Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

The Regional Town and Country Planning Act: Chapter 29:12. Revised
Edition 1996

Zvishavane Town Master Plan

Draft Written Statement

Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

The Regional Town and Country Planning Act: Chapter 29:12. Revised
Edition 1996

Zvishavane Town Council Master Plan

This Master Plan has been prepared in terms of part IV of the Regional, Town and
Country Planning Act, Chapter 29:12, Revised Edition 1996 and the Regional,
Town and Country Planning (Master and Local Plans) Regulations, Government
Notice No. 248 of 1977.

Certified that, this is a true copy of the Master Plan Adopted by the Zvishavane
Town Council at this meeting held on the:
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………..

Council Chairman………………………………………………………………………

Town Secretary…………………………………………………………………………..
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Chapter 1. Background.

Functions and Aims of Zvishavane Master Plan

Function
The function of Zvishavane Master Plan is to provide a framework that shall be to
articulate specific locational and development policies for all the agencies and
stakeholders involved and at the same time to explore the implications of other
non-locational policies.

Aims of the Master Plan

The aims of Zvishavane Master Plan are to:
(a) To provide a planning framework through which Zvishavane town shall
experience smart growth, where there is balance between population
growth and sustainable urbanization.
(b) To provide sufficient land to accommodate the town’s needs with
respect to housing, social services, community services, economic
development, sports and recreation over a period of 15-20 years.
(c) To facilitate orderly and harmonious integration of a number of areas
currently under Shabani Mine into Town Council’s jurisdiction.
(d) To provide Zvishavane town’s resident, potential investors and
development agencies with a set of enabling policies to attract
investment and growth, and at the same time to guide development in
an orderly and harmonious manner.
(e) To create attractive conditions for the growth of the local economy and
generation of employment
(f) To promote environmental sustainability in Zvishavane town.
(g) To create a strong institutional framework for Zvishavane town capable
of promoting growth of Zvishavane town.

1.2 Structure of the Written Statement

This written statement is presented in five chapters as follows.

Chapter 1- Introduction and Background

This chapter introduces the Master Plan’s functions and aims as well as the
structure of the written statement.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Chapter 2- Findings of the Report of Study

This chapter provides a summary of the key findings of the problems and issues
identified in the Report of Study

Chapter 3- Mission Statement for Zvishavane Town

This part deals with the need for an explicit mission and Mission Statement for
Zvishavane town and goes on to set the goals derived from the Mission.

Chapter 4- Policies and Proposals

This chapter details the policies and proposals of the Master Plan

Chapter 5- Management of the Plan

This is the final part which deals with issues of the plan implementation and
management. Development control guidelines form an appendix to this part.

Chapter 2. Findings of the Report of Study

2.1 Spatial Structure
 Residential area and the Mine Area are so close to the town center or the
CBD, posing a major constraint to the town center future development.
Currently, the commercial zone is now invading the light industrial zone
and the nearby residential suburb known as Town. Citing this constraint
the Council had to identify another Greenfield or undeveloped land and
zone it for major commercial center and the land should allow for future
expansion of the CBD.
 There is need for upgrading and renewal of the old Town Council and Mine
high density residential areas- Mandava, Maglas, Nil and Kandodo. A lot of
land is wasted in the mine and low-density areas as there are lots of under
developed spaces. The lost spaces within the developed areas should be
filled up
2.2 Re-designation of Land
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 The re-designation of land on its own is an issue as well as a problem.

Council and Shabani have to agree on the development of approximately
620 hectares of land under the surface rights of Shabani mine.
 The Mine was granted Abandonment order by the Ministry of Mines and
Mineral development and they are carrying out subdivisions with some
layout plan already approved and it is already rolling out the provisions
and conditions of the subdivision permit.
2.3 Population
 The population of Zvishavane town has been growing exponentially over
the past 20 years that is from 2002-2022. It grew from 35 128 persons in
2022 to 45 325 persons in 2012 and to 59 714 persons in 2022. From
2002 to 2022, the population of Zvishavane town has been growing at a
rate of 3% per annum.
 A growth rate of 3% is one of the highest urban population growth rates in
the Midlands province. Other Midlands urban centers and their respective
growth rates are Gweru (2.2%), Kwekwe (1.3%), Redcliff (1.5%) and
Shurugwi (2.5%). Zvishavane being one of those with the least industrial
and commercial development in the province.
 Immigration from surrounding rural areas (Chivi,Mberengwa, Insiza and
Zvishavane itself) is one of the major causes which contribute to the high
population growth rate.
 High order education institutions and hinterland mining sites are likely to
attract more immigrants to Zvishavane town. Continued urbanization
without attendant urban development will likely have negative impact to
the urban systems in terms of jobs opportunities, pressure on the existing
physical and social infrastructure and all other Council Services.
 The Master plan will have to come up with imaginative proposals and
Council will have to develop capacity both financial and human to deal
with the impending issues
 A large number of Zvishavane population are into the Middle Ages or
economically active age group (18-64 years) indicating that a greater
number of people are living up to Middle Ages but have a shorter life
expectancy as very few are living beyond 65 years.

2.4 Land Availability

Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

 Zvishavane has increased its land uptake from 1999. Town built- up area
has significantly extended as witnessed by new residential developments
such Izayi Park, Lot 4, Arise Park, Lot 2 and Eastlea Extension known as
Forit among other commercial, Light industry, institutional and
recreational developments. New developments have also been witnessed
in the Mine area including 198 cluster housing units built by FBC, 26 high
rise flats among various other developments.
 A significant part of land which is still undeveloped is in the to be
incorporated peri-urban corridor. If the land in this peri-urban corridor is
incorporated, the boundary of Zvishavane town will be extended from
approximately 7000 hectares to approximately 13 422 hectares or
134.224 square kilometers.
 There is need to consider planning the land in the peri-urban corridor
slated for incorporation for uses such as industry, commerce, institutions,
recreation and open spaces. More so, about 620 hectares of undeveloped
land in Shabani Mine slated for redesignation by the previous Master Plan
should be planned for development of various land uses because asbestos
mining activities have stopped in 2004 due to decrease in demand of
white asbestos worldwide because it is hazardous to health.
 Currently the demand for land is high witnessed by the current housing
waiting list which was at 4 408 as of April 2024.
2.5 Employment and Economic Base
 In the previous planning period, the economy of Zvishavane town was
largely anchored by Shabani Mine which was the biggest employer in the
Midlands Province with over 2000 workers. However, the mine has since
closed in 2004 due to reduced demand of white asbestos across the world
as it is hazardous to health.
 There are various mining activities in the hinterland of Zvishavane town
including MIMOSA Platinum Mine, Sabi Gold Mine, Murowa diamond mine
and others. These mines are employing a significant population in
Zvishavane town, and these mining companies are contributing to the
development of housing projects in Zvishavane town.
 The current main economic activity in Zvishavane town is commerce
made up of retail, wholesale, financial sector and the informal sector. More
so, SMEs in the form of light industry specializing in various activities such
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as carpentry, welding, brick molding, car repairs among others are a

growing sector employing a number of people.
 There is need for support for these emerging economic activities by
allocating them land and financial resources to promote their growth.
 There is need to capacitate the Town Council to play an active role in
establishing industries and other businesses run by the council, to
increase its revenue streams. The Town Council should not only be the
regulator but it should be the provider of services to the residents of
Zvishavane town. The council can also venture in agricultural activities
such as cattle farming and has potential to supply meat to the residents of
Zvishavane Town.

2.6 Housing
 Demand for housing is demonstrated by the current housing waiting list of
more than 4 408 residents.
 Some old houses in Mandava, Maglas, Nil and Kandodo have deteriorated
beyond urban housing standards. They need urgent rehabilitation as their
structures have degenerated and overtaken by technology.
 There are creeping incidents of unwarranted and unauthorized structures
in Mandava, being built as additions to existing structures to
accommodate more families, or to do cottage industry activities.
 In some parts of the incorporated land inside the Master Plan boundary,
the traditional leaders are selling the land to the rural residents before
proper planning by the Town Council.
 There is general outcry of private land developers in the Town who
purchase land in bulk from council and service it for sale at high and
expensive prices beyond affordability of many residents.
 The community is complaining about communal sanitary facilities in favor
of having inside toilet connections at every house. Over 300 housing units
in Mandava, Maglas and Kandodo are still using communal toilets.
 Some housing units are built in wetlands and flood prone area in Izayi Park
and there is need for reallocation of these people to avoid them being
struck by disaster in times of adverse weather.
 There is evidence of overcrowding in some part of Mandava due to the
light industrial activities invading the residential zone. More so, the
communal types of planning in some part of Maglas, Nil and Kandodo has
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

to match urban planning standards after their surrender to be

administered by the Town Council.
 The Master plan must come up with Concrete measure to deal with the
growing problem of Housing in Zvishavane town.

2.7 Water Supply

 There are acute water shortages in Zvishavane town. The water treatment
plant at Ngezi River is producing less than 15000 cubic meters of water
per day against the Zvishavane town daily demand of 25000 cubic meters.
 The water distribution mains in the Zvishavane Town are old and subject
to periodic bursts making it difficult for the continuous supply of water in
the Town Council area and the Mine area.
 The taking over of the Mine area by council would require increased
capacity in plant and personnel. Council should therefore develop
adequate capacity to manage this increased burden. New water treatment
works with the capacity to produce at least 60 000 cubic meters a day
should be built and this will serve the expected grown population by 2044.
 Currently there is uneven distribution of water in both the mine areas and
town. The people in Mine area are feeling being sidelined by the Town
Council on water distribution.
 The current water treatment works are too small to cater for all the
current developments and future development needs.
2.8 Sewer and Waste Water Management
 The sewer reticulation system in Zvishavane is in bad state, as the mains
are aged and subject to frequent burst. This poses significant health
hazards to the residents.
 Waste water from the treatment plants is being discharged into the
environment without being treated.
 The current sewer reticulation system isoverwhelmed, old and decaying
sewer reticulation system and cannot handle the current and future
demand
 Over 300 houses in high density suburbs of Maglas, Kandodo and Mandava
are still using communal toilets which are in very bad state. The sewer
reticulation pipes in Maglas have degenerated and are now close to
inexistent.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

 The sewerage reticulation system in the mining area has been vandalized
by the illegal miners and in some parts, is close to inexistent.
 There is need for the system overhaul in old high-density areas and
unclogging of the pipes in some parts of the Town Council area.

2.9 Transport and Traffic Management

 Most roads in Zvishavane need upgrading and rehabilitation.
 There is no deliberate traffic management systems in Zvishavane. There is
need for intelligent smart transport systems in Zvishavane Town.
 There is the problems of passing-through traffic in the CBD which is
causing unnecessary traffic. The transit routes that connect Zvishavane
and other cities like Bulawayo, Gweru and Masvingo passes through the
CBD which generates unnecessary traffic.
 The intersection of R. Mugabe way and Gweru Road require a functional
smart traffic lights in order to control traffic.
 Parking in the town is scarce and the available parking is not properly
managed.
 The absence of loading and offloading bays in the CBD has led to the
clogging of traffic along the Gweru Road due to haulage trucks offloading
at N. Richards.
 Most service lanes at the back of the shops are either blocked by building
extensions or occupied by vendors denying accessibility.
 The railway transport is not optimally used because there is not much
industrial activity.

2.10 Solid Waste Management

 There is no proper landfill in Zvishavane. Soild waste is being disposed on
an open dump site. There is need to consider new sites which can be
certified by the Environmental Management Agency.
 Refuse removal has improved as the council has purchased 2 more refuse
compactors.
 Refuse collection in the mining areas has deteriorated and is no longer on
regular basis. The mine area relies on one tractor which has frequent
breakdowns.
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 The surrender of management function of the Shabani mine settlements

to the Town Council will require more compactors and personnel to carry
out the task
 There are a lot of undesignated dump sites in residential and commercial
areas of Zvishavane Town. More so, littering is an issue for concern. The
communities should do routine clean up campaigns to keep Zvishavane
town clean.
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2.11 Postal and Telecommunication and ICTs

 Technological advancement in the country has reduced the demand for
postal services
 Network connection improvements will result in increased adoption of
technological advancements being invented globally.
 Providers of mobile network in Zvishavane are Econet, Netone and Telecel.
Network coverage in Zvishavane town is fairly good except for the hilly
areas especially parts of Hillview.
 Providers of fixed telecommunication services in Zvishavane include
Telone and ZOL. The introduction of effective star link network by the
Zimbabwean government will have a significant impact in internet access
Zvishavane town
 Due to the constant call for smart cities, there is need for hi-tech centers
to provide hardware, software, training and maintenance services to
various technologies available globally.

2.12 Electricity and Energy

 Electricity outages are creating serious challenges for pumping of water,
manufacturing and other businesses
 ZESA blackouts are a worrying issue to the population of Zvishavane
hence the need for alternative green energy like solar
 There is no solar farm in Zvishavane Town

2.13 Social infrastructure

There is a general under provision of social facilities in the high-density areas.
Few that exist are overcrowded, poorly equipped.
a) Preschools
 There is under-provision of preschools in the high-density suburbs of both
the mining area and the Town especially in the new suburbs such as Izayi
Park, Arise Park, Lot 4 and Eastlea Extention. Where they exist, they have
poor infrastructure and facilities.

b) Primary schools
 The planning area has a shortage of primary schools evidenced by hot
sitting; currently, there are seven urban public primary schools and four
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

urban private primary schools. Of all these schools, only one private
primary school caters for the people with special needs.
 There is also a serious shortage of staff, books and STEM teachers in the
Town. Primary schools have limited recreational facilities within their
proximity.
 Also, accessibility is a major challenge with some pupils having to travel
long distance to schools as the distribution is uneven.
 The population composition in the Town has made it hard for the efficient
provision of primary education.
 There are several planned primary schools, in line with the urban planning
standards, but have not been constructed.

c) Secondary Schools
 There are three urban public secondary schools for a settlement with more
60 000 people. There is, therefore, under provision of secondary schools. 7
secondary schools in Zvishavane town are private charging exorbitant
fees. Of all these, only 2 secondary schools have Advanced Level classes
 Mandava High School is overcrowded
 According to the Ministry standards there should be 4 secondary schools
to sufficiently cater for such a growing population.
 The shortage of secondary schools is coupled with inadequate facilities
like classroom, and ICT hubs pose a serious problem for the Council.
 The mine area does not have any secondary school facilities as a result
some pupils have to travel for at least one and half hours each trip to and
from the nearest school.
 There are several planned primary schools, in line with the urban planning
standards, but have not been constructed.

d) Tertiary Education
 Zvishavane has one university, a branch of Midlands State University,
which offer social sciences and mining programmes.
 The Town has one vocational training centre and a technical mining
school. The Vocational Training Centre is situated in the heavy industrial
areas.
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 The institutions of higher learning face a common challenge of

accommodation for both the pupils and staff. There is need for student
accommodation.
 Double seasoning and proliferation of informal/private colleges has
increased and at times compromising the quality of education delivered to
the community

e) Recreational Facilities
 Recreational facilities were indeed prioritized in the previous Outline Plans
and Master Plans for Zvishavane as evidenced by the availability of various
recreational facilities.
 The current facilities are only for able bodied people and are not inclusive
to the people with disabilities.
 In order to promote inclusivity in the society, recreational facilities that are
accessible to people living with disabilities should be planned for and
implemented
 Many recreational facilities in Zvishavane town are degrading especially
those located in Shabani mine. There is need to carry out maintenance
programs to bring back life to these facilities.

2.14 Industry
 Currently the Town does not have a significant industry except for the two
chrome smelter plants and Boltrec Engineering.
 SMEs are increasing in the light industrial zone and there is now shortage
of land for this sector
 In future, Council should identify and develop another industrial area for
SMEs in the industrial sector.
 There is also a need to encourage manufacturing industries, using
resources from the hinterland, to set up businesses in Zvishavane so as to
create employment in the town.
 There is general underutilization of available space with some
entrepreneur unable to develop stands allocated to them for industrial
purposes.

2.15 Environmental Issues

Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

 Significant degradation of the environment has been witnessed over the

past years through human activities such as illegal mining, land
development, sewer leakages and cutting down of trees.
 Corrective measures should be put in place by all stakeholders to reduce
and restore the integrity of the natural environment. Water pollution by
sewage leaks, siting houses in wetlands, soil erosion caused by poor road
construction and other issues are threatening the integrity of natural
environment.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Chapter 3. Vision and Mission Statement for Zvishavane Town

3.1 The vision statement

A Master Plan, like all good plan must have a vision. A vision forms the basis for
all that follows in the plan. It is the map of the hoped for outcomes of the plan.
The ultimate test of a plan is the extent to which it has been able to realize the
vision. This Master Plan has a vision of encouraging economic prosperity
throughout the planning area, ensuring a high quality of environment with
management of natural resources, opportunities and equity for the Zvishavane’s
population and a more sustainable pattern of development. The focus is on
enabling and promoting mining production, economic growth, sustainability and
capacity building.

The Council’s vision reads:

A mining Municipality with high quality services and an ultimate investment
destination in Zimbabwe by 2025.
 Core Values
 Teamwork
 Integrity
 Accountability

3.2 The Master Plan Goals

Goals of Zvishavane Town Master Plan

1. To provide a robust planning framework which promotes smart growth of
Zvishavane town

2. To establish an inclusive, sustainable and diversified economic base capable

of promoting economic development and creating employment to the
residents of Zvishavane town by the end of planning period.
3. To ensure that, there is adequate and appropriate provision of social and
economic infrastructure to all the residents of Zvishavane Town

4. To provide adequate and appropriate public utility services and

communication infrastructure to all the residents and developments in
Zvishavane town
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

5. To ensure that, there is balance between urban development and

environmental sustainability in Zvishavane Town

6. To transform Zvishavane Town Council into a strong institution empowered

by residents and other stakeholders so that it pro-actively respond to the
needs and problems of residents of the town.

Chapter 4. Strategies and Policies

This chapter presents the goals of Zvishavane town in the next planning period
as well as outlining the objectives, policies and strategies for the achievement of
each goal.

Goal 1: To provide a Planning Framework Which promotes Smart

Growth of Zvishavane Town.

Explanation
This Master Plan is a new planning framework that will be used as a guide and
promote sustainable urban development in Zvishavane town. This is also a tool
that assists the town to achieve its obligations on the Vision 2030 which seeks to
achieve an upper middle-income economy by 2030, as well as accomplishing
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

global policies such as the New Urban Agenda and Sustainable Development
Goals. This Master Plan seeks to promote smart growth of the town through
innovative urban planning strategies and tools. The residents of Zvishavane
should have a wide range of choices in transportation, housing, employment
opportunities, education and health facilities, water and sanitation, recreational
facilities, energy, and be subjected to good governance among others. The key
goals of Smart Growth are promoting neighborhood livability, upgrading pre-
existing deteriorated settlements, preserving environmentally sensitive areas
and open spaces, equal opportunities for the residents and others.

To promote smart growth in Zvishavane town, there is need to invest time,

attention and resources in rectifying complex problems in Brownfields
particularly in deteriorated areas as well as creating new compact, smart and
sustainable neighborhoods in the Greenfields that will be able to meet the needs
of present and future generations. This Master Plan serves as a guiding
framework providing means to transform Zvishavane town into a place where
people would love to live, work and visit.

Objective 1. To Strike a Balance Between Urbanization and Sustainable

Urban Development in Zvishavane Town.

Justification
The Report of Study indicated that, the population of Zvishavane town has been
growing exponentially from 35 128 persons in 2002, to 59 714 persons in 2022.
The population of Zvishavane town is projected to grow at a rate of 4% per
annum and it is anticipated to reach 141 519 persons by 2044. This rapid
urbanization coupled with limited infrastructure development is causing a lot of
problems in Zvishavane town. While the population of the town has been
increasing, there was limited infrastructure development to cater for the growing
population. This has resulted in unbearable strain on the available social and
economic infrastructure as the carrying capacity was exceeded by population
growth.

The strain on the available social and economic infrastructure has led to the
emergency of problems such as shortages in the provision of water, bursting of
sewer reticulation infrastructure, strain on health and education facilities,
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dilapidation of housing infrastructure, unemployment, deteriorating road

infrastructure, and others. It is rare to transition from a low-income economy to a
middle-income economy without first addressing the problems caused by
imbalance between urbanization and urban development in towns and cities.
Where urbanization exceeds urban development, the livability status declines
due to perceived risks such as under provision of utility services, shortage of
housing and development of slums, urban decay, increase in crime rate,
unemployment, and environmental pollution among other problems that reduce
happiness of people.

Policy 1.1: By the end of the Plan Period, there should be a balance between
sustainable urban development and population growth

Proposals for Balancing Population Growth and Urban Development in

Zvishavane Town

Proposal 1: Improve the Town’s Information System

The availability of up-to-date information help policy makers to identify the gap
between population growth and urban development thereby making informed or
knowledge-based decisions that can help balance urbanization and urban
development. Effective decision making rely on the availability of reliable
information. The Town Council should have an information and research section
responsible for capturing all developmental data in Zvishavane town and create
updated data bases depicting the exact state of infrastructure, demographic,
economic, social, environmental and administrative issues of the town visa vis
population growth. The information and research section should be responsible
for collection of data and creation of council databases. This could be the one
stop center for all information in Zvishavane Town Council.

Proposal 2: Improve Financial Commitments to Development Projects

Zvishavane town should increase financial investment in infrastructure
development projects so as to meet the current and future demand of the same.
For example, it is anticipated that, the population of Zvishavane town will grow
at a rate of 4% per annum and will reach 141 519 persons in 2044. This means
action should be taken now to upgrade infrastructure such as roads, water and
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sewer reticulation, education and health facilities, housing and others facilities to
cater for this future population. A number of proposals in the previous Master
Plan were not implemented mainly due to lack sufficient financial resources and
lack of political will. Planning is not an end in itself but requires political will and
financial commitments to support execution of the plan.

Proposal 3: Promote Compact Development in the Planning Area

Zvishavane town should implement compact city development model in its
Greenfields and in the redevelopment of its Brownfields. In the Brownfields,
compact development can be applied in infills and in redevelopment of the
blighted areas. Development of housing clusters is a good example of compact
development and in Zvishavane, a pace was already set by FBC Building Society
which developed 298 beautiful high density residential clusters. Compact
development increases economic efficiency in the delivery of basic urban
services such as water, sewerage reticulation, and energy, among others. It is
less costly to deliver urban utility services in compact cities compared to
sprawled suburban areas.

Proposal 4: Prioritize Stakeholder Engagement in Development

Planning
The Town council should effectively engage stakeholders of Zvishavane town in
the development affairs of the town. Stakeholder engagement helps in instilling
a sense of belonging and ownership of the development projects by the
stakeholders as well as identifying commonly agreed priority development
needs. This has potential to unlock resources, including financial, intellectual and
physical, which are needed in the successful implementation of development
projects that deliver a balance between urban development and population
growth.

Objective 1B: To Prepare Local Development Plans for Blighted areas,

the CBD, Redesignated Land and Land Earmarked for Incorporation

Justification
For the indefinite past, Zvishavane town has been operating without Local
Development Plans. Local Development Plans are area specific statutory plans
that provide a land development policy and a framework within which
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

development control process can take place. In the absence of Local

Development Plans, it is difficult to assess the suitability of applications for
development permission and to determine whether the proposal is compatible
with nearby land use or is located in an appropriate site. As land use policies,
Local Development Plans establish land development standards and make
proposals for the way in which the area should develop over time. More so, Local
Development Plans are also prepared for areas which are experiencing
significant development pressures or some negative effects of growth and
development in an effort to find solutions to these problems and to manage
future growth.

This Master Plan, as a high order statutory plan, provides a framework for the
development of Local Development Plans for hotspots, redesignated land and
land to be incorporated in Zvishavane town. Hotspots in this regard, are the
areas that are facing a myriad of development challenges and in need for urgent
attention which are Mandava, the CBD and Shabani Mine Settlements.

Policy 1.2: Prepare Local Development Plans for Blighted Areas, CBD, Re-
designated Land and Land earmarked for Incorporation.

Proposals on Local Development Plans

Proposal 1: Prepare Local Development Plans for Mandava

The Previous Master Plan had also recommended for the development of Local
Development Plans for Mandava areas and unfortunately the proposal had not
been realized. This Master Plan re-emphasize the preparation of Local
Development Plans for Mandava light industry, Mandava commercial center and
Mandava residential areas, i.e. Majarada and Roundavaals.

(a) The Mandava Light Industry Zone

The Report of Study highlighted that due to shortage of space, some light
industrial activities are invading the nearby residential areas in Mandava
particularly in Majarada, Roundavaals, 10 Dollars and Zvizvobgo. Given that the
SMEs and the informal sector are growing and employing a sizeable number of
people in Zvishavane, the council should avail land for these sectors for them to
operate from and this could help in decongesting the old Mandava light industry
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zone. On Mandava Light Industry Zone, the Local Development Plan as a policy
should focus on
 Decongesting the light industrial zone by relocating some light industrial
activities elsewhere
 Provision of adequate utility and communication infrastructure to support
the light industrial activities,
 Removal of temporal structures in the light industrial zone and
construction of modern permanent structures that can accommodate
more activities.
 Refurbishment of existing blighted light industrial buildings in line with the
modern technology
 Improving the road infrastructure in the light industrial zone through tar
surfacing and construction of proper drainage systems
 Controlling the invasion of light industrial zone by commercial and other
non-light industrial activities.

(b) Mandava Commercial Center

The Mandava commercial center is experiencing development problems
including decaying building infrastructure, development of unsanctioned
structures, overcrowding, deteriorating roads punctuated with potholes,
inadequate provision of utility infrastructure among others. Due to space
shortage, the SMEs sector has resorted to the construction of unapproved
temporary structures for them to sell their products in the commercial center.
More so, roads and pavements are being invaded by the SMEs especially near
Mandava Polyclinic thereby interfering with the movement of vehicular traffic.

The Local Development Plan as a policy can help in providing solutions to

problems. On Mandava Commercial Center, the Local Development Plan should
focus on
 Renewal and refurbishment of blighted shop buildings in line with new
modern architectural styles and finishes,
 Rehabilitation of roads and bus termini in line with modern international
standards and construction of proper road drainage systems
 Removal of unsanctioned structures in the shopping center and relocating
the SMEs business people operating on unapproved premises to a properly
planned and strategically chosen area for them to market their products.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

 Improving utility infrastructure such as water and sewerage reticulation

pipes.
 Improving the natural environment of the commercial center by reducing
land and air pollution.

(c) Mandava Residential Areas

The poorest people in Zvishavane town live in Mandava residential areas such as
Majarada and Roundavaals. Majarada is a semi-detached section with very old
and dilapidated housing structures and each structure accommodates at least
six families. Due to overcrowding, many illegal and sub-standard structures were
built in these areas to accommodate more families. There are serious challenges
of provision of utility services in Majarada and Roundavaals due to degenerated
water and sewer mains. A large number of families in these areas use the
communal toilets, which are in a very bad state and are a health hazard. A Local
Development Plan for Mandava area could help upgrade these areas from this
quagmire.

A Local Development Plan as a policy should focus on

 Complete renewal of Majarada and Roundavaal areas advocating for
compact development with new urban form and with buildings designed of
modern architectural styles,
 Installation of new water and sewerage reticulation mains capable
sustaining dense population,
 Provision of social services such as education, health and recreational
facilities
 Rehabilitation and modernization of existing roads through widening, tar
surfacing and constructing proper road drainage systems.
 Provision of adequate electricity and telecommunication infrastructure
 Complete abolition of communal toilet system

Proposal 2: Prepare local Development Plan for the Central Business

District
The report of study indicated that the CBD is situated close to residential areas
that constrain its expansion. Several buildings within the CBD area have defaced
and their architectural designs are now obsolete and not aesthetically pleasing. It
is also demonstrated in the report of study that, developments in the CBD follow
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Bulawayo Road in a linear pattern and all traffic travelling in Masvingo-Bulawayo

Road passes through the CBD posing a traffic hazard. More so, Zvishavane CBD
is also facing the challenges of utility provision due to aged water and sewer
reticulation. Vendors are also occupying pavements and shop fronts selling
different wares.

A Local Development Plan for Zvishavane CBD as a policy should focus on,
 Zoning part of the Town Area low density residential suburb, west of
Gweru Road for the expansion of the CBD. The property owners in this
residential area can either redevelop their properties into modern shops,
or sell to the investors who are able to redevelop them into commercial
properties
 Properly harmonize the CBD and the proposed Kandodo commercial
center in the immediate southwest.
 Properly develop the serviced land close to high rise flats, into modern
shops expanding the CBD area.
 Redevelopment of old dilapidated buildings in the CBD area using modern
architecture and building technology
 Redevelopment and refurbishment of utility infrastructure servicing the
CBD.
 Improving the environmental quality of the CBD
 Providing a properly planned place to vendors for them to operate from, so
that they may not occupy pavements and shop fronts
 Realignment of national Bulawayo-Masvingo Road to reduce traffic passing
through the CBD.
 Allow for vertical expansion.

Proposal 3. Prepare Local Development Plans for Shabani Mine

Settlements
The Report of Study has highlighted that, the high-density residential
settlements in Shabani Mine were build more than a century ago and no routine
maintenance on buildings, recreational facilities, water and sewerage mains are
being done by Shabani Mine leading to their deterioration. Apart from the high-
density suburbs, the low-density residential areas in Shabani Mine which are
Birthday, Hillview, Advalorem, Noelvale or Chinda Heights are also experiencing
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

structural defacing, road infrastructure deterioration, water and sewerage

reticulation problems.

Settlements in Shabani mine lack proper arrangement in terms of stand layout

as there are a lot of undeveloped land within residential areas especially in
Birthday. More so, there is deprivation of education and health facilities in
Shabani Mine as compared to the Town Council area. Preparation of Local
Development Plans for Shabani Mine settlements, both low density and high-
density suburbs would help in fixing the form and problems as well as creating
vibrant places where people would enjoy to live, work and visit.

A Local Development Plan for Shabani Mine settlements should focus on

 Provision of adequate social services such as education, health and
recreational facilities and improving maintenance on those existing,
 Redevelopment of degenerated sewerage reticulation infrastructure and
placement of new and functional sewerage pump stations
 Promotion of individual home ownership
 Complete abolition of communal toilets
 Compact development in all undeveloped spaces
 Renovation of low-density houses
 Redevelopment and renovation of high-density houses
 Rehabilitation of road infrastructure through tar surfacing and construction
of proper road drainage systems.
 Improving the mobile network coverage and other telecommunication
services.

Proposal 4: Preparation of Local Development Plans for Redesignated

Land and the Master Plan Corridor
The previous Master Plan had proposed for the incorporation of land from
surrounding peri-urban areas for the expansion of Zvishavane town. If the
incorporation is done, the land size of Zvishavane town will increase from
approximately 7000 hectares to approximately 13 422 hectares or 134.224
square kilometers. The previous Master Plan had also redesignated
approximately 620 hectares of virgin land in Shabani Mine formerly meant for
mining activities to the development of settlements. Local Development Plans
should be prepared for the redesignated and land earmarked for incorporation
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

including Mtonjeni to provide a guiding framework through which rational

development should take place.

The Local Development Plans for this new land should focus on:
 Promoting compact development through mixing compatible land uses so
that residents will have all services such as employment, education,
health, recreation, commercial services among others within their vicinity
and without travelling to other places.
 Create compact building designs
 Create a range of housing opportunities and choices
 Create walkable neighborhoods
 Foster distinctive, attractive communities with a strong sense of place
 Preserve open space, farmland, natural beauty, and critical environmental
areas
 Strengthen and direct development towards existing communities
 Provide a variety of transportation choices
 Provide adequate and durable utility infrastructure
 Promote the use of digital technologies

Objective 1C: To Implement the One Town Concept during the Planning
Period

Justification
By the end of the plan period, Zvishavane town will have fully incorporated the
land in the Master Plan Corridor into the one boundary of Zvishavane town. More
so, by the end of the plan period, there will be equitable distribution of utility
services, social infrastructure such as education, health and recreational
facilities, home ownership among all people living in the town. The closure of the
mine rendered it incapacitated to do maintenance on the roads, water and
sewerage mains, refurbishment of houses and recreational facilities among
others. This resulted in unequal provision of services such as water and refuse
collection in the Town Council area and Shabani mine settlements. This Master
Plan seeks to achieve the implementation of one town concept where all
settlements in Zvishavane are administered and managed by Zvishavane Town
Council, with equitable distribution of services across the town.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Policy 1.3: Incorporate the Master Plan Corridor into one Boundary of
Zvishavane Town and Provide Equitable Services to all Residents Across the
Town

Proposals for Achieving One Town Concept

Proposal 1: Liaise with Central Government to Approve the Master Plan

Boundary
Zvishavane Town Council should liaise with the Ministry of Local Government and
Public Works and other responsible authorities to approve the Master Plan
boundary so that, all areas that are in the Master Plan corridor which include
Kosvoro, 4 Miles, Mabula, Kings Rest farm among others would become under
Zvishavane Town Council where the council will plan and provide the services for
these areas.

Proposal 2: Zvishavane Town Council to Take Over Management of

Shabani Mine Settlements
To achieve a one town concept, Zvishavane Town Council should take over the
administration and management of Shabani Mine settlements. This will help in
equitable provision of services such as water, sewerage reticulation, refuse
collection among other services to all settlements in Zvishavane town. The
administration and management of the town by one public body makes it easier
to make decisions and implement policies that benefit everyone living in the
town.

Proposal 3: Asset Building

It is another popular strategy that can be used to achieve one town concept in
Zvishavane town. It entails the promotion of property or asset ownership by local
residents. As it stands, Shabani mine is still the owner of a large number of
residential properties which they are letting out to the tenants. This reduces the
sense of ownership by residents and they cannot spend their finances on
improving the properties which they do not own. Shabani mine should speed up
the sell of residential properties to private home seekers and promote individual
home ownership in Shabani mine settlements like what is it in the Town Council
area. By increasing the economic status of residents through promoting home
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

ownership, it increases their propensity to stay in the Shabani mine settlements

which may result in promotion of collective action by home owners towards
neighborhood revitalization. Asset building facilitates the transfer of benefits
from individuals to neighborhoods and to institutions such as schools and
churches. For example, property owners use income from rentals to purchase
goods and services from a local shop, paying fees to a local school among others
and this circulation of funds may enable for the rehabilitation of schools and local
shops in Shabani mine settlements which may result in equitable distribution of
services thereby achieving one town concept in Zvishavane.

Proposal 4: Collaboration Between Town Council and Stakeholders

This remain an effective planning tool if one town concept is to be achieved in
Zvishavane town. To implement the one town concept to achieve equitable
distribution of services across the town, collaboration between Zvishavane Town
Council, Shabani Mine and other stakeholders is the way to go. Given that,
Shabani Mine has already been granted with the subdivision permit to subdivide
the land under its jurisdiction, Zvishavane Town Council and Shabani Mine should
collaborate on establishing land use policies and standards that guide land
development in Shabani mine and put up a framework for development control
to avoid unwanted developments that may generate future problems. This will
help in establishing the desired urban form, distributing social services equitably,
distributing commercial centers, distribution of industrial and employment sites
and efficient utilization of resources among others.

Objective 1D: To make Zvishavane Town Embrace Smart City Concept

and Modern Technology

Justification
Rapid urbanization and urban growth have generated many problems to
Zvishavane town and these problems have negative impacts on the natural
environment, economic performance and social wellbeing of the people living in
the town. Since the last decade, there has been explosive growth of information
and communication technologies due to development of software and hardware
designs. It is now a global trend that, cities and towns are turning to information
and communication technologies as a remedy to the challenges being caused by
rapid urbanization and urban growth. The use of ICTs in cities and towns in
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

various forms for different activities has led to the increased effectiveness of
their operations. It is one of the major thrusts of this Master Plan to create a
framework that speed up the use of ICTs in Zvishavane town as a way to solve
its multifaceted challenges and to improve effectiveness of its operations so as
to lift up the quality of life of residents of Zvishavane town.

A smart sustainable city is an innovative city that uses information and

communication technologies (ICTs) and other means to improve quality of life,
efficiency of urban operations and services, and competitiveness, while ensuring
that it meets the needs of present and future generations with respect to
economic, social and environmental aspects.

Policy 1.4: Zvishavane to Promote Technology Based Urban Development

Proposals for the Adoption of Modern Technology and Smart City

Concept

Proposal 1: Considering the Inclusion of Smart Building Attributes in

Plan Approval
Apart from considering the location, building lines and other traditional attributes
in building plan approval, Zvishavane town should also consider the inclusion of
basic smart building attributes such as connections to telecommunication
infrastructure, aspect for solar energy harvesting, suitability for installation of
temperature and security sensors, automated heaters and air conditioners,
power management and lighting control appliances among others. Smart
buildings can easily connect to other buildings and the global environment
through Internet of Things. The advantage of smart buildings includes high
efficiency and low cost of operation, risk identification and management as well
as sustainability.

Proposal 2: Education and Campaigns for Residents to Adopt Smart

Energy
Given that, Zvishavane town is located in a region which experiences sunshine
and high solar temperatures, harvesting of solar energy is the way to go in
complementing electricity from the national grid. Campaigns should be made at
council level to educate and encourage residents to adopt solar energy whether
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

for business or for home consumption. The ICTs can be used for automated
switch from the national grid to the onsite solar energy grid. The ICT can also be
used to control the operations with appropriate level of energy consumption for
smart appliances like geysers, dishwashers and water heaters.

Proposal 3: Encourage Use of Technology in Health Care System

Adoption and use of digital technologies may help to improve the health care
system in Zvishavane town. Due to the rapid growth of population, traditional
healthcare is overwhelmed. With limited resources and ever-increasing demand,
traditional healthcare needs to be intelligent, efficient, and sustainable.
Residents should be encouraged to have on body sensors at their homes to test
themselves of common ailments such as diabetes, Blood Pressure among others
and find remedies before it is too late. Various mechanisms including ICTs, cloud
computing, smart phone apps, and advanced data analysis techniques, should
be adopted and used in Zvishavane town health care system to connect health
practitioners in different health centers to share information and work together
for the benefit of residents.

Proposal 4: Adoption of Digital Technology in Town Governance

Zvishavane Town Council should improve in adoption of smart technologies such
as Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Software Services, Artificial Intelligence,
virtual reality, 3D scanning and others for efficient service delivery and day to
day governance. These technologies would help the local authority to improve
data storage and its security, easy data analysis, efficient and real time
communication with residents, enable the residents to pay their bills online at
the comfort of their homes, enable residents to report any challenge in real time
among others. More so, the adoption of smart technologies such as virtual reality
would help the policy makers to make informed decisions before they commit
funds to a proposed development.

Proposal 5: Establishing Technology and Innovation Centers

The council should consider setting aside land for the development of
Technology and Innovation centers in Zvishavane town. An innovation center is a
physical space or a hub that offers various innovative resources and services to
entrepreneurs, startups, and established businesses. The innovation centers will
feature knowledge-based institutions such as universities, polytechnics,
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

independent research and technology organizations and others which will focus
on helping local businesses to address major challenges through innovation, as
well as helping public bodies in Zvishavane town such as the Town Council to
solve urban development problems through innovate

GOAL 2
To Provide an Inclusive, Sustainable and Diversified Economic Base
Capable of Promoting Economic Development and Creating Employment
to The Residents of Zvishavane Town.

Explanation
This goal is reflecting on the critical importance of cultivating a robust economic
base that can not only drive growth but also ensure equitable access to
economic opportunities for the population of Zvishavane. Diversifying the
economic base is a key component of this goal, as it allows the town to reduce
reliance on limited range of economic activities but instead, nurture a wide range
of investments that can provide a broader array of employment prospects and
income sources for the residents and enhance the ability of the town to adapt to
changing market conditions and technological advancements thereby
strengthening its economic resilience. The goal aims at laying a foundation for a
thriving and equitable community that can unlock the full potential of its
residents and contribute to the broader regional or national economic landscape.

Objective 2A
To lure investors to do business in Zvishavane town to boost
employment creation

Objective Justification
Attracting investments is a critical strategic priority for Zvishavane, as it holds
the potential to catalyze economic development and generate much needed job
opportunities for the residents. By creating an environment that is conducive to
investors, the town can unlock new avenues for growth and employment
generation, ultimately improving the livelihoods of its residents.

Policy 2.1
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

The Local Authority should seek funds to service land for industrial, commercial
and business purposes and strengthen Public Private Partnerships (PPP) that
already exist.

Proposal 1: The local authority shall ensure the availability of suitable

land for development in order to accommodate new businesses,
industries, and projects.
Land is a critical component in attracting investors and promoting economic
development in Zvishavane. As well iterated on Goal 1, the availability of
suitable land for development is essential in accommodating new businesses,
industries, and projects. Availability of serviced and the necessary infrastructure
such as road network, water, electricity and telecommunication services are key
in reducing the cost and the complexity of setting up new businesses, making
Zvishavane town a more sought-after destination for investors.

Proposal 2: to establish a revolving fund to service land for commercial,

industrial and all business purposes.
This enables the Local Authority to service land for business purposes,
leveraging revenue generated from sales to fund subsequent land development
projects while ensuring sustainable development practices.

Proposal 3: Land development partnership initiatives

To facilitate partnerships between the local authority, private developers, and
businesses to develop land for sustainable business purposes, promoting eco-
friendly practices and reducing the town’s environmental footprint.

Policy 2.2 Zvishavane Town Council to seriously invest in the rehabilitation of

both physical and social infrastructure in order to attract investors into the town

The ability of Zvishavane town to attract and retain investors is heavily

dependent on the quality and availability of its infrastructure, both physical and
social. The internal road network within the town is in dire need of attention and
improvement. Investing in the rehabilitation, expansion and modernization of the
road infrastructure will not only facilitate the seamless flow of traffic but also
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

enhance the town’s overall appeal to investors seeking a well-connected,

accessible location for their operations.

Similarly, the town’s sewer system requires substantial upgrades and expansion
to meet the demands of a growing population and a thriving business
community. By addressing these deficiencies through strategic investments in
sewer network upgrades, treatment facilities and maintenance, Zvishavane can
demonstrate its commitment to providing a clean, efficient, and functional utility
landscape, a key consideration for businesses seeking to establish or expand
their presence in the town.

In addition to these critical physical infrastructure needs, Zvishavane must also

address the social infrastructure requirements of its residents and the potential
investors.

Access to high quality and affordable healthcare facilities, educational

institutions and recreational amenities are also crucial in attracting and retaining
businesses in the town.

By investing in the development of and improvement of these social

infrastructure components, the town can demonstrate its commitment to
providing a well-rounded and attractive lifestyle for its residents and employees
of prospective investors, further enhancing its competitiveness in the investment
landscape.

Policy 2.3: The local Authority has to harness the existing and potential
economic activities to boost the economic base and reduce reliance on mining.

The economy of Zvishavane is dominated by service and retail sectors as also

already mentioned in the report of study. However, this existing economic
landscape can be harnessed and leveraged to benefit the local economy and
attract potential investors. By supporting the growth and expansion of the town’s
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

service providers, and retailers, the local authority can foster an environment
that caters to the needs of both the residents and the potential investors.

Mining activities being carried out outside the town boundary presents also a
unique opportunity to leverage the relationship between the mining industry and
the town’s economic landscape. The employees of Mimosa and Sabi mining
companies serve as a vital link between the town and the mining operations. The
employees who reside in Zvishavane town generate a substantial economic
activity by spending their earnings within the town’s service and retail sectors.

This symbiotic relationship can be further strengthened and harnessed to attract

additional investment into the town. The local authority can explore the
possibility of attracting mining supply and equipment manufacturers to establish
their operations in Zvishavane. By leveraging the town’s proximity to the mining
sites and the presence of a skilled workforce, the local authority can incentivize
these companies to set up their production facilities or regional distribution
centers within the town’s boundary. This can lead to the creation of additional
jobs and diversification of the town’s economic base.

Proposal 1: To attract more mining-related businesses to Zvishavane

The local authority should consider implement the following incentives:
• Offer subsidized or discounted land leases to companies that establish
their operations in these designated areas.
• Identify and designate specific zones or industrial parks within the
town’s boundary for the development of mining related businesses.
• Invest in the development of tailored infrastructure, such as access
roads, utility connections and logistics hub to cater for the needs of
mining support industries.
• Provide tax holidays or reduced tax rates for a specified period to
mining related businesses that set up operations in Zvishavane.
• Implement a streamlined and transparent tax administration processes
to make the town more business friendly.
• Review and simplify the administrative procedures for obtaining
permits, licenses, and approvals for mining-related businesses.
• Ensure transparent and predictable regulatory enforcement to provide
certainty to investors.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

• Regularly engage with mining companies to understand their specific

needs and challenges in operating within the region.
• Facilitate dialogues between the local authority, mining companies,
and other stakeholders to address concerns and align on development
priorities.
• Establish a dedicated investment promotion agency or unit to actively
market Zvishavane’s mining-related advantages to potential investors.

Proposal 2: Promote and sustain the economic benefits of the

university town effects in Zvishavane.
The influx of Midlands State University (MSU) students and staff during academic
semesters have a significant impact on the local economy. Businesses, especially
those in the service and retail sectors, experience a surge in demand for their
products and services, leading to increased sales, revenue, and employment
opportunities for local residents. The local authority should implement the
following strategies:

• Establish a formal partnership between Zvishavane Town Council and MSU

campus to facilitate regular dialogue and align on economic development
priorities
• Encourage MSU to source goods and services from local businesses, creating
a multiplier effect within the town’s economy.
• Encouraging the university to establish a fully-fledged campus in Zvishavane
in order to benefit from an expanded student population and demand and a
diversified academic programs and research which attracts more students
and faculty population.
• Identify and support the development of businesses that cater specifically to
the needs of the university community, such as student accommodation, food
and beverages establishments, bookstores, and recreational facilities.
• Work with the university administration to create a database of temporary or
seasonal job opportunities for local residents within the campus and its
affiliated organizations.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Policy 2.4. The local authority to have a public relations desk

Proposal 1: The local authority should seriously publicize its positive attributes
and attract new businesses and projects

There has been a surge in negative publicity about the local authority, which
could discourage potential businesses and investors. By actively promoting the
Council’s positive attributes, the local authority can counteract this negative
perception and create a more inviting environment for businesses and projects.

Policy 2.5: Zvishavane Town Council, in partnership with other suitable players,
must invest in capacity building and create an enabling environment to lure
investors into Zvishavane town.

Proposal 1: The skills and competences of the local authority staff must be
continuously upgraded to match the technological advancements transforming
business operations and service delivery.

Proposal 2: The council to liase with the Ministry of Higher and Tertiary
Education to establish a Poly-technic to act as a skills training Institution.

Proposal 3:
The Local Authority shall consider investing in programs like Whole of
Government and IRBM to widen skills base of its workforce.

Proposal 4:
Council offices should be equipped with suitable machinery, gadgets, and
equipment, as it enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of the local authority
in responding to the needs of potential investors.

The Local Authority’s ability to efficiently and effectively respond to the need of
the needs of the current and potential investors is critical in attracting new
businesses and projects in the region. Currently, the Council’s response times
and methods are inadequate, leading to missed opportunities and a negative
perception. By equipping the offices with modern machinery and gadgets, the
council will be able to deliver their mandate.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposal 5: Establish a modern and well-equipped civic centre with adequate

physical working space.
By establishing a modern civic centre, the Local Authority can:
1. Enhance service delivery.
A modern civic centre will provide adequate physical working space, enabling
the council to deliver efficient and effective services to the community.
2. Foster community engagement
The new civic centre will offer a welcoming and inclusive space for
community events, meetings and activities, promoting social cohesion and
community engagement.
3. Attract business and investment
A modern civic centre will project a positive image of the local authority,
attracting new businesses, investments and talent to the town.
4. Improve operational efficiency
The civic centre will be designed with efficiency in mind, reducing waste,
optimizing resource allocation.

Proposal 6: Zvishavane town council must be furnished with the necessary

operational equipment, such as vehicles, tipper trucks, refuse compactors
and any other equipment that is necessary to fulfil its mandate.

The Local Authority’s ability to effectively deliver its mandate is severely

hampered by the inadequate supply of operational equipment including vehicles,
tipper trucks, refuse compactors and other essential machinery. While the
authority does possess some of these assets, they are insufficient to meet the
daily demands of providing quality services to the community

Objective 2B
To facilitate and promote the growth of informal, micro, small and
medium businesses to create employment.

Objective justification
This objective is justified by the significant contribution these enterprises make
to the economy despite facing challenges such as limited access to finance,
training and infrastructure. Supporting their growth helps in unlocking their
potential to create jobs, stimulate innovation, and increase economic activity.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Policy2.6:
Zvishavane Town Council to develop a clear and enabling regulatory framework
for the informal sector, striking a balance between maintaining standards and
fostering a supportive environment.

Proposal 1: Gradual Taxation System

Small, medium and informal sector businesses often lack the financial resources
to comply with tax regulations. A gradual taxation system will introduce a
phased tax structure, allowing informal businesses to gradually increase their tax
contributions as their operations grow, making it more feasible for them to
formalize and comply with tax regulations.

Proposal 2: streamlined inspections and compliance

Small, medium and informal sector businesses often fear harassment and
extortion from regulatory authorities. Streamlined inspections and compliance
processes will reduce the frequency and intrusiveness of inspections, focusing on
education and support rather than punishment, and providing clear guidelines
and resources for compliance.

Policy 2.7: Zvishavane town Council must support the existing cooperatives and
associations that represents the informal sector to enhance their collective
bargaining power and access to resources.

Policy 3: The Local Authority to provide infrastructure support to new

and existing small, medium, emerging and informal sector business
activities

Proposal 3.1 Provide access to shared resources, such as incubators, co-

working spaces, and equipment, to reduce operational costs.

Small businesses and the informal sector often face significant operational
challenges, including limited access to resources and intense competition. To
address these challenges, the local authority can play a crucial role in providing
access to more shared resources such as incubators, co-working spaces, and
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

equipment, to reduce operational costs and foster a supportive business

environment.

Policy 4: The local authority must provide Regulatory support the new and
existing SMEs and the informal sector.

Proposal 1: Streamline regulations and simplify licensing processes to ease the

burden on these businesses.

Policy 5: The local authority, in collaborations with other relevant players, to

facilitate connections to markets, customers, and suppliers through trade fairs,
exhibitions and online platforms.

Policy 6: The local authority should actively involve representatives from the
informal sector, ensuring their perspectives and needs are incorporated into the
planning decisions.

Proposals 1: Participatory Planning Processes

The local authority can adopt a Participatory Planning Process that involves
informal sector representatives in the planning and decision-making process.
This process will ensure that informal sector perspectives and programs, leading
to more inclusive and effective decision-making.

Objective 2C:
To provide adequate land and space for informal operators, SMEs and
large businesses in Zvishavane town.

Objective justification
This objective to provide adequate land and space for informal operators, Small
and Medium Enterprises and large businesses in Zvishavane is justified by the
scarcity of and for commercial and light industry, which hinders business growth
and development. The mushrooming of informal and small enterprises, which
form the back-borne of the town’s economy, requires support and infrastructure
to formalize and expand. Serviced land is essential for attracting investments,
creating jobs, and stimulating economic growth. The availability of suitable and
affordable land for these small scale and informal operations is essential in
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

fostering an environment that supports entrepreneurship and economic

diversification.

Policy 1: Special attention to be given to acquiring land identified in the Master

Plan and zone it for industrial, commercial and business purposes.

Proposal 1: Local authority to establish clear zoning regulations, designating

areas for commercial, industrial and residential use.
Proposal 2: Land acquired for industrial, commercial and business purposes
shall be serviced by the Local Authority or jointly with the private sector.

Proposal 3: The Local Authority shall be encouraged to progressively take a

lead in servicing land for commercial, industrial and business purposes.

Policy 2: Sites for use by the informal sector shall be set aside in residential,
commercial and industrial areas and ensure strict enforcement to protect that
land from encroachment.

GOAL 3: To Provide Adequate and Appropriate Socio-Economic

Infrastructure to Meet the Needs and Ensure Access to Basic
Infrastructure and Services by All Residents in Zvishavane Town.

Explanation
This goal addresses issues relating to the provision of education, health and the
community needs. These issues are regarded crucial for the economic well-being
of the town’s residents. Zvishavane Town Council should work towards improving
the overall health and well-being of the town's population, addressing the unique
health needs and challenges, and ensuring equitable access to quality
healthcare services. Zvishavane Town Council should work towards improving
the overall health and well-being of the town's population, addressing the unique
health needs and challenges, and ensuring equitable access to quality
healthcare services. Libraries are a necessity in a growing town with over half of
its population considered to be youthful. Libraries should be located near
residential areas for easy accessibility. The population of the disabled and
handicapped is growing and the need to take this section and all future
developments should be designed with facilities for people with special needs.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Objective 3A: To provide comprehensive and adequate educational

facilities that meets the towns need up to end of plan period.

Policy 3.1. Provide adequate and appropriate educational facilities to meet the
district needs for pre- schooling, primary, secondary and tertiary education to
end of the plan period.

Proposal 1
Construct twelve more primary schools and additional classrooms and facilities
added to all the existing primary schools.

Proposal 2
The Local Authority shall adopt measures aimed at the maximum use of all
capital assets in both existing and new schools.

Proposal 3
Two more secondary schools shall be built during the plan period.

Proposal 4
All vacant land set aside for all school development shall be developed during
the plan period.

Proposal 5
Land set aside for Zvishavane Vocational Training Centre shall be developed.

Proposal 6
Ensure that all educational facilities have special needs facilities to cater for the
handicapped and disabled.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposal 7
Ensure the provision of a full capacity university in Zvishavane to meet the
needs of a young and growing population during the plan period.

Proposal 8
The local authority shall ensure that adequate public preschools are provided in
both high density and low-density areas

Proposal 9
The private sector shall continue to provide preschools in the residential areas.

Objective 3B: To ensure the provision of adequate health care facilities

and service that are up to standards

Policy 3.2: To provide the adequate health facilities and services that are
accessible to all as follows.

Proposal 1
Increase the coverage of health facilities and services in Zvishavane Town shall
by 50 percent.

Proposal 2
All vacant land set aside for public clinic should be developed during the plan
period.

Proposal 3
An additional of 40 beds shall be provided for the existing hospital and clinic.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposal 4
The current issue in shortage of drugs need to be rectified through efficient
procurement of drugs.

Proposal 5
The current cholera prevention campaign shall be strengthened by raising
awareness through campaigns.

Proposal 6
Ensure that essential health services are available and affordable for all
residents, regardless of socioeconomic status or geographic location within the
town.

Proposal 7
Improve access to comprehensive maternal and child healthcare services,
including prenatal care, delivery services, and postnatal support.

Proposal 8
The Mandava Clinic need to be extended and renovated.

Proposal 9
Environmental health care educational campaign shall be given priority status
and the Council shall ensure that adequate funds are provided for that purpose.

Proposal 10
Address high-risk pregnancies and promote safe motherhood through specialized
programs and interventions

Proposal 11
Enhance childhood immunization coverage and promote early childhood
development initiatives.
Proposal 12
Ensure that essential health services are available and affordable for all
residents, regardless of socioeconomic status or geographic location within the
town.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposal 13
Identify and address barriers to healthcare access, such as transportation,
language, or cultural barriers.

Proposal 14
Establish outreach programs and mobile clinics to reach the areas in the master
plan corridor and the mine areas.

Proposal 15
Provide affordable access to essential medications, medical devices, and
rehabilitation services.

Proposal 16
Implement community-based health education and self-management support
initiatives.

Proposal 17
Strengthen the capacity of the town's emergency medical services, including
ambulance services and trauma care.

Proposal 18
Ensure the availability of well-equipped and staffed healthcare facilities to handle
medical emergencies and provide critical care.

Proposal 19
Establish effective disaster preparedness and emergency response plans.

Proposal 20
Invest in the recruitment, training, and retention of qualified healthcare
professionals, including doctors, nurses, and allied health workers.

Objective 3C: To ensure that the town’s population has adequate and
affordable housing by the end of the plan period.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Policy 3.3: Mobilize land and other resources for housing in order to ensure that
households are housed in accordance with their financial ability, taste and
preferences.

Proposal 1
Service all land zoned for residential in the land use proposal map.

Proposal 2
All the old houses with inadequate sanitary facilities should be provided with
basic sanitary facilities in the short term of this plan

Proposal 3
Provide adequate serviced land for housing.

Proposal 4
Ensure that the form and design of new development promote vertical
expansions and sustainable.

Proposal 5
A variety of housing types ranging from flats, detached, semi-detached houses
from government, local authority built, private sector and non-governmental
built schemes shall be encouraged.

Proposal 6
Regenerate and upgrade houses in the old residential units of the town by
ensuring that every housing unit have internal sanitary services provided.

Proposal 7
Zvishavane town’s waiting list should be reduced by at least 300 stands per year
during the plan period.

Proposal 8
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Computerize housing waiting lists to facilitate quick and accurate updating. The
said lists must be crosschecked with the Registrar of Deeds in order to eliminate
those who already own private residential properties.

Proposal 9
Maintain and continuously improve both the functional, physical and visual well-
being and amenity of residential suburbs by insisting on high standards of
layout, architecture, landscaping and quality finishes taking into account
affordability indices.

Objective 3D: To provide adequate sports and recreational community

facilities and social services to the town’s residents.

Policy 3.4: All housing developments must be supported by ancillary social

amenities such as spaces for recreation, sport and leisure

Proposal 1
The local authority shall provide land for the development of skills-development
facilities to absorb school leavers and prepare them for work

Proposal 2
Cemeteries provided in the Shabani will be used during the plan period.

Proposal 3
Upgrade both Mandava and Maglas stadium to meet recommended standards

Proposal 4
Land is allocated for new community centers, two in the high-density areas.

Proposal 5
All community halls should be upgraded and renovated.

Proposal 6
Council shall develop stadiums on the existing sites.

Proposal 7
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Two new libraries shall be built during the plan period.

Proposal 8
Incorporate green spaces, walking and cycling paths, and other active mobility
infrastructure that encourages physical activity and healthy lifestyles.

Proposal 9
Prioritize the upgrade, renovation, and regular maintenance of these facilities to
ensure they are safe, well-equipped, and meet the evolving needs of the
community.

Proposal 10
Incorporate flexible spaces that can be adapted for different recreational,
educational, and cultural activities.

Proposal 11
Construct a centralized sports complex that can accommodate a variety of
indoor and outdoor sports, such as football, basketball, volleyball, athletics, and
swimming.

Proposal 12
Ensure the complex is accessible and inclusive, with features like wheelchair-
friendly access and adaptations for individuals with disabilities.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

GOAL 4. To Provide Adequate and Appropriate Public Utility Services

and Communication Infrastructure to all Residents and Developments in
Zvishavane Town

Explanation
This goal of the Master Plan elucidates on the proposals relating to the provision
of day-to-day public utilities such as water and its infrastructure, sewerage and
its reticulation and treatment infrastructure, electricity, solid waste collection
and management, and communication infrastructure such as road network and
provision of telecommunication services. The livability of an urban settlement,
among other things, depends on the extent to which public utilities and
communication services are provided to the inhabitants. In highly livable urban
settlements, high quality public utilities and communication services are
provided to the residents whenever they need them at an affordable cost.
Settlements with under provision of these services are considered not livable as
they fall short of gratifying the repertoire of human needs. Efficient provision of
public utilities is a pre-condition for the development of every local economy as
they attract investment which propel the economic growth of the town.

Objective 4A: To Ensure there is Provision of Sufficient Clean Water to

Meet the Demand from Residents and All Economic Sectors of
Zvishavane Town by the End of the Plan Period.

Justification
Sustainable Development Goal 6 seeks to ensure availability and sustainable
provision of water and sanitation for all. It has been highlighted in the Report of
Study that, the water supply situation in Zvishavane town is not pleasing and is
undermining the town’s liveability status as it is characterised by acute
shortages. The following are key justifications for improving the water supply
situation in Zvishavane town.
 Subdued capacity of treatment plant producing less than 15000 cubic
meters against the town’s daily demand of more than 25000 cubic meters
 Leaks from the reticulation infrastructure of about 30% non-revenue
water.
 Opaque water billing system because of old and outdated reading meters
 Water not reaching some houses because of clogging and decayed pipes
 Limited water stores due to limited water storage reservoirs
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

 Water pumping problems due to reliance of electricity from national grid

which is subjects to outages.

Policy 4.1: By the end of the plan period, the water situation of Zvishavane
should have improved to a point where;
a) There is adequate and sufficient supply of clean water to every household
and business premise in Town Council area and Shabani Mine area all the
time.
b) There is transparent water billing system for all residents and business people
c) The water reaches every household or business premise with required
pressure in peak periods and other times of the day.
d) There is 0% non-water revenue leaking from reticulation mains during
transmission.

Proposals for Improving Water Supply Situation in Zvishavane Town

Proposal 1: Constructing a New Water Treatment Plant

Zvishavane Town Council should partner with private and other public players in
constructing a new modern water treatment plant with capacity of producing at
least 60 mega liters of water a day in anticipation of population growth and a
boost in economic activity. This water treatment plant together with the
upgraded existing one, will be able to supply sufficient water to every planned
house and business premise in Town Council area and Shabani Mine area without
rationing.

Proposal 2: Rehabilitation of Water Reticulation Mains

Zvishavane Town together with willing private and other public players should
join hands in rehabilitating and upgrading water reticulation mains in residential,
commercial, industrial and institutional areas both in Town Council and Shabani
Mine areas. More focus should be given in removal old decayed pipes and
replace them with modern plastic pipes of corresponding diameter, installation of
water valves of different functionalities and installation of modern electricity and
solar powered water transmission smart pumps capable of pumping water even
to higher altitudes.

Proposal 3: Construction of More Water Reservoirs

Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Zvishavane Town Council and other stakeholders should construct and install
water collection reservoirs in at least every residential layout. The number and
size of reservoirs to be constructed or to be installed should be determined by
the number of residential, suburban commercial and institutional units in a
layout both in Town Council and Shabani Mine areas. Reservoirs should be also
installed to supply water in CBD, light and heavy industrial areas.

Other Proposals
 Resuscitating the old Runde River water treatment plant to supply water
to some sections of Zvishavane town.
 Pumping untreated raw water in a separate water main for non-domestic
uses in light industry and others
 Pump raw water from abandoned Shabani Mine Shaft for non-domestic
uses such as gardening and for lawn irrigation

Proposal 4: Installation of Smart Pre-Paid Water Meters

Pre-paid smart water meters should be installed at every house and business
premise in Zvishavane town. This will help in improving transparency in water
billing as well as improving water revenue collection by the Town Council.

Proposal 5: Compact Development

Going forward, promoting efficient use of land through higher density planning
and directing development towards existing communities will help improve the
water reticulation in Zvishavane town. It was proven that; it is less costly to
deliver urban utility services in compact cities compared to sprawled suburban
areas.

Objective 4B. To ensure that, every development in Zvishavane Town

has functional sewer reticulation system

Justification
The objective of ensuring that, all planned developments in Zvishavane town are
serviced by a vibrant and well functional sewerage system is consistent with the
objective of the New Urban Agenda which seeks to ensure everyone has access
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

to safe sanitation. Safe and high-quality sanitation methods contribute

immensely to the town’s environmental quality and its livability status.

It has been highlighted In the Report of Study that, the sanitation system of
Zvishavane town is in a bad state as it is characterized by failing and aged
reticulation mains subject to frequent bursts in many places across the town.
While the population has been growing since last 3 decades, there was limited
development of sewerage system to match the growing population. The capacity
of the existing sewerage reticulation system has been surpassed by the demand
of the grown population leading to bursts and spillages of raw waste water into
the environment. Key justifications from the Report of Study include the
following,

 In Shabani Mine settlements, most of the sewerage transmission pumps

are dysfunctional.
 In Shabani Mine high density settlements of Maglas and Nil, sewerage
reticulation mains are now close to inexistent due to degeneration and
vandalization by illegal gold panners.
 There are frequent sewer bursts in high density residential areas such as
Makwasha, Izayi Park, Highlands and Lot 4.
 More than 300 old housing units in high density settlements of Mandava,
Kandodo and Maglas are still using the communal toilets which are a
health hazard to the residents.
 The Mabula sewerage treatment plant is operating below capacity due to
aging of infrastructure.
 While the Four Miles sewerage treatment ponds are functioning fairly well,
their capacity will not sustain the growing population and urban
developments in Zvishavane town up to the end of plan period.

Policy 4.2: By the end of the plan period, the sewerage situation of Zvishavane
town should improve to a point where;
 Every planned development, house or other premises has sufficient and
high quality inside flash ablution facilities
 Every development, new or old is connected to a vibrant and highly
functional sewerage system
 There is zero raw waste water leaks or spillages into the environment
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

 There is zero usage of communal toilets

 No odor of raw waste water is sensed in any part or area in Zvishavane
town
 Waste water is thorough treated and reused for agricultural purposes

Proposals for Improving the Sewerage Situation in Zvishavane Town

Proposal 1: Removal of all Old Asbestos Made Sewer Pipes

The old sewerage system of Zvishavane town comprises of asbestos made pipes
which are now degenerating and causing spillages of raw water into the
environment before reaching treatment works. All asbestos made sewerage
pipes should be removed and replaced with new, modern and durable plastic
made pipes.

Proposal 2: Completely Abolish the Communal Toilets

The old system of communal toilets should be abolished. All planned houses and
other premises using communal toilets should have inside modern flash toilets
connected to vibrant and well functional sewerage reticulation system.

Proposal 3: Upgrade Sewerage Pipes in Old Suburbs and High-Density

Areas
Sewerage bursts in Zvishavane are being experienced mostly in old suburbs
such the Town Area low density, Mandava, Shabani Mine old high-density
suburbs of Kandodo, Maglas and Nil and recent high-density suburbs in the Town
Council area such as Makwasha, Izayi Park, Lot 4, Highlands and Lot 2. The
Council and other interested players should remove all bursting pipes and
replace them with modern and durable ones with increased diameter capable of
sustaining the densely populated areas.

Proposal 4: Install New and Modern Sewerage Transmission Pumps

All old and dysfunctional sewerage transmission pumps in both Shabani Mine and
Town Council area should be replaced with new and modern sewerage
transmission pumps powered by both electricity and solar energy.

Proposal 5: Upgrade the Mabula Treatment Works

Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

The Mabula sewerage treatment works should be upgraded. Another feeder tank
should be constructed to complement the existing one, so that more waste water
from the settlements is treated at a faster rate due to increased capacity. The
waste water should be treated by chemicals before being discharged.
Mechanisms should be put in place to reuse the water from sewerage treatment
works for agricultural purposes.

Proposal 6: Construct New Ponds

Given that, the population and economic activities of Zvishavane town are
expected to grow, new sewerage ponds of corresponding capacity should be
built. Land should be set aside for the construction of new sewerage treatment
ponds.

Proposal 7: Upgrade the Onsite Sewerage Septic Tanks

The heavy industry and Birthday low density suburb use onsite septic tanks as
sanitation methods. Constant checks of these septic tanks should be done to
ensure there are no environmental impacts being caused. More so, septic tanks
in Birthday were built a long time ago and there in need to rehabilitate and
upgrade the structures in line with the grown population.

Proposal 8: Compact Development

Going forward, promoting efficient use of land through higher density planning
and directing development towards existing communities will help improve the
sewer installation and reticulation in Zvishavane town. It was proven that; it is
less costly to deliver urban utility services in compact cities compared to
sprawled suburban areas.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Objective 4C: To ensure that there is sustainable solid waste

management that will keep Zvishavane Town Clean.

Justification
The Sustainable Development Goal 11 seeks to make cities and human
settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. One of the key ways of
making Zvishavane town safe, resilient and sustainable is to ensure that, there is
adequate and sustainable waste collection and management system that will
help keep the town clean. The following are key justifications for improving solid
waste collection and management as highlighted in the Report of Study.

 While refuse collection by the Town Council has improved, Shabani Mine is
performing badly due to lack of resources and this diminishes town’s
livability status.
 The littered refuse in residential areas, and other undesignated collection
points is not being collected.
 There are limited refuse bins for refuse disposal by the public in
commercial, industrial and other places that experience high volume of
human traffic.
 Zvishavane town disposes its solid waste at an open dumpsite in Mabula,
southeast of the CBD where some scavengers collect the sellable
recyclables such as plastics, aluminium cans, cardboard, and other
materials with commercial value. The remaining waste is incinerated at
the open dump site.

Policy 4.3: By the end of the plan period, the solid waste collection and
management system should be improved to a point where;
 There is equal solid waste collection and management in both Shabani
Mine settlements and Town Council area
 There is zero littering and residents have good solid waste disposal
behavior
 The solid waste disposal system is sustainable and have minimum damage
to the environment
 Zvishavane town is always kept clean
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposals for Improving Solid Waste Collection and Disposal in

Zvishavane Town

Proposal 1: Install Adequate Solid Waste Disposal Bins

Zvishavane Town Council shall ensure that, there is provision of adequate refuse
disposal bins in all areas that experience high volume of human traffic flows such
as the CBD, suburban commercial centers, light industry and recreational areas.
The availability of refuse bins helps people to improve their refuse disposal
behavior thereby always keeping Zvishavane town clean.

Proposal 2: Speed Up the Process of Handing Over Shabani Mine

Settlements to the Town Council
It has been highlighted that; Shabani Mine authorities are failing to deliver
services such as refuse collection effectively. In order to establish the one town
concept where all residents of Zvishavane town enjoy equal services, the Town
Council should take over administration and management of Shabani Mine
settlements and be the authority responsible for service delivery in these
settlements. This will help improve the refuse collection and management in
Shabani Mine settlements.

Proposal 3: Employ more personnel that handles litter in the Town

The Town Council should increase the number of workers who shall be deployed
for sweeping all the areas that experience high human traffic flow such as the
CBD, suburban commercial centers, industrial sites, recreational sites among
others on daily basis. Cleaning Zvishavane town on daily basis will help in
making the town safe, resilient and sustainable.

Proposal 4: Procure More Solid Waste Collection Compactors

Given that, the administration and management of Shabani Mine settlements
shall be handed over to the Town Council, the council should consider procuring
more solid waste compactors to cover the increased area of its jurisdiction. More
so, solid waste collection routines in residential areas should be increased to at
least twice a week.

Proposal 5: Do Community Clean Up Campaigns

Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Zvishavane Town Council, through the elected councilors and other community
leaders shall carryout community clean up campaigns at least once per month to
sweep all refuse littered in undesignated areas.

Proposal 6: Education and Campaigns

Zvishavane Town Council shall partner with other environmental protection
agencies or organizations in doing campaigns of educating the residents
including vendors on the importance of keeping the environment free from litter.
This will help the inhabitants to improve their refuse disposal behavior and take
it as their responsibility to keep Zvishavane town clean.

Proposal 7: Erection of a Proper Refuse Disposal Landfill

Zvishavane Town Council should consider erecting a proper landfill for solid
waste disposal and move away from open dumpsite system.

Objective 4D: To ensure that all the Developments in Zvishavane Town

have access to Smart Energy and Telecommunication Services by the
End of the Plan Period.

Justification
In this 21st century, cities and towns cannot thrive without energy and
telecommunication services. Energy and telecommunication services are key to
the day-to-day operations of the various economic sectors of the town.
Availability of reliable energy source and telecommunication infrastructure are
key determinants of investment decisions. The Report of Study has highlighted
that, the three mobile network providers in Zimbabwe which are Econet, Netone
and Telecel are also active in Zvishavane town. The following are key
justifications from the Report of Study.
 Hillview has limited coverage due to undulating topography.
 Most high-density houses in Zvishavane town are not connected to Wi-Fi
network.
 Electricity from the national grid is the major source of energy in the town
as is subject to frequent power cuts.
 About three hundred new houses in Izayi Park, are yet to be connected to
electricity.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

 The water pump station and sewerage transmission pumps depend on

national grid electricity as sole energy source and during blackouts, the
pumps stop to function.

Policy 4.4: By the end of plan period, the energy and telecommunication
situation of Zvishavane town should be improved to a point where;
 At least 60% of residential houses will be connected to reliable and smart
Wi-Fi network
 All parts of Zvishavane town will have full mobile network coverage
 At least 70% of the residential houses in Zvishavane will be using a
reliable combination of national grid electricity and smart solar energy

Proposals for Improving Telecommunication and Smart Energy Situation

in Zvishavane Town

Proposal 1: Embrace Smart Wi-Fi Network

In May 2024, Zimbabwean government has registered Star Link, an American
based network provider to operate in Zimbabwe. Star Link network connects
from space orbit and does not need any physical infrastructure. The Council and
other public and private agencies should encourage individuals, families and
business people in Zvishavane town to purchase this and other Wi-Fi kits and
install at their homes and business premises and they will have unlimited and
reliable network at a low cost.

Proposal 2: Placement of Mobile Network Boosters in Areas with Limited

Coverage
The Town Council shall liaise with mobile network providers to install network
boosters and ensure that all areas currently with limited mobile network
coverage such as parts of Hillview are sufficiently covered.

Proposal 3: Construct a Solar Farm

Zvishavane Town council shall consider to construct a solar farm that will help
generate electricity for the residents of Zvishavane and widen its revenue base.

Proposal 4: Onsite Solar Installations

Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Campaigns should be made at council level to educate and encourage residents

to adopt onsite solar energy whether for business or for home consumption.
Individuals and business people should consider to purchase solar panels and
install at their homes and business premises.

Objective 4E: To Provide an Adequate and High-Quality Road Network

Capable of handling efficient Human and Vehicular Traffic Flows in all
Parts of Zvishavane town

Justification
Aim to achieve an efficient traffic flow and resolve likely conflicts between
vehicles and vehicular/pedestrian traffic movement by adopting and
incorporating up-to-date traffic management techniques.

Policy 1: Upgrade all substandard roads as a development standard in order to

improve quality of roads as well as to reduce maintenance costs

Proposal 1
Upgrade reservations on all out and in-bound national roads from the current 31-
metre roads to 70 meters.

Proposal 2
Improve the road markings and signage for national and local roads

Proposal 3
Upgrade and rehabilitate the road network so as to access all part of the town as
well as encourage economic development which is sustainable through

Proposal 4
Develop a comprehensive network of shaded, and well-lit pedestrian pathways
and bicycle lanes within the CBD, encouraging residents and workers to walk or
cycle for short trips.

Proposal 5
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Priority should be given for the upgrade of Slater Road and Duke Street to meet
the above condition. Traffic from Bulawayo and Masvingo will use Duke Street
into Slater Road and into Masvingo road vice versa.

Proposal 6
Traffic from Gweru may turn into Lot 2 at Platinum Park and proceed to Lot 4 and
Masvingo road vice versa.

Proposal 7
Provide for different modes of transportation that are complementary

Proposal 8
Limit the use pf private vehicle in the interest of public transport to manage
traffic and promote people-friendly environment.

Proposal 9
Identify and reserve sites for parking of heavy goods vehicles (HGVS) in
Zvishavane

Policy 2: To decongest the one-way Central Business District (CBD) of

Zvishavane Town, the master plan will consider the following:
a) Strictly enforce parking regulations within the CBD, including time limits,
pricing, and penalties for illegal parking, to discourage the use of private
vehicles and free up road space.
b) Work with employers and businesses within the CBD to promote
telecommuting, flexible work hours, and staggered shifts, thereby
reducing the concentration of commuter traffic during peak hours.
c) Implement intelligent traffic management systems, including smart traffic
signals, variable message signs, and real-time traffic monitoring, to
optimize the flow of vehicles within the CBD.
d) Implement vehicle restriction measures, such as time-based access
controls or entry permits, to limit the number of private vehicles entering
the CBD during peak hours.
e) Introduce, expand the coverage and frequency of the public bus system,
ensuring that it efficiently connects the CBD with residential areas and
other key destinations.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

f) The proposed transportation network must deliberately favor public

transportation.
g) Introduce a bus rapid transit (BRT) system within the CBD to provide high-
capacity, priority-based public transportation.

GOAL 5: To Ensure that, there is Balance between Urban

Development and Environmental Sustainability
Explanation

This goal of the Master Plan seeks to protect the integrity of the natural
environment in Zvishavane town guarding it against potential harmful activities.
In Zimbabwe, the Environmental Management Act Chapter 20:27 is a legal
framework that provides for the sustainable management of natural resources
and protection of the environment and the prevention of pollution and
environmental degradation. The Report of Study has indicated that, there has
been a significant environmental degradation in Zvishavane town due to
anthropogenic activities such as illegal gold panning, poor planning of housing
developments, bursting of sewage effluent into the environment, sand mining,
littering, carbon emissions, deforestation, poor road construction and others.
Human beings and animals completely depend on the natural environment on
day-to-day life sustaining services such as water, clean air, stable climate, food
and the degradation of the environment put human life at risk and reduce the
livability status of the town.

Objective 5A: To Guard Against all Forms of Land Pollution in

Zvishavane Town

Justification

Land or lithosphere is an important part of the environment that should be

protected from all forms of degradation. In towns and other urban settlements,
land is a scarce resource and is on demand for the development of several
competing land uses. Threats to the integrity of land or lithosphere in
Zvishavane town include gold panning, asbestos mining pits, sand mining
activities, cutting down of trees, solid waste dumping and others.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Policy 5.1: By the end of the plan period, land pollution should be reduced to a
point where;

 All land in Zvishavane town should be fit for economic use for which it was
zoned for.
 There is zero existence of solid waste in undesignated dumpsites
 There are no gold panning and sand mining pits left uncovered on the land
within the Master Plan boundary of Zvishavane town.
 No gullies are left uncovered on the land within the Master Plan boundary
of the town

Proposals for Reducing Land Degradation in Zvishavane Town

Proposal 1: Environmental Impact Assessment for All Development

Projects

Zvishavane Town Council together with the Environmental Management Agency

(EMA) shall carryout environment impact assessment on all development
projects that shall be done within the Master Plan Boundary of the town. All
projects that cause more harm to the environment shall not be approved. Buffers
of at least 80 meters from the existing streams or rivers or wetlands shall be
observed in siting all development projects.

Proposal 2: Enforcement of Bylaws for All Illegal Gold Panners and Sand
Miners

The Town Council and the Zimbabwe Republic Police should enforce the By-laws
and mining laws to stop the proliferation of illegal gold panners and illegal sand
miners within the Master Plan boundary of the town. The enforcement will stop
the formation of pits on the land zoned for development. The town council shall
carryout a task of covering all pits left by illegal miners and do a rehabilitation
exercise on rills and gullies caused by soil erosion.

Proposal 3: Liaise with Shabani Mine to Cover its Mining Pits

Zvishavane Town Council shall liaise with Shabani Mine and find the best way on
how they can fill up the big open pits left by the Minig Company in Birthday,
Hillview and other parts of Shabani Mine. Residues from asbestos mining can be
utilized in filling up these big pits.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposal 4: Enforcement of Bylaws for illegal Dumping of Solid Waste

Zvishavane Town Council shall enforce the by-laws for illegal dumping of solid
waste. Law enforcement together with education and campaigns on improving
the refuse disposal behavior by residents will help reduce land degradation in the
town.

Proposal 5: Planting of Trees in Deforested Areas

The Town Council and other stakeholders shall plant trees in areas where there
was excessive cutting down of trees to pave way for developments. These areas
include Izayi Park, Lot 4, Council Park and parts of Mandava. Planting of trees can
be done on the national tree planting day or through other council programs.
Going forward, the Town Council shall regulate the site clearance to minimize the
cutting down of trees by the land developers.

Objective 5B: To Ensure that All Wetlands, Water Bodies Both Surface
and Underground are protected and are Free from Pollution by the End
of Plan Period

Justification
The Environmental Management Act Chapter 20:27 provides for the protection of
water bodies such as rivers, streams, wetlands and ground water stores. In
Zvishavane town, identified threats to the integrity of existing water bodies
include raw sewerage effluent, dangerous mining chemicals, siltation, poor
planning of housing developments among others.

Policy 5.2: Zvishavane Town Council and other key stakeholders to reduce the
pollution and degradation of water bodies to a point where;

 All existing water bodies surface and ground will be safe from sewage
effluent and dangerous mining chemicals
 The remaining wetlands and water bodies will be protected from
encroachment by developments
 Siltation of existing water bodies will be a thing of the past
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposals for the Reducing Pollution and Degradation of Water Bodies

in Zvishavane

Proposal 1: Observe Buffers from Existing Water Bodies

Zvishavane Town Council shall observe a buffer of at least 80 meters from the
existing stream or wetland when siting new developments. This will end the
encroachment of existing water bodies such as what happened in Izayi Park
where some houses were built in a wetland.

Proposal 2: Treat the Sewage effluent from the Ponds and Treatment
Plant
Before disposing the waste water from sewerage ponds and sewerage treatment
plan, the Town Council shall thoroughly treat the effluent with recommended
chemicals to stop contamination of water bodies and outbreak of diseases in the
downstream. The Council should consider reusing the water from the ponds and
treatment plant for irrigation of plants and stop disposing it into the existing
streams.

Proposal 3: Regulate the Use of Chemicals by Miners

The Council and other responsible authorities shall regulate the use of dangerous
mining chemicals such as cyanide by registered miners with mining claims within
the Master Plan boundary. Regulation of mining activities will help in reducing
the contamination of water bodies by dangerous mining chemicals which cause
the death of aquatic, domestic and wild animals in the downstream.

Proposal 4: Fix All Broken Sewerage Reticulation Mains

The Town Council shall fix all failing sewerage reticulation mains that are leaking
the raw waste water into the environment before reaching the sewerage
treatment sites. This will help reduce the pollution of water streams and
wetlands within Zvishavane town by sewerage effluent.

Proposal 5: Build Culverts and Storm Drains on Roads

Zvishavane town shall construct the culverts and proper storm drains on roads in
Izayi Park and others areas to stop soil erosion on gravel roads with the soils
being washed away to nearby streams and rivers causing siltation. Going
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

forward, Zvishavane Town Council shall regulate road construction by private

land developers

Goal 6. To transform Zvishavane Town Council into a strong institution

empowered by residents and other stakeholders so that it pro-actively
respond to the needs and problems of residents of the town

Explanation
Zvishavane can foster a more inclusive, transparent, and collaborative approach
to urban management, empowering residents as active partners in shaping the
town's future. Engaging residents in the management and development of
Zvishavane is crucial for ensuring the long-term sustainability and success of the
town's growth. Zvishavane can build the necessary institutional capacity,
strengthen public participation, and foster collaborative governance, ultimately
enhancing the town's ability to manage its growth and development in a
sustainable and inclusive manner.

The challenges that council will face during the plan period are considerable and
the policies of the plan can only be achieved through the effective involvement
of the local community as the major stakeholders. To secure such arrangement,
the council must commit itself to operating in a strategic, transparent and
accountable manner, enhance its management and planning capacity, increase
its financial resources and facilitate public participation.

Policy 6.1: To widen the Town’s financial base in order to generate

adequate resources to meet capital and recurrent expenditures arising
from the proposals of this Master Plan

Proposal 1
Seek to improve its debt collection system so as to improve its cash flow.

Proposal 2
Streamline some of its functions through restructuring, of the department to
make them efficient.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposal 3
Review local taxes fees and licenses to bring them in line with inflation as well as
identifying new sources of renew after monitoring revenue collection levels.

Proposal 4
Attract investment through the provision of both social and physical
infrastructure.

Proposal 5
Ensure efficient tax collection systems by strengthening revenue collection
departments and implementing effective tax administration procedures.

Proposal 6
Regularly review and update local tax and license policies, taking into account
the economic realities and the capacity of the local population to pay.

Proposal 7
Improve transparency and accountability in tax collection, ensuring that revenue
generated is used for the development and betterment of the Town.

Policy 6.2: To promote Good Governance in Zvishavane town where no

one or no place is left behind through:
Proposal 1
Promote the use of data-driven decision-making and evidence-based
policymaking to inform the town's development strategies.

Proposal 2
Establish formal channels and platforms for citizens to provide feedback, voice
their concerns, and contribute to the decision-making process on matters related
to Zvishavane's development.

Proposal 3
Organize town hall meetings, public forums, and community workshops to
facilitate open dialogues between the Council and residents

Proposal 4
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Leverage digital tools and social media to enable broader citizen engagement,
such as online surveys, feedback portals, and crowdsourcing platforms

Proposal 5
Encourage the formation of new community-based initiatives and grassroots
groups that can contribute to the co-creation and co-management of local
projects and services.

Proposal 6
Involve residents in the early stages of the planning and decision-making
processes, from the identification of development priorities to the design and
implementation of projects.

Proposal 7
Implement participatory budgeting mechanisms that allow citizens to directly
contribute to the allocation of municipal resources and the selection of
community-based initiatives.
Proposal 8
Ensure that the planning and budgeting processes are transparent and
accessible, with clear communication channels and feedback mechanisms.

Proposal 9
Encourage the use of grievance addressing systems and public reporting
platforms that enable residents to voice their concerns and hold local officials
accountable.

Proposal 10
Provide opportunities for municipal officials to exchange best practices and learn
from the experiences of other successful local governments, either through study
tours or collaborative partnerships.

Proposal 11
Facilitate the formation of collaborative partnerships between the local
government, community-based organizations, and the private sector to jointly
address local challenges and implement development initiatives.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposal 12
Invest in community-led initiatives and grassroots organizations that can
empower residents to become active agents of change within their
neighborhoods.

Proposal 13
Ensure that the participation processes are inclusive and accessible, catering to
the diverse needs and constraints of different community groups

Policy 6.3: To ensure that, the town council has adequate and well-
educated staff with requisite professional and technical skills to
manage the existing and new developments during the plan period.

Proposal 1
That management of council and councilors have access to training and capacity
building programs relevant to strategic corporate planning.

Proposal 2
The council use this Master Plan as the basis for a long-term strategic plan for
the district.

Proposal 3
The council should have a strategic plan that will be used to guide spending
priorities and action programme.

Proposal 4
That council and officials assume responsibility for policies, decisions and actions

Proposal 5
That council create a mechanism for the public to participate on the
implementation of the master plan.

Proposal 6
Council in partnership with the private sector and the public meet regularly to
monitor implementation progress.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

Proposal 7
Council should create an appropriately manned one stop office for rapidly
dealing with, processing advising and publicizing issues contained in the master
plan and any strategic plan prepared for the district.

Proposal 8
Provide training programs and capacity-building initiatives for community
leaders, committee members, and residents.

Proposal 9
Enhance their understanding of the local development plan, their roles and
responsibilities, and relevant development processes.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

CHAPTER 5.0 PROGRAMMING AND IMPLEMENTATION

4.1.1 Managing the Master Plan

It has already been stated that Zvishavane Town Master Plan is a starting point
for a continuous process of planning and management. It is not a blue print but a
guide and framework for future development of the town. It is framed in such a
way that it is able to respond to changing circumstances and uncertainties
regarding the availability of financial resources, skills and actions required during
implementation. Apart from the central government much of the development is
expected to rely on the Local Authority, private sector, Non-Governmental
Organizations, community-based organizations and donors. However, the role of
NGOs, donors and community-based organizations is uncertain and therefore it is
not much anticipated in the implementation of the Master Plan.

5.1.2 Zvishavane Town Council

The Council representing the people of Zvishavane are the owners of the Master
Plan and will seek to ensure the development will take place in accordance with
the vision, goals, objective and policies of the plan. The council itself is expected
to provide a much wider range of services in land, physical, social and economic
infrastructure as well as managing open spaces and the environment. To meet
the aspirations of the town’s population, Council will have to make serious efforts
to secure the required resources to provide this infrastructure.

The sources of financial resources are limited and the Central Government and
Zvishavane Town residents have been major providers. Apart from funds from
Central Government and local residents, going forward, the Council should look
for income generating projects, the private sector, the Non-Governmental
Organizations and the donor community to widen its capacity in implementing
the Master Plan. It must also play a public relations role of making the town’s
population aware of the need to generate funds locally for local development
projects.

Council will also have to be creative in the way it initiates the policies and
programs of the Master Plan. An appropriate organizational culture will have to
be established in order to harness widespread resources within the town and its
hinterland. To succeed, Council will have to work corporately and cooperatively.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

5.1.3 The Private Sector

The private sector in Zvishavane Town has considerable resources in terms of
finance, man power skills and development experience that can form a vital
component in the implementation of the Master Plan.

Although the sector has not played a significant role in public planning in the
past, the sector was closely consulted during the preparation of the Master Plan
and a number of useful suggestions were put forward by this sector which were
included in the proposals. This bodes well for the future of the town and for the
implementation of the Master Plan. The private sector can be expected to play a
role, albeit, a leading one in providing or contributing capital for infrastructural
development such as housing and other community assets. It can also contribute
through providing specialist advice, equipment and other resources to the local
authority, community organizations, the unemployed, small businesses and the
informal sector, to help build the community-oriented programme, promote
entrepreneurial skills and to develop the small business sector. The private
sector involvement and participation in the discussions leading to this Master
Plan is a pointer to possible cooperation between the local authority and the
sector.

5.1.4 Central Government

While the present emphasis is on decentralizing from the central to local
government, Central Government Departments will continue to play a key role in
the development of the town, in as far as the projects of national nature are
concerned. Thus, national roads, bridges, prisons, hospitals and technical
colleges will remain the responsibility of the Central Government.

In addition, the Central Government Departments in the town are expected to:
• Provide policy guidance from national and provincial executives, both in
terms of overall planning and development and for specific service provision
sectors
• Provide early and strong support from any new projects contained in the
Master Plan initiated by the district.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

• Provide technical expertise to the town as is done by the Provincial

Department of Spatial Planning until such time as a council is in position to
have its own technical staff.
• Participate in town development committee meetings which are concerned
with development of Zvishavane.
• Articulate the town’s views and aspirations to the provincial development
committee so that these are incorporated in the province’s plan for future
growth.

5.1.5 Non–Governmental Organizations

The NGO sector which is already well established, will continue to concentrate its
efforts in the town, oriented towards the alleviation of poverty through programs
such as sexual health reproduction awareness and promotion, basic skills
training, local capacity building and community development. The Council must
enter into partnership with the NGOs so that their projects and programs are
properly coordinated and are supportive of similar projects being implemented
by the government and other agencies. NGOs have been consulted and
participated in making proposals contained in the Master Plan, it follows that
they would be expected to re orientate their projects so that they fit into the
Master Plan.

5.1.6 Community-Based Organizations

Community-Based Organizations are important as the vehicle through which
public participation and consultation in the implementation of the Master Plan
will be carried out. CBOs will be strengthened and given more responsibility for
projects that require self-help enterprise and provide benefits to the local area.
They should also be given responsibilities for social and welfare programs such
as sports and recreation, arts and culture. Their primary role however, should be
seen as spearheading local development initiatives for the betterment of
community living.

5.2 Master Plan Priorities- the Role of Corporate Planning

The Master Plan accepts future uncertainty as a major constraint and this has
influenced the council’s approach to strategic planning in terms of the nature,
and emphasis of the Master Plan and the way the Plan has been prepared. The
Plan has been prepared to be as flexible as possible. Its thrust is to deal with
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement

existing and anticipated problems incrementally and as resources become

available.

Because of limited resources and uncertainty, the Town Council will have to
prioritize actions to implement the plan on the basis of a Corporate Planning. The
Corporate planning will take the Master Plan and all other plans of the council
and develop key priority areas. Annual plans will be prepared to determine
action for the year and to ensure an objective-led approach to council work.
Budgets will be determined by Action Plans.

The Executive Committee of the Council will be responsible for adopting a long-
term corporate plan and from it, establish Annual Plans. The Master Plan sets out
a range of policies, some of which are process oriented. The Executive
Committee will need to consider these as it draws up its programs of action. The
provision of the Objective of Performance Indicators in the Master Plan will assist
the Council to develop concrete action plans.

5.3 Monitoring
The local authority shall create a vehicle for monitoring the Zvishavane Master
Plan. This should ideally be a multi-stakeholder team of professionals as well as
representatives of key stakeholder groups such as business and residents. This
team should meet once a quarter to review implementation progress and
recommend to the local authority, areas requiring attention. The team will also
organize five-year review conferences. This team may also be granted powers to
mobilize resources for some projects in public interest. The specific terms of
reference of this team will be approved by the local authority. One of the first
assignments of this team is to identify any gaps between the master plan
intentions and day to day developments and prepare tools to address such gaps
including bridging the gap between the master plan goals and the usual local
plan detail. A consultant may assist coordinate this team.
Zvishavane Town Master Plan Draft Written Statement