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Carbon and Its Compounds L-3 - Class 10

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52 views23 pages

Carbon and Its Compounds L-3 - Class 10

Uploaded by

sabarikrishn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Let’s Revise first

The table shows the electronic configuration of four elements.

Element Electronic configuration

P 2,6

Q 2,8,1

R 2,8,7

S 2,8, 8

Identify which element (s) will form covalent bonds with carbon.
Let’s Revise first

The table shows the electronic configuration of four elements.


The element P and R will form
Element Electronic configuration covalent bond with carbon
because both the elements are
P 2,6 electronegative in nature and
share their electrons with carbon
Q 2,8,1 to complete their octet.
While element Q (2,8,1) is an
electropositive element (metal)
R 2,8,7 and element S (2,8,8) in stable
due to complete octet in valence
S 2,8, 8 shell. Hence they do not form
covalent bond with C.

Identify which element (s) will form covalent bonds with carbon.
PROPERTIES
OF COVALENT
COMPOUNDS
Properties of Covalent Compounds

Weak intermolecular
forces of attraction

Cl H Cl H

Low melting and Generally liquid or


boiling points gaseous at room temp.
Properties of Covalent Compounds

Poor conductors
of electricity
Ex: Pure H2O
(no free ions)
Versatile
nature of
carbon
Carbon and its compounds | Class 10

Versatile nature of carbon

Tetravalency Catenation

C
Carbon and its compounds | Class 10

Tetravalency C
Forms strong bonds with mono-valent, divalent
and also trivalent atoms

H O N
Carbon and its compounds | Class 10

Catenation

The self linking property of an element mainly carbon atom


through covalent bonds to form long straight, branched and
rings of different sizes are called catenation.
This property is due to
● The small size of the carbon atom.
● The great strength of the carbon-carbon bond
Carbon and its compounds | Class 10

Catenation in Carbon
Carbon and its compounds | Class 10

Allotropes of carbon
Carbon and its compounds | Class 10

Allotropes

Allotropes are different structural form of the same element

Allotropes have different physical property

Different arrangement of same element

Allotropes have same chemical property

Made from atoms of same element


Carbon and its compounds | Class 10
Allotropes of carbon
Graphite Diamond
Can you tell third
allotrope of
carbon ?
C-60 Buckminsterfullerene
S
Now can you tell, why
graphite is a good
conductor of
electricity and
diamond is not.
Carbon and its compounds | Class 10

Why graphite is a good conductor of electricity and diamond is not ?

Graphite Diamond

Each carbon is Each carbon is


bonded to bonded to four
three other other carbon
carbon atoms atoms

Presence of No free
free electrons electrons

Conducts Do not conduct


electricity electricity
Carbon and its compounds | Class 10
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