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1918779744-Measurement of Earth Resistance Using Megger

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LOVA REDDY DWARAMPUDI
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987 views3 pages

1918779744-Measurement of Earth Resistance Using Megger

Uploaded by

LOVA REDDY DWARAMPUDI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Circuit Diagram:-

Observation Table: -

S.No Distance Resistance


MEASUREMENT OF EARTH RESISTANCE USING MEGGER
Aim:- To measure the earth resistance.
Apparatus Required: -
Sl No Name of Equipment Quantity
1 Megger 1
2 Spikes 3
3 Connecting wires -

Theory: -
All the electrical installations and appliances should be earthed properly for ensuring
human safety. A separate wire, known as earth wire runs along the supply line and is connected
to the ground through an earth electrode. The total resistance of the earthing system should be
small so that in the event of any fault, the fault current is sufficiently high to blow off the fuse.
The earth resistance is the resistance offered by the soil and the electrode to the flow of earth
leakage current, which will flow in case of earth fault only.
The earth tester is a special type of ohmmeter which sends ac through earth and dc
through the measuring instruments as shown in Fig. The direction of flow of current in the
ground keeps on alternating due to current reverse whereas current directions in the two
reverser and potential reverser are mounted on the main shaft of hand driven dc generator.
The working principle of an earth tester is identical to that of megger. There are two
moving coil viz. potential and current coil, which are deflected in the magnetic field of a
permanent magnet. The hand driven generator or a set of batteries supply power to these coils.
It has four terminals P1, E1, P2 and E2. Terminals P1 and E1 are shorted to form a common
point which is connected to the earth electrode under test. The other two terminals E2 and P2
are connected to the auxiliary electrode A and B respectively. The value of earth resistance is
indicated directly on the scale when the test button is pressed.
The value of earth resistance depends upon the soil condition and its moisture contents.
In hilly areas the earth resistance is higher if electrodes are not place properly in contact with
the earth. Water content in the soil decreased the earth resistance. The normal value of earth
resistance should lie between 1 to 2Ω.
Procedure: -
1. Connect the earth tester as shown.
2. Switch ON the earth tester.
3. Adjust the resistance range button between 10Ω to 1000Ω and set to 10Ω.
4. Change the position of electrode B by 1m on the either side and observe the earth
resistance by pressing the test button.
5. Draw the graph and find Earth Resistance.

Result: -
Viva Questions: -
1. What is a megger?
2. How does a Megger work?
3. What is the resistance of Earthpit?
4. Why earth resistance is low?

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