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Chapter 1 Introduction To Management and Organizations

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Chapter 1 Introduction To Management and Organizations

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y88mfk72qd
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CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION TO
MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATIONS
Lecturer: Dr. Ong Quoc Cuong
Learning Outline

Who Are Managers?


• Explain how managers differ from non-managerial
employees.
• Describe how to classify managers in organizations.
What Is Management?
• Define management.
• Explain why efficiency and effectiveness are
important to management.
Learning Outline

What Do Managers Do?


• Describe the four functions of management.
• Explain Mintzberg’s managerial roles.
• Describe Katz’s three essential managerial skills and
how the importance of these skills changes depending
on managerial level.
What Is An Organization?
• Describe the characteristics of an organization.
• Explain how the concept of an organization is changing
Learning Outline

Why Study Management?


• Explain the universality of management concept.
• Discuss why an understanding of management is
important.
• Describe the rewards and challenges of being a
manager.
Who Are Managers?

• Manager
– Someone who coordinates and oversees the work of
other people so that organizational goals can be
accomplished.
Classifying Managers

• First-line Managers
– Individuals who manage the work of non-managerial
employees who typically are involved with producing
the organization’s products or servicing the
organization’s customers.
– These managers often have titles such as supervisors
or even shift managers, district managers, department
managers, or office managers.
Classifying Managers

• Middle Managers
– Individuals who manage the work of first-line
managers and can be found between the lowest and
top levels of the organization.
– They may have titles such as regional manager,
project leader, store manager, or division manager.
Classifying Managers

• Top Managers
– Individuals who are responsible for making
organization-wide decisions and establishing plans
and goals that affect the entire organization.
– These individuals typically have titles such as
executive vice president, president, managing
director, chief operating officer, or chief executive
officer.
What Is Management?

• Management involves coordinating and


overseeing the work activities of others so that
their activities are completed efficiently and
effectively.
Exhibit 1–1 Managerial Levels
Managerial Concerns

• Efficiency: “Doing things right”, or getting the


most output from the least amount of inputs.
• Effectiveness: “Doing the right things”, or doing
those work activities that will result in achieving
goals
Exhibit 1–2 Effectiveness and Efficiency
in Management
What Do Managers Do?

• Functional Approach
– Planning: defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve
goals, developing plans to integrate and coordinate
activities.
– Organizing: arranging and structuring work to accomplish
organizational goals.
– Leading: working with and through people to accomplish
goals.
– Controlling: monitoring, comparing, and correcting work
performance.
Exhibit 1–3 Management Functions
What Do Managers Do?

• Management Roles Approach (Mintzberg)


– Interpersonal roles
• Figurehead, leader, liaison
– Informational roles
• Monitor, disseminator, spokesperson
– Decisional roles
• Entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource
allocator, negotiator
What Managers Actually Do (Mintzberg)

• Interaction
– with others
– with the organization
– with the external context
of the organization
• Reflection
– thoughtful thinking
• Action
– practical doing
What Do Managers Do?

• Skills Approach
– Technical skills
• Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field
– Human skills
• The ability to work well with other people individually
and in a group
– Conceptual skills
• The ability to think and conceptualize about abstract
and complex situations concerning the organization
Exhibit 1–4 Skills Needed at
Different Management Levels
What Is An Organization?

• An Organization Defined
– A deliberate arrangement of people to accomplish
some specific purpose (that individuals independently
could not accomplish alone).
• Common Characteristics of Organizations
– Have a distinct purpose (goal)
– Composed of people
– Have a deliberate structure
Exhibit 1–5 Characteristics of Organizations
Exhibit 1–5 The Changing Organization
Why Study Management?

• The Value of Studying Management


– The universality of management
• Good management is needed in all organizations.
– The reality of work
• Employees either manage or are managed.
– Rewards and challenges of being a manager
• Management offers challenging, exciting and creative
opportunities for meaningful and fulfilling work.
• Successful managers receive significant monetary
rewards for their efforts.
Exhibit 1–6 Universal Need for Management
Exhibit 1–7 Rewards and Challenges
of Being A Manager
The end

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