SAMPLE QUESTION PAPER [SECTION – A] (16x1=16 marks)

PHYSICS
Subject Code – 042 Q1. A uniform electric field pointing in positive X-direction exists in a region. Let A be the origin, B be the
point on the X-axis at x = +1 cm and C be the point on the Y-axis at y = +1 cm. Then the potential at
CLASS – XII
points A, B and C satisfy.
Academic Session 2024 – 25
(A) VA < VB (B) VA > VB. (C) VA < VC (D) VA > VC

Maximum Marks: 70 Time Allowed: 3 hours

Q2. A conducting wire connects two charged conducting spheres of radii r1 and r2 such that they attain
General Instructions equilibrium with respect to each other. The distance of separation between the two spheres is very large
as compared to either of their radii.

The ratio of the magnitudes of the electric fields at the surfaces of the spheres of radii r1 and r2 is
(1) There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
𝑟 𝑟2 𝑟2 2 𝑟1 2
(2) This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E. (A) 𝑟1 (B) (C) (D)
2 𝑟1 𝑟1 2 𝑟2 2

(3) All the sections are compulsory.

(4) Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark
Q3. A long straight wire of circular cross section of radius ҅a᾿ carries a steady current I. The current is
each, Section B contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of
uniformly distributed across its cross section. The ratio of magnitudes of the magnetic field at a point
three marks each, Section D contains two case study-based questions of four marks each and
a/2 above the surface of wire to that of a point a/2 below its surface is
Section E contains three long answer questions of five marks each.
(A) 4:1 (B) 1:1 (C) 4: 3 (D) 3 :4
(5) There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in one question in Section
B, one question in Section C, one question in each CBQ in Section D and all three questions in Q4. The diffraction effect can be observed in
Section E. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions. (A) sound waves only (B) light waves only
(6) Use of calculators is not allowed. (C) ultrasonic waves only (D) sound waves as well as light waves
(7) You may use the following values of physical constants where ever necessary
i. c = 3 x 108 m/s Q5. A capacitor consists of two parallel plates, with an area of cross-section of 0.001 m2, separated by a
-31
ii. me = 9.1 x10 kg distance of 0.0001 m. If the voltage across the plates varies at the rate of 108 V/s, then the value of
-27
iii. mp = 1.7 x10 kg displacement current through the capacitor is

iv. e = 1.6 x 10-19 C (A) 8.85 × 10−3 𝐴 (B) 8.85 × 10−4 𝐴 (C) 7.85 × 10−3 𝐴 (D) 9.85 × 10−3 𝐴
v. µ0 = 4π x 10-7 T m 𝑨−𝟏
vi. h = 6.63 x10-34 J s Q6. In a series LCR circuit, the voltage across the resistance, capacitance and inductance is 10 V each. If
the capacitance is short circuited the voltage across the inductance will be
vii. ε0 = 8.854 x10-12 𝑪𝟐 𝑵−𝟏 𝒎−𝟐
viii. Avogadro’s number = 6.023 X 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟑 per gram mole (A) 10 V (B) 10√2 V (C) 10/√2 V (D) 20 V
Q7. Correct match of column I with column II is (A) –0.4% (B) +0.8% (C) +0.4% (D) +0.2%

C-l (waves) C-ll (Production)

For Questions 13 to 16, two statements are given –one labelled Assertion (A) and other labelled
(1) Infra-red P . Rapid vibration of electrons in aerials
Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the options as given below.
(2) Radio Q . Electrons in atoms emit light when they move from higher to
A. If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion.
lower energy level.
B. If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion.
(3) Light R . Klystron valve C. If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(4) Microwave S . Vibration of atoms and molecules D. If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Q13. Assertion (A): On increasing the current sensitivity of a galvanometer by increasing the number of
turns may not necessarily increase its voltage sensitivity.
(A) 1-P, 2-R, 3-S, 4-Q (B) 1-S, 2-P, 3-O, 4-R
Reason(R) : The resistance of the coil of the galvanometer increases on increasing the number of
(C) 1-Q, 2-P, 3-S, 4-R (D) 1-S. 2-R, 3-P, 4-Q
turns.

Q8. The distance of closest approach of an alpha particle is d when it moves with a speed V towards a Q14. Assertion (A): In a hydrogen atom there is only one electron but its emission spectrum shows many
nucleus. lines.

Another alpha particle is projected with higher energy such that the new distance of the closest Reason (R): In a given sample of hydrogen there are many atoms each containing one electron;

approach is d/2. What is the speed of projection of the alpha particle in this case? hence many electrons in different atoms may be in different orbits so many transitions from higher
to lower orbits are possible.
(A) V /2 (B) √2 V (C) 2 V (D) 4 V

Q15. Assertion (A): Nuclei having mass number about 60 are least stable..
Q9. A point object is placed at the centre of a glass sphere of radius 6 cm and refractive index 1.5. The Reason (R): When two or more light nuclei are combined into a heavier nucleus then the binding
distance of virtual image from the surface of the sphere is energy per nucleon will decrease.

(A) 2 cm (B) 4 cm (C) 6 cm (D) 12 cm Q16. Assertion (A): de Broglie's wavelength of a freely falling body keeps decreasing with time.

Q10. Colours observed on a CD (Compact Disk) is due to Reason (R): The momentum of the freely falling body increases with time.

(A) Reflection (B) Diffraction (C) Dispersion (D) Absorption

[SECTION – B] (05x2=10 marks)

Q11. The number of electrons made available for conduction by dopant atoms depends strongly upon
Q17. A platinum surface having work function 5.63 eV is illuminated by a monochromatic source of 1.6
(A) doping level (B) increase in ambient temperature
x 10 15 Hz. What will be the minimum wavelength associated with the ejected electron.
(C) energy gap (D) options (A) and (B) both

Q12. If copper wire is stretched to make its radius decrease by 0.1%, then the percentage change in its
resistance is approximately
 Q18. (I) A beam of light consisting of two wavelengths, 4000 Å and 6000 Å, is used to obtain (ii) Nuclear Fusion.
interference fringes in a Young’s double-slit experiment. What is the least distance from the Justify your answer.
central maximum where the dark fringe is obtained?

OR
(II) In Young’s double-slit experiment using monochromatic light of wavelength λ, the intensities
of two sources are I. What is the intensity of light at a point where path difference between
wavefronts is λ/4?

Q19. P and Q are two identical charged particles each of mass 4 × 10–26 kg and charge 4.8 × 10–19 C,
each moving with the same speed of 2.4 × 105 m/s as shown in the figure. The two particles are
equidistant (0.5 m) from the vertical Y -axis. At some instant, a magnetic field B is switched on so
that the two particles undergo head-on collision.
(for V.I. Candidates)

Binding energy per nucleon and mass number of the following nuclei are given in the below table

Nuclei Binding energy per nucleon (MeV) Mass number

W 7.5 190
X 8.0 90
Find – Y 8.5 60
(I) the direction of the magnetic field and
Z 5.0 30
(II) the magnitude of the magnetic field applied in the region.
Identify which of the following nuclei is most likely to undergo
(i) Nuclear Fission
(for VI candidates) (ii) Nuclear Fusion.

A proton is moving with speed of 2 x 105 m s–1 enters a uniform magnetic field B = 1.5 T. At the Justify your answer.

entry velocity vector makes an angle of 30° to the direction of the magnetic field. Calculate
(a) the pitch of helical path described by the charge Q21. A cylindrical conductor of length l and cross-section area A is connected to a DC source. Under the

(b) Kinetic energy after completing half of the circle. influence of electric field set up due to source, the free electrons begin to drift in the opposite direction
of the electric field.

Q.20. Binding energy per nucleon vs mass number curve for nuclei is shown in the figure. W, X, Y and Z (I) Draw the curve showing the dependency of drift velocity on relaxation time.
are four nuclei indicated on the curve. Identify which of the following nuclei is most likely to undergo
(i) Nuclear Fission
 (II) If the DC source is replaced by a source whose current changes its magnitude with time such (for V.I. Candidates)
that I = Io sin 2πνt , where ν is the frequency of variation of current, then determine the average drift A Cassegrain telescope is built with an arrangement of two mirrors placing them 20 mm apart. If the radius
velocity of the free electrons over one complete cycle. of curvature of the large mirror is 200mm and the small mirror is 150mm, where will the final image of an
[SECTION – C ] (07x3=21 marks) object at infinity be?

Q22. (I) Identify the circuit elements X and Y as shown in the given block diagram and draw the output
Q25. (I) Draw the energy band diagram for P-type semiconductor at (i) T=0K and (ii) room temperature.
waveforms of X and Y.
(II)In the given diagram considering an ideal diode, in which condition will the bulb glow
(a) when the switch is open
(b) when the switch is closed
Justify your answer.

(II) If the centre tapping is shifted towards Diode D1 as shown in the diagram, draw the output
waveform of the given circuit.

(for V.I. Candidates)

Explain briefly how

(i) barrier potential is formed in p-n junction diode.

(ii) Width of depletion region of the diode is affected when it is (a) forward biased, (b) reverse
biased.

Q26. A boy is holding a smooth, hollow and non-conducting pipe vertically with charged spherical ball of
(for V.I. candidates)
mass 10 g carrying a charge of +10 mC inside it which is free to move along the axis of the pipe.
Which device is used to convert AC into DC. State it’s underlying principle and explain its working. If
The boy is moving the pipe from East to West direction in the presence of magnetic field of 2T. With
the frequency of input AC to this device is 60 Hz, then what will be frequency of the output of this
what minimum velocity, should the boy move the pipe such that the ball does not move along the
device.
axis. Also determine the direction of the magnetic field.

Q23. Find the expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor of plate area A and plate separation Q27. A light ray entering a right-angled prism undergoes refraction at the face AC as shown in Fig. 1.
d when (I) a dielectric slab of thickness t and (II) a metallic slab of thickness t, where (t < d) are
(I) What is the refractive index of the material of the prism in
introduced one by one between the plates of the capacitor. In which case would the capacitance be
Fig. 1?
more and why?

Q24. (I) Draw a ray diagram for the formation of image by a Cassegrain telescope.
(II)Why these types of telescopes are preferred over refracting type telescopes. (Write 2 points)
 2 perpendicular to both vo and B ,as shown in the figure. This force continuously deflects the
(II) (a) If the side AC of the above prism is now surrounded by a liquid of refractive index , as
3 particle sideways without changing its speed and the particle will move along a circle
shown in Fig. 2, determine if the light ray continues to graze along the interface AC or undergoes perpendicular to the field. The time required for one revolution of the electron is To
total internal reflection or undergoes refraction into the liquid.

(b) Draw the ray diagram to represent the path followed by the incident ray with the corresponding (i) If the speed of the electron is now doubled to 2vo. The radius of the circle will change to
angle values.
(A) 4ro (B) 2 ro (C) ro (D) ro/2
√2
(Given, 𝑠𝑖𝑛−1 ( ) °
= 54.6 )
√3 (ii) If v = 2vo, then the time required for one revolution of the electron (To ) will change to

(A) 4 To (B) 2 To (C) To (D) To/2

(for V.I. candidates)
(iii) A charged particle is projected in a magnetic field B = (2 i + 4 j) X 102 T . The acceleration of the
A ray of light is incident on an equilateral prism at an angle 3/4 th of the angle of the prism. If the ray
particle is found to be a = ( x i + 2 j ) m/s2 . Find the value of x.
passes symmetrically through the prism, find the (a) angle of minimum deviation, and (b) refractive index
of the material of the prism. (A) 4 ms-2 (B) -4 ms-2 (C) -2 ms-2 (D) 2 ms-2

(iv) If the given electron has a velocity not perpendicular to B, then trajectory of the electron is
Q28. (I) State Gauss᾿s theorem in electrostatics. Using this theorem, derive an expression for the electric
field due to an infinitely long straight wire of linear charge density . (A) straight line (B) circular (C) helical (D) zig-zag
OR
OR
(II) (a) Define electric flux and write its SI unit.
If this electron of charge (e) is moving parallel to uniform magnetic field with constant velocity v, the
(b) Use Gauss᾿s law to obtain the expression for the electric field due to a uniformly charged force acting on the electron is
infinite plane sheet of charge.
(A) Bev (B) Be/v (C) B/ev (D) Zero
[SECTION D] (02x4=08 marks)
Q30. Case Study Based Question: Photoelectric effect
Q29. Case Study Based Question: Motion of Charge in Magnetic Field
It is the phenomenon of emission of electrons from a metallic surface when light of a suitable frequency
An electron with speed vo << c moves in a circle of radius ro in a uniform magnetic field. This is incident on it. The emitted electrons are called photoelectrons.
electron is able to traverse a circular path as the magnetic force acting on the electron is
 Nearly all metals exhibit this effect with ultraviolet light but alkali metals like lithium, sodium, OR
potassium, cesium etc. show this effect even with visible light. It is an instantaneous process i.e.
The minimum energy required to remove an electron from a substance is called its
photoelectrons are emitted as soon as the light is incident on the metal surface. The number of
photoelectrons emitted per second is directly proportional to the intensity of the incident radiation. The (A) work function (B) kinetic energy (C) stopping potential (D) potential energy
maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted from a given metal surface is independent of
the intensity of the incident light and depends only on the frequency of the incident light. For a given
[SECTION E] (03X5=15)
metal surface there is a certain minimum value of the frequency of the incident light below which
emission of photoelectrons does not occur.
Q31. (I) a) Write two limitations of ohm’s law. Plot their I-V characteristics.
(I) In a photoelectric experiment plate current is plotted against anode potential.
b) A heating element connected across a battery of 100 V having an internal resistance of 1 Ω
draws an initial current of 10 A at room temperature 20.0 °C which settles after a few seconds to a
steady value. What is the power consumed by battery itself after the steady temperature of 320.0 °C
is attained? Temperature coefficient of resistance averaged over the temperature range involved is
3.70 × 10–4 °C–1.

OR
(A) A and B will have same intensities while B and C will have different frequencies
(B) B and C will have different intensities while A and B will have different frequencies (II) a) Using Kirchhoff'᾿s laws obtain the equation of the balanced state in Wheatstone bridge.
(C) A and B will have different intensities while B and C will have equal frequencies
b) A wire of uniform cross-section and resistance of 12 ohm is bent in the shape of circle as
(D) B and C will have equal intensities while A and B will have same frequencies.
shown in the figure. A resistance of 10 ohms is connected to diametrically opposite ends C
and D. A battery of emf 8V is connected between A and B. Determine the current flowing
(II) Photoelectrons are emitted when a zinc plate is through arm AD.

(A) Heated (B) hammered

(C) Irradiated by ultraviolet light (D) subjected to a high pressure

(III) The threshold frequency for photoelectric effect on sodium corresponds to a wavelength of 500 nm.
Its work function is about

(A) 4x10−19 J (B) 1 J (C) 2x10−19 J (D) 3x10−19 J

(IV) The maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted from a surface when photons of energy 6 eV
fall on it is 4 eV. The stopping potential is
(for V.I. Candidates)
(A) 2 V (B) 4 V (C) 6 V (D) 10 V
(II) a) Using Kirchhoff'᾿s laws obtain the equation of the balanced state in Wheatstone bridge.
 b) What do you understand by ‘sensitivity of Wheatstone bridge’ ? How the sensitivity of wheatstone
bridge can be increased?

Q32. (I) Explain briefly, with the help of a labelled diagram, the basic principle of the working of an a.c.
generator. In an a.c. generator, coil of N turns and area A is rotated at an angular velocity ω in a
uniform magnetic field B. Derive an expression for the instantaneous value of the emf induced
in coil. What is the source of energy generation in this device?

OR

(II) a) With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a device which changes a low ac voltage
into a high voltage . Deduce the expression for the ratio of secondary voltage to the primary
voltage in terms of the ratio of the number of turns of primary and secondary winding. For an
ideal transformer, obtain the ratio of primary and secondary currents in terms of the ratio of
the voltages in the secondary and primary coils.

b) Write any two sources of the energy losses which occur in actual transformers.

c) A step-up transformer converts a low input voltage into a high output voltage. Does it violate
law of conservation of energy? Explain.

Q33. (I) a) A giant refracting telescope at an observatory has an objective lens of focal length 15 m. If an
eyepiece of focal length 1.0 cm is used, what is angular magnification of the telescope in
normal adjustment?

b) If this telescope is used to view the moon, what is the diameter of the image of the moon formed
by the objective lens? The diameter of the moon is 3.48 × 106 m, and the radius of lunar orbit
is 3.8 × 108 m.

OR

(II) A compound microscope consists of an objective lens of focal length 2.0 cm and an eyepiece of
focal length 6.25 cm separated by a distance of 15 cm. How far from the objective should an object
be placed in order to obtain the final image at

a) the least distance of distinct vision (25 cm) and

b) infinity? What is the magnifying power of the microscope in each case?