MODULE 3: THE WEB AND THE INTERNET • HTML/Portals.

Internet - information superhighway, to access Disadvantages

information over the web. • Read only web
• Limited user interaction
Lesson 1: The Web • Lack of standards
The Web (World Wide Web) consists of
information organized into Web pages B. Web 2.0 (Read-write interactive web)
containing text and graphic images. The world - New generation of Web services and
wide web is larger collection of interconnected applications with an increasing emphasis on
documents or content. It contains hypertext human collaboration.
links, or highlighted keywords and images that
lead to related information. A collection of • It is a platform that gives users the possibility
linked Web pages that has a common theme or (liberty) to control their data.
focus is called a Web site. The main page that all • This is about user-generated content and the
of the pages on a particular Web site are read-write web.
organized around and link back to is called the • People are consuming as well as contributing
site’s home page. information through blogs or sites.
• Allows the user to interact with the page
Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee (TimBL)
known as DYNAMIC PAGE; instead of just
- An English engineer and computer scientist
reading a page, the user may be able to
best known as the inventor of the World Wide
comment or create a user account. Dynamic
Web.
page refers to the web pages that are affected
- Professorial Fellow of Computer Science at the
by user input or preference.
University of Oxford and a professor at the
• Is focused on the ability for people to
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
collaborate and share information online via
social media, blogging and Web-based
A. Web 1.0 (Read Only Static Web)
communities.
It is an old internet that only allows people to
read from the internet. First stage worldwide
Example of Web 2.0 are the following:
linking web pages and hyperlink.
A. Social Networking - is the use of Internet-
• Most read only web. If focused on company’s
based social media sites to stay connected with
home pages.
friends, family, colleagues, customers, or clients.
• Dividing the world wide web into usable
Social networking can have a social purpose, a
directories
business purpose, or both, through sites such
• It means web is use as “Information Portal”
as:
• It started with the simple idea “put content
Facebook Twitter
together”
LinkedIn Google+
Pinterest Tumblr
Example of Web 1.0
Instagram Page
• Mp3.com
• Home Page
B. Blogs - is a discussion or informational
• Directories
website published on the world wide
• Page Views
web consisting of discrete, often informal diary- User Participation – the owner of website is not
style text entries (posts). Posts are typically the only one who is able to put content. Others
displayed in reverse chronological order, so that are able to place a content on their own by
the most recent post appears first, at the top means of comments, reviews, and evaluation.
of the web page.
Long Tail – services are offered on demand
rather than on a one-time purchase. This is
Example:
synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that
WordPress Blogger Tumbler charges you for the amount of time you spent
on Internet or a data plan that charges you for
C. Wikis - is a hypertext publication the amount of bandwidth you used.
collaboratively edited and managed by its own
C. Web 3.0: (Read-write intelligent web)
audience directly using a web browser. A
• Suggested name by John Markoff of the New
typical wiki contains multiple pages for the
York Times for the third generation of the web.
subjects or scope of the project and may be
either open to the public or limited to use • In this generation, all the application on web
within an organization for maintaining its or mobile will be upgraded with more features.
internal knowledge base. It applies same principles as Web 2.0: two-way
interaction.
Example:
Wikipedia Wikibooks Wikiversity • Web 3.0 will be more connected, open, and
Commons Wiktionary Wikiquote intelligent, with semantic web technologies,
Wikivoyage Wikidata Wikinews distributed databases, natural language
Wikispecies MediaWiki processing, machine learning, machine
reasoning and autonomous agents.
D. Video Sharing Sites - a website that lets • Semantic Web - provides a framework that
people upload and share their video clips with allows data to be shared and reuse to deliver
the public at large or to invited guests. web content specifically targeting the user.

Example: • It is a web of data.

Youtube Facebook LinkedIn • Changing the web into a language that can be
Flickr Photobucket LinkedIn read and categorized by the system rather than
Flickr Photobucket Twitter humans.
Veoh Dailymotion VimeoPRO
Myspace.com Metacafe Types of websites:

Key Features of Web 2.0: eCommerce Website - is a website people can

directly buy products from you’ve probably
Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and used a number of eCommerce websites before,
classify/arrange information using freely chosen most big brands and plenty of smaller ones have
keywords (e.g. tagging). one.
Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is
responsive to user’s input. An example would
be a website that shows local content.
Business Website - is any website that’s
devoted to representing a specific business. Personal Website - Not all websites exist to
make money in some way or another. Many
Entertainment Website - If you think about
people find value in creating personal websites
your internet browsing habits, you can probably
to put their own thoughts out into the world.
think of a few websites that you visit purely for
entertainment purposes. Web Portal - are often websites designed for
internal purposes at a business, organization, or
Portfolio Website - are sites devoted to showing
institution. They collect information in different
examples of past work. Service providers who
formats from different sources into one place to
want to show potential clients the quality of the
make all relevant information accessible to the
work they provide can use a portfolio website to
people who need to see it.
collect some of the best samples of past work
they’ve done. Wiki or Community Forum Website - A wiki is
any website where various users are able to
Media Website - collect news stories or other
collaborate on content and all make their own
reporting. There’s some overlap here with
tweaks and changes as they see fit. There are
entertainment websites, but media websites are
wikis for fan communities, for business
more likely to include reported pieces in
resources, and for collecting valuable
addition to or instead of content meant purely
information sources.
for entertainment.

Brochure Website - are a simplified form of Lesson 2: The Internet

business websites. For businesses that know
they need an online presence, but don’t want to The Internet or “net” (network of network) is
invest a lot into it (maybe you’re confident you’ll the largest computer network in the world that
continue to get most of your business from connects billions of computer user. The word
other sources), a simple brochure site that internet comes from combination between
includes just a few pages that lay out the basics “interconnection” and “network”. Network is a
of what you do and provide contact information collection of computers and devices connected
may be enough for you. via communication channels and transmission
media allow to share resources (hardware,
Nonprofit Website - A nonprofit website is the software, data, information). Generally, nobody
easiest way for many potential donors to make owns the internet.
donations and will be the first place many
people look to learn more about a nonprofit A. Brief History of Internet
and determine if they want to support it. ARPA – Advanced Research Project Agency
Educational Website - The websites of January 2, 1969 – started an experimental
educational institutions and those offering computer network. Concept – No server, but
online courses fall into the category of equal importance/participation to every
educational websites. computer in the network. Even if, one or two
nodes destroyed that will now affect the
Infopreneur Website - websites overlap a bit network. In 1982 the word internet started.
with business and eCommerce websites, but 1986 – First “free net” created in Case Western
they represent a unique type of online business. Reserve University 1991: US government
allowed business agencies to connect to
internet. Now all people can connect to the
internet and improve their life and work quality. Example of browsers: Google chrome, safari,
The internet support various aspects in our life. internet explorer, opera, Mozilla
Vinton Gray Cerf ForMemRS is an American
4. Domain Name System (DNS) – is the
Internet pioneer and is recognized as one of
phonebook of internet. We access information
"the fathers of the Internet", sharing this title
online through domain names.
with TCP/IP co-developer Bob Kahn.
Example of DNS: www.facebook.com,
B. Major Components of the Internet www.pup.edu.ph,www.academia.edu
1. Servers – is a computer program that
provides service to another computer program
and its user.

Types of Servers

Application Server – a program in computer

that provides the business logic for an
application program. 5. Internet Service Provide (ISP) – is an
Web Server – a computer program that serves organization that provides services for
requested HTML pages or files. accessing, using or participating in the internet.

Proxy Server – is a software that acts as an Two types of ISP:

intermediary between an endpoint device, such National ISP – provided internet access to a
as computer and another server from which a specific geographic area.
user is requesting.
Regional ISP – business that provides internet
Mail Server – is an application that receives access in cities and towns nationwide.
incoming e-mail from local users and remote
senders and forward outgoing e-mail for Example of ISP: Sky Broadband, PLDT, Converge
delivery C. Uses of Internet
File Server – is a computer responsible for • Look for information
central storage and management of data files so • School works, jobs, and home purposes
that another computer on the same network • Send and receive electronic mail
can access them. • Video teleconferencing (video call, video chat)
Policy Server – is a security component of a • Buy and sell product
policy – based network that provides • Social networking
authorization services and facilities tracking and • Watch & post videos
control of files. • Games
• Take college courses
2. IP Address (Internet Protocol) – is a • Monitor home while away
numerical label assigned to each device. This • Financial transactions
provides identity to a network device. • Download music and movies
3. Browser – is an application program that
provides a way to look information on the web.
 • HTTP - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer
D. Internet Terms and Definition Protocol, the data communication standard of
web pages. When a web page has this prefix,
• Internet - A global network of thousands of
the links, text, and pictures should work
computer networks linked by data lines and
correctly in a web browser.
wireless systems.
• HTTPS - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer
• Web – a collection of billions of webpages
Protocol Secure. This indicates that the web
that you can view with a web browser.
page has a special layer of encryption added to
hide your personal information and
• Email – the most common method of sending
passwords from others.
and receiving messages online
• Router or router-modem combination - is the
• social media – websites and apps that allow hardware device that acts as the traffic cop for
people to share comments, photos, and videos network signals arriving at your home or
business from your ISP. A router can be wired or
• Online gaming – games that allow people to wireless or both.
play with and against each other over the
• Encryption - is the mathematical scrambling
Internet
of data so that it is hidden from eavesdroppers.
Encryption uses complex math formulas to turn
• Software updates – operating system and
private data into meaningless gobbledygook
application updates can typically downloaded
that only trusted readers can unscramble.
from the Internet
• Web Bot - A term that applies to
• HTML - Hypertext Markup Language is a
programs/applets (macros and intelligent
coding language used to tell a browser how to
agents) used on the Internet. Such bots perform
place pictures, text, multimedia and links to
a repetitive function, such as posting messages
create a web page. When a user clicks on a link
to multiple newsgroups or doing searches for
within a web page, that link, which is coded
information.
with HTML, links the user to a specific linked
web page. • Search Engine - specialized software, such as
Google and Yahoo, that lets www browser users
• URL - Uniform Resource Locator is a web
search for information on the web by using
address used to connect to a remote resource
keywords, phrases.
on the world wide web.

• Bit - is a single digit in the binary numbering

system (base 2). For example: 1 is a bit or 0 is
a bit.

• Byte - generally consists of eight bits.

• Upload - To upload is to transfer data from

your computer to another computer.

• Download - To download is to transfer data

from another computer to your computer.