THE WEB AND

INTERNET
by Group 2
 Lesson 1: The Web
The Web (World Wide Web) consists of information organized into Web pages containing
text and graphic images. The world wide web is larger collection of interconnected
documents or content. It contains hypertext links, or highlighted keywords and images that
lead to related information. A collection of linked Web pages that has a common theme or
focus is called a Web site. The main page that all of the pages on a particular Web site are
organized around and link back to is called the site’s home page.

Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee OM KBE FRS FREng

FRSA FBCS, also known as TimBL, is an English
engineer and computer scientist best known as the
inventor of the World Wide Web.

He is a Professorial Fellow of Computer Science at the

University of Oxford and a professor at the
Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
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 A. Web 1.0 (Read Only Static Web)
It is an old internet that only allows people to read from the internet. First stage worldwide linking
web pages and hyperlink. Web is use as “information portal”. It uses table to positions and align
elements on page.

• Most read only web. If focused on company’s home pages.

• Dividing the world wide web into usable directories
• It means web is use as “Information Portal”
• It started with the simple idea “put content together”

Disadvantages: Example of Web 1.0:

• Mp3.com
• Read only web
• Home Page
• Limited user interaction
• Directories
• Lack of standards
• Page Views
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 Home page

MP3.com
 B. Web 2.0 (Read-write interactive web)

A term used to describe a new generation of Web services and applications with an
increasing emphasis on human collaboration.

• It is a platform that gives users the possibility (liberty) to control their data.
• This is about user-generated content and the read-write web.
• People are consuming as well as contributing information through blogs or sites.
• Allows the user to interact with the page known as DYNAMIC PAGE; instead of just
reading a page, the user may be able to comment or create a user account.
Dynamic page refers to the web pages that are affected by user input or
preference.
• Is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online via
social media, blogging and Web-based communities.
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 Example of Web 2.0 are the following:

A. Social Networking - is the use of B. Blogs - is a discussion or

Internet-based social media sites to stay informational website published on the
connected with friends, family, world wide web consisting of discrete,
colleagues, customers, or clients. Social often informal diary-style text entries
networking can have a social purpose, a (posts).
business purpose, or both, through sites
such as: Posts are typically displayed in reverse
• Facebook
chronological order, so that the most
• Twitter
recent post appears first, at the top of the
• LinkedIn
web page.
• Google+ • Wordpress
• Pinterest • Blogger
• Tumblr • Tumbler
• Instagram
• Page
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Tumblr Wordpress
 Example of Web 2.0 are the following:

C. Wikis - is a hypertext publication D. Video Sharing Sites - a website that lets

collaboratively edited and managed by its people upload and share their video clips with
own audience directly using a web the public at large or to invited guests.
browser. • Youtube
• Wikipedia • Facebook
• Wikibooks • LinkedIn
• Wikiversity • Flickr

• Commons • Photobucket
• LinkedIn
• Wiktionary
• Flickr
• Wikiquote
• Photobucket
• Wikivoyage
• Twitter
• Wikidata • Veoh
• Wikinews • Dailymotion
• Wikispecies • VimeoPRO
• MediaWiki • Myspace.com
• Metacafe
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 Key Features of Web 2.0:

• Folksonomy – allows users to categorize and classify/arrange information using freely

chosen keywords (e.g. tagging).

• Rich User Interface – content is dynamic and is responsive to user’s input. An example
would be a website that shows local content.

• User Participation – the owner of website is not the only one who is able to put
content. Others are able to place a content on their own by means of comments,
reviews, and evaluation.

• Long Tail – services are offered on demand rather than on a one-time purchase. This is
synonymous to subscribing to a data plan that charges you for the amount of time you
spent on Internet or a data plan that charges you for the amount of bandwidth you
used.
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 C. Web 3.0: (Read-write intelligent web)

• Suggested name by John Markoff of the New York Times for the third
generation of the web.
• In this generation, all the application on web or mobile will be upgraded
with more features. It applies same principles as Web 2.0: two-way
interaction.
• Web 3.0 will be more connected, open, and intelligent, with semantic
web technologies, distributed databases, natural language processing,
machine learning, machine reasoning and autonomous agents.
• Semantic Web - provides a framework that allows data to be shared and
reuse to deliver web content specifically targeting the user.
• It is a web of data.
• Changing the web into a language that can be read and categorized by

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 Types of websites:

eCommerce Website
is a website people can directly buy products from you’ve probably used a
number of eCommerce websites before, most big brands and plenty of smaller ones have
one. Any website that includes a shopping cart and a way for you to provide credit card
information to make a purchase falls into this category.

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 Types of websites:

Business Website
is any website that’s devoted to representing a specific business. It should be
branded like the business (the same logo and positioning) and communicate the types of products
and/or services the business offers.

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 Types of websites:

Entertainment Website

If you think about your internet browsing habits, you can probably think of a
few websites that you visit purely for entertainment purposes.

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 Types of websites:

Portfolio Website

are sites devoted to showing examples of past work. Service providers who
want to show potential clients the quality of the work they provide can use a portfolio
website to collect some of the best samples of past work they’ve done. This type of
website is simpler to build than a business website and more focused on a particular
task: collecting work samples.

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 Types of websites:

Media Website

collect news stories or other reporting.

There’s some overlap here with
entertainment websites, but media websites
are more likely to include reported pieces
in addition to or instead of content meant
purely for entertainment.

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 Types of websites:

Brochure Website

are a simplified form of business websites. For businesses that know they
need an online presence, but don’t want to invest a lot into it (maybe you’re confident
you’ll continue to get most of your business from other sources), a simple brochure
site that includes just a few pages that lay out the basics of what you do and provide
contact information may be enough for you.
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 Types of websites:

Nonprofit Website

In the same way that businesses need

websites to be their online presence,
nonprofits do as well.

A nonprofit website is the easiest way for

many potential donors to make donations
and will be the first place many people look
to learn more about a nonprofit and
determine if they want to support it.

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 Types of websites:

Educational Website

The websites of educational institutions and

those offering online courses fall
into the category of educational websites.
These websites have the primary goal of
either providing educational materials to
visitors or providing information on an
educational institution to them.

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 Types of websites:

Infopreneur Website

websites overlap a bit with business and eCommerce websites, but they
represent a unique type of online business. Infopreneurs create and sell information
products. That could be in the form of courses, tutorials, videos or eBooks.

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 Types of websites:

Personal Website

Not all websites exist to make money in some way or another. Many people
find value in creating personal websites to put their own thoughts out into the world.
This category includes personal blogs, vlogs, and photo diaries people share with the
world.

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 Types of websites:

Web Portal

are often websites designed for internal

purposes at a business, organization,
or institution.

They collect information in different formats

from different sources into one place to make
all relevant information accessible to the
people who need to see it. They often involve
a login and personalized views for different
users that ensure the information that’s
accessible is most useful to their particular
needs.
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 Types of websites:
Wiki or Community Forum Website

Most people are familiar with wikis through the most famous example of one
out there: Wikipedia. But wikis can be created on pretty much any subject you can
imagine. A wiki is any website where various users are able to collaborate on content
and all make their own tweaks and changes as they see fit. There are wikis for fan
communities, for business resources, and for collecting valuable information sources..

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 Lesson 2: The Internet
The Internet or “net” (network of network) is the largest
computer network in the world that connects billions of
computer user. The word internet comes from combination
between “interconnection” and “network”.

Network is a collection of computers and devices connected

via communication channels and transmission media allow to
share resources (hardware, software, data, information).
Generally, nobody owns the internet.

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 A. Brief History of Internet
ARPA – Advanced Research Project Agency
January 2, 1969 – started an experimental computer network.
Concept – No server, but equal importance/participation to every computer in the
network. Even if, one or two node destroyed that will now affect the network.

In 1982 the word internet started.

1986- First “ free net” created in Case Western Reserve University
1991- US government allowed business agencies to connect to internet. Now all
people can connect to the internet and improve their life and work quality.

The internet support various aspects in our life. Vinton Gray Cerf is an American
Internet pioneer and is recognized as one of "the fathers of the Internet", sharing
this title with TCP/IP co-developer Bob Kahn.
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 B. Major Components of the Internet
1. Servers – is a computer program that provides service to another
computer program and it’s user.
Types of Servers

• Application Server – a program in computer that provides the business logic

for an application program.
• Web Server – a computer program that serves requested HTML pages or files.
• Proxy Server – is a software that acts as an intermediary between an
endpoint device, such as computer and another server from which a user is
requesting.
• Mail Server – is an application that receives incoming e-mail from local users
and remote senders and forward outgoing e-mail for delivery
• File Server – is a computer responsible for central storage and management
of data files so that other computer on the same network can access them.
• Policy Server – is a security component of a policy – based network that
provides authorization services and facilities tracking and control of files.
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 B. Major Components of the Internet

2. IP Address (Internet Protocol) – is a numerical label assigned to each

device. This provides identity to a network device.

3. Browser – is an application program that provides a way to look information

on the web.

Example of browsers: Google chrome, safari, internet explorer, opera, Mozilla

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 B. Major Components of the Internet

4. Domain Name System (DNS) – is the phonebook of internet. We access

information online through domain names.

Example of DNS:
www.facebook.com, www.pup.edu.ph,www.academia.edu

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 B. Major Components of the Internet

5. Internet Service Provide (ISP) – is an organization that provides services

for accessing, using or participating in the internet.

Two types of ISP:

National ISP – provided internet access to a

specific geographic area.

Regional ISP – business that provides internet

access in cities and towns nationwide.

Example of ISP: Sky Broadband, PLDT, Converge

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 C. Uses of Internet
• Look for information
• School works, jobs, and home purposes
• Send and receive electronic mail
• Video teleconferencing (video call, video chat)
• Buy and sell product
• Social networking
• Watch & post videos
• Games
• Take college courses
• Monitor home while away
• Financial transactions
• Download music and movies
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 D. Internet Terms and Definition
• Internet - A global network of thousands of computer networks linked by data lines and wireless
systems.
• Web – a collection of billions of webpages that you can view with a web browser
• Email – the most common method of sending and receiving messages online
• Social media – websites and apps that allow people to share comments, photos, and videos
• Online gaming – games that allow people to play with and against each other over the Internet
• Software updates – operating system and application updates can typically downloaded from
the Internet
• HTML - Hypertext Markup Language is a coding language used to tell a browser how to place
pictures, text, multimedia and links to create a web page. When a user clicks on a link within a
web page, that link, which is coded with HTML, links the user to a specific linked web page.

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 D. Internet Terms and Definition
• URL - Uniform Resource Locator is a web address used to connect to a remote
resource on the world wide web.
• Bit - is a single digit in the binary numbering system (base 2). For example: 1 is a bit
or 0 is a bit.
• Byte - generally consists of eight bits.
• Upload - To upload is to transfer data from your computer to another computer.
• Download - To download is to transfer data from another computer to your computer.
• HTTP - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol, the data communication
standard of web pages. When a web page has this prefix, the links, text, and pictures
should work correctly in a web browser.

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 D. Internet Terms and Definition
• HTTPS - is the acronym for Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure. This indicates that the web
page has a special layer of encryption added to hide your personal information and passwords
from others.
• Router or router-modem combination is the hardware device that acts as the traffic cop for
network signals arriving at your home or business from your ISP. A router can be wired or
wireless or both.
• Encryption - is the mathematical scrambling of data so that it is hidden from eavesdroppers.
Encryption uses complex math formulas to turn private data into meaningless gobbledygook that
only trusted readers can unscramble.
• Web Bot - A term that applies to programs/applets (macros and intelligent agents) used on the
Internet. Such bots perform a repetitive function, such as posting messages to multiple
newsgroups or doing searches for information.
• Search Engine - specialized software, such as Google and Yahoo, that lets www browser users
search for information on the web by using keywords, phrases.
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THANK YOU
by Group 2