CE13003: Engineering Drawing & Computer

Graphics

Week 1: Introduction
Section 03
Autumn 2024-2025
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur

08 August 2024
What is Engg. Drawing

• 3D object on a 2D plane
• Shows design specifications
• Multiple views
• Visible and non visible features
• Line weights and styles -> different features
Uses of Engg. Drawing
• Development of ideas
• Detailing of specifications
• Communicating ideas
• Modeling purposes
• Analysis of its strength
• Views from different angles
 Engineering drawing is
the basis..
• Aeronautical drawing: aircraft, rockets, etc.
• Machin drawing: machines, turbines, etc.
• Structural drawing: structures, irrigation, hydraulics,
transportation, dams, buildings, tunnels, treatment plants, etc.
• Electrical drawing: high-tension towers, grids, etc.
• Industrial drawing: energy production, refineries, etc.
• Medical Technology drawing: equipment, diagnostics, etc.
• Etc…
Course Description (1-0-3: 3 credits)
 Course Description Cont’d…
• Section: 03
• Instructors : Dr. Mrinal Kaushik (MK)
• Dr. Manish Pandey (MP)
• Emails: mkaushik@aero.iitkgp.ac.in; mpandey@civil.iitkgp.ac.in
• Class: Thursday, 9:00 AM– 1:00 PM
• Venue: S301
• Grading:
• Manual Drawing (MD) – 70%
• Class performance: 35%; Exam: 35%
• Computer Aided Drafting (CAD) – 30%
• Class performance: 15%; Exam: 15%
 Textbooks and References
• Textbook:
• N. D. Bhatt, Engineering Drawing – Plane and Solid
Geometry, 51st Edition, 2012; Charotar Publishing
House Private Limited, Anand, Gujarat 388 001,
INDIA

• References:
• M. B. Shah and B. C. Rana, Engineering Drawing,
Pearson, 2009, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA
• N. S. Parthasarathy and V. Murali, Engineering
Drawing, Oxford, 2015, New Delhi, INDIA
 Standing Instructions
• All tutorials have to be completed and submitted before the
deadline

• Submission of drawing sheets is mandatory for evaluation

• Marks for tutorial sheet will be shown in the following

week
 Drawing Instruments
• Drawing sheet: A2 size (420 mm × 594 mm)
• Black sheet
• Mini-drafter / T- square
• Drawing pencils (H, 2H and HB)
• Large size compass
• Large size divider
• Scales: 300 mm
• Protractors & set squares
• French curves
• Eraser
• Drawing clip/pin/adhesive tape
• Sharpener
• Duster
Mini-drafter Mini-drafter fixed on a
drawing table
Set-squares
French Curves

Drawing Clips
Protractors
… … To draw Smooth Curve Lines
Use French Curve … …
Pencil
• Types
Pencil
Pencil Grades
Drawing Sheet Sizes
 Drawing Sheet Layout

Letters denoting section planes 10 mm

Dimensions 7 mm

14 mm
10 mm
7 mm
7 mm 7 mm
 Visible lines 0.7 mm H

Construction lines, Section

lines, Dimension lines and
extension lines 0.35 mm 2H

2H
2H

Short dashed lines, 0.5 mm

H

Alternatively long and short 0.5 mm 2H

Thick alternatively long and two double

H & 2H short, 0.7 mm

2H

2H
Types of LINES … … example
Aspects of dimensioning

 Figures
 Lines
 Symbols
 Notes
 … … Basic Principles
Show dimensions in the view that shows relevant
features
 … … Basic Principles
Place dimensions outside the view, as far as possible
 … … Basic Principles
Take dimensions out from visible outlines
than from hidden lines
 … … Basic Principles
Give dimensions from:
Base lines/finished surface/center line of a hole
… … Spacing of Dimensions
… … Dimensions vs. Scale of Drawing
Dimensions ALWAYS at full scale
Drawings can be on different scales
… … Components of Dimensions
… … Placing of Dimensions
Two sides only preferred
… … Placing of Dimensions
Arrow & Text
… … Placing of Dimensions
Orientation of Dimensioning Text
… … Dimensioning a Length
Depends on Available Space
… … Arrangement of Dimensions
Styles of Dimensioning
… … Arrangement of Dimensions
Styles of Dimensioning
Combined Style
 … … Dimensioning Diameters
Precede with ‘φ’ to distinguish from length
 … … Dimensioning Radii
Arcs of Circle
Precede with ‘R’ to distinguish from length
… Dimensioning Angles, Arcs, Chords
… … Dimensioning Outlines with
Circular Arcs
DRAWING LINES

Divide A Line into Multiple Sections

1. From one end of the given line AB (say, A) draw a line AC at a convenient
angle
2. Using a scale/ruler divide the AC into the required number of parts making
them of any suitable length.
3. Join the last point on line AC (say, C) to B
4. Draw construction lines through the other points on the line AB which are
parallel to CB
Bisect a straight line
Bisecting a straight line
• To divide a line into two equal parts
Drawing a perpendicular
line from a point in a line
• AB is the line, and C is the
point on it
D
• With center C and any
radius, describe equal arcs
to cut AB at E and F
• From E and F describe
equal arcs to intersect at D
• Join C and D to give the
required perpendicular

A C B
E F
Drawing a line parallel to a given line at a
given distance from it
• AB is the given line,
and c is the given
distance
• From any two points
well apart of AB, draw
c
two arcs of radius
equal to c
• Draw a line tangential
to the two arcs to give
the required line
A B
Bisecting an angle
• ABC is the given angle
A
• From B describe an arc
to cut AB and BC at E E
F
and D respectively
• With centers E and D,
draw equal arcs to
intersect at F
• Join BF, the required
bisector of the angle B C
D
DRAWING LINES

Inscribe a Circle in a Triangle

1. Bisect angle ABC and angle BAC.

2. Fine the intersection point of the bisecting lines/bisectors. That is the
centre of the circle.
3. The radius of the circle is the length of a perpendicular line on any of the
sides of the triangle drawn from the centre of the circle.
 DRAWING LINES

Circumscribe a Circle on a Triangle

1. Bisect sides AC and BC.

2. Fine the intersection point of the bisecting
lines/bisectors. That is the centre of the
circle.
3. The radius of the circle is the length of a line
joining any one of the vertices of the triangle
to the centre of the circle.
DRAWING LINES

Find the Centre of an Arc

1. Select three points A, B and C on the arc and join AB and BC

2. Bisect AB and BC.
3. Fine the intersection point of the bisecting lines/bisectors. That is the
centre of the arc.
DRAWING LINES

Draw a Hexagon

• To draw a regular hexagon given the

distance across corners, draw a circle
having a diameter equal to the distance
across corners
• Step off the radius round it to give six
equally spaced points.
• Join these points to form the hexagon.