DPP Limits

Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main Crash Course

ANSWER KEYS
1. (3) 2. (1) 3. (4) 4. (2) 5. (2) 6. (3) 7. (1) 8. (3)
9. (3) 10. (3) 11. (3) 12. (12.5) 13. (2) 14. (3) 15. (1) 16. (2)
17. (36) 18. (2) 19. (1) 20. (3) 21. (1) 22. (2) 23. (3) 24. (1)
25. (1) 26. (2.00) 27. (2) 28. (1) 29. (3) 30. (34)

1.
π x
tan( − )(1−sin x)

(3) lim
4 2
π
x→ 3
2 (π−2x)

Let, x = π

2
+ y
−y
tan( )(1−cos y)
2

⇒ limy→0 =
3
(−2y)

y
2
y y y 2
− tan ⋅2 sin tan sin
2 2 1 2 2
= limy→0 = limy→0 ⋅ [ y
]
3 32 y
(−8)y
( )
2 2

y y 2
tan sin
1 2 2
= limy→0 × ⋅ (limy→0 y
)
32 y
( )
2 2

sin x tan x
∵ limx→0 = limx→0 = 1
x x

1 2
⇒ × 1 × 1
32
1
=
32

2. (1) Let, sin x = t

3
1−cos t
⇒ limt→0
t sin t cos t
2
(1−cos t) (1+cos t+cos t)
t
⇒ limt→0 × ( ) ×
2 sin t cos t
t

(1+1+1)
1 3
⇒ × 1 × =
2 1 2

3. x
tan(
x
)

1
( )

(4) lim
x 1 1
x→−∞ = = −
2
1 1 −√4
−x√4− +
x
x2

4. (2)
tan x√tan x−sin x√sin x
Let, L = lim
3
x→0 x √x

3
3
2
⎛ ⎞ ⎡ ⎤
2

⎜tan x⎟ ⎢ 1−(cos x) ⎥
⎜ ⎟ ⎢ ⎥
⎝ ⎠ ⎣ ⎦

= lim
3/2 2
x→0 x ⋅x

3 3
1−cos x
= 1 2 ⋅ lim
2
⋅
1
3
(Rationalizing)
x→0 x
2

1+(cos x)

1−cos x 1
2
= lim ⋅(1 + cos x + cos x)⋅
2 3
x
x→0
2
1+ ( cos x )

.
1 1 3
= ⋅ (1 + 1 + 1)=
2 2 4

5. (2)
1−cos x (3+cos 2x)
2x 1
lim ⋅ ⋅ ⋅
x
2 1 tan 2x 2
x→0

1 1
= ⋅ (4) ⋅ = 1
2 2

6. (3)
3
1−cos x
lim
x sin x cos x
x→0
2
( 1−cos x ) ( 1+cos x+cos x)

= lim
x sin x cos x
x→0

2 x
2 sin ( ) 2
2 ( 1+cos x+cos x)

= lim ×
x x cos x
x→0 x⋅2 sin ( ) cos ( )
2 2

x
sin ( ) 2
2 1+cos x+cos x 1 3
= lim × = × 3 =
x x 2 2
x→0 2( ) cos ( ) cos x
2 2

#MathBoleTohMathonGo
www.mathongo.com
DPP Limits
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main Crash Course

7. (1)
3
sin 3x a sin 3x+ax+bx
lim ( + + b)= lim
3 2 3
x→0 x x x→0 x

sin 3x 2
3 +a+bx
3x
= lim
2
x→0 x

limit exists if
3 + a = 0

or a = −3
3

Putting 3x = t)= −
sin 3x−3x+bx sin t−t 27
∴ L = lim = 27(lim + b)= 0 ( + b = 0
x
3
t
3 6
x→0 t→0

or b =
9

8. (3)
2
f ( x +x+1 ) −f ( 1 )
0
lim ( form)
4 2 0
x→0 f ( x −x +2x+4 ) −f ( 4 )
1 2
( 2x+1 ) f ( x +x+1 )
lim
3 1 4 2
( 4x −2x+2 ) f ( x −x +2x+4 )
x→0
′
f (1)
=
2f
′
(4)
= 4 (Applying L' Hospital's Rule)

9. (3)
2
lim (√x + x + 2 − ax − b)= 2
x→∞

−3 2 2
a = 1; b =
2
required equation is (x − 1) + (y + 3) = 1

10. (3)
3 1 x 2
lim x ln(1 + )+ − x
x 2
x→∞

1
x =
t
2
ln(1+t) 2 ln(1+t)+t −2t
1 1
lim( + − )= lim
3 2t 2 3
t t 2t
t→0 t→0
2 3 4
t t t 2
2 ( t− + − +… ) +t −2t
2 3 4

= lim
3
2t
t→0
2

.
1 t t 1 1
= lim( − + … . .)= = ⇒ m = 3
3 4 5 3 m
t→0

n+1 n+1

11. (3) lim

3.2

n
−4.5

n
n→∞ 5.2 +7.5
n
n 2
5 ( 6. ( ) −20 ) n
5 20 2
= lim n
= − (∵ lim ( ) = 0)
n→∞ n 2 7 n→ ∞ 5
5 ( 5. ( ) +7 )
5

12. (12.5)
ln ( 2−cos 15x )
lim
2
ln ( sin 3x+1 )
x→0

ln { 1+ ( 1−cos 15x ) }
= lim
2
x→0 ln ( 1+sin 3x )

ln ( 1+x )
(Applying lim )
1−cos 15x
= lim = 1
2 x
x→0 ( sin 3x ) x→0
2
( 15x )
= lim
2
(using standard limit)
x→0 2 ( 3x )

1 ( 225 )
= = 12. 5
2×9

13. (2)
Given,
π[x]
f (x)= a sin( )+[2 − x], a ∈ R
2

Now given lim f (x) exists,

x→−1

[x]
So lim a sin(π
2
)+[2 − x]= −a + 2
+
x→−1

[x]
And lim asin(π
2
)+[2 − x]= 0 + 3 = 3
−
x→−1

So, lim f (x) exist when −a + 2 = 3 ⇒ a = −1

x→−1

Now,
4 1 2 3 4
∫ f (x)dx = ∫ f (x)dx + ∫ f (x)dx + ∫ f (x)dx + ∫ f (x)dx
0 0 1 2 3

4 1 π[x] 2 π[x] 3 π[x] 4 π[x]

⇒ ∫ f (x)dx = ∫ − sin( )+[2 − x]dx + ∫ − sin( )+[2 − x]dx + ∫ − sin( )+[2 − x]dx + ∫ − sin( )+[2 − x]dx
0 0 2 1 2 2 2 3 2

1 2 3 4
= ∫ (0 + 1)dx + ∫ (−1 + 0)dx + ∫ (0 − 1)dx + ∫ (1 − 2)dx
0 1 2 3

= 1 − 1 − 1 − 1 = −2

#MathBoleTohMathonGo
www.mathongo.com
DPP Limits
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main Crash Course

14. (3) (cos x−1)(cos x−e )

n
x
2 4 2 4
1 x x x x
= ((1 − + − …) − 1) ((1 − + − …)
n
x 2! 4! 2! 4!

2 3
x x
− (1 + x + + …))
2! 3!

2 4 3
1 x x x
2
= [(− + − …) (−x − x − …)]
n
x 2! 4! 3!

2 2
−1 1 x x
= [(− + − …) (1 + x + …)]
x
n−3 2! 4! 3!
x
(cos x−1)(cos x−e )
∴ For lim x→0
x
n
to exist as a nonzero number we must have n − 3 = 0 ⇒ n = 3.
15. (1)
x x a
a lim ( 1+ −1 )
b x
lim (1 + ) b
= ex→∞
x
x→∞

[∵ 1
∞
form ]
a 403×5

= e b = e 1 = e
2015
≡ e
λ
⇒ λ = 2015 .
16. (2)
l
L = e

2 2
2 2n −3−2n +n−1 ]
n −1
l = Lim [ ]
n 2
2n −n+1
n→∞

2 1 4
n ( 1− ) −n ( 1− )
n
n2 1
= Lim =
1 1 2
n→∞ 2
n⋅n ( 2− + )
n
n2

∴ L = √e .
x

17. (36) Let, 3 2 = t, x → 2 ⇒ t → 3

2
2
4 2
t t2 −12 t +27−12t
limt→3 = limt→3
1 3 t−3
−
t t2

2
(t −3)(t+3)(t−3)
limt→3 = 6 × 6 = 36
(t−3)

18. (2) Let, f (x) =

1+tan x

1+sin x

and g(x) = sin x

2

Clearly, f (x) → 1 and g(x) → ∞ as x → 0

2
2 1+tan x
1+tan x sin x limx→0 ( −1)
sin x 1+sin x
∴ limx→0 ( ) = e
1+sin x

g(x) limx→a g(x)[f (x)−1] ∞

{ using limx→a [f (x)] = e for 1 form }

2(1−cos x)
2 tan x−sin x
limx→0 ( ) limx→0
sin x 1+sin x cos x(1+sin x)
= e = e

0
= e = 1

19. (1) lim x cot x + lim x ln x

+ +
x→0 x→0

x ln x
= lim + lim
+ tan x + 1
x→0 x→0 ( )
x

1
( )
x
x
= lim + lim = 1 + lim (−x)
+ tan x + 1 +
x→0 x→0 (− ) x→0
x2

= 1 + 0 = 1

20. (3) ∵ π

6
< 1,

π
∴[ ]= 0
6

x
[ ]
2

∴ lim = 0
π ln ( sin x )
x→
2

21. (1) Since x − 1 ≤ [x] ≤ x for all x ∈ R so

1 1 1
− 1 ≤ [ ] ≤
3 3 3
x x x

8 1 5 1 5
⇒ x ( − 1) ≤ x [ ] ≤ x for all x
3 3
x x

But lim x→0 x

5
= 0 = limx→0 (x
5
− x )
8
so
8 1
limx→0 x [ ] = 0 ∈ I ⊆ Q
3
x

22. (2) lim

sin x ( 2 cos x−a )
= lim (
sin x
)(
2 cos x−a
)
x⋅x
2 x x
2
x→0 x→0

For this limit to exists finitely,

2 cos x−a
lim = f inite
2
x→0 x

∴ It must be 0

0
form
∴ 2 cos(0)−a = 0 ⇒ a = 2

#MathBoleTohMathonGo
www.mathongo.com
DPP Limits
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main Crash Course

23. (3) 5
− 1 <[
5
]≤
5

x x x

sin x 5 sin x 5 sin x 5

( − 1) < [ ] ≤ ( )
3 x 3 x 3 x

  

h(x) f (x) g(x)

by sandwich theorem
5
∵ lim g(x)= lim h(x)=
3
x→0 x→0

5
∴ lim f (x)=
3
x→0

24. (1)
Let the given expression be y.
Then, y = lim n
2

n→∞

⎧ 
⎪
 1 1 1
⎨ (1 − cos )√(1 − cos )√(1 − cos )
n n n
⎷
⎩
⎪

On putting 1

n
= θ ......∞

So that, n → ∞ ⇒ θ → 0
Thus,
1 1 1
+ + +....to ∞
2 22 23
1
y = lim (1 − cosθ)
2
θ
θ→0

1−cos θ
= lim( )
2
θ
θ→0

1 1
{∵ + + … ∞ = 1}
2 2
2
2
2 sin θ/2
= lim
2
θ
θ→∞

2
sin θ/2
1
= lim 2( ) ×
θ/2 4
θ→0

2 1 1
= 2 ⋅ 1 ⋅ =
4 2

25. 2
[ x ] + [ 2 x ] + [ 3 x ] +...+ [ n x ]
2 2

(1) Let f (x)= 2 2 2 2

1 +2 +3 +...+n

Now, we have,
2 2 2
x+2 x+3 x+...+n x
f (x)≤ = x
2 2 2 2
1 +2 +3 +...+n

2 2 2
( x−1 ) + ( 2 x−1 ) + ( 3 x−1 ) +...+ ( n x−1 )

and, f (x)> 2 2 2 2
1 +2 +3 +...+n
2
xΣn −n 6
= = x − (∵ x − 1 ≤[x]< x, ∀x ∈ R)
2 ( n+1 ) ( 2n+1 )
Σn

Thus, we have,
6
x − < f (x)≤ x
( n+1 ) ( 2n+1 )

Now, we have,
6
lim x − = x & lim x = x
n→∞ ( n+1 ) ( 2n+1 ) n→∞

Hence, by Sandwich Theorem, we have

lim f (x)= x
n→∞

2 2

26. (2.00) lim

x tan ( αx )
= 1 → lim
x tan ( αx )
= 1
3 5
βx−tan ( 2x ) ( 2x ) 2 ( 2x )
x→0 x→0
βx− { 2x+ + }
3 15

→ β = 2 and 3α

8
= −1,

So, 5β + 3α = 2

#MathBoleTohMathonGo
www.mathongo.com
DPP Limits
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main Crash Course

27. (2)
cos(sin x)−cos x
Consider lim (
0
form)
x
4 0
x→0
sin x+x x−sin x
2 sin ( ) ⋅ sin ( )
2 2

lim
4
x
x→0
sin x+x x−sin x
sin ( ) sin ( )
2 2 sin x+x x−sin x 1
= lim 2[ ][ ]×( )×( )×
sin x+x x−sin x 2 2 4
( ) ( ) x
x→0
2 2

sin x+x x−sin x

sin ( ) sin ( ) 2 2
2 2 x −sin x
lim 2[ ][ ]×( )
sin x+x x−sin x 4
4x
x→0 ( ) ( )
2 2

2 2
x −sin x 0 sin t
lim 2 ×( ) ( form) (∵ lim = 1)
4x
4 0 t
x→0 t→0

Applying L'Hospital's Rule,

2x−2 sin x cos x 2x−sin 2x 0
lim 2 ×( )= lim ( ) ( form)
3 3 0
4⋅4x 8x
x→0 x→0

2−2 cos 2x 0
lim ( ) ( form)
2 0
24x
x→0

4 sin 2x 1 sin 2x 1
lim ( )= lim( )=
48x 6 2x 6
x→0
x→0

28. (1)
We know that r ≤[r]< r + 1
2r ≤[2r]< 2r + 1

3r ≤[3r]< 3r + 1

⋮ ⋮ ⋮

nr ≤[nr]< nr + 1

On adding all the above inequalities, we get

r + 2r + … + nr ≤[r]+[2r]+. . . +[nr]< r + 2r+. . . nr + n

n ( n+1 )
Using 1 + 2 + 3+. . . +n = 2
, n ∈ N,

n ( n+1 ) n ( n+1 )
⋅ r ≤[r]+[2r]+. . . +[nr]< ⋅ r + n
2 2
n ( n+1 ) n ( n+1 )

⋅r ⋅r+n
2
[ r ] + [ 2r ] +...+ [ nr ] 2

⇒ ≤ <
2 2 2
n n n
1
2
n ( 1+ ) ⋅r
n(n+1)⋅r
Now, lim
2⋅n
2
= lim
2⋅n
n

2
=
r

2
n→∞ n→∞
n ( n+1 ) 1 1
2
⋅r+n n { ( 1+ ) ⋅r+ }

and lim
2

2
= lim
n

2
n
=
r

2
n→∞ n n→∞ 2⋅n

So, by Sandwich Theorem, we can conclude that

[ r ] + [ 2r ] +...+ [ nr ]
r
lim = .
n
2 2
n→∞

29. (3) Using expansion,

4
⎛ x ⎞
( )
2 4 2 2
⎜ x ⎟ x x
⎜ 1+ ( − )+ +.... ⎟ − ( 1− + −.... )
⎜ 2 2! ⎟ 2! 4!

⎝ ⎠

lim
3 x3
x→0 x ( x+ +.... )
3

2 2 4 4
x x x x
( 1−1 ) + ( − + )+( − ) +....
2 2 8 24

lim 3
3 x
x→0 x ( x+ +.... )
3

1 1 1
⇒ − =
8 24 12

#MathBoleTohMathonGo
www.mathongo.com
DPP Limits
Answer Keys and Solutions JEE Main Crash Course

30. (34)
Using expansions, we get,
2 3 2
x x x
a ( 1+x+ + +.. ) +b ( 1− +... ) +c+dx
2! 3! 2!

lim = 3
3 2
x→0 x
x ( x− +..... )
3!

a−b 2 a 3
( a+b+c ) + ( a+d ) x+ ( )x + x +…
2 6

lim = 3
2
x2
x→0 3
x ( 1− +..... )
3!

∵ in the denominator lowest power of x is 3

For the limit to be finite, the numerator should also have the least power of x as 3
∴ a + b + c = 0 . . .(1)

a + d = 0. . .(2)

a−b
= 0. . .(3)
2
a
( )

Now,
6

= 3 ⇒ a = 18
1

From (1), (2), (3), we get,

a = 18, b = 18, c =– 36, d =– 18
3
− ( 18 )
abd 1
= =
3 3
c −8 ( 18 ) 8

#MathBoleTohMathonGo
www.mathongo.com