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3-X1. Notes For Structures

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15 views3 pages

3-X1. Notes For Structures

to rc 1

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ahmedhgo981
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Slab distributions depend on the area of each slab, where the same area takes the same slab.

Then the slabs are


designed by one-meter width strips for both directions for two-way slabs, or for the short direction only for one-
way slab.

Beam distributions depend on the portions of loaded area which comes from the slabs to the study beam, where
the same loaded areas of slabs take the same beam (these portions will take shapes of rectangular for one-way slabs,
or triangle and trapezoidal for two-way slabs). Note that the beams in the same line of the study beam take the same
name of the beam. Thus, beam B2 will be the same beam B3 if we add a new slab (4.0mx4.0m) in the left of slab
S1 on the top of the plan shown, and this slab added will be the same of slab S4.

Column distributions depend on the portions of loaded area which comes from the slabs to the study column,
where these portions are divided by the half spans from the four directions surrounding the study column (these
portions will take shapes of rectangular and square); whereas the same portions of slab loaded areas take the same
column.

Footing distributions depend on the columns of ground-floors which are above them, where the same columns
take the same footings. Then the footings are designed by one-meter width strips for both directions for both
rectangular and square footings.

Note that slab S5 is a cantilever-slab, and the slab S6 is a one-way slab (where the other slabs are two-way slabs),
and the end of beams B2 and B3 from the left in the sides of cantilever are cantilever-beams (where these beams
(B2 & B3) do not have loads from the slabs).

1
We will design Coulmn (C4), Footing (F4) which is below column C4, beam B3 and Slabs S1 and S2.
Students need to design Coulmn (C3), Footing (F3) which is below column C3, beam B2 and Slabs S2, S3 and
S5 as well slab S6.

Note that you need to show the designed sections with dimensions, reinforcements and drawings. For the
design of beams, the thickness of slab (ts) must be taken as obtained from the design of slabs, and the height
of beam (h) could be taken as (L/10) for the calculations. For the design of columns, the thickness of slab (t s)
must be taken as obtained from the design of slabs, and the height of beam (h) must be taken as obtained
from the design of beams.

2
Notes for the calculations:

- Number of Floors (Ns) is ten (10) Floors and Basement (Ground-Floor "G.F"). (This means that NF = 11).
The initial estimated thickness of Slab (ts) is [ts = Lx/25 (for cantilever one-way solid slab); ts = Lx/35 (for simple
one-way solid slab); ts = Lx/45 (for continuous one-way solid slab); ts = Lx/45 (for simple two-way solid slab); ts =
Lx/50 (for continuous two-way solid slab)]. Note: Lx = the short span of slab.
→ The initial estimated thickness of Slab (ts) is 10cm.
→ The designed thickness of Slab → ts = 12cm (from WSD Method).
→ The designed thickness of Slab → ts = 14cm (from USD Method).
Density of Reinforced Concrete (ρRC) is 2500 kg/m3.
Density of Bricks for Walls (ρb) is 1500 kg/m3.
The Dead Load (D.L) is [(ρRC*ts)+C.F] kg/m2.
The Dead Load of Concrete Floor Cover (C.F) is 150 kg/m2.
The Live load (L.L) is 350 kg/m2 (Office, or Hospital, or School building).
- The estimated width of Tied-Columns (b), Beams (b) and Walls (b) is 20cm.
- The estimated width of Tied-Columns (b) is 20cm.
- The estimated width of Spiral-Columns (Dk) is 25cm.
The estimated height of Beams (h) is L/10 (where L is the loaded-length of Beams).
The Floor and Column height (H) is 3.0m (for floors 1 to 10) and is 4.0m (for Ground-Floor "G.F").
The estimated Wall height (h) is 2.5m (for floors 1 to 10) and is 3.5m (for Ground-Floor "G.F").
- Modular Ratio (n) for Columns is 15.
- The estimated percentage of Reinforcement (μ΄ = μ) is 1.2% (for Tied-Columns) and 1.5% (for Spiral-Columns).
→ The required Concrete Strength "Grade or Class" (C28 = fcu(28)) = fcu = 250 kg/cm2 (All Structural Members).
→ The required Steel Grade (Steel fy/fu) = Steel 36/52 or Steel 40/60 (slabs, beams, columns & footings).
→ The required Stirrup Grade (Steel fy/fu) = Steel 24/35 or Steel 28/41 (beams & columns) → fstir = 1400 kg/cm2.
Design Stresses and Design Parameters:
- Slabs: Concrete Strength (fc) = 60 kg/cm2 and Steel Strength (fs) = 1400 kg/cm2 → K1 = 0.297 & K2 = 1221.
- R-Beams: Concrete Strength (fc) = 60 kg/cm2 and Steel Strength (fs) = 1800 kg/cm2 → K1 = 0.335 & K2 = 1600.
- T- & L- Beams: fc = 45 kg/cm2 and fs = 1800 kg/cm2 → K1 = 0.466 & K2 = 1651.
- Columns: Concrete Strength (fc) = 60 kg/cm2 and Steel Strength (fs΄ = fs) = 1800 kg/cm2 & fy = 4000 kg/cm2.
Tied Columns: fc = 60 kg/cm2 ; fs΄ = 1800 kg/cm2 ; fy = 4000 kg/cm2 ; μ = 1.2% ; n = 15 ; Φstir. = 8mm.
Spiral: fc = 60 kg/cm2 ; fs΄ = 1800 kg/cm2 ; fy = 4000 kg/cm2 ; μ΄ = 1.5% ; n = 15 ; Dsp = Φstir. = 8mm ; S = 50mm.
- Footings: Concrete Strength (fc) = 90 kg/cm2 and Steel Strength (fs) = 2000 kg/cm2 → K1 = 0.347 & K2 = 1731.
→ The Soil Stress or Bearing Capacity of Soil (qsoil = qc) is 1.20 kg/cm2 (= 12 tons/m2).
- The thickness of Plain-Concrete Footing (tPC) is 25cm.
- The Plain-Concrete Footing (FPC) increases from the four edges surrounding the Reinforced-Concrete Footing
(FRC) by a distance (x) = 0.8* tPC (= 20cm) from the four edges.
- The Punching-Shear Stress of Footings (qp) should be between 6 kg/cm2 and 8 kg/cm2 for fcu = 250 kg/cm2.

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