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Elements & Principles of Design

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Sarina Diakos
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22 views2 pages

Elements & Principles of Design

Uploaded by

Sarina Diakos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ELEMENTS OF DESIGN

COLOUR Is light reflected off objects.


Value : dark or light
Intensity: bright or dull
cool: blue, green, grey - relaxed, calm
warm: red, yellow- happy, excited
complimentary: (opposite on the colour wheel): work really well together. Eg. Red -
green, blue – orange, yellow - purple.
harmonious: similar colours work well together (blue, turquoise, purple).
nature expressive contrasting dramatic
dominant harmonious bold warm
pastel symbolic cool monochromatic

DIRECTION 3 main vertical, horizontal, diagonal, also spiralling and radiating


Leads the eye to focal point or area of interest. Indicates movement or mood.

LINE A mark that is longer than it is wide


Divides space and defines shape moving in any direction – horizontal, diagonal, vertical
Create pattern, tone and texture
Indicates mood e.g. Jagged and bold =anger / flowing and curved = happy, gentle.
contour crisp straight jagged undulating
delicate sensitive swirling flowing narrow
expressive broken broad aggressive soft

TONE Light/ shade on an object


Used for the illusion of volume, depth and distance
dramatic gradual harsh soft contrasting

TEXTURE How the surface feels


polished thick bumpy smooth rough
tactile: makes you want to touch it
imitated texture: drawn to look rough
visual texture: looks rough but the paper is smooth

PATTERN An element repeated in design


Random- leaves, structured – wrapping paper

SPACE The area between and around objects


Creates a feeling of depth
positive: the area that the subject matter, shape or form takes up a design.
negative: the remaining area surrounding the subject matter.
deep shallow sparse restricted open
+ve -ve

SHAPE/ 3 Dimensional shapes – Have length, width, depth


geometric, regular - circle, square, rectangle
FORM organic, irregular - rounded, curved, relaxed, natural
symmetrical - equal on both sides
naturalistic - realistic in appearance
stylised- simplified to their essential, basic characters, without details.
SIZE / contrast - large/ small
harmony- similar size
SCALE graduation - small to large.

PRINCIPLES OF DESIGN
CONTRAST Contract of elements used together (line, colour, size, tone)

HARMONY Closely related elements used together, harmonious (colour, position)

UNITY / The way the elements work as a whole


PROPRTION Achieved by repetition of elements through composition, harmony, overlap

Parts compensate each other, results in equilibrium


BALANCE
Can be achieve by objects, colour, space etc.

Divided in two, arrangement if elements on each side are very similar.


SYMMETRICAL You can use different combination and arrangement of elements to create1 large = 2
small

REPETITION Elements are repeated several times

VARIETY Is the use of several elements

RHYTHM /
Visual pattern that moves attention around the composition of the design.
movement

EMPHASIS This is the part that captures the viewer’s attention and stands out.
The area can be different in size colour texture etc.
Can be called a focal point.

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