ATTENDANCE TRACKING SYSTEM

USING RFID AND GSM MODULE

A MINI PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

RAJ KUMAR R (113220031105)

HARISABESH MA (113220031042)
SANJAY K (113220031117)

In partial fulfillment for the award of the degree

Of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

VELAMMAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE, CHENNAI-66.

(An Autonomous Institution, Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)
APRIL 2023
 VELAMMAL ENGINEERING
COLLEGE, CHENNAI-66

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report “ATTENDANCE TRACKING SYSTEM

USING RFID AND ARDUINO(ATHENA)” is the bonafide work of
HARI SABESH MA (113220031042),RAJ KUMAR R(113220031105),
SANJAY K(113220031117) who carried out the project work under my
supervision.

Dr. S. MURUGESHWARI MRS.M.USHA

PROFESSOR & HEAD ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering
Velammal Engineering College Velammal Engineering College
Chennai – 600 066 Chennai – 600 066
 CERTIFICATE OF EVALUATION

COLLEGE NAME : VELAMMAL ENGINEERING COLLEGE

BRANCH : COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
ENGINEERING
SEMESTER : VIII

Name of supervisor
Sl. No Name of the student who
Title of the Project with designation
has done the project

1 RAJ KUMAR R ATTENDANCE

TRACKING MRS.M.USHA
2 HARISABESH MA SYSTEM Associate Professor
USING RFID AND
3 SANJAY K GSM MODULE

This report of project work submitted by the above students in partial fulfillment for the
award of Bachelor of Computer Science and Engineering Degree in Anna University
was evaluated and confirmed to be reports of the work done by the above students and
then assessed.

Submitted for Internal Evaluation held on ........................

Internal Examiner External Examiner
 ABSTRACT

The attendance tracking system using RFID and Arduino Uno is a technology-based

solution that aims to simplify attendance management in educational institutions and

workplaces. This system uses Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology to

identify and track individuals, and Arduino Uno microcontroller to process and store

attendance data. The system eliminates the need for manual attendance taking, reduces

human errors and saves time. The abstract of this project highlights the key features and

benefits of the system and presents an overview of its design and implementation. With

the use of RFID and Arduino Uno, the attendance tracking system provides an efficient

and accurate solution for attendance management.

Nowadays, most of universities used the conventional method of taking attendance by

calling names or signing on paper is very time consuming and inefficient. From that, by

integrating various components which are RFID reader, RFID card, microcontroller and

Secure Digital Card (SD Card), a portable RFID based attendance system can be set up

and become the solutions to address this problem. Uniquely identify each person based

on RFID tag is one of its special ability that can make the recording attendance process

become more faster and easier compared to conventional method.

I
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I wish to acknowledge with thanks to the significant contribution given by the management

of our college Chairman, Dr.M.V.Muthuramalingam, and our Chief Executive Officer

Thiru. M.V.M.Velmurugan, for their extensive support. I would like to thank Dr. S.Satish

Kumar, Principal of Velammal Engineering College, for giving me this opportunity to do

this project. I wish to express my gratitude to our effective Head of the

Department, Dr. B. Murugeshwari, for her moral support and for her valuable innovative

suggestions, constructive interaction, constant encouragement and unending help that have

enabled me to complete the project. I wish to express my indebted humble thanks to

our Project Coordinator, Ms. M.Usha, Department of Computer Science and

Engineering for their invaluable guidance in shaping of this project. I wish to express my

sincere gratitude to my Internal Guide, Mrs.M.USHA, Associate Professor, Department

of Computer Science and Engineering for her guidance, without her this project would not

have been possible. I am grateful to the entire staff members of the department of Computer

Science and Engineering for providing the necessary facilities and to carry out the project. I

would especially like to thank my parents for providing me with the unique opportunity to

work and for their encouragement and support at all levels. Finally, my heartfelt thanks to

The Almighty for guiding me throughout the life.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE
TITLE
NO. NO.
ABSTRACT I
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS V
 LIST OF FIGURES VI

1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PRESENT DAY SCENARIO 1
1.2 CHALLENGING IN EXISTING 2
SYSTEM

2 LITERATURE SURVEY
2.1 RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION 3
2.2 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS 7
2.3 STORAGE ON SD 7
2.4 SCHOOL OF INFORMATION 9
MONITORING USING RFID -
JUSTIN LEE (2013)

3 PROPOSED SYSTEM
3.1 PROPOSED SYSTEM 13
3.1.1 OBJECTIVE PROPOSED SYSTEM 13
3.2 ARCHITECTURE 14

4 HARDWARE
4.1 COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR THE 15
4.1.1 ARDUINO UNO 15
4.1.2 RFID READER 17
4.1.3 RFID TAG 18
 4.1.4 SD CARD MODULE 19
4.1.5 GSM SIM 800L 20

5 DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION

5.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM 21
5.2 WORKING METHODOLGY 21

6 CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

6.1 SCREEN SHOT 25
6.2 CONCLUSION 26
6.3 FUTURE SCOPE 26

APPENDICES
A. CODE 28
B. RESULT 33
C. REFERENCES 34
D. PROGRAM OUTCOMES 36
 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

IOT Internet of things

RFID Radio Frequency Identification

GSM Global System For Mobile Communication

MHz Megahertz

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

PLX-DAQ Parallax Data Acquisition tool

SD Secure Digital

SPI BUS Serial Peripheral Interface

V
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure No. Figure Name Page No.

1.1 A Schematic of Power and Data Flow 5

2.1 SPI BUS 9

2.2 Justin Lee Technology 10

2.3 Technology Working 12

3.1 System Architecture 14

4.1 Arduino UNO 16

4.2 RFID Module 17

4.3 RFID Tag 18

4.4 Card Module 19

4.5 GSM800L 20

5.1 Circuit Diagram 21

5.2 RFID Working Principle 23

6.1 Project Prototype Model 25

6.2 Result 33

VI
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
1.1 PRESENT DAY SCENARIO

In the present day scenario, attendance tracking systems

have become an essential tool for various organizations, including educational
institutions, workplaces, and healthcare facilities. These systems have evolved
from traditional manual methods of attendance taking to more advanced
automated systems that use technologies such as RFID, biometrics, and GPS.

With the advancement of technology, attendance tracking systems have become

more accurate, efficient, and secure. They can provide real-time data on
attendance, which helps organizations to monitor attendance patterns and take
necessary action to improve attendance rates. The use of biometrics, such as
fingerprint or facial recognition, has made attendance tracking even more
accurate and secure, as it ensures that attendance data is not falsified.

Moreover, attendance tracking systems have become more user-friendly, with

the availability of mobile applications that allow employees or students to mark
their attendance from their smartphones. This has made attendance tracking
more convenient and has reduced the workload of administrative staff.

Overall, attendance tracking systems have become an essential tool for

organizations in managing attendance and maintaining records. They help to
improve efficiency, reduce errors, and provide valuable data for decision-
making.

In this world, there are a lot of methods can be used to transfer a data. One of
them is using radio frequency electromagnetic field. The famous tool that use
this method is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). It is the wireless non-
contact devices created for the purpose of automatically identifying and tracking
1
the information inside programmable tags or card.
1.2 CHALLENGES IN EXISTING SYSTEM
There are several challenges in existing systems for attendance tracking, which
include:

1. Reliance on manual methods: Many organizations still rely on manual

methods such as paper-based registers or excel sheets to track attendance. This
method is time-consuming, prone to errors, and difficult to manage for large
organizations.

2. Security issues: Traditional methods such as paper-based registers can be

easily tampered with or manipulated, which can lead to inaccurate attendance
records.

3. Lack of flexibility: Traditional methods can be inflexible and do not provide

real-time data on attendance. This makes it difficult for organizations to respond
quickly to changes in attendance patterns.

4. High implementation costs: Some advanced attendance tracking systems such

as biometric-based systems can be expensive to implement and maintain, which
can be a challenge for small or medium-sized organizations.

5. Technical issues: Some attendance tracking systems can face technical issues
such as hardware failure or software bugs, which can cause disruptions in
attendance tracking and lead to inaccurate records.

2
 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE SURVEY

2.1 Radio Frequency Identification

In this world, there are a lot of methods can be used to transfer a data. One of
them is using radio frequency electromagnetic field. The famous tool that use
this method is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). It is the wireless non-
contact devices created for the purpose of automatically identifying and tracking
the information inside programmable tags or card. The tags or card have an
ability to read at a short range via magnetic field that also call as
electromagnetic induction. Then, it will act as a passive transponder to emit
microwaves or UHF radiowaves.

On the other hand, the limitation of other automatic identification approach

which are used light to communicate (infrared and bar codes technology) can be
overcomes from this technology. It is proven when the RFID tag or card are
invisible to the eye and can be used in dirty environment. Without labor-
intensive manual scanning, RFID readers can be set to remotely and
automatically read [1]. Radio frequency of this system can be categorised into
four basic range and are given in Table 1.1 below:

Symbol Type of Frequency Range Uses

3
 LF Low Frequency 30 kHz to 300 125 kHz
kHz

HF High Frequency 3 MHz to 30 13.56 MHz

MHz

VHF Very High 30 MHz to 300 Not used for RFID

Frequency MHz

UHF Ultra High 300 MHz to 3 GHz 866 MHz, 915 MHz
Frequency

4
Basically, there are two components that involve in RFID system which are
RFID reader and RFID tags. The system contain a coil that act as antenna for
transmitting and receiving signal as shown in Figure 1.1. In the same time, the
signal can store maximum 2 kilobytes of data . Similar concept are implemented
for all type of RFID system. At first, radio wave will be generated from RFID
reader and after that, the RFID tag will reflect back the radio waves by using
backscatter technology.

Figure 2.1 A Schematic of Power and Data Flow

The substances used to store some additional information and unique serial
number is a silicon microchip that fabricate inside the majority of RFID tags or
transponders. RFID system can be categories into two part which are passive
and active . There are a fundamentally different technologies in Active RFID
and Passive RFID but both of them used the same medium to communicate
5
between a reader and a tag or card which is radio frequency energy.

Its different can be seen in the method of powering the tag or card. For Active
RFID, internal power source are used to continuously power the tag and its RF
communication circuitry, whereas Passive RFID totally used the RF energy
transferred from reader to the tag.
So that, stronger signal are required from reader for Passive RFID in order to
increase the signal strength returned from the tag. So that, stronger signal are
required from reader for Passive RFID in order to increase the signal strength
returned from the tag. On the other hand, Active RFID have more effective tag
that can generate high levelsignal back to the reader and also continuously
powered whether in reader field or not.

6
2.2 EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
IC designers state that microprocessor based design is an
important design discipline since 1990s. According to Moore’s Law, 16-
bits and 32-bits microprocessor chips that already had been used in board-
level design have a large enough to include both a CPU and other
subsystem. Resulting from that, two classes of problem have been identify
which are the software must become a first class component in chip design
and large predesigned of CPU must handled by the system design
methodologies. Hence, the root of Hardware/Software Co-design had been
formed from the development done by the researchers in basic approaches
to the design of embedded software running on CPU [5].

Embedded system can be define as ‘hardware embedded with software’.

All the hardware components are controlled by a microcontroller with a
special software. Traditionally, there are three phases on designing an
embedded systems. First, decomposing and allocating the system into two
part which are hardware and software. Second, separate hardware and
software design team according to their specialization and lastly,
integrating both hardware and software simultaneously

2.3 Storage On SD

In data storage application, flash memory which is one of non-volatile

devices are most widely used today. Its abilities in fast accesing, multiple
write characteristics, low-power consumption and also compact are the
7
reasons why this type of memory have been chosen. Based on a
comparison between flash memory and mechanical magnetic or optical
media was carried out by researcher in the past, flash memory is much
better because they do not have all of these desired features . Besides, due
to its portable design, stored data in flash memory can be transferred to a
personal computer easily. It is also capable on storing sensitive data
because of its security features inherent in the SD card .

MicroSD is one of removable flash memory card with smallest size (about
the size of fingernail) that used for storing data. Its size also can be
equated as quarter size of a normal SD card and have a read/write speed
between 3 to 5 MBps. In application, transflash and microSD are in the
same proceedings but microSD has support Secured Digital Input Output
(SDIO) mode. From that, non-memory card like near field communication
(NFC), bluetooth and Global Positioning System (GPS) devices to use the
card also.

Normally, Serial Peripheral Interface (SPI) is used by SD card as its

communication protocol with embedded microcontroller because it
supports only a 3.3-volt interface and also does not require a host license.
This protocol communicate in master/slave mode where the master
initiates the data frame. The presence of individual slave select lines can
allowed the functioning of multiple slave devices. Occasionally, four-wire
serial bus, contrasting with three-, two-, and one-wire serial bus also
referred to SPI. There are a few numbers of standard SPI interface
structure used which are SDO (Serial Data Out/ Error), SDI (Serial data
8
in), SCK (Serial Clock).

9
Based on a comparison between flash memory and mechanical magnetic or
optical media was carried out by researcher in the past, flash memory is much
better because they do not have all of these desired features . Besides, due to its
portable design, stored data in flash memory can be transferred to a personal
computer easily. It is also capable on storing sensitive data because of its
security features inherent in the SD card .

Figure 2.2 SPI BUS ( single master and single slave )

2.4 School of information technology faculty monitoring using RFID-

Justin Lee(2013)

Students attendance have been considered as one of the crucial elements or

issues that reflects the academic achievements and the performance contributed
to any university compared to the traditional methods that impose
time-consuming and inefficiency. Diverse automatic identification
technologies have been more in vogue such as Radio Frequency
Identification (RFID). An extensive researcand several applications are
produced to take maximum advantage of this technology and bring about
some concerns.

10
RFID is a wireless technology which uses to a purpose ofidentifying and
tracking an object via radio waves to transferdata from an electronic tag,
called RFID tag or label to send datato RFID reader.

The current study focuses on proposing anRFID based Attendance

Management System (AMS) and alsoinformation service system for an
academic domain by using RFID technology in addition to the programmable
Logic Circuit(such as Arduino), and web-based application

FIGURE 2.3 Justin Lee Technology

11
The proposed system aims to manage student’s attendance recording and
provides the capabilities of tracking student absentee as well, supporting
information services include students grading marks, daily timetable, lectures
time and classroom numbers, and other student-related instructions provided
by faculty department staff.
Based on the results, the proposed attendance and information system is
time-effective and it reduces the documentation efforts as well as, it does
not have any power consumption. Besides, students attendance RFID based
systems that have been proposed are also analyzed and criticized respect
to systems functionalities and main findings.

Likewise, Yuru et al., 2013 is presented an integrated student attendance

system which based on RFID technology and the hardware node of the
system, and the development processes of related application have been
presented in details . In addition to, student’s attendance RFID designed
by Kurniali et al., 2014 that collected web-based with RFID readings and
the main findings of the proposed system was to reduce or eliminate the manual
labour requirements. As well as, the system provided faster processes, less
inventory, fewer efforts, and better quality via providing direct cost savings
while it caused some technical issues and slow system deployment

12
FIGURE 2.4 Technology Working

13
 CHAPTER 3

3.1 PROPOSED SYSTEM

In the proposed system, An attendance tracker using RFID and GSM is
a system designed to simplify attendance management in educational
institutions, organizations, and other settings. The system utilizes Radio
Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and Global System for Mobile
communication (GSM) to monitor the attendance of students or
employees. In this system, each individual is given a unique RFID tag that
they carry with them. When they enter or leave a particular location, the
RFID tag is scanned, and the information is transmitted to the system's
database through a GSM module. This data is then processed and made
available to authorized personnel in real-time, enabling them to easily
monitor attendance, track absences, and generate reports.

3.1.1 OBJECTIVES OF PROPOSED SYSTEM

 In the proposed system, a product idea of a device named

‘Athena’ is presented.
 Our device aims at performing attendance tracking functions for
students using IOT.
 To decrease the time taken for tracking attendance.

 TTo develop data base(PLX-DAQ) for storing information that has be

gathered using RFID

14
3.2 ARCHITECTURE

FIGURE 3.1 System Architecture

The architecture shown in fig 3.1 the input and output components used in our
project. All the various sensors connected measures the real time data and sends it to
the controller unit. The controller as per programmed, senses the value to the cloud
and also alerts the person at the used end.

15
 CHAPTER 4

HARDWARE
4.1COMPONENTS REQUIRED FOR THE PROJECT
 ARDUINO UNO
 RFID TAG
 RFID READER
 BREAD BOARD
 GSM SIM 800L and POWER BOARD
 SD CARD MODULE
4.1.1 ARDUINO UNO
It is an open-source platform used for building electronics
projects. Arduino consists of both a physical programmable circuit board
(often referred to as a microcontroller) and a piece of software, or IDE
(Integrated Development Environment) that runs on your computer, used
to write and upload computer code to the physical board. The Arduino
platform has become quite popular 3 with people just starting out with
electronics, and for good reason. Unlike most previous programmable
circuit boards, the Arduino does not need a separate piece of hardware
(called a programmer) in order to load new code onto the board -- you can
simply use a USB cable. Additionally, the Arduino IDE uses a simplified
version of C++, making it easier to learn to program.

16
 FIGURE 4.1 Arduino UNO

The Uno is a great choice for your first Arduino. It's got everything you need to
get started, and nothing you don't. It has 14 digital input/output pins (of which 6
can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a USB connection, a power jack,
a reset button and more. It contains everything needed to support the
microcontroller simply connect it to a computer with a USB cable or power it
with a AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

This is Lilypad Arduino main board! Lilypad is a wearable e-textile technology

developed by Leah Buechley and cooperatively designed by Leah and Spark
Fun. Each Lilypad was creatively designed with large connecting pads and a flat
back to allow them to be sewn into clothing with conductive thread. The
Lilypad also has its own family of input, output, power, and sensor boards that
are also built specifically for e-textiles. They're even washable.

17
4.1.2 RFID READER
Radio-frequency identification (RFID) uses electromagnetic fields to
automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. The tags contain
electronically stored information. Passive tags collect energy from a nearby
RFID reader's interrogating radio waves. Active tags have a local power source
(such as a battery) and may operate hundreds of meters from the RFID reader.

Unlike a barcode, the tags don't need to be within the line of sight of the reader,
so it may be embedded in the tracked object. RFID is one method of automatic
identification and data capture (AIDC). RFID tags are used in many industries.
For example, an RFID tag attached to an automobile during production can be
used to track its progress through the assembly line; RFID-tagged xiv
pharmaceuticals can be tracked through warehouses; and implanting RFID
microchips in livestock and pets enables positive identification of animals.

FIGURE 4.2 RFID Module

Since RFID tags can be attached to cash, clothing, and possessions, or

implanted in animals and people, the possibility of reading personally
linked information without consent has raised serious privacy concerns.
18
4.1.3 RFID TAG

An Electronic Product Code (EPC) is one common type of data stored in a

tag. When written into the tag by an RFID printer, the tag contains a 96-bit
string of data. The first eight bits are a header which identifies the version of the
protocol. The next 28 bits identify the organization that manages the data for
this tag; the organization number is assigned by the EPCG lobal consortium.
The next 24 bits are an object class, identifying the kind of product; the last 36
bits are a unique serial number for a particular tag. These last two fields are set
by the organization that issued the tag. Rather like a URL, the total electronic
product code number can be used as a key into a global database to uniquely
identify a particular product.

FIGURE 4.3 RFID TAG

19
 4.1.4 SD CARD MODULE

SD cards or Micro SD cards are widely used in various applications, such as

data logging, data visualization, and many more. Micro SD Card Adapter
modules make it easier for us to access these SD cards with ease. The Micro SD
Card Adapter module is an easy-to-use module with an SPI interface and an on-
board 3.3V voltage regulator to provide proper supply to the SD card.

FIGURE 4.4 Card Module

A Micro SD Card adapter module can be easily connected to an MCU/MPU.

Since the module communicates via the SPI protocol, we need to connect the MISO,
MOSI, SCK, and CS of the module to the MCU’s.

20
4.1.5 GSM 800L

The SIM800L GSM/GPRS module is a miniature GSM modem that can be used
in a variety of IoT projects. You can use this module to do almost anything a
normal cell phone can do, such as sending SMS messages, making phone calls,
connecting to the Internet via GPRS, and much more.

FIGURE 4.5: GSM800L

To top it all off, the module supports quad-band GSM/GPRS networks, which
it will work almost anywhere in the world. The operating voltage of the chip
ranges from 3.4V to 4.4V, making it an ideal candidate for direct LiPo battery
supply. This makes it an excellent choice for embedding in projects with limited
space.

21
 CHAPTER 5
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION
5.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

FIGURE 5.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

5.2 WORKING METHODOLOGY

FIGURE 5.2 Working Methodology Diagram

22
In this project, we have used RFID reader, RFID tags, Arduino UNO, a local
database and C#. The user interface is created on C# and on the first page we
have provided four options i.e. Login, Student, about an exit. The Login option
is for the management from where you can log in and access the data by
providing the login details i.e. username and password. In the Student option,
which will be opened always, the user interface will always be opened and
whenever student will scan his card the attendance will be marked and will be
saved in the database with time and the time table will be showing there.
In the about section, there is detail about the project and by clicking the exit
button you can quit the application.
By logging in management can upload data, marks, assignment, and fee
notification and can view the same data can search the data. The assignment and
the fee notification will be emailed. We have created a separate window for
everything and your PC must be connected with the internet and the RFID while
using the application as the application is not accessible until the serial port is
open or in simple words until the Arduino is not connected.
As we have mentioned above that every RFID tag has a unique number so
whenever student will scan his card the RFID tag number will be sent to the
database and that unique tag number will be the identity of every single student.

23
RFID belongs to a group of technologies referred to as Automatic Identification
and Data Capture (AIDC). AIDC methods automatically identify objects, collect
data about them, and enter those data directly into computer systems with little
or no human intervention.
RFID methods utilize radio waves to accomplish this. At a simple level, RFID
systems consist of three components: an RFID tag or smart label, an RFID
reader, and an antenna. RFID tags contain an integrated circuit and an antenna,
which is used to transmit data to the RFID reader (also called an interrogator).
The reader then converts the radio waves to a more usable form of data.
Information collected from the tags is then transferred through a
communications interface to a host computer system, where the data can be
stored in a database and analyzed at a later time.

FIGURE 5.2: RFID Working Principle

The term RFID (radio frequency identification) is one type of electronic device
24
includes a small antenna and a chip. This device is used to transmit the
information like persons, animals, books or any stuff between reader and RFID
tag using radio frequency electromagnetic fields. It is capable of carrying 2k
bytes of data. There are different kinds of RFID systems in the market, which
consist of an antenna, a transponder, and a transceiver.

Some types of tags can be located close to the RFID reader and some tags can
be located far from the reader. The operating frequency ranges of these devices
mainly include low, mid and high ranges. The low-frequency range is from
30kHz to 500kHz, mid-frequency range is from 900kHz to 1500kHz and high-
frequency range is 2.4kHz to 2.5kHz.

25
 CHAPTER 6

CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK

6.1 SCREEN SHOT

FIGURE 6.1 PROJECT PROTOTYPE MODEL

The above figure shows the prototype of the proposed system

26
6.2 CONCLUSION

The RFID tag can be affixed to an object and used to track and
manage inventory, assets, people, etc. For example, it can be
affixed to cars, computer equipment, books, mobile phones, etc.
RFID offers advantages over manual systems or use of bar codes.
The tag can be read if passed near a reader, even if it is covered by
the object or not visible.
Active tags for tracking containers, medical assets, or monitoring
environmental conditions in data center‟s start at RS 4,000 and can
go up over RS 10,000 each. Battery-Assisted Passive (BAP) tags
are in the RS 250 - 800 range and also have sensor capability like
temperature and humidity.

6.3 FUTURE SCOPE

RFID attendance trackers using GSM SIM card modules have
significant potential in a variety of industries, including education,
healthcare, and manufacturing, among others. The technology's
future scope is largely dependent on the following factors:
Increased adoption: The future of RFID attendance trackers using
GSM SIM card modules is closely linked to their widespread
adoption. As more organizations embrace this technology, the

27
demand for it will increase, leading to further innovation and
development.

Integration with other systems: Integrating RFID attendance

trackers with other systems, such as payroll and HR management
systems, can increase their effectiveness and make them more
appealing to businesses.

Improved battery life: One of the major limitations of RFID

attendance trackers is the limited battery life. Improving the battery
life of these devices can make them more reliable and effective,
enabling them to be used in a wider range of applications.

Enhanced security features: As RFID attendance trackers become

more prevalent, ensuring the security of the data they collect and
transmit will become increasingly important. Incorporating robust
security features, such as encryption and authentication, can help
mitigate the risk of data breaches and protect user privacy.

Advancements in artificial intelligence: Artificial intelligence can

help optimize attendance tracking by analyzing attendance data
and identifying patterns and trends. By leveraging AI, RFID
attendance trackers can become more intelligent and provide

28
 deeper insights into attendance behavior.
Overall, the future of RFID attendance trackers using GSM SIM
card modules looks promising, and continued innovation and
development in this area are likely to drive further adoption and
expansion of this technology.

APPENDICES

CODE:

#include <SPI.h>
#include <MFRC522.h>
#include <SoftwareSerial.h>

#define SS_PIN 10
#define RST_PIN 9

#define GSM_TX_PIN 3
#define GSM_RX_PIN 2

String MasterTag = "ENTER_YOUR_TAG_ID";

String tagID = "";

29
SoftwareSerial gsmSerial(GSM_TX_PIN, GSM_RX_PIN);

MFRC522 mfrc522(SS_PIN, RST_PIN);

void setup() {
Serial.begin(9600);
gsmSerial.begin(9600);
SPI.begin();
mfrc522.PCD_Init();
mfrc522.PCD_DumpVersionToSerial();
Serial.println("Initializing...");
delay(2000);
gsmSerial.println("AT");
updateSerial();
gsmSerial.println("AT+CMGF=1");
updateSerial();
}

void loop() {
while (getID()) {
if (tagID == MasterTag) {
30
 Serial.println("Access Granted!");
sendSMS("Access Granted!");
}
else {
Serial.println("Access Denied!");
}
delay(2000);
Serial.println("Scan Your Card>>");
}
}

boolean getID() {
if (!mfrc522.PICC_IsNewCardPresent()) {
return false;
}
if (!mfrc522.PICC_ReadCardSerial()) {
return false;
}
tagID = "";
for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
tagID.concat(String(mfrc522.uid.uidByte[i], HEX));
}
31
 tagID.toUpperCase();
mfrc522.PICC_HaltA();
return true;
}

void sendSMS(String message) {

gsmSerial.println("AT+CMGS=\"+917358195814\"");
updateSerial();
gsmSerial.print(message);
updateSerial();
gsmSerial.write(26);
}

void updateSerial() {
delay(500);
while (Serial.available()) {
gsmSerial.write(Serial.read());
}

while (gsmSerial.available()) {
32
 Serial.write(gsmSerial.read());
}
}

33
RESULTS –

FIGURE 6.2: Result

34
 REFERENCES

1. T.S. Lim, S.C. Sim and M.M. Mansor, ―RFID Based Attendance System‖
2009 IEEE Symposium on Industrial Electronics and Applications (ISIEA
2009), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, October 4-6, 2009.
2. Zhang Yuru, Chen Delong and Tan Liping, ―The Research and Application
of College Student Attendance System based on RFID Technology‖
International Journal of Control and Automation Vol. 6, No. 2, April, 2013.
3. Sumita Nainan, Romin Parekh and Tanvi Shah,―RFID Technology Based
Attendance Management System‖ IJCSI International Journal Of Computer
Science Issues, Vol. 10, Issue 1, No 1, January 2013.
4. Ankita Agrawal and Ashish Bansal,―Online Attendance Management
System Using RFID with Object Counter‖ International Journal of Information
and Computation Technology, ISSN 0974-2239 Volume 3, © International
Research Publications House, Number 3 (2013), pp. 131- 138.
5. Mohd. Firdaus Bin Mahyidin. “Student Attendance Using RFID System”. in
University Malaysia, Pahang, May2008.
6. RFIDSensNet Lab (2005), A white paper on Automatic Attendance System.
Texas A & MUniversity, Texas, USA. 33
7. Longe O.O. (2009),” Implementation of Student Attendance System using
RFID Technology”, B. Tech Project Report, Ladoke Akintola University of
Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria.
8. Liu C.M and Chen L.S (2009), "Applications of RFID technology for
improving productionefficiency in an Integrated-circuit packaging house,"
35
International Journal of Production Research,vol 47, no. 8, pp. 22032216.
9. Bardaki C., Kourouthanassis P. and Pramatari K., (2012), Deploying RFID-
Enabled Services inthe Retail Supply Chain: Lessons Learned toward the
Internet of Things, Information SystemsManagement, Vol. 29: no.3, pp. 233-
245
10. Nambiar A.N. (2009),” A supply chain perspective of RFID Systems”,
World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology Journal, Volume 6,
pp1-5
11. Victor S, Jonathan M, Reece J, and Lemire J (2003),” Student Wolfpack
Club Tracking System”, North Carolina State University. USA.
12. Ononiwu G., C hiagozie, Okorafor G. Nwaji. “Radio Frequency
Identification (RFID) BasedAttendance System with Automatic Door Unit”. in
Academic Research, International, ISSNL-L:2223-9553. 2012; 2(2).
13. Elisabeth I., Zsolt K., Peter E., Laszlo M., “The RFID Technology and its
Current Applications” in MITIP-2006.
14.EAGLE files: arduino-duemilanove-uno-design.zip and Schematic: arduino-
unoschematic.pd

36
 PROGRAM OUTCOMES

PO Graduate
Program Outcomes (POs)
No. Attribute
Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering
Engineering
PO1 fundamentals, and an engineering specialization for the
knowledge
solution of complex engineering problems.
Identify, formulate, research literature, and analyze complex
engineering problems reaching substantiated conclusions
PO2 Problem analysis
using first principles of mathematics, natural sciences, and
engineering sciences.
Design solutions for complex engineering problems and
Design/ design system components or processes that meet the
PO3 development of specified needs with appropriate consideration for public
solutions health and safety, and cultural, societal, and environmental
considerations.
Use research-based knowledge and research methods
Conduct
including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation
PO4 investigations of
of data, and synthesis of the information to provide valid
complex Problems
conclusions.
Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources,
and modern engineering and IT tools, including prediction
PO5 Modern tool usage
and modeling to complex engineering activities, with an
understanding of the limitations.
Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to
The engineer and assess societal, health, safety, legal and cultural issues and
PO6
society the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional
engineering practice.
Understand the impact of the professional engineering
Environment and
PO7 solutions in societal and environmental contexts, and
Sustainability
demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable

37
 development.

Apply ethical principles and common to professional ethics

PO8 Ethics
and responsibilities and norms of the engineering practice.
Individual and Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or
PO9
team work leader in diverse teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities
with the engineering community and with the society at
PO10 Communication large, such as, being able to comprehend and withe effective
reports and design documentation, make effective
presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the
Project
engineering and management principles and apply these to
PO11 management and
one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to
finance
manage projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability
PO12 Life-long learning to engage in independent and life-long learning in the
broadest context of technological change.

Mapping of Program outcomes with the Project titled “ ATTENDANCE TRACKING SYSTEM

USING RFID AND GSM MODULE”

PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12

38
 PROGRAM SPECIFIC OUTCOMES
B.E COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

PSO No. Program Specific Outcomes

To analyze, design and develop computing solutions by applying
PSO1
foundational concepts of computer science and engineering.
To apply software engineering principles and practices for developing quality
PSO2
software for scientific and business applications.
To adapt to emerging Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to
PSO3
innovate ideas and solutions to existing/novel problems

PSO1 PSO2 PSO3

Signature of Guide

39