A

Micro Project
On

“SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT”

Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of

Diploma of Engineering
in
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
By
1. Ramdas Chalke
2. Arun Kumar
3. Aniket Chauhan
4. Prithviraj Sharma
5. Afaque Shaikh

under the guidance of

Prof. Pratik Gurav

Department of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

2024 – 2025
 CERTIFICATE

VIVA COLLEGE OF DIPLOMA ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

VIRAR (W)
2024-25

This is to certify that the micro project entitled “Solid Waste Management” has been
submitted under the guidance of Prof. Pratik Gurav in partial fulfillment of the requirement
for the award of Diploma of Engineering in Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning
from Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education.

“ SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT”

GROUP MEMBERS
1. Ramdas Chalke
2. Arun Rajesh Kumar
3. Aniket Chauhan
4. Prithviraj Sharma
5. Afaque Shaikh

Project Guide H.O.D

Prof. PRATIK GURAV Prof. POONAM JADHAV
 INDEX

Sr. Name of the topic Page

No. no.

PART - A PLAN
1 Brief Introduction 4
2 Aim of the Micro-Project 6
3 Action Plan 7
4 Resources Required 8

PART - B OUTCOMES
1 Brief Description 9
2 Aim of Micro-Project 11
3 Course Outcomes Integrated 12
4 Actual Procedure Followed 13
5 Actual Resources Used 14
6 Output of the Micro-Project 15
7 Skill Developed 17
Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V
PART-A PLAN

1.0 Brief Introduction

The goal of solid waste management is to reduce the environmental impact of waste,
conserve resources, promote sustainability, and protect public health by ensuring that
waste is handled efficiently and responsibly. It also aims to move towards a circular
economy, where waste is minimized, and materials are continuously reused or recycled.
Solid waste management is the systematic process of handling, collecting, treating, and
disposing of solid materials that are discarded by human activities. It includes managing
waste from households, industries, commercial establishments, and other sources in
ways that minimize its environmental, health, and economic impacts.
Key Features are :-
1. Waste Generation: Understanding the types and quantities of waste produced, such
as organic, recyclable, hazardous, and non-recyclable waste.
2. Waste Collection: Organizing the collection and transportation of waste from its
source (homes, businesses, etc.) to treatment or disposal facilities.
3. Waste Segregation: Sorting waste at the source or later stages into categories like
recyclables, compostables, hazardous waste, etc., to facilitate its appropriate
processing.
4. Waste Treatment: Processing waste to recover materials, energy, or compost
(through recycling, composting, incineration, etc.), or making it safe for disposal.
5. Waste Disposal: Safely disposing of waste that cannot be reused or treated, usually
in landfills or through controlled incineration
6. Recycling and Recovery: Extracting valuable resources (like metals, paper, and
plastics) from waste to re-enter the production cycle and reduce the need for virgin
materials.
7. Composting: Converting organic waste into compost, which can be used as a soil
conditioner or fertilizer.
8. Energy Recovery: Generating energy from waste through methods like incineration
or biogas production.
9. Landfill Management: Safely operating and maintaining landfills to minimize
environmental risks such as air and water pollution.

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V
10. Advanced Recycling Technologies: Innovations such as chemical recycling,
where plastics are broken down to their basic chemical components and reused, are
helping to manage waste that would otherwise end up in landfills. Additionally,
AI-powered sorting machines are improving the efficiency of recycling plants by
accurately identifying and separating different types of waste materials.
11. Waste-to-Energy Solutions: Technologies that convert waste into usable forms of
energy (such as biogas or electricity) are becoming more prevalent. Incineration
plants, anaerobic digesters, and gasification technologies are being deployed to
transform non-recyclable waste into power, reducing the need for landfills and
offering a cleaner energy source.
12. Smart Waste Management: IoT (Internet of Things) technology is being used to
improve waste collection efficiency. Smart sensors installed in trash bins can
monitor fill levels and optimize collection routes, reducing fuel consumption and
costs for waste management companies. This approach also helps ensure that
waste is collected before bins overflow, maintaining cleaner urban environments.
13. Zero-Waste Initiatives: Many cities and communities are adopting zero-waste
goals, aiming to send no waste to landfills or incineration by maximizing
recycling, composting, and reuse. These programs encourage citizens and
businesses to minimize their waste generation and to participate actively in waste
diversion efforts.

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

2.0 AIM of Micro-Project

The aim of solid waste management is to efficiently manage and minimize the adverse
impacts of waste on the environment, human health, and the economy.
 Protecting Human Health and the Environment: Proper waste management
reduces pollution, prevents contamination of air, water, and soil, and minimizes
health hazards caused by improper waste disposal.
 Resource Conservation: Solid waste management promotes recycling, reusing, and
recovering materials, which helps conserve natural resources and reduce the need for
raw materials.
 Reducing Waste Volume: Effective waste management strategies focus on reducing
the amount of waste generated, through practices such as waste minimization,
recycling, and composting.
 Sustainable Development: It supports sustainability by promoting eco-friendly
waste handling practices that reduce environmental impacts and contribute to a
circular economy.
 Economic Efficiency: Proper management ensures that waste is handled in a cost-
effective manner, reducing the financial burden on municipalities and industries.
 Compliance with Regulations: Waste management ensures adherence to local,
national, and international regulations related to waste disposal, pollution control,
and environmental protection.

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V
3.0 Action Plan

Sr. No Details of Activity Planned Planned Name of Responsible

Start Date Finish Date Team Members
Ramdas Chalke, Arun
1 Project selection Kumar, Aniket Chauhan,
Prithviraj Sharma,
Afaque Shaikh

Identifying project Ramdas Chalke,

2 Prithviraj Sharma,
outcomes Afaque Shaikh

Identifying Arun Kumar, Aniket

3 resources required Chauhan, Afaque Shaikh

Implementation Ramdas Chalke, Aniket

4 Chauhan, Afaque Shaikh
Of project

Prithviraj Sharma, Aniket

5 Chauhan, Afaque Shaikh
Final outcome

Ramdas Chalke, Arun

6 Documentation Kumar, Aniket Chauhan,
Prithviraj Sharma,
Afaque Shaikh

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

4.0 Resources Required

Sr. Name of Specification Remarks

No Resource

1 Computer system 12th Gen Intel(R)

-
Core (TM) i5
RAM: 16 GB
2 Software used Microsoft -

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 Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

PART-B OUTCOME
1.0 Brief Description

 Solid Waste Management (SWM) handles waste from generation to disposal,

including segregation, collection, processing, and safe disposal. It aims to reduce
environmental impact, conserve resources, and promote recycling.
1. Community Engagement
Community involvement is crucial for the success of SWM systems. Engaging
citizens through awareness programs, workshops, and incentives encourages
responsible waste disposal and recycling habits. For example, cities can organize "zero
waste" campaigns, teaching people how to compost kitchen scraps or reduce single-
use plastics. Community-driven clean-up events also foster a sense of responsibility
and ownership, helping maintain cleaner neighborhoods.
2. Smart Bins
Smart bins are equipped with sensors that monitor the fill level in real-time and send
alerts when they need to be emptied. This technology optimizes waste collection
routes, reducing the frequency of pickups, saving on fuel costs, and lowering carbon
emissions. Additionally, smart bins can be integrated with AI to sort recyclable
materials at the source, improving waste segregation efficiency.
3. Pay-As-You-Throw (PAYT)
PAYT is a pricing strategy where residents are charged based on the amount of waste
they produce, much like utility bills. The less waste a household generates, the less
they pay, which encourages waste reduction, recycling, and composting. This system
creates an economic incentive for people to minimize their waste output, leading to a
significant decrease in landfill use
4. Decentralized Waste Management
Unlike traditional centralized waste management, which relies on large landfills and
incineration plants, decentralized systems create small, localized treatment centers.
These centers handle waste closer to where it's generated, reducing the need for long-

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

distance transport. Examples include community composting sites, mini-recycling

hubs, and local waste-to-energy plants. This approach cuts down transportation costs,
reduces emissions, and fosters local employment.
5. Waste-to-Biofuel
Organic waste, such as food scraps, agricultural residues, and animal waste, can be
processed into biofuels like biogas, biodiesel, and ethanol. Technologies like
anaerobic digestion break down organic materials in the absence of oxygen, producing
biogas that can be used as a renewable energy source for electricity, heating, or vehicle
fuel. This not only diverts waste from landfills but also provides an alternative to fossil
fuels, reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
6. Circular Economy
The circular economy concept shifts away from the traditional linear model of “take,
make, dispose” to a more sustainable system where products and materials are
continuously reused, repaired, refurbished, or recycled. This approach emphasizes
designing products that last longer and can be easily disassembled at the end of their
life for material recovery. It helps reduce waste generation and preserves natural
resources.
7. Plastic Waste Management
Plastic waste is one of the most challenging types of waste due to its non-
biodegradable nature. Advanced technologies, like pyrolysis and chemical recycling,
convert plastic waste into valuable products, such as synthetic crude oil, which can be
further refined into fuels and chemicals. This process reduces plastic pollution and
transforms waste into a resource, contributing to a circular economy.
8. Carbon Credit Systems
Carbon credits are part of environmental finance mechanisms where companies or
governments earn credits for reducing their carbon footprint through activities like
waste reduction, recycling, or capturing methane from landfills.

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

2.0 AIM of Micro-Project

The aim of solid waste management is to efficiently manage and minimize the adverse
impacts of waste on the environment, human health, and the economy.
 Protecting Human Health and the Environment: Proper waste management
reduces pollution, prevents contamination of air, water, and soil, and minimizes
health hazards caused by improper waste disposal.
 Resource Conservation: Solid waste management promotes recycling, reusing,
and recovering materials, which helps conserve natural resources and reduce the
need for raw materials.
 Reducing Waste Volume: Effective waste management strategies focus on
reducing the amount of waste generated, through practices such as waste
minimization, recycling, and composting.
 Sustainable Development: It supports sustainability by promoting eco-friendly
waste handling practices that reduce environmental impacts and contribute to a
circular economy.
 Economic Efficiency: Proper management ensures that waste is handled in a cost-
effective manner, reducing the financial burden on municipalities and industries.
 Compliance with Regulations: Waste management ensures adherence to local,
national, and international regulations related to waste disposal, pollution control,
and environmental protection.

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

3.0 Course Outcomes (CO)

 Understand Waste Types and Characteristics: Identify different types of solid

waste (municipal, industrial, hazardous, etc.) and understand their physical,
chemical, and biological characteristics.
 Apply Waste Management Principles: Apply the fundamental principles of solid
waste management, including the waste hierarchy (reduce, reuse, recycle), landfill
design, composting, and waste-to-energy processes.
 Develop Waste Collection and Transportation Strategies: Design and manage
effective solid waste collection, transportation, and transfer systems for urban and
rural settings.
 Assess Environmental and Health Impacts: Evaluate the environmental, social,
and health impacts of improper waste disposal and the benefits of proper waste
management practices.
 Implement Waste Minimization Techniques: Propose and implement waste
reduction strategies and recycling programs to minimize waste generation at the
source.
 Analyse Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods: Critically analyse different
waste treatment technologies such as composting, incineration, anaerobic digestion,
and landfilling, and choose appropriate methods based on environmental and
economic considerations.
 Comply with Waste Management Legislation: Understand and interpret national
and international regulations and policies related to solid waste management, and
ensure compliance in professional practice.
 Promote Sustainable Waste Management: Develop and promote sustainable
waste management practices that contribute to circular economy models and
sustainability goals.

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

4.0 Procedure Followed

1. Problem Identification and Goal Setting: Define the waste management issues
(e.g., high landfill use, poor segregation) and set clear goals for your project (e.g.,
increase recycling rates, reduce waste).

2. Data Collection and Analysis: Gather data on waste types, quantities, and sources.
Analyze current waste management practices, costs, and environmental impact to
identify gaps.

3. System Design: Develop a plan for waste segregation, collection, processing, and
disposal. Incorporate modern technologies like smart bins, recycling systems, and
waste-to-energy solutions.

4. Technology Integration: Integrate IoT sensors, AI sorting, or other tech tools to

enhance monitoring, optimize routes, and improve waste handling

5. Stakeholder Engagement: Involve local authorities, businesses, and communities

to ensure compliance and cooperation. Conduct awareness programs to educate the
public on waste segregation.

6. Implementation: Set up the infrastructure for collection, processing, and disposal.

Test the system to ensure it works effectively.

7. Monitoring and Evaluation: Continuously monitor the performance of the SWM

system using data analytics. Evaluate the success against your goals and adjust as
necessary.

8. Scaling and Optimization: Expand and refine the system based on feedback and
performance data to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and enhance sustainability.

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

5.0 Resources Used

Sr. Name of Specification Remarks

No Resource

12th Gen Intel(R)

-
1 Computer system Core (TM) i5
RAM: 16 GB

Microsoft -
2 Software used

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 Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

6.0 Output of the Micro-project

The outputs of solid waste management refer to the tangible and intangible results
achieved through the proper handling, processing, and disposal of waste. These outputs
benefit the environment, economy, and public health. Key outputs include:
1. Reduced Environmental Pollution:
 Air Pollution: Lower emissions of harmful gases (methane, carbon dioxide, etc.) from
landfills and incinerators through proper waste handling.
 Water Pollution: Minimized contamination of water bodies through appropriate waste
disposal, preventing leachate formation and surface runoff.
 Soil Pollution: Reduced soil contamination from hazardous waste and improper dumping.
2. Resource Recovery and Recycling:
 Recycled Materials: Recovery of valuable resources like paper, plastics, metals, and glass
that can be reused in production, reducing the need for virgin materials.
 Compost: Production of compost from organic waste that enriches soil and supports
agriculture.
 Energy Recovery: Generation of energy through waste-to-energy technologies such as
incineration, anaerobic digestion, and landfill gas recovery.
3. Economic Benefits:
 Cost Savings: Reduced costs for waste disposal, raw material procurement, and energy
production through recycling and resource recovery.
 Job Creation: Employment opportunities in waste collection, sorting, recycling, and
treatment facilities.
4. Improved Public Health:
 Reduced Disease and Pest Control: Proper waste management prevents the spread of
diseases and reduces pest infestations (e.g., rodents, insects) that thrive in unmanaged waste.
 Cleaner Living Environment: Improved sanitation and cleanliness in urban and rural areas,
leading to healthier communities.

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 Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

7.0 Skill Developed

Solid waste management helps develop a range of technical, managerial, and interpersonal
skills. These skills are valuable for professionals in environmental engineering, urban
planning, sustainability, and related fields. Key skills developed include:
1. Technical Skills:
 Waste Characterization: Ability to classify and understand the composition of different
types of solid waste (organic, inorganic, hazardous, etc.).
 Waste Treatment and Disposal Methods: Expertise in various waste treatment
technologies such as composting, recycling, incineration, and landfill management.
 Data Analysis: Analyzing waste generation data, waste flow patterns, and processing
outcomes to optimize waste management systems.
2. Problem-Solving and Critical Thinking:
 Innovative Solutions: Developing creative approaches to reduce waste generation, enhance
recycling, and improve waste treatment efficiency.
 Risk Management: Identifying potential risks (e.g., pollution, health hazards) and
formulating strategies to mitigate them.
3. Project Management:
 Planning and Coordination: Designing, implementing, and managing waste management
projects, from collection systems to large-scale waste treatment plants.
 Time and Resource Management: Efficiently using resources such as personnel,
equipment, and finances to ensure that waste management processes run smoothly and
sustainably.
 Budgeting: Allocating funds and managing the financial aspects of waste collection,
recycling programs, and disposal activities.
4. Regulatory and Compliance Knowledge:
 Legislation Awareness: Understanding and applying national and international regulations
related to solid waste, hazardous materials, and environmental protection.
 Environmental Auditing: Conducting audits to ensure compliance with waste management
policies, sustainability goals, and health and safety standards.

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

Rubric for Evaluation of a Micro Project

Sr. Criteria Poor Average Good Not

No. (1-3) (4-7) (8-10) Applicable

1 Relevance to the course

2 Literature Survey

3 Project Proposal

4 Completion of the Target as per

project proposal

5 Analysis of Data and

representation

5 Quality of Prototype/Model

6 Report Preparation

7 Presentation

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Solid Waste Management System EST 22447 , Sem V

Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project

Academic Year:_________ Name of Faculty:_______________

Course:_____________ Course Code:____________ Semester:_______________

Title of the Project:________________________________________________________________________

COs addressed by the Micro Project:

A. _________________________________________________________________________
B. _________________________________________________________________________
C. _________________________________________________________________________
D. _________________________________________________________________________
E. _________________________________________________________________________
Major Learning Outcomes achieved by students by doing the Project:
A. Practical Outcomes: _______________________________________________________
B. Unit Outcomes in Cognitive domain:__________________________________________
C. Outcomes in Affective Domain: ______________________________________________

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any):

Roll Marks out of 6 for Marks out of 4 for TOTAL

Name of MARKS
no. performance in group performance in oral /
Student OUT OF 10
activity presentation

Name & Signature of Faculty

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