Government Polytechnic, Jalna

Computer Engineering Department

Micro project Details

ANNEXURE-II
Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project (*****)

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Academic Year: 2024-25 Course: CO5I Semester:FIFTH
Name of faculty:J.K.Phonerkar Course Code:22447 Subject:EST

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Title of the Projects

“ SOLID WEST MANAGEMENT”

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COs addressed by Micro projects:

A. Develop Public Awareness about environment

B. Apply techniques to reduce Environmental Pollution

C. Conserve Ecosystem and Biodiversity

Major Learning Outcomes Achieved by students by doing the projects A.

B.

C.
Comments /Suggestion about Term work /leadership /Interpersonal Communication (if any)

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 Marks Evolution:

Staff Remark:

Roll Enrollment Name Of Students Seat Marks Out of 6 Marks Out Total
No No Number for performance of 6 for Out Of
in group activity performance 10
(D5.Col 8) in group
activity D5.
Col
22 2201200186 Santosh Vikas Kapse 400750

26 2201200190 Pavan Sanjay Kelode 400754

53 2201200221 Nikhil Gajanan 400781
Waghamare

Guide H.O.D Principal

J.K.Phonerkar Mr.P.B.Agrawal MR.N.R.Javade

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 Government Polytechnic, Jalna
Computer Engineering Department

Micro project on
“SOLID WEST MANAGEMENT ”
Subject : EST

Group Members

Enrollment Exam seat Name Of the

Sr.No Roll No
No no Students
1) 22 2201200186 400750 Santosh Vikas Kapse
Pavan Sanjay
2) 26 2201200190 400754
Kelode
Nikhil Gajanan
3) 53 2201200221 400781
Waghamare

Guide H.O.D
J.K.Phonerkar Mr.P.B. Agrawal

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 Undertaking

I declare that the work presented in this project titled “SOLID WEST
MANAGEMENT”, Submitted to the Computer engineering department.
Bareilly for the award of “Diploma in Computer Engineering
Department” is my original work. I have not plagiarized or submitted
the same work for the award of any other diploma.

In case this undertaking is found incorrect, I accept that my diploma may

be unconditionally withdrawn.

Date:
Place: Jalna

Name of the students

1.Santosh Vikas Kapse
2. Pavan Sanjay Kelode
3. Nikhil Gajanan Waghamare

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 Index

Sr.No Content Page No

1. Introduction 6
2. Major sources 8-9
3. Advantages 10
4. Disadvantages 11
5. Conclusion 12

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Introduction About Solid Waste :

Municipal solid waste can further be divided into biodegradable, recyclable and
hazardous domestic wastes. The biodegradable waste includes rotten food,
vegetable peel and mostly wet kitchen waste. Recyclable waste includes plastic and
hazardous wastes include, bulb, batteries, etc.
The industry generated waste from chemical factories, medical waste from
hospitals are considered as Hazardous Solid Waste and they need special settings
to dispose of them.In any region, solid waste management is very important for the
safe disposal of wastes and to reduce environmental pollution and avoid any health
hazards that it may cause.Landfills are the most common method of disposing of
solid wastes. Modern-day landfills aredesigned by taking care of various
environmental factors and types of wastes, so as to minimise pollutionand health
risks.

Definition of waste :

Waste is a term generally used to describe the materials we throw away. In the
United state of America it includes objects the lay audience commonly calls
garbage, refuse and trash (Davis and
Masten, 2004). The oxford advance dictionary defined waste as unused materials
or substance produced while making something. Another dictionary – the word net
dictionary defined waste as any material unused and rejected as worthless or
unwanted.

Solid waste management funding :

Funding is one of the most importance requirements for the success of solid waste
management.In developed countries such as the United States of America (USA)
waste management funding policies are well in place, but in developing countries
solid waste managementis given very low priority, very limited funds are therefore
provided to the solid waste management
sector by the government

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Categories of Waste :

•Organic waste: Kitchen waste, waste from food preparation, vegetables,

flowers, leaves, fruits, And marketplaces.

•Combustibles: Paper, wood, dried leaves, packaging for relief items, etc. This
category of waste entails those that are highly organic and have low moisture
content.

•Non-combustibles: Metal, tins, cans, bottles, stones, etc.

•Toxic waste: Old medicines, paints, chemicals, bulbs, spray cans, fertilizer,
and pesticide containers, batteries, and shoe polish.

•Recyclables: Paper, glass, metals, plastics.

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 •Ashes or Dust: Residue from fires used for cooking
• Construction waste: Rubble, roofing, broken concrete, etc.
• Hazardous waste: Oil, battery acid, medical waste, industrial waste,
hospital waste.
• Dead animals: Carcasses of dead livestock or other animals.
• Bulky waste: Tree branches, tires, etc.
• Soiled waste: Hospital waste such as cloth soiled with blood and other
body fluids.

The following are major sources of solid waste:

1. Residential :

Residences and homes where people live are some of the major sources of solid
waste. The garbage from these places includes food waste, plastics, paper,
glass, leather, cardboard, metals, yard waste, ashes, and special wastes like bulky
household items such as electronics, tires, batteries, old
mattresses, and used oil.Most homes have garbage bins to hold their solid wastes
before the bin is emptied by a garbage collecting firm or person for treatment.

2. Industrial

Industries are among the biggest contributors to solid waste generation, notable
examplesbeing the light and heavy manufacturing industries, construction
sites, fabrication plants,canning plants, power plants, and chemical plants.
These industries produce a wide range of solid waste, including housekeeping
waste, food waste, packaging waste, ashes, construction and demolition materials,
special wastes, medical wastes , and other hazardous wastes.

3. Commercial :

Commercial facilities and buildings are yet another source of solid waste today.
Commercial buildings and facilities, in this case, refer to hotels, markets,
restaurants, godowns, stores, and office buildings.Some of the solid wastes
generated from these places include plastics,food wastes, metals,
paper,glass, wood, cardboard materials, special wastes, and other hazardous
wastes.

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4. Institutional

Institutional centers like schools, colleges, prisons, military barracks, and other
government centers also produce solid waste.

5. Municipal Services

The urban centers also contribute immensely to the solid waste crisis in most
countries today.Some of the solid waste from municipal services include street
cleaning, wastes from parks and beaches, wastewater treatment plants,
landscaping wastes, and wastes from recreational areas, including sludge.

6. Treatment Plants and Sites

Heavy and light manufacturing plants, including refineries, power plants,

processing plants, mineral extraction plants, and chemical plants, also produce
solid waste.Among the wastes produced by these plants are industrial process
wastes, unwanted specificationproducts, plastics, and metal parts, just to
mention a few.

7. Impact on Land and Aquatic Animals :

Our carelessness with our waste and garbage also affects animals, and they
suffer the effectsof pollution caused by improperly disposed of waste and
rubbish.Consuming styrofoam and cigarette butts have been known to
cause deaths in marineanimals. Animals are also at risk of poisoning while
consuming grasses near contaminated areas or
landfills as the toxins seep into the soil.

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Advantages :

• Reduces Pollution – Solid waste management reduces pollution by

preventing waste materials from contaminating the air, water, and soil.

• Creates Jobs – Solid waste management creates jobs in various fields

such as
• waste collection,treatment, recycling, and composting.

• Saves Energy – Solid waste management saves energy by recovering

energy from waste materials through processes such as incineration and
anaerobic digestion.

• Conserves Resources – Solid waste management conserves resources by

promoting recycling and reuse of waste materials.

• Promotes Public Health – Solid waste management promotes public

health by reducing the risk of exposure to hazardous waste materials.

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Disadvantages :

• Costly – Solid waste management can be expensive, particularly for

governments
• and municipalities that must fund waste collection and treatment programs.

• Environmental Impact – Solid waste management can have a negative

impact on theenvironment. Waste treatment facilities can release pollutants
into the air and water, contributing to air and water pollution.

• Health Hazards – Solid waste management can pose health hazards to

workers who handlewaste materials. Exposure to hazardous waste materials
can cause respiratory problems, skinirritation, and other health problems.

• Limited Resources – Solid waste management relies on limited resources

such as land, water,and energy.

• Inefficient – Solid waste management can be inefficient, particularly in

developing countrieswhere waste collection and treatment infrastructure may
be lacking.

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Conclusion :
Human ways of life have placed pressure on the environment and have caused
imbalance inthe eco systems by the producing, consuming and wasting of
natural resources. Most countries evidently have major effects on the
environment due to SW generation with economic development since the natural
resources are used, and waste and pollution are produced. Therefore, the concern
towards the management of solid waste as an integral part for sustainable
development has increased.

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