Book 1B Lesson Worksheet 8A (Refer to §8.

1B)

8.1B Rectangular Coordinate Plane

Fig. 1 shows a rectangular coordinate plane. The x-axis y-axis x-coordinate of P

and the y-axis intersect at a point called the origin. P(2 , 3)
The position of a point can be represented by an ordered y-coordinate of P
pair (a , b), i.e. the coordinates of that point.
x-axis
e.g. The coordinates of the origin are (0 , 0),
the coordinates of point P are (2 , 3), and origin
the coordinates of point Q are (–2 , –1). Q(–2 , –1) Fig. 1

1. Write down the x-coordinate of each of the following points.

(a) A(3 , 6) (b) B(–2 , –7)

2. Write down the y-coordinate of each of the following points.

(a) C(–9 , 1) (b) D(4 , –5)
Ex 8A 1, 2
Example 1 Instant Drill 1
Write down the coordinates of point A in the figure Write down the coordinates of points B and C in the
below. figure below.

Sol The coordinates of A are (–2 , 3). Sol The coordinates of B are ( , ).
Write x-coordinate first, then y-coordinate. The coordinates of C are ( , ).

3. Write down the coordinates of points E and F 4. Write down the coordinates of points G and H
in the figure below. in the figure below.

E
Note the
scales of
H
the axes.

Ex 8A 3, 4, 6, 7

35
 The x-axis and the y-axis divide a rectangular coordinate quadrant II quadrant I
plane into 4 quadrants. The signs of coordinates of the (– , +) (+ , +)
points in each quadrant are indicated in Fig. 2.
e.g. Both the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of any
quadrant III quadrant IV
point in quadrant I are positive.
(– , –) (+ , –)
In Fig. 1 on the previous page, point P lies in
Fig. 2
quadrant I while point Q lies in quadrant III.
Note: Points lying on the x-axis and the y-axis do not belong to any quadrant.

Example 2 Instant Drill 2

Write down the coordinates of point A in the figure, Write down the coordinates of point B in the figure,
and the quadrant where A lies in. and the quadrant where B lies in.

Sol The coordinates of A are (–1 , 2), and A lies in Sol The coordinates of B are ( , ),
quadrant II. and B lies in quadrant .

5. Write down the coordinates of point C in the 6. Write down the coordinates of point D in the
figure, and the quadrant where C lies in. figure, and the quadrant where D lies in.

Ex 8A 5, 8, 9

Example 3 Instant Drill 3

36
Plot points E(3 , 4) and F(–6 , –2) in a rectangular Plot points G(5 , 1), H(4 , –2) and I(–3 , 2) in a
coordinate plane. rectangular coordinate plane.

Sol Sol
E

7. Plot points J(2 , 0) and K(– 4 , –3) in the given 8. Plot points M(0 , –2), N(0 , 2.5) and P(2 , –1)
rectangular coordinate plane. in the given rectangular coordinate plane.

The y-coordinate of J is ____. Both the x-coordinates of M and N are ____.

It lies on the (x / y) axis. They lie on the (x / y) axis.

Ex 8A 10

Example 4 Instant Drill 4

Write down the coordinates of the point of Write down the coordinates of the point of
intersection of the two given straight lines in the intersection of the two given straight lines in the
figure below. figure below.

Sol The coordinates of the point of intersection are Sol The coordinates of the point of intersection are
(–1 , 1). ( , ).

9. Write down the coordinates of the point of 10. Write down the coordinates of the point of

37
 intersection of the two given straight lines in intersection of the two given straight lines in
the figure below. the figure below.

Ex 8A 13

11. (a) Two points A and C are shown in the rectangular

coordinate plane on the right. Plot points B(–5 , 1) A
and D(3 , 1), and then draw lines AB, AC and BD.
Which number is formed?
(b) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of
lines AC and BD.
C
(a) The number formed is ‘ ’.
(b) Ex 8A 11, 12, 14

# ‘Explain Your Answer’ Question

12. (a) Plot the following points in a rectangular coordinate plane:
A(– 4 , 4), B(4 , 4), C(2 , 2) and D(– 4 , – 4).
(b) Kathy claims that a quadrilateral can be formed by drawing lines AB, BC, CD and DA. Do you
agree? Explain your answer.

(a) (b)

From the graph, after drawing lines AB, BC, CD and DA, a quadrilateral (can /
cannot) be formed.
The claim is (agreed / disagreed).
! Level Up Questions
38
13. (a) Plot the following points in a rectangular coordinate plane:
A(–1 , 5), B(3 , –3), C(2 , 4) and D(–5 , –3).
(b) Draw a line passing through A and B. Let P be the point of intersection of AB and the y-axis. Find
the coordinates of P.
(c) Draw a line passing through C and D. Let Q be the point of intersection of CD and the x-axis. Find
the coordinates of Q.
(a)

(b) From the graph, the coordinates of P are ( , ).

(c)

14. (a) Plot points A(– 4 , 5), B(6 , –5), C(5 , 0) and D(0 , –5) in a rectangular coordinate plane.
(b) Let M be the point of intersection of AB and CD.
(i) Write down the coordinates of M.
(ii) Which quadrant does M lie in?
(a), (b)

39
Book 1B Lesson Worksheet 8B (Refer to §8.2)

8.2 Lengths of Line Segments in the Rectangular Coordinate System

(a) For points lying on a horizontal line,

they have the same y-coordinate. A(a , y) B(b , y) C(c , y)

(b) If A(a , k) and B(b , k) are two points

lying on a horizontal line and a > b,
then AB = a – b. B(b , k) A(a , k)

Example 1 Instant Drill 1

In the figure, AB is a horizontal line. Find the In the figure, CD and EF are horizontal lines.
length of AB.
C(1 , 4)

A(–3 , 5) D(6 , 4)
B(4 , 5)

E(–8 , –1) F(–2 , –1) O

O (a) Find the length of CD.

(b) Find the length of EF.
Sol AB
= [4 – (–3)] units !4 – (–3) = 4 + 3 Sol (a) CD = [( )–( )] units
= 7 units =
(b) EF =

(a) For points lying on a vertical line,

P(x , p)
they have the same x-coordinate.
O Q(x , q)

R(x , r)

(b) If P(h , p) and Q(h , q) are two points

lying on a vertical line and p > q, P(h , p)
then PQ = p – q.

Q(h , q)

49
Example 2 Instant Drill 2
In the figure, GH is a vertical line. Find the length In the figure, IJ and KL are vertical lines.
of GH.
I(–3 , 4)
K(1 , 3)
J(–3 , 2)
O G(2 , –1)

O
H(2 , –5)
L(1 , –2)

Sol GH (a) Find the length of IJ.

= [(–1) – (–5)] units (b) Find the length of KL.
= 4 units
Sol (a) IJ = [( )–( )] units
=
(b) KL =

1. In the figure, AB is a vertical line while PQ is 2. In the figure, DC is a horizontal line while RS
a horizontal line. is a vertical line.

A(–1 , 5)
O
P(1 , 4) Q(7 , 4) R(– 4 , –1)

O D C(3 , –3)
B(–1 , –2) (–5 , –3)
S(– 4 , –8)

(a) Find the lengths of AB and PQ.

(b) Hence, determine which line segment is (a) Find the lengths of DC and RS.
longer, AB or PQ. (b) Hence, determine which line segment is
longer, DC or RS.
(a) AB =

PQ =

(b) __________ > __________

The line segment (AB / PQ) is
longer.

Ex 8B 1, 2, 4

50
3. (a) Determine whether the line passing 4. (a) Determine whether the line passing
through T(2 , 10) and U(2 , 8) is a through R(– 4 , 3) and S(11 , 3) is a
horizontal line or a vertical line. horizontal line or a vertical line.
(b) Calculate the distance between T and U. (b) Calculate the distance between R and S.

Are their x-coordinates or

(a) y-coordinates
T and U have the same?
the same __-
coordinate.
TU is a (horizontal / vertical) line.
(b) Distance between T and U
= [( )–( )] units
=
Ex 8B 3

Example 3 Instant Drill 3

The figure shows a rectangle ABCD, whose sides The figure shows a rectangle EFGH, whose sides
are either horizontal or vertical. are either horizontal or vertical.
(a) Find the coordinates of B. (a) Find the coordinates of E.
(b) Find the perimeter of rectangle ABCD. (b) Find the perimeter of rectangle EFGH.

A(1 , 5) B E F(6 , 4)

D C(7 , 2) O
O H(2 , –3) G

Sol (a) Let (p , q) be the coordinates of B. Sol (a) Let (a , b) be the coordinates of E.
BC is a vertical line. _____ is a vertical line.
x-coordinate x-coordinate x-coordinate x-coordinate
of B = of C of ___ = of ___
p=7 =
AB is a horizontal line.
y-coordinate y-coordinate
of B = of A
q=5
The coordinates of B are (7 , 5).
(b) EF = [( )−( )] units
(b) AB = (7 − 1) units = 6 units
=
BC = (5 − 2) units = 3 units
Perimeter of rectangle ABCD
= (AB + BC) × 2
Perimeter of rectangle EFGH
= (6 + 3) × 2 units
= [( )+( )] × ( )
= 18 units
=

5. The figure shows a rectangle ABCD, whose 6. In the figure, ABCD is a trapezium. AB and

51
 sides are either horizontal or vertical. DC are horizontal lines while AD is a vertical
(a) Find the coordinates of D. line.
(b) Find the perimeter of rectangle ABCD. (a) Find the coordinates of A.
(b) If BC = 13 units, find the perimeter of
O trapezium ABCD.
A(–8 , –3) B

A B(8 , 7)

D C(–2 , –7) C(20 , 2)

D(4 , 2)
O

Ex 8B 8, 9

Ex 8B 10

7. Given that the distance between points L and 8. Given that the distance between points E and
M in the figure is 8 units, find the value of a. F in the figure is 10 units, find the value of d.

Is LM a E(11 , 8)
horizontal
L(2 , 3) M(a , 3)
line? Why?
8 units
10 units
O
O
LM = _____ units F(11 , d)
( )−( )= ( )
a=

Ex 8B 11, 12
# ‘Explain Your Answer’ Questions
9. A(10 , 5), B(10 , 3) and C(–1 , 3) are three points in a rectangular coordinate plane. Is ABC a right-
Are there any horizontal lines
52 or vertical lines among AB,
BC and AC?
 angled triangle? Explain your answer.

A and B have the same ____-coordinate.

AB is a (horizontal / vertical) line.

10. The figure shows a quadrilateral KLMN, whose sides are

either horizontal or vertical. N K(3 , 4)
(a) Find the coordinates of L and N.
(b) Is KLMN a square? Explain your answer.
Compare the lengths of the sides of KLMN.
O
(a) Let ( , ) and ( , ) be the
coordinates of L and N respectively. M(–5 , –3) L
____ is a vertical line.
____-coordinate of ____= ____-coordinate of ____
=

(b)

! Level Up Questions
11. In the figure, A(6 , a) and B(6 , –3) are two points lying on a

53 A(6 , a)

C
 vertical line. C is the point of intersection of AB and the x-axis.
(a) Find the coordinates of C.
(b) If AC = 2CB, find the value of a.

(a) C is a point lying on the ____-axis.

____-coordinate of C = ____
C is a point lying on the (horizontal / vertical) line AB.
____-coordinate of C = ____-coordinate of ____
=

(b) CB = [( )−( )] units =

AC = 2 × _____
AC = ( )×( ) units
( )–( ) =( )
=

12. In the figure, all the straight lines are either horizontal
or vertical. D C
A
(a) Find the coordinates of A, B, C, D and E. B
(b) In the figure, an ant moves from A to E via B, C
O
and D in order. Find the total length of the ant’s
path. Find the length of each
line segment, and then add E
them up.

(a) From the figure, the coordinates of A, B, C, D and E are

( , ), ( , ), ( , ), ( , ) and ( , ) respectively.
(b) AB =
BC =

Total length of the ant’s path

= AB + ( )+( )+( )
=

54