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Physics Project Praveen Kumar

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55 views13 pages

Physics Project Praveen Kumar

Uploaded by

VETRIZONE SRIVETRI
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SRI VETRI VIDHYALAYA PUBLIC SCHOOL

E. VELLANUR – 621 712

PHYSICS INVESTIGATORY PROJECT

“Factors on which the self-inductance of a coil depends”

NAME : PRAVEEN KUMAR R


REGISTER NUMBER :
GRADE : XII
SUBJECT : PHYSICS
SUBJECT CODE : 042

Page | 1
SRI VETRI VIDHYALAYA PUBLIC SCHOOL
E. VELLANUR – 621 712

BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Register No :
Subject : Physics (042)

This is to certify that the project was done by PRAVEEN KUMAR R for
Physics in the year 2024-2025.
Submitted for AISSC Examination on _________

Internal Examiner External Examiner

Principal

Page | 2
SRI VETRI VIDHYALAYA PUBLIC SCHOOL
E. VELLANUR – 621 712

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to everyone who helped


make this investigatory project possible. First and foremost, I would like to thank
my Physics teacher Mrs. JASMINE FREEDA M for guiding me throughout the
entire process and providing valuable feedback and support.

I would also like to thank my classmates who helped with data


collection and analysis, as well as my parents for providing the necessary
materials and encouragement. Additionally, I would like to acknowledge the
scientists and researchers whose work served as inspiration and provided the
foundation for my project.
I would also like to thank my school, (Sri Vetri Vidhyalaya Public
School) for supporting my project and giving me the opportunity to learn and
grow.

Name : PRAVEEN KUMAR R


Class : XII

Page | 3
INDEX

S.NO CONTENTS

2. APPARATUS

3. THEORY & CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

4. PROCEDURE

5. OBSERVATION

6. RESULT

7. PRECAUTIONS

8. SOURCES OF ERRORS

Page | 4
AIM:-

To study the factor on which the self


inductance of a coil depends by observing the
effect of this coil, when put in series witha
resistor (bulb) in a circuit fed up by an A.C.
source of adjustable frequency.

APPARATUS:-

A coil of large turns, a.c. source of adjustable


frequency, an electrical bulb, (6V) a.c.
ammeter of suitable range rheostat, a soft iron
rod, one way key, connecting wires etc.

Page | 5
THEORY:-
Self inductance is the property of a coil
which opposes the change in current through
it. The self inductance of a coil (long
solenoid) is

µ0 µ𝑟 𝑁 2 𝐴
L=
𝑙

where µ𝑟 = Relative magnetic permeability of


magnetic material,
µ
µ𝑟 =
µ0
N = Total number of turns in solenoid

A = Area of cross-section of solenoid

l = length of solenoid.

Page | 6
Hence, the self inductance depends upon:

1. No. of turns (N) , L α N²


𝟏
2. Geometry of coil, L α A, L α
𝒍
3. Nature of core material, L α µ

When an inductor is connected in series with


a resistor (bulb) with a variable source of
frequency, then current flowing in the bulb is

𝐸𝑟𝑚𝑠
𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 =
𝑍

Where Z = √𝑅2 + 𝜔2𝐿2 = Impedance of the a.c.


circuit. Here

R = Resistance of the bulb

L = Self inductance of coil

𝜔 = 2πf = Angular frequency of a.c. source.

Page | 7
The brightness of bulb i.e., Heat generated in
the bulb is

2
H= 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 Zt
𝐻
P= 2
= 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠 Z
𝑡

2 √ 𝑅 2 + 𝜔 2𝐿 2
P = 𝐼𝑟𝑚𝑠

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:-

Page | 8
PROCEDURE:-
1. Make all connections as shown in the
circuit diagram.

2. Switch on the a.c. supply & adjust the


current in the circuit by using the variable
resistor ( 𝑅ℎ ).

3. Record the current in a.c. ammeter & see


the brightness of bulb.

4. Now, put the soft iron rod inside the


conductor core & record the current in a.c.
ammeter & again check the brightness of
bulb. The current & brightness both
decreases.

5. Now, switch off the supply & decrease the


frequency of a.c. source (say 50 Hz).

Page | 9
6. Again switch on the supply & adjust the
current in circuit at same constant voltage 6V
by using the rheostat. Note the current in
ammeter & brightness of bulb. The current &
brightness both will increase.

7. Again insert the iron rod in the core of coil


& note the current & brightness. The current
& brightness both decreases.

8. Repeat the steps 5, 6 and 7 for different


frequency of a.c. source.

OBSERVATIONS:-
1. Least count of ammeter = 0.05 A.

2. Zero error of ammeter = 0 A.

3. Range of ammeter = 0 – 5 A.

Page | 10
S.NO Frequency Current in Current in
of applied ammeter ammeter with
voltage without iron iron rod in
(Hz) rod in coil (A) coil (A)
1. 60 2 1.8
2. 50 2.5 2.3
3. 40 2.9 2.6
4. 30 3.4 3.25
5. 20 4.1 4

RESULT:-
1. The current in the circuit decrease on
inserting the iron rod in the core of coil at
constant frequency of applied voltage &
brightness of bulb decreases & vice-versa.

Page | 11
2. The current in the circuit increases on
decreasing the frequency of applied voltage
& vice-versa. Therefore, the brightness of
bulb increases.

PRECAUTIONS:-
1. The coil should have large number of
turns.

2. Current should be passed for a small time


to avoid the heating effect.

SOURCES OF ERRORS:-
1. The resistance of circuit may increase
slightly due to heating effect of current.

2. There may be eddy current in soft iron


coil.

Page | 12
Bibliography

"Molecular Expressions: Electricity and Magnetism

 www.google.com

 www.yahoo.com

 www.wikipedia.org

 A Text – book of physics (4th ed)

 https://t.me/allinvestigatoryprojects

 NCERT Class 12th Physics Book

 "Molecular Expressions: Electricity and Magnetism

Page | 13

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