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42 views24 pagesPhysical Education and Sports For CWSN
physical education
Uploaded by
arcanedishidishiCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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/ 24
UNIT -4
Physical Education and Sports for
CWSN (Children with Special
Needs—Divyang)
Key Points :-
4.1 Concept of disability & disorder
4.2 Typesof disability its causes & nature Cognitive disability,
intellectual disability, physical disability
4.3. Type of disorder (ADHD, SPD, ASD, ODD, OCD) its
causes & Nature
4.4~ Disability Etiquettes
4.5 Advantage of physical Activities for children with special
needs
4.6 Strategies to make physical activities assessable for
children with special needs.
4.1. Concept of Disability & Disorder
Disability :- Any disadvantage due to which an individual
is not able to perform the activities of normal human life is
known as disability.
Disorder: Any disruption due to which an individual is not
able to perform his daily human activities is known as
disorder.
89 action of participate in
daily activites and
interaction
(2) There is no chances 2. High chances to become
to become normal normal
(3) Disability is concerned 3. Disorder is concerned with
with various parts of. mental ability
the body
(d) Disability is 3 tyres a4, Disorder is 5 types ADHD,
Physical, cognitive & SPD, ASD, OCD & ODD
inteflectual disability
Practical question : (3 marks 30 to 50 words)
a. Briefy discuss the concept of disability?
b. Explain the concept of disorder?
(Long Answer Question-5 Marks~150-200 Words)
a. Discuss the concept and nature of disability.
42 (A)
“ype ot Disatities
Physical Cognitive Intelectual
Disabiity Disabity Disabity
“Not able of perform Non abe to pertorm “Nol abe to perform
the Normal man the Normal man ite the normal naman
ite aces ove manta acivies du fo We mental aces and
tothe any physical ary mental adaplave behaviour
Problem ordetuance Problem or dstubance Skis due to any mental
Problem or disturbance
91 4.2 (B)
Causes of Disabilty
aurea]
In endocne|
gato
info Vers ) \\ Bis
genetic
Nsiear
anode
a
Malton
{ ~
‘wrong Medicaton] \ [ Disease oot approach
‘ane io Heath oe
Wrong Vaccination
Taakr
Education
Dangerous,
‘warking
envwonment Use of Drags
intoxicants
4,2 (C) Nature of Disability
A. Cognitive disability in children ranges from profound
intellectual impairments with minimal functioning to mild
impairments in specific operations. Cognitive disability is
an inclusive term used to describe impairment in an
individual's mental processes that lead to the acquistion of
information and knowledge, and drive how an individual
understands and acts in the world.
B. The nature of intellectual disability: is the onset of both
intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits the
developmental period which refers to the span of time prior
to the age 18. Children with this disorder may evidence
delayed developmental milestons, while milder levels may
not become identified unitle school age. Intellectual
disability is non-progressive and generally lifelong;
however, concurrence with specific genetic disorders may
manifest with periods of cognitive deterioration,
C. Aphysical disability is any condition that permanently
prevents normal body movement and/or control. In the early
92 years, children may have some difficulties in learning to
move skillfully. This is not unusual. However, for some
children, the muscles and nerves that control body
movements may not be properly formed or may become
damaged causing a physical disability. There are may
different type of physical disabilities.
Multiple Choice Question—1 Mark
1. Cognitive disabilty is not dealign with disrupt of...
(a) Learnign [1] (b) speaking
(c) solving skills {] (@)_ walking
2. Disability is caused by
(a) Heredity [] (b) Accidents
(c) Balance diet [] (d) both (a) & (b)
3. Types of disability are ~
(a) mental disability] (b) physical disability
(c) emotional disability[] (4) walking disability
4. Physical disability is a condition which deals
(ay mobility or movement
(b) speak & learn
(c) Process of information
(d) Calculation
5. The main reason of Intellectual disability
(a) Vaccination
(b)_ Malnutrition
ul
ol
(c) consumes alcohol or drugs during prognant women
(4) Physical Activieites
(]
o
93 *
Ans.
gr eRN
A
Cognitive disability a.
Ability b.
Disability c
Physical disabilty
Intellectual Disability e.
B
Able toliving life activities easily
impairment of normal life tasks
visual & hearing disability
Reasoning & learning disability
memory & hyperactivity
(a) 1-d, 2-a, 3+b, 4-0, 5-€ (1
(b) 1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d, 5-e l
(c) 1-9, 2-d, 3-c, 4—b, 5-a 0
(d) 1>b, 2-c, 3-a, 4-e, 5d tl
3 marks (30-50 words)
Discuss the type of disability?
Disabilities are mainly three types
(a)Physical_(b) Cognitive _(c) Intellectual
(a) _ Physical Disabiltiy: A physical disability is a limitation
on an individual's physical functioning, mobility,
dexterity or stamina. Other impairments such as
respiratory disorders, blindness, epilepsy and sleep
disorders, which limit other factes of daily.
(b) Cognitive Disability: it is a neurological disorder
that creates hindrance or obstruction for an individual
to store, process and produce information. This
ability can affect an individua's ability or capability
or read, compute, speak and write.
4 Intellectual disability in a
disability characterised by significant limitations both
in intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning,
problem solving) and in adaptive behaviour, which
covers a range of everyday social and practical skills.
Indeed, this disability is related to the individual's,
though processes, communication, money, learning,
problem solving and judgement.
Long Answer Question (5- Marks - 150 to 200 words)
1.
Ans.
Elaorate the couses of disability?
Elaborate the causes of disability?
Causes of Disability
There are various casues of disability that are stated below.
1. Genetic Causes. Some disabilities are known to be
inherited such as spinal muscular atrophy and muscular
dystrophy. Abnormalities in genes and genetic
Inheritance cause intellectual disability in children.
Sometimes diseases, illnesses and over exposure to
X-fays may cause genetic disorder.
2. Poverty. Poverty is one of the major causes of disability,
Generally, it is seen that poor persons are the most
vulnerable to disability because they live and work in
unsafe enviranmentwith poor sanitation, They don'thave
,good living conditions. They usually have little access
to education, safe drinking water and proper nutrition.
3. Mental Health Problems: Mental health problems such
as depression, bipolar disorder, etc., may lead to
disability. As a matter of fact, the causes of mental health
95 problems are very difficult to diagnose. They tend to be
some of the most misunderstood disabilities.
Accidents: Nowdays, life is so fast that accidents may
occur anywhere, anytime and to anyone. These
accidents may happen at workplace, on the roads or in
the air. These accidents may lead to disability.
Infectious Diseases: Infectious diseases may also
cause disabilities. If the immunity power of a child is
low, he is susceptible to fall sick or contact more serious
illnesses. Ifa child is not immunised well, he becomes
vulnerable to infectious diseases like mumps, which
can cause hearing impairment or polio, which can
cripple the child.
Disturbance in Endocrine Glands: Disturbance in
endocrine glands may also lead to disability. Owing
to such disturbance, a child may suffer from various
physical and mental deficiency.
Matnutrition: Malnutrition is another significant cause
of disability, especially our country. Ifa child does not
get appropriate nutrition, he may be physically weak
Even deficiency of calcium leads to malformation of
bones. Deficiency of iodine may diminish the growth
of body. Similarly, deficiency of vitamin ‘N may cause
blindness, in children, Deficiency of vitamin B,, may
lead to loss of memory and cause paralysis.
Poor Approach to Health Care. Many disabilities
can be prevented easily, if it is proper access or
approach to health care facilities. Sometimes, good
health care facilities are not available during difficult
96 10.
11.
12.
labour and birth. It may cause a baby. To be born with
a disability such as cerebral palsy. Professionally
trained persons could handle such emergencies. They
can prevent babies from being born with such
disabilities. Proper immunisation can also help in
preventing many disabilities. Usually people who live
in remote areas, do not have proper access to health
can facilities, and thus, sometimes babies suffer
disabilities.
Nuclear Accidents. Many persons have suffered
after being exposed to radiation. It nuclear radiations
has also been increase in the number of children
born with cognitive disabilities such as Down
Syndrome.
Toxic Materials Pesticides Insecticides: Toxic
materials like lead and mercury, eto. found in various
products, use of insecticides and pesticides, other
harmful chemicals may cause disabilities in people
and birth defects in babies. As.a matter of fact such
toxic materials may case damage to brain which
ultimately leads to disabilities.
Minesses: The illnesses like cancer, heart attack,
diabetes, etc., cause a number of long-term
disabilities. Arthritis, back pain, musculoskeletal
disorders, etc., are also significant causes of disability.
Some illnesses to pregnant woman may cause
physical or learning problems to her baby when born.
Lack of Education: Lack of education may lead to
disability. Generally, labourers are not educated. They
fall prey to certain diseases which can be avoided
97 43
13.
14.
15.
by using scientific methods or by taking precautions.
But due to ignorance they do not adopt such
precautionary methods. Hence, their chances to get
a disability are rised.
Wars. It is usually seen in wars that the most of the
civilians are killed or disabled along with the soldiers.
Bomb explosions cause people to become deaf,
dumb and lose their limbs. Not only the physical health
but mental health of the individuals is also badly
affected by nuclear, biological and atomic weapons.
Medicines and Vaccines. No doubt medicines and
vaccines are essential to protect health and prevent
disability but there are a number of praetitioners in
the medical field who are not qualified or registered
They don't take proper care while dealing with
patients. The use of unclean syringes may cause
serious diseases like hepatitis or HIV/AIDS.
Improperly stored as well as wrong vaccines may
cause allergic reactions, poisoning and deafness to
child.
Dangerous Working Emviromment. If individuals
work in factories, mines or in agricultural fields under
improper working environment, they may be exposed
to dangerous machinery, tools or chemicals and wide
variety of health hazards. In such conditions they may
get disabilities on the long-run.
Type of Disorder
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyper activity Disorder)
SPD: (Sensory Procerssing Disorder)
8 ASD: Autism Spectrum Disorder
OCD: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
ODD: Oppositive Defiant Disorder
ADHD (Attention Deficit Hyper act
saa e
ity Disorder)
Attention dificity hyperactivity disorder is a group of
behavioural symptoms that include in attentirness
hyperactivity & impusiveness.
Problew to orgainse
Forget daily , (Symptoms of ADHD routing activities
activites
Trouble
in Paying
tention
Trouble
in sitting
even for
Careless Short term
Mistakes
Restless Self
focussed,
Behaviour Difficulty
tokeep
‘emotion in
Day Dream,
Easily distracted
Brain injuries
‘Causes of ADHD) Trauma & Brain Diseases
Diet
Exposure of ~~
toxic Heredity =
substances Structure | Bremature| Low birth
and function pian Weight
by Brain Lack of Discipline
in family
2. SPD: (Sensory Procerssing Disorder)
Itis a conditon is which the brain has difficulty in reactiving
& responding to information that can as in through the
sensens organs.
99 Symptoms of SPD
Mental
Biological