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•Student’s Friend * Social Science Enthusiast * M. MUNEESWARAN M.A.,B.Ed
• Govt. High School, Iluppaikudi, Devakottai, Karaikudi, Sivagangai District.

10 SS * 8 Mark Questions and Answers

8 Marks Qustion & Answers

HISTORY
1. Discuss the main causes of First world war.
• European alliances and counter alliances
• Triple Entente of Britain, France and Russia
• Triple alliances of Germany, Austria-Hungary and Italy.
• Violent Forms of Nationalism.
England’s Jingoism, France’s Chauvinism and Germany’s Kultur
were militant forms of nationalism.
They contributed to the outbreak of war.
• Aggresssive attitude of German Emperor.
• Hostility of France towards Germany.
• The Balkans’ problems
• Immediate cause – Assassination of Austria Prince Ferdinand.

2. Discuss the circumstances that led to the Reform movements of the 19 th Century.
• English Education produced a new English educated middle class.
• Indian people were attracted by rationality, equality, liberty and humanity.
Women were a major part of several reform movements.
• Sati
• Female Infanticide
• Polygamy
• Child Marriage
• Superstitious beliefs
• Subjugation of Women
• Denial of Female Education
• Ban on Widow Remarriage
• Refusal to study Western Education

3. Evaluate the contributions of Ramakrishna Paramahamsa and Swami Vivekananda to

regenerate
Indian Society.
• Ramakrishna Mission – Kolkatta, Belur.
• Disciple of Ramakrishnar - Vivekananda
Ramakrishnar
• Through devotional songs – attain God’s grace
• All living beings are God
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• All religion contains Good ideas.

• He said, “Jiva is Siva” (all living beings are God).
• “Service for poor man, must be regarded as God”.
Swami Vivekananda
• Ramakrishna Mission – Kolkatta, Belur.
• Follower and Disciple of Ramakrishna
• Emphasized a cultural nationalism
• Education to poor
• Service to mankind is to God.
• Helping in the natural disasters.
• Recovered Hinduism.
• His addresses on Hinduism in Chicago was very famous (1893)

4. Attempt an essay of the heroic fight Veerapandya Kattabomman conducted against

the East India Company.
• Kattabomman became the Palayakkarar of Panchalamkurichi.
• Conflicts between Kattabomman and English
• Problem arose in collecting tax, clash between collector Jackson and Kattabomman.
• Kattabomman appeared before Madras Council.
Kattabomman and the confederacy of Palayakkars
• Kattabomman joined with South Indian Liberal Federation formed by Marudhu
brothers.
• Collector Lushington not liked the activities of Kattabomman
• He advanced towards sivagiri.
• So the company ordered the army to march on to Tirunelveli.
Seige of Panchalamkurichi
• Major Bannerman army ordered Kattabomman to surrender.
• Kattabomman escaped to Pudukottai
• Kattabomman was captured
.Execution of Kattabomman
• Kattabomman was hanged in Kayathar.

5. Highlight the tragic fall of Sivagangai and its outcome.

Introduction
• Marudhu brothers were the able commander of Sivaganga.
• They worked with Velunachiyar.
Rebellion of Marudhu Brothers
• The English demanded that the Marudhu brothers should hand over Oomaithurai and
Sevathitya.
• They refused.
Proclamation of 1801
• In June 1801 Marudhu Pandiyars issued a Proclamation of Independence which is
called Tiruchirappalli Proclamation.
Fall of Sivagangai
• The rebellion failed and Sivaganga was annexed with the company in 1801.
• The Marudhu brothers were executed in the fort of Tirupathur.
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• The rebellion of Marudhu brothers called South Indian Rebellion.

• Their courage and sacrifice inspired later generation

6. Account for the Outbreak of the Vellore Revolt in 1806.

1806 - Vellore mutiny
• In 1806 July 10 the Indian Sepoys revolt against the British in Vellore fort.
• This is called as Vellore mutiny.
Grievances of Indian soldiers
• Low salary, Treated unequally, No promotion given, Use of religious symbols banned.
• Tippu’s sons and their family members were jailed in fort.
• New military regulation of Sir John Cradock.
Outbreak of the Revolt
• On 10th July 1806 Indian sepoys shot down the Colonnel Fancourt , Garrison and
Mekerras.
• The Rebels proclaimed Fateh Hyder as new ruler.
• They hoisted tiger flag in the fort.
• Colonnel Gillepse and Captain Young reached the fort and brought it under their
control.
The revolt was suppressed
• Tippu’s sons were ordered to sent Calcutta.

7. Examine the factors that led to the transformation of Gandhi into a mass leader.
• Gandhiji followed Ahimsa and Non Violence.
1. The role of Gandhi in Freedom Struggle
• Racial discrimination in South Africa
• Durban Railway station incident,
- writings of Tolstoy and John Ruskin made Gandhi as Satyagrahis
2. Champaran in Bihar
• Tinkathia system abolished by Gandhi.
• Ahamadabad mill strike and Kheda Satyagraha started in 1918.
3. Non- Co Operation Movement
• Opposed Rowlatt Act
• Gandhi started the Non-Cooperation Movement in September 1920.
4. No tax campaign
• Gandhi announced a no tax campaign in Bardoli in February 1922.
5. Constructive Programme of Gandhi
• After the Chauri Chaura incident Gandhi focused on promoting Khadi,
• Hindu- Muslim unity and
• the abolition of Untouchability.
6. Civil Disobedient Movement
• To attain Poorna swaraj Civil Disobedient movement was started
• Started nationwide Satyagraha.
• Salt March towards Dandi
7. Do or Die
• Gandhi gave a call to Do or Die.
8. People leader - Father of Nation
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• Quit India movement started

• These are the factors made Gandhi as a national Leader and Father of Nation.

8. Describe the role of Tamil Nadu in the Civil Disobedience Movement.

• Civil disobedient movement spread in Tamil Nadu.
• In Madras people agitate
• Swadesi Song sung
• Before the shops people were picketed.
• Boycott of foreign goods
• Rajaji led Salt march.
• T.S. S Rajan, Tmt.Rukmanilaxmi, Sardar Vedarathnam took part in the salt march
• T. Prakasam and K. Nageswara Rao set up a camp at Udayavanam near Madras.
• Salt Satyagraha in Rameswaram.
• Rukmani Lakshmipathi paid penalty for violation of salt laws.

9. Attempt an essay on the foundation and development of Tamil Renaissance in the

19th Century.
1. Tamil Renaissance - Introduction
• Research on Tamil language was carried out.
• Arrival of printing press
• Ancient Tamil books printed.
• 1812 Thirukkural published.
2. Damodharanar and Swaminathar contribution
• They took efforts to publish the classical texts.
3. Contribution of Tamil scholars.
• U.V. Swaminathar, Thiru.Vi.Ka.
• Prithimar Kalignar, Marailmali Adigal
• Subramania Bharathiar, Bharatidasan, Vaiyapuri.
• Ancient books published
• Tamil Culture, Literature and religion became popular.
• Robert Caldwell popularized antiquity of Tamil.
• Abraham Pandit revived Tamil Music.
4. Tamil linguistic movement in 20th Century.
• Tani Tamil Iyakkam and Tamil Isai Iyakkam.
• Parithimar Kalignar introduced the sonnet (14 lines) form in Tamil.
• Tamil invocation song in the play Manonmaniam was written by P.Sundaranar
• Maraimalai Adigal promoted the use of pure Tamil words and removed the influence
of Sanskrit from Tamil language.

10. Estimate Periyar E.V. R’s decisive contribution to the social transformation of
Tamilnadu.
• E.V.R Periyar was the founder of the Self Respect Movement.
1. Khadi sold, support the campaign for prohibition:
• Supported Khadi Sale
• He cut down 500 coconut trees in his farm to support the campaign for prohibition.
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2. Social Reforms of Periyar:

• He led the temple entry movement at Vaikom
• and succeeded in his attempt.
• - objected caste based discrimination at the Cheranmadevi Gurukulam.
3. Newspapers:
• He started newspapers like Kudi Arasu and Puratchi.
4. Education:
• Periyar opposed the introduction of Hindi in schools.
• opposed Kula Kalvi Thittam
5. Periyar on Religion.
• Periyar opposed superstitions.
• He advocated Intercaste and self respect marriages.
6. Periyar, a Feminist:
• Fought for Women Empowerment
• He condemned Child marriage and Devadasi system.
• supported women’s right to divorce and property.
• He welcomed equal rights for males and females in property.
• Fought for Women Empowerment

1. Trace the career of Velunachiyar.

• Velunachiyar was born in 1730.
• Her father Sellamuthu Sethupathi was the Raja of Ramanathapuram.
• The King had no Male heir.
• Velu Nachiyar was trained in martial arts.
• She was trained Valari and Stick Fighting.
• She was skilled in horse riding and archery.
• She also learned languages like English, French and Urdu.
• In 1772 Arcot Nawab and Company troops attacked Kalaiyar Koil Palace.
• Muthu Vadugar killed in the battle.
• She was under protection of Gopala Nayakar for 8 years.
• She organized an army.
• She asked the help of Hyder Ali to fight the English.
• She asked for 5000 infantry and cavalry.
• Hyder Ali ordered his Commandant Syed to provide military assistance.
• Velunachiyar appointed agents to know the British ammunition.
• Kuyili helped her to destroy all the ammunition.
• She recaptured Sivagangai and crowned as Queen.
• Marudhu Brothers helped her.
• She was the first roman ruler to oppose British rule in India.
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4 Marks Qustion & Answers

HISTORY
1. List out any two causes for the failure of the League of Nations.
• It lacked the military power of its own.
• So it could not enforce member countries.
• The principle of “ Collective Security” could not be applied.

2. What was the significance of the Battle of Kalakadu.

• The Nawab sent an additional contigent of sepoys to Mahfuzkhan and the reinforced
army proceeded to Tirunelveli.
• Besides the 1000 sepoys of the company. Mahfuzkhan received 600 more sent by the
Nawab.
• He also had the support of Cavalry and foot soldiers from the Carnatic.
• Before Mahfuzkhan could station his troops near kalakadu. 2000 soldiers from
Travanlore joined the forces of puliThevar.
• In the battle at kalakadu Mahfuzkhan troops were routed.

3. Highlight the provisions of the Treaty of Versailles relating to Germany.

• Germany was found guilty of starting the warand therefore was to pay compensation
for wartime destruction.
• Germany had to pay for all the damage of the war - 6,600 million pounds – in
installments.
• The Germany Army was to be limited to 1,00,000 men.
• Germany was not allowed to have Air force and Submarines.
• Germany was to acknowledge and respect the Independence of Austria.
• Germany was forced to give up all the rights of its Overseas Colonies.
• All German colonies became mandated.
• Alsace – Loraine was returned to France.
• The German port of Danzig was to be a free city.
• The Rhineland was to be occupied by the Allies.
• Germany was forced to revoke the treaty of Brest - Litousk and Bucharest.

4.. Mention the contribution of Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar to the social reforms.
• Vidyasagar was the Reformer of Bengal.
• He argued that the Hindu scriptures were progressive.
• He provided evidence from scriptures that there was no sanction for burning of widows
or for the prohibition on the remarriage of widows.
• He played a leading role in promoting education of girls and helped them in setting up a
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number of schools.
• He dedicated his whole life for the betterment of the child widows of the Hindu society.
• The movement led by Vidyasagar, resulted in the Widows’ Remarriage Reform Act of
1856.

5. How was the Cuban missile crisis defused?

• The Kennedy Government had received intelligence that the USSR was secretly
installing Nuclear missiles in Cuba.
• Finally, Soviet President Khrushchev agreed to removed the missiles.
• Thus the missile Crisis was defused.

6.. Kuyili – Write short note.

• Kuyili was a faithful friend of Velunachiyar.
• She led women regiment called ‘ Udayal ‘.
• Kuyili after setting hereself on fire,
• She went British Armoury and destroyed all the ammunition.