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Senior ASP - NET MVC Interview Questions

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33 views3 pages

Senior ASP - NET MVC Interview Questions

Uploaded by

pbiegonitc
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Senior-Level ASP.

NET MVC Interview


Questions and Answers
Explain the MVC pattern and how ASP.NET implements it.
MVC (Model-View-Controller) is a software architectural pattern for implementing user
interfaces.
ASP.NET MVC implements this by separating the application into three components:
- **Model**: Manages data and business logic.
- **View**: Handles display of data (UI).
- **Controller**: Manages user input, interacts with the Model, and selects the View.
ASP.NET MVC offers better testability, control over HTML, and separation of concerns,
compared to Web Forms.

How does routing work in ASP.NET MVC?


Routing in ASP.NET MVC is responsible for mapping incoming browser requests to
particular action methods.
There are two types:
- **Convention-based routing**: Routes are defined in `RouteConfig.cs`.
- **Attribute-based routing**: Routes are defined using attributes directly on the action
methods.
Complex routing scenarios like multiple parameters or optional parameters can be
managed by specifying route templates in `RouteConfig` or using route constraints.

What is Dependency Injection (DI) in ASP.NET MVC, and how does it


work?
DI is a design pattern that allows an object to be given its dependencies rather than creating
them internally. ASP.NET MVC supports DI natively via IoC (Inversion of Control) containers
such as Unity, Autofac, or built-in containers in ASP.NET Core.
To configure DI, you register services in the `Startup.cs` in ASP.NET Core, or by using
containers in Global.asax in earlier versions.

Explain the lifecycle of an ASP.NET MVC request.


An ASP.NET MVC request lifecycle consists of the following steps:
1. Routing determines which controller/action to invoke.
2. Controller is instantiated.
3. Action filters run.
4. The controller action executes.
5. Result (typically a View) is generated.
6. Result is rendered as HTML.
Action filters (like `OnActionExecuting`) can be used for pre/post-processing within this
lifecycle.

How would you handle exceptions in ASP.NET MVC?


ASP.NET MVC allows exception handling via:
- **Global filters**: The `HandleError` attribute can catch exceptions globally.
- **Custom filters**: Creating custom action filters for fine-grained control.
You can override the default behavior by extending `HandleErrorAttribute` and
specifying custom error pages or logging logic.

How would you implement custom model binding in ASP.NET MVC?


Custom model binding allows transforming HTTP request data into .NET objects. You can
create a custom model binder by implementing `IModelBinder` interface.
This is useful for complex data structures, like when you're binding data from a form
with non-standard formats.

How would you secure an ASP.NET MVC application?


Security in ASP.NET MVC can be managed by:
- **Authentication/Authorization**: Using the `Authorize` attribute or external
providers (OAuth).
- **CSRF Protection**: Using anti-forgery tokens (`@Html.AntiForgeryToken()`).
- **XSS Prevention**: Encoding output to avoid script injections.
- **SQL Injection Prevention**: Use parameterized queries or ORM tools.

How does the `TempData` feature work in ASP.NET MVC?


`TempData` is used to store data that persists across requests, typically for one redirect. It's
stored in session state.
It's ideal for passing small amounts of data between actions (like success messages) and
is cleared after the next request.

How do you optimize performance in ASP.NET MVC applications?


Performance optimization can be achieved via:
- **Caching**: Implement output caching and data caching.
- **Bundling and Minification**: Combine and minify CSS/JS files to reduce load time.
- **Lazy Loading/Asynchronous Actions**: Load data only when needed and use async
methods to free up threads.
What is the role of ViewModels in ASP.NET MVC?
ViewModels allow you to tailor the data sent to the view, especially when it doesn’t directly
match the domain model.
AutoMapper helps convert between ViewModel and domain models easily, reducing
boilerplate mapping code.

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