EXPRESS ENGINEERING SOLUTIONS

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ONLINE
TRAINING

ADVANCE
PIPE
STRESS
ANALYSIS

+91-9921229232 training@express-engg.com
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Who should do this course?

Training

Course Content

Our Track Record

Know the Trainer

About the Training Platform

Online vs Offline Training

Design Services

No one can de-code the code like us...!

 TRAINING
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Training Services

Corporate Training

Corporate Customers

Individual Training

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No one can de-code the code like us...!

About Us
Design Services
With a vast experience in Static Equipment Engineering, we
offer the best, cost efficient solutions to our customers. Our
Engineering team is capable to deliver Design of Pressure
Vessel, Heat Exchanger, Condenser, Reactor, Column, Storage
Tank, and other static equipment, as per various national and
international codes and standards.
The team is well experienced and trained to deliver Design
as per ASME Sec VIII Div-1, Div-2, PED, ADMerk Blatter,
PD5500, AS1210, GOST, TEMA, API 660, API 650, API 620, IBR,
EN13445, etc.
We have successfully completed many ASME U-stamp audits
and worked on hundreds of U-stamp vessels closely with many
certifying agencies.

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Training Services
About us
Our training program is the most professional and unique
platform for Static Equipment Engineers. We mean it, when we
say, “No one can de-code the code like us”, as we have the
experience and knowledge of working on various national and
international codes and standards.
With a vast experience of Designing in Pipe Stress Analysis
& Static Equipment Design, we provide the most comprehensive
and detailed training courses to meet your needs.
Within a short period, we have become the most preferred
training provider to a lot of corporates and individuals.

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Corporate Training
Onsite Corporate Trainings
We have been instrumental in developing the manpower for
organizations through our onsite training under our corporate
training program. These training have helped the corporates to
develop the skills and knowledge of their resources and as a
result increase the output with better and optimized design of
equipment.

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Esteemed Customers
Our Corporate Customers
With the perfect blend of thorough technical knowledge &
vast experience in this industry we are successfully providing
corporate training to our customers. We are helping the
corporates to increase the productivity of their team by
developing their skills & knowledge to meet the ever increasing
market needs.
The platform offers the flexibility to the corporates to
develop their manpower without compromising with the daily
work schedule.

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Individual Training
Individuals from various organizations
In-depth knowledge will always boost an individual's confidence.
And we have been successfully providing the boost to the
individuals by developing their skills and knowledge in the field
of Pipe Stress Analysis. Individuals, both experienced and
aspirants, trained by us in this field have been successful in
achieving their professional goals.

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 Our Track Record
How we have been doing..!

40+ Corporate customers

Satisfied trained individuals Online &

4000+ Offline combined

Countries with beneficiaries

15+ across the globe

0-25 Experience range of Engineers trained

1 Over the years...!

Individuals trained

Year
*data displayed till Dec 2023 for online & offline courses combined

1 Global footprint...!

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Who should do this course?
Understand how this training will benefit you

Professionals aspiring to make a career in Pipe Stress Analysis in

the field of Oil & Gas, Process Industry,
Refinery, EPC, Chemical, Pharma & Power Sector.

All the professionals or beginners who want to clear their

fundamentals and want to know more about this subject and
software can attend this course.

Quality Assurance Staff, Piping Design engineers, stress

engineers, designers
Any aspiring engineer, he/she can be a trainee engineer,
designer, Sr. Engineer,
Plant Operating engineer, Project engineer or a Manager,

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Know the Trainer
Gaurav Bhende

Gaurav has 22+ years of experience in

Oil & Gas, Process, Petrochemical industry.
He is specialized in Piping / Pipelines Stress Analysis
(Static and Dynamic) and Design.
He has great experience in Professional Trainings.
He has Presented white papers in international conferences including
ASME conferences.
He has Played a key role in establishing Stress engineering group and
lead the Stress Group in Worley Parsons, Abu Dhabi and Mott
MacDonald, Mumbai.
He has worked with renowned organizations like Worley Parsons,
Mott Mac Donald, Chemtex Global Engineering and Jacobs
Engineering.
Gaurav has completed his M. TECH. (Specialization in Machine
Design) from VJTI, Mumbai. & Post Graduate Diploma in Piping
Engineering.
Gaurav is a member of ‘American Society of Mechanical Engineers’ &
‘Institute of Engineers – India’

Gaurav’s Achievements
First Prize winner of “Drivers of Success” competition for years (2011
& 2012) hosted by Intergraph.
Participated HxGN 2013 global conference as a speaker on topic
“Effect of Modeling Supports with CII’s
Structural Module on Static and Seismic Analysis”.

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About Training Platform
Mobile & Laptop/ Desktop
Expert and Professional training available at your convenience,
with our Mobile & Desktop application.

Download the app

Use "YATGI" as org code

to register for iOS users

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About Training Platform
Special Features
It has never been so convenient to learn...! Check out some
special features of our Training Platform.

Adjust video speed from 0.5x to 2x to suit your requirement

PIP mode enables you to work or practice simultaneously

while watching the lectures

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Advantages over Offline courses
Benefits of Online training

No more compromise on work or personal schedule

Get answers on the go...!

Live Q&A session every week

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Advantages over Offline courses
Benefits of Online training

Never miss out on any lectures

Learn at your own pace

No disturbances | Video lectures | Animations

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Course Content
1 Advance Pipe Stress Analysis 39 hrs

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Course Content
1 Advance Pipe Stress Analysis 39 hrs

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course content

ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

1 Important concepts of Stress Analysis: Part 1
This Course is useful for all engineers who wish to make their
basics clear in Pipe stress analysis. If you wish to 'Experience' the
'Stress Concept’ and not only wish to understand it
mathematically or in bookish language and the most importantly
if you possess patience and passion for the subject then this
Course is for you.
This Course is divided in 3 nos. of videos. In these Courses we will
discuss

. the concepts of Displacement Filed, Stress & Strain Field,

. Modulus of Elasticity and its significances
. what is 'Tensor’? stress as a Tensor,
. Longitudinal stress, Radial stress, circumferential (Hoop) stress,
. Moment of Inertia,
. stress stain curve and practical approach to look towards it.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

2 Important concepts of Stress Analysis: Part 2
This Course is continuation of Course-1 and hence applicable for
all Mechanical, production engineers irrespective of their
experience. This Course is extremely recommended for the under
graduates, fresh graduates, piping engineers, engineers working
at site and stress engineers. We go little deeper into concepts like

. 3D state of stress,
. Mohr’s circle,
. Theories of Failures:
. Maximum Shear Stress Theory,
. Von mises theory,
. Importance of stress analysis.

Also, a simple problem is solved by hand calculations to calculate

the stresses in the system. The intention of this Course is to make
the participant to look at the problem without taking help of
software

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

3 ASME B31.3 Code Stress Equations: Part 1
A highly recommended Course for all stress and piping engineers.
There are various codes based on their applications. For example,
ASME B31.1 is for Power piping, B31.3 is for Process Piping, B31.4
is for Liquid Hydrocarbon transportation etc. It is like ‘learning
languages very close to each other’. If you know one language and
its grammar well then it is simple to grasp other languages.
Unfortunately, most of the Piping engineers do not read the code
carefully, some of them ‘Read' the code but cannot 'interpret' it.
The equations provided in the codes are followed as it is.
However, all these equations are closely related to basic stress
concepts and engineering theories which we learn in schools,
universities and if an engineer understands 'Why' behind the code
equations, are written in a particular way then he/she gets an
ability to relate them with new challenging problems. Also, it
makes the understanding of code clear.

This Course talks about

. Primary stresses and their characteristics

. Secondary stresses and their characteristics
. Occasional stresses and their characteristics
.
. Which type of stress is more critical
Mode of failure of each type

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

4 ASME B31.3 Code Stress Equations: Part 2
This Course is continuation of previous Course and hence must be
heard after completing Course 3. This talks about
the code equations in detail,

. why equations are written in a particular way,

. what is the significance of + and - sign?
. what is ‘stress range’?
. stress relaxation
. Self-springing of material
. what are liberal stresses
. Scope and Exclusions of ASME B31.3,
. Primary stresses equation and its allowable,
. secondary stresses equation and its allowable
. occasional stress equation and its allowable

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

5 BASIC LOAD CASES
Defining the load cases is very important in pipe stress analysis as
it is a relation between the software and the code requirements.
Defining right load cases and understanding the mathematics
behind the load cases is very essential. Most of the time it has
been observed that engineers do copy the load cases or try to learn
them by heart.
This Course talks about
. how to write load cases their nomenclature
. there are various methods of combination such as scalar
algebraic.
. Also, it tells about the answers of many critical questions like
‘why a particular load case is written in a particular way’?
. how to write the load cases using Caesar II software.
. What are the different types of load cases?
. How the allowable stresses are understood by the software when
you call a particular load case by a particular name.
. How to write the load cases when a spring is introduced in the
system.
. How to write load cases when force present in the system.
This model also relates the load cases with the code equations.
This Course is extremely useful to the engineers with experience
less than 5 years for those who wish to understand the
mathematics and ‘Why’ behind the load cases.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

6 Introduction
Techniques
to CAESAR II & Basic Modelling

Today's world is software driven. Engineers are no exception to it.

It has been observed that engineers cannot give the solution
without having software with them. Then it becomes essential to
know the advantages and the limitations of the tool we are using.
Hence knowing the stress analysis software and its advantages /
limitations, the way it has been programmed etc. is very
important. CAESAR II is one of the finest stress analysis software
using beam element.
In this Course we will learn

. basic elements true

. hand calculation of thermal force and stresses. Evaluating them
with scissor to answer
. how software works.
. important features of configuration setup.
. what is ‘degree of freedom’
. introduction to modelling commands.
. Node and connecting Node, its application.
. how to apply wind and earthquake loads.
. advantages and limitations of the software.
. difference in in pipe element and rigid element.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

7 CAESAR II Load cases and Results
Course number 7 is continuation of Course number 5. In Course
number 5 we had learnt the theory about the load cases, How to
write them, it's combination methods.
In this Course we are going to learn
how to build the load cases in CAESAR II software.

. What are the different features of this wizard?

. How to make the most out of the various advantages provided by
the software.
. How to apply wind, earthquake, forces in the load cases.
. How to interpret the results.
. How to correlate the results with the code.
. How to identify whether liberal stress is on or not.
. How to interpret the positive and negative sign convention in
CAESAR II.
. How to backtrack the sources of forces and stresses by
integrating the results.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

8 Miscellaneous:
Results
Modelling, analysis and

After completing Course number no. 1 to 7 successfully now we

have reached to a stage where we should start doing experiments.
For a stress engineer it is the most essential to keep on trying,
doing experiments, make changes into his /her model and look at
the results. At the initial stage this ‘trial and error’ method is very
effective to learn the stress analysis. At this stage engineer should
start predicting the results of small model and verify it with
CAESAR II software. The answers what we get teaches us a lot.
This Course has been designed keeping in mind that the listener is
new to the software.

. In this model we will learn

. study the effects of temperature, supports and layout on the
results,
. how to reduce the forces and moments,
. basic techniques how to solve a stress system, comparing the
results.
. Learn few handy commands like Copy, duplicate and rotate
. liberal stress and its effect on allowable stress

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

9 Manual Stress Calculation Methods: Span
calculation, Guided Cantilever Method and Flexibility

Our trainer strongly believes that when any stress analysis

problem comes in front, the solution of that problem should get
first formed in your mind. Then one should model it accurately
into the software and then look at the results. If the results are as
per your predictions then you are on the right track and if not then
you can correct your understanding by looking at the results given
by the software. In this journey it is very important to know how
our ancestors or the previous generation of the engineers used to
perform the analysis when they did not have such a sophisticated
software.
In this Course we are going to learn ‘how to calculate SPAN of a
pipe’ based on ‘allowable stress’, ‘ Allowable deflection’ and
natural frequency. Further we will learn a method called “Guided
cantilever method”. This method was the basis to determine the
minimum required flexibility into the piping system when we had
no software. Based on this method number of graph, charts were
developed. In this Course we will understand the theory of guided
cantilever method, we will solve a problem using hand
calculations based on this method and then we will verify the
same problem using Caesar II software. We will look into the
results and try to compare it with the hand calculation and we will
try to learn the accuracy of this method and its limitations as
well.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

10 Graphical Methods for Expansion Loop Sizing
& Verifying results with software
Front End Engineering and Design (FEED) stage or initial stage of
detailed piping design, one of the initial deliverable to the site for
construction is ‘pipe rack design’. Even it is required to calculate
the bulk material take off (MTO). Hence a piping engineer or a
stress engineer is always asked to provide ‘the number of
expansion loops’ which would be needed for adequate flexibility
of the pipes running onto the pipe racks. At this stage we do not
have piping isometric or General Arrangement drawings or 3D
model. Hence modelling pipe rack piping in the stress analysis
software is sometime difficult.
In this Course we will learn
. to predict the number of loops on a line,
. calculated the forces and moments on the anchor base using
graphical methods and evaluated them using software results
. what should be the distance between the two anchor points on the
pipe rack,
. what should be the height of the loop.
. what about the sizing a 3D loop (three-dimensional loop)?
We can refer to this Course wherein we have solved an expansion
loop sizing problem using nomograph and then we have also
demonstrated its validity, limitations, advantages of the
graphical method against using an expansion loop sizing Wizard
provided in CAESAR II software. This Course is extremely useful
for Piping design engineers, Piping designers, Project managers
and of course for stress engineers.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

11 Pipe supports and their applications

The final outcome of the extensive stress analysis is nothing but

‘IFC isometric’ which means ‘Issued for construction’ isometrics. In
these isometrics we get a final pipe route and type of supports
which have been approved and recommended by the stress
engineer. Here all the wisdom, knowledge and experience of a
stress engineer gets converted into the selection of right type of
supports.
There are various kinds of supports such as rest supports, guide
supports, limits stops, springs, snubbers, Struts. Each support has
got its own unique features. Hence understanding the language of
stress analysis software and then converting them into a
appropriate support is very essential.
In this Course we are going to learn
. different types of supports, their applications,
. where to use which type of support.
. Do's and don'ts about support.
. How to read arrow marking on stress iso and converting it in
physical supports
. Simple supports and few complicated supports
. primary supports and secondary supports.
This Course is useful for piping engineers, designers, stress
engineers, mechanical contractors at site and civil engineers.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

12 Variable Spring Design

Few piping Engineers and stress engineers do think that the

springs are provided in the piping system to absorb the expansion
of the pipe. However, this is not the complete truth. The use of
spring hanger is mainly to take the dead weight of the Pipe and to
allow if free expansion. Most of the times engineers, by
experience, do know where and when to use the spring support.
But they cannot select the string without the help of the software.
Also, they struggle to select this spring from the vendor
catalogue. Further they find it difficult to give a decision whether
we can use a spare spring which is available in the stock
/inventory at a particular place. To give these decisions the
concept of variable spring, hot load, cold must be clear in mind.
In this Course we will learn

. what is Hot load

. what is Cold load
. what is Variability of the spring
. How they are co-related
. What is cold load setting
. what is hot load setting
. what is extended load range
. How to read Spring catalogue
. How to select spring from catalogue
. Various entries of spring Wizard in detail
. How to write the ‘Load cases’ with spring.
Also, we will perform hand calculations and will verify them using
Caesar II software.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

13 Constant Effort Springs

When it comes to ‘Constant efforts spring’, most of the engineers

step aback. There is a kind of ‘suspense’ in the design and usage of
constant effort spring due to lack of information. In this Course
we will attempt to learn

. how constant effort spring works

. understand its internal mechanism in a simple way
. the mathematics involved in it.
. learn to read vendor catalogue
. how to select a constant of a spring through it
. how to write the load cases
. will perform the a practical and verify our theory against the
results obtained.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

14 Expansion Joints: Types and applications

Most of the piping engineers and stress engineer work in

downstream Oil & Gas industry or in refinery piping. But in
hydrocarbon service the usage of expansion bellow is prohibited.
Due to this reason most of the stress engineers do not get
exposure to work with Expansion joints or bellows. This makes it
a grey area for them. There are various kinds of bellows such as
fabric bellows, rubber bellows, metallic bellows. Each type of
bellow has its own advantages and disadvantages. Further in each
type, for example in metallic bellows, there are sub types such as
Tied bellow, untied bellow, pressure balanced bellow etc.
In this Course we will be learning

. the different types of Expansion joints

. Pressure thrust due to bellow
. How to eliminate it.
. Tied bellow, untied bellow, pressure balance bellow
. expansion joint wizard in CAESAR II
. how to read the catalogue of expansion joint
. how to select the below
. how to model a pressure balance below
This Course is useful for piping engineers, engineers at site and
stress engineers who wish to learn the Expansion joints.

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

15 Stress Intensification Factor & Flexibility

Stress Intensification Factor also known as SIF is a topic of

research and probably the least understood subject in Pipe Stress
Analysis. We do not claim to be master of this subject. But
definitely would like share the information we have in this
domain. In this Course we will learn

. what is flexibility factor

. What is SIF
. How to calculate it using appendix D of ASME B31.3
. The limitations of ASME B31.3 appendix D
. Markl’s work in SIF
. An overview of Finite Analysis method to get SIF
. The myths and truths about SIF
. How SIF is used in stress equations
. Should we consider SIF in Sustained and occasional cases?
. Mitre bends and its SIF
. How flexibility of the bend changes with its connection to flanges.
. Discussing technical paper authored by the faculty

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

16 Flange Leakage Analysis

Flange leakage is one of the critical safety aspects. Even though it

is practically impossible to give guarantee that flange would not
leak (as it depends on various other factors as well), there are
industry approved practices to ensure Flange Leak would not
happen. In this Course we will learn

. Pressure equivalent method and manual calculations

. NC 3658 method manual calculations
. Verifying CAESAR II results against hand calculations
. Understanding the basics of why flange leak
. ASME Section VIII method input in CAESAR II
. ASME section VIII method manual calculations
. Reference documents from flange leakage analysis
. Supporting to avoid Flange leakage

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

17 Stress critical lines / system formation /
stress report / Stress isometrics
After completing all these Courses now we have come to the stage
to understand how the work flow is in real life. How engineers in
consultancies work. This Course though looks simple but
extremely important for junior engineers who would become an
asset to the company if understood the work flow from day one.
In this Course we will learn

. How to identify stress critical lines

. How to make critical line list
. Documents needed to form a system
. How to form a Stress System
. Where to break the systems
. What to read in reference documents?
. how to extract report from CAESAR II
. How to prepare stress isometrics
. How to select and call support from support standard
. How to write a good stress report

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

18 Checking of a Stress calculation and how to
read stress analysis report
If you are an engineer representing client or PMC (project
management consultant) or a lead stress engineer and your job
description demands to check the stress calculation / report then
this Course is for you. In fact, slowly all the stress engineers have
to reach to this phase. Initially he /she has to self-check his/her
own system and slowly start checking stress calculations
prepared by others. Unfortunately, the checking time of the stress
system is rarely given justice in the man hour estimation despite
the fact that the ‘Checker’ is ‘responsible’ for the quality. In such
situation checking becomes ‘an art’.

In this Course we will learn

. Minimum or common check points in CAESAR II model

. Critical check points
. How to check the results by applying ‘Thumb Rules’
. How to identify if the analyst has ‘cheated or managed the results’
. How to check hard copy report
. Common errors

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

19 Pipe rack loading / platform loading

Many times, at the initial stage of the project when the stress
analysis has not started yet you may have to provide the loads
(Forces / Moments) to civil engineer to design pipe rack or a
platform. This activity is also applicable to Non-stress critical
lines. Sometimes piping engineer (who may not be a stress
engineer) has to provide these loading without using a software.
Hence this Course is extremely useful to piping engineers, piping
designers and off course stress engineers.

In this Course we will learn

. How to give UDL (Uniformly distributed loads)

. How and when to provide Point loads
. How to calculate minimum axial loads on anchor bay
. Thumb rules of loading

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ADVANCE PIPE STRESS ANALYSIS

20 Overview of critical systems
Now we have come to an end of this Course. This is right time to
review few critical systems. The participant must understand that
it takes nearly 30 to 40 hours to complete one critical system
(with 5 to 6 stress critical lines in it) in all aspects. So practically
it is not possible to model each and every system in limited time.
However, we can review the ready models of such a critical system
and the comments on those. Each of these systems have typical
behaviour, typical piping route requirements, typical supporting
and hence learning it by experts adds in your knowledge.

In this Course we will have overview of

. Tank Piping
. Heat Exchanger Piping
. Column Piping
. Air Fin Cooler Piping
. Turbine and Compressor Piping

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