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Science Unit 8

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12 views6 pages

Science Unit 8

Uploaded by

kenneyma0204
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Science unit 8

Vocabulary

Mixture something that contains two or more substances


(elements or compounds) that are not combined
chemically

Alloy a mixture of two or more metals

Bronze An alloy made by mixing copper and tin and harder than
either of cooper or tin （cooper 88%: tin 12%）

Steel An alloy made by mixing iron and carbon sometimes


chromium and nickel are also added to it

Dissolved when particles of a substance mix completely with a liquid


so that transparent solution is formed

Solution a mixture in which particles of a substance (solute) are


mixed with particles of a liquid so that the substance can
no longer be seen

Condenser a piece of apparatus used to separate mixtures of liquids;


one liquid Is evaporated off, then condensed through a
cold tube and collected in a different container

Chromatography a method for separating mixtures of dissolved chemicals

Chromatogram The resulting paper of chromatography

Solution a mixture in which particles of a substance (solute) are


mixed with particles of a liquid so that the substance can
no longer be seen

Solute a substance that is dissolved

Solvent a liquid that other substances will dissolve in

Transparent describes a material through which light can pass

Conservation of mass the principle that there is no loss or gain of mass in a


chemical reaction

Concentrated solution a solution in which a large amount of solute is


dissolved

Dilute solution a solution in which a small amount of solute is


dissolved.

Soluble a substance that will dissolve in a given solvent

Insoluble a substance that will not dissolve

Saturated solution a solution in which no more of the solute will dissolve

Solubility The ability of a substance, the solute, to form a solution


with another substance, the solvent

Variables something that can be changed in an investigation

Independent variable the variable that is changed in an investigation

Dependent variable the variable that changes in an investigation as a result of


changing the independent variable; this variable is
measured

Control variable something that is kept the same in an investigation so


that the test is fair
Questions

A.

What mass of salt solution is made when 9g of salt is dissolved in 50g of water?
Explain how you worked out your answer.

ANSWER

59g

B.

If you have 100g of water at 20°C, you can dissolve 204g of sugar in it. If you
heat the water to 80°C, you can dissolve 362g of sugar in it.

a) How much sugar can be dissolved in 250g of water at 20°C?

ANSWER

510g

b) How much more sugar can be dissolved if the 250g of water is heated to 80
°C?
ANSWER

395g

End Of Unit

8.1

Give the letter of the diagram which represents:

a) molecules of a compound

b) molecules of an element

c) atoms of a mixture

d) atoms of an element

ANSWER

D, C, B, A

8.2

Copy and complete these sentences using words from the list. You may use
each word once, more than once or not at all.

dissolve dissolves evaporate filtrate insoluble


mixture saturated solid solute solution solvent
temperature volume

Two or more substances mixed together are called a (........a........). A solute is a solid that
(........b........) in a liquid. The liquid that it dissolves into is called a (........c........). Together
they make a (........d........). A solid that does not dissolve in a liquid is called (........d........).
If a solution is left for a few days the water (........f........) and a (........g........) is left in the
container. If a solid is added to a liquid until no more of the solid will dissolve a
(........h........) solution is formed. The solubility of a solid measures how much of the solid
will (........i........). When you measure the solubility of a solute you must use the same
(........j........) and type of the solvent at a given (........k........).

ANSWER

Mixture, Dissolves, Solvent, Solution, Insoluble, Evaporate, Solid, Saturated, Dissolve,


Volume, Temperature

8.3

Name Color Solubility


Sodium chloride White soluble
Zinc carbonate White insoluble
Iron sulfate Green soluble
Cooper carbonate Green insoluble
The compounds were added to separate beakers of water. There was enough
water to completely dissolve the soluble compounds. The contents of each
beaker were filtered.

a) One of the compounds left a white solid in the filter paper. What is the name of this
compound?

b) What would be the co lor of the filtrate from this beaker?

c) Describe how you would obtain pure crystals of iron sulfate from a mixture of copper
carbonate and iron sulfate.

ANSWER

a) zinc carbonate

b) transparent

c) copper carbonate + iron sulfate  filter the mixture  boiled the mixture  let the
mixture cool down

8.4

Ibrahim and Emmanuel have been investigating the amount of copper sulfate
that can be dissolved in water at different temperatures. They added copper
sulfate until no more would dissolve and they carefully measured the mass of
the copper sulfate they added. Here are their results.

Temperature 20℃ 30℃ 40℃ 50℃ 60℃ 70℃ 80℃

Mass of CuSO 22g 24g 28g 32g 30g 46g 58g

dissolve

a) What is the range of temperatures that the boys used?

b) What interval did they use for the temperatures?

c) Name a variable the boys should have kept the same.

d) Which is the independent variable?

e) Plot a graph of their results.

f) What conclusion can the boys make from their results?

ANSWER

a) 20~80℃
b) 10℃
c) Volume of water
d) Temperature of water
e) GRAPH!
f) The higher temperature of solvent can dissolve more amount of solute

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