7 Living Things and Air

7.4 Gas exchange in plants and animals efer to Textbook

p.32–52

A. True or false (5 marks)

Write ‘T’ for a true statement and ‘F’ for a false statement.

1. Gas exchange is another term for respiration. F

2. In the daytime, there is a net release of oxygen by plants. T

3. Exhaled air contains no oxygen. (less oxygen, about 16%) F

4. In humans, gas exchange takes place in the nasal cavity. F

air sacs
E 5. Mucus is produced along the airway to help trap dust particles and bacteria entering
the breathing system. T
7.4

B. Multiple-choice (9 marks)
Sectional Exercise

Choose the correct answer for each question.

1. Study the set-up below. What happens to the hydrogencarbonate indicator after three hours?

leaf
aluminium
foil

hydrogencarbonate table lamp

indicator

A. It turns yellow because the carbon dioxide content becomes higher.

B. It turns yellow because the carbon dioxide content becomes lower.
C. It turns purple because the carbon dioxide content becomes higher.
D. it turns purple because the carbon dioxide content becomes lower. A

2. Which of the following statements about a plant under sunlight

is correct?
A. It carries out respiration only.
B. It carries out photosynthesis only.
C. The rate of respiration is higher than the rate of
photosynthesis.
D. The rate of photosynthesis is higher than the rate of
respiration. D

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3. After a class of students has entered a laboratory, what happens to the composition of air in
the laboratory?
Oxygen Carbon dioxide Water vapour
A. Increases Increases Decreases
B. Increases Increases Increases
C. Decreases Decreases Increases
D. Decreases Increases Increases D

Directions: Questions 4 and 5 refer to the experimental set-up below. The soda lime is used for
absorbing the carbon dioxide in air.

to suction pump 7.4

bell jar

Sectional Exercise
limewater

rat

soda lime

4. The aim of the investigation is to find out

A. how long the rat can survive in the bell jar.
B. whether the rat takes in oxygen.
C. whether the rat gives out oxygen.
D. whether the rat gives out carbon dioxide. D

5. Which of the following would happen if two more rats are put in the bell jar?
A. All the rats would die shortly due to the lack of oxygen.
B. The limewater would turn milky in a shorter time.
C. The limewater would not turn milky.
D. There is no observable change. B

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 7 Living Things and Air

6. Which of the following statements about gas exchange in humans is/are correct?
(1) Humans have a breathing system for gas exchange.
(2) It is a chemical process that involves the movement of air into and out of our bodies.
(3) It is a process to release chemical energy in food.
A. (1) only
B. (3) only
C. (1) and (2) only
D. (2) and (3) only A

E 7. The diagram below shows an air sac. Which of the following is a correct combination of
gas X and gas Y?

blood to body cells

7.4
Sectional Exercise

blood from body cells

gas X
gas Y

Gas X Gas Y
A. Oxygen Carbon dioxide
B. Oxygen Oxygen
C. Carbon dioxide Oxygen
D. Carbon dioxide Carbon dioxide A

8. The diagram on the right shows two types of

cells lining the airway. Which of the following
mucus
combinations of the names of cell P and cell Q is
cell P
correct?
Cell P Cell Q
A. Hair cell Mucus-secreting cell
B. Hair cell Blood cell
C. Ciliated cell Mucus-secreting cell dust particle
cell Q
D. Ciliated cell Blood cell C

Key:
direction of mucus flow

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 Living Things and Air 7

9. Study the following model. It simulates cigarette smoking. Which of the following about the
colour change of the white cotton wool and the corresponding explanation is correct?

cigarette
to vacuum
pump
white cotton wool

U-tube

Colour change Explanation 7.4

A. The cotton wool turns brown Tar is deposited there
B. The cotton wool turns brown Nicotine is deposited there

Sectional Exercise
C. The cotton wool turns black Carbon monoxide is deposited there
D. The cotton wool turns black Carbon is deposited there A

C. Fill in the blanks (7 marks)

E 1. The diagram below shows a structure found on the leaf epidermis:

(a) guard cells

chloroplast
(c) vacuole

cell wall

(b) stoma
(d) nucleus

2. The pathway of air flowing through the breathing system:

nasal cavity (a) trachea (b) bronchi

(c) air sacs bronchioles

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 7 Living Things and Air

D. Matching (3 marks)
Match the harmful substances in cigarette smoke with their effects to health by writing i, ii, etc. in
the blanks below.

Harmful substance Effect to health

(a) Carbon monoxide (i) Causes lung cancer
(b) Nicotine (ii) Causes addiction
(c) Tar (iii) Reduces the oxygen content in blood

(a) iii (b) ii (c) i Each answer (1m)

E. Questions (17 marks)

7.4
1. Mrs. Cheung puts a pig’s lung into water.
Sectional Exercise

pig’s lung
water

Briefly explain what happens to the pig’s lung when it is put into the water. (4 marks)

When the pig’s lung is put into water, it (a) floats (1m) (floats/sinks) in the water. It is
because the pig’s lung contains lots of (b) air sacs (1m) which are filled with
(c) air (1m) , making the density of the lung (d) lower than water (1m) .

2. Study the following experimental set-up.

cling film
rubber band

wire gauze grasshopper

tripod
beaker

hydrogencarbonate
indicator

cling film 保鮮紙

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 Living Things and Air 7

(a) What happens to the hydrogencarbonate indicator after two hours? (2 marks)
It changes from red (1m) to yellow. (1m)

(b) Briefly explain the result in (a). (1 mark)

The grasshopper gives out carbon dioxide (1m) .

(c) Suggest a control set-up for this experiment. (1 mark)

Use a similar set-up but do not put the grasshopper inside the beaker (1m) .

3. A student sets up an aquarium below. He puts the aquarium near a window. The snail and
EM
ST
freshwater plants rely on each other to live by getting some substances they need from each
other.
lid
7.4

water
freshwater plants

Sectional Exercise
glass container

snail

(a) What do the snails need to support life? (2 marks)

They need oxygen (1m) and food. (1m)

(b) Referring to (a), how do the snails get these substances? (3 marks)
The snails eat the (i) freshwater plants (1m) as food and obtain the (ii) oxygen (1m)

given out by the (iii) freshwater plants during photosynthesis (1m) .

(c) What substance can the freshwater plants obtain from the snails? (1 mark)
Carbon dioxide (1m)

(d) What will happen to the snails and freshwater plants if the aquarium is kept in the dark
all the time? Briefly explain. (3 marks)
If the aquarium is kept in the dark all the time, the snails and the freshwater
plants will (i) die (1m) . This is because the freshwater plants cannot
(ii) carry out photosynthesis to make food (1m) and cannot
(iii) produce oxygen (1m) for the snails.

Total Score : / 41

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