0% found this document useful (0 votes)
92 views19 pages

Roof Beam

Uploaded by

Prabhu Ram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
92 views19 pages

Roof Beam

Uploaded by

Prabhu Ram
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

DESIGN OF R.C.

C COLUMN FOOTING

Input details I II III


Load, Pu kN 4980 3320 3240 2160 1912.5
Muy (Hori) kNm 220.5 147 280.5 187 99
Muz (verti) kNm 0 0 0 0 0
fck N/mm2 25 25 25
fy N/mm2 500 500 500
SBC kN/m2 350 350 350
Column size b m 0.46 0.46 0.46
d m 0.53 0.53 0.53
Area reqd m2 9.49 6.17 3.64
L (Horizontal) ft 10.75 9.00 6.50
B (Vertical) ft 10.75 9.00 7.00
L (Horizontal) m 3.27 2.74 1.98
B (Vertical) m 3.27 2.74 2.13
Area provided 10.69 7.51 4.22
Direct Pressure kN/m2 465.73 431.56 453.48
Pmax xy kN/m2 503.57 513.38 519.60
Pmin xy kN/m2 427.89 349.75 387.35
SAFE SAFE SAFE
Depth of footing
Moment Mu kNm 497.0 333.6 150.1
or kNm 472.6 313.4 166.3
d reqd mm 379.56 310.96 208.56
or mm 370.10 301.41 219.53
D provided mm 1000 840 610
Therefore Eff d mm 950 790 560
Projection for BM m 1.405 1.14 0.76
m 1.37 1.105 0.8
Proj-one way SF m 0.455 0.35 0.2
Proj-Two way SF m 1.41 1.25 1.02
m 1.48 1.32 1.09
Ast reqd
Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d ( 1 - (fy Ast)/(fck b d))
a&b 8.7000 413250 8.7000 343650 8.7000
c 5E+08 4.73E+08 3.34E+08 3.1E+08 1.5E+08
Ast X & Y mm2 1234.827 1172.49 995.840 934.13 630.199
Dia of rod X & Y mm 16 16 12 12 10
Sp reqd X & Y mm 162.74 171.40 113.51 121.01 124.56
Sp prod X & Y mm 125 125 125 125 125
Ast prod X & Y mm2 1607.68 1607.7 904.32 904.3 628.00
% Ast 0.17 0.17 0.11 0.11 0.11
One way shear
Vu kN 211.9 151.0 90.7
Tou v N/mm2 0.223 0.191 0.162
Tc N/mm2 0.28 0.28 0.28
Two way shear SAFE SAFE SAFE
Vu kN 4008.12 2527.92 1408.32
Tou v N/mm2 0.73 0.62 0.60
Bc 0.87 0.87 0.87
ks 1.37 1.0 1.37 1.0 1.37
Tou c= ks x 0.25 x sqrt(fck) 1.25 1.25 1.25
N/mm2 SAFE SAFE SAFE
Results
Size of footing in m 3.27 3.27 2.74 2.74 1.98
Depth of footing in mm 1000 840 610

Ast 16#125 C/C 12#125 C/C 10#125 C/C


16#125 C/C 12#125 C/C 10#150 C/C
FOOTING

IV V VI
1275 952.5 635 682.5 455 3000
66 22.5 15 31.5 21 244.5
0 0 0 0 0 0
25 25 25
500 500 500
350 350 350
0.23 0.23 0.23
0.46 0.46 0.6
2.00 1.30 5.71
5.50 5.00 9.50
4.50 4.00 8.00
1.67 1.52 2.89
1.37 1.22 2.43
2.29 1.85 7.02
416.32 368.04 427.19
459.39 451.58 513.15
373.25 284.50 341.22
SAFE SAFE SAFE

119.1 93.9 453.9


47.6 32.6 214.8
185.78 165.01 362.70
117.40 97.21 249.53
530 460 915
480 410 865
0.72 0.645 1.33
0.455 0.38 0.915
0.24 0.235 0.465
0.71 0.64 1.095
0.94 0.87 1.465

243600 8.7000 208800 8.7000 178350 8.7000


166272926 119074088 47552687 93935191 32604391 453856172
700.07 584.514 229.95 540.965 184.47 1241.839
10 10 10 10 10 16
112.13 134.30 341.38 145.11 425.54 161.82
150 150 150 125 125 125
523.3 523.33 523.3 628.00 628.0 1607.68
0.09 0.11 0.11 0.15 0.15 0.19

99.9 86.5 198.6


0.208 0.211 0.230
0.28 0.28 0.28
SAFE SAFE SAFE
674.65 477.57 2314.72
0.43 0.39 0.52
0.50 0.50 0.38
1.0 1.00 1.0 1.00 1.0 0.88
1.25 1.25 1.10
SAFE SAFE SAFE

2.13 1.67 1.37 1.52 1.22 2.89


530 460 915

10#125 C/C 10#150 C/C 10#125 C/C 16#125 C/C


10#150 C/C 10#150 C/C 10#125 C/C 16#125 C/C
VII
2000 1875 1250
163 27 18
0 0 0
25
500
350
0.23
0.6
3.57
6.75
6.00
2.05
1.83
3.75
499.80
523.40
476.20
SAFE

216.7
99.0
250.63
169.38
760
710
0.91
0.615
0.2
0.94
1.31

376275 8.7000 308850


214811314 216712610 98980953
578.63 716.122 323.43
16 12 12
347.30 157.85 349.50
125 125 125
1607.7 904.32 904.3
0.19 0.13 0.13

100.0
0.141
0.28
SAFE
1259.55
0.39
0.38
1.0 0.88 1.0
1.10
SAFE

2.43 2.05 1.83


760

16#125 C/C 12#125 C/C


16#125 C/C 12#125 C/C
DESIGN OF R.C.C COLUMN (LIMIT STATE OF COLLAPSE)
TYPE II III III III
Load, Pu kN 531 500 636 530 414 850 190.2
Mux kNm 318 100 39.61 75 54.6 47 67.5
Muy kNm 0 15 55.5 5 50 29 68
fck N/mm2 25 20 20 20
fy N/mm2 500 415 415 415
b mm 230 230 230 230
D mm 530 533 533 533
% Ast, p % 3 2.8 2.8 2.8

p/fck 0.120 0.140 0.140 0.140


d'/D x 0.075 0.075 0.075 0.075
d'/D y 0.174 0.174 0.174 0.174
Pu/fckbD 0.174 0.259 0.169 0.078
Factor x 0.17 0.19 0.19 0.19
Factor y 0.13 0.15 0.15 0.15
Mux1 kNm 274.6 248.3 248.3 248.3
Muy1 kNm 91.1 84.6 84.6 84.6
Puz kN 2742.75 2171.68 2171.68 2171.68
= 0.45 fck Ac+ 0.75 fy Asc
Pu/Puz 0.19 0.29 0.19 0.09
Alpha n 1 0 1 1
0.99 1.25 1.15 1 0.98 1 0.81
Mux/Mux1 + Muy/Muy1 Should be < 1
1.20 0.16 0.22 0.09
0.00 0.66 0.59 0.67
1.20 0.82 0.81 0.76
UNSAFE SAFE SAFE SAFE
Ast mm2 3657 3432.52 3432.52 3432.52

Dia No of rods Minimum Eccentricity


16 4 Eff. Ht 3500 mm Axial Load, P 106 kN
12 2 ex 22.3 mm D, Lx 0.3 10.7 m
12 0 ey 20.0 mm b, Ly 0.3 10.7 m
Mx 10.05 kNm Eff height factor 1
My 9.00 kNm Addl Moment x 20.23 kNm
Addl Moment y 20.23 kNm
DESIGN OF R.C.C COLUMN
III TYPE I GF FF
1100 250 200 Load, kN 45 30 1650
60 30 20 Muy kNm 0 0 187.5
30 30 20 fck N/mm2 20 20
20 fy N/mm2 500 500
415 b mm 300 300
230 D mm 380 600
300 % Ast % 0.8 1.4
1.6 p/fck 0.040 0.070
d'/D x 0.105 0.067
0.080 Pu/fckbD 0.020 0.458
0.133 Mux/fck bd2 0.000 0.087
0.174 Ast mm2 912 2520
0.181 Dia o of rods Area Dia No of rods
0.15 16 6 1205.76 25 8
0.15 16 0 0.00 20 2
62.1 16 0 0.00 16 0
47.6 1205.76
964.62 TYPE I SF FoF
Load, kN 951 634 277.5
0.26 Muy kNm 30 20 30
0 fck N/mm2 20 20
1.86 1.10 1.19 fy N/mm2 415 415
b mm 230 230
0.42 D mm 460 460
0.58 % Ast % 0.8 0.8
1.00 p/fck 0.040 0.040
SAFE d'/D x 0.087 0.087
1104 Pu/fckbD 0.449 0.131
Mux/fck bd2 0.031 0.031
Ast mm2 846.4 846.4
, Dia o of rods Area Dia No of rods
16 4 803.84 20 0
12 2 226.08 16 4
12 0 0.00 12 4
1029.92
Type I

1100
125

Area
3925.00
628.00
0.00
4553.00
Type I
185
20

Area
0.00
803.84
452.16
1256.00
Mu/bd2 Mu/bd2 Ast % Asc %
0.30 0.085 1.85 0.584
0.40 0.114 1.90 0.602
0.50 0.143 1.95 0.621
0.60 0.172 2.00 0.610
0.70 0.203 2.10 0.678
0.80 0.233 2.30 0.757
0.85 0.248 2.50 0.840
0.90 0.264 2.70 0.928
0.95 0.28 2.90 0.998 0.045
1.00 0.295 3.10 1.06 0.109
1.05 0.311 3.30 1.122 0.174
1.10 0.327 3.50 1.183 0.239
1.15 0.343 3.70 1.245 0.304
1.20 0.359 3.90 1.306 0.369
1.25 0.376 4.10 1.368 0.433
1.30 0.392 4.30 1.429 0.498
1.35 0.409 4.50 1.491 0.563
1.40 0.426 4.70 1.553 0.628
1.45 0.443 4.90 1.614 0.692
1.50 0.46 5.10 1.676 0.757
1.55 0.477 5.30 1.737 0.822
1.60 0.494 5.50 1.799 0.887
1.65 0.512 5.70 1.861 0.952
1.70 0.53 5.90 1.922 1.016
1.75 0.547 6.10 1.984 1.081
1.80 0.565
BEAM MARK B1-TOP REINFORCEMENT

Concrete 30 MPa Width, b 600 mm


Steel 500 MPa Depth, D 500 mm
Moment, M 260 kNm eff.depth d 465 mm
Shear Force, V 225 kN eff. Span 8.53 m
Torsion ,T 4 kNm clear cover to stirrups 25 mm
Moment, Mt 396.470588235294 kNm stirrup 8 mm
shear 337.516 kN
Mu/fcubd2 0.10 Singly Reinforced
M= 0.87fyAstd(1-(Ast*fy/(bdfck))
a 12.08
b 202275.00
c 396470588.235
Ast 2267.088 mm2
Eff. Cover
Tension Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2) (mm)
Layer 1 4 20 1257 43
Layer 2 4 20 1257 83
Layer 3 0 20 0 123
Total area of tension steel (mm2) 2513 63 Pass
Final eff d 437 mm pt 0.96 %
Service Stress in Steel (fs) 300.7 MPa
Compression
Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2) Eff Cov

Layer 1 4 20 1257 43
Layer 2 0 0 0 83
Total compression steel (mm2) 1256.637061 43
d' 43 mm pc 0.48 %
Span/eff Depth 19.52
Allowable
Basic Span/Eff Depth 28
Modification Factors
For Span 1.00
Tension Steel 1.01
Compression Steel 1.14

Allowable Span to Depth Ratio 32.29 Pass


nu 0.86 MPa
nc 0.66 MPa

Asv/Sv 0.552 Minimum


Asv/Sv 0.270

Providing 4 Legged 8 mm Dia @ 150 mm c/c

Asv/Sv 1.34 Pass


BEAM MARK B2-BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT

Concrete 30 MPa Width, b 600 mm


Steel 500 MPa Depth, D 500 mm
Moment, M 210 kNm eff.depth d 465 mm
Shear Force, V 110 kN eff. Span 8.25 m
Torsion ,T 4 kNm clear cover to stirrups 25 mm
Moment, Mt 321.470588235294 kNm stirrup 8 mm
shear 165.016 kN
Mu/fcubd2 0.08 Singly Reinforced
M= 0.87fyAstd(1-(Ast*fy/(bdfck))
a 12.08
b 202275.00
c 321470588.235
Ast 1778.154 mm2
Area Eff. Cover
Tension Steel No Dia (mm) (mm2) (mm)
Layer 1 4 20 1257 43
Layer 2 4 16 804 83
Layer 3 0 25 0 133
Total area of tension steel (mm2) 2060 59 Pass
Final eff d 441 mm pt 0.78 %
Service Stress in Steel (fs) 287.7 MPa
Compression
Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2)Eff Cov

Layer 1 4 20 1257 43
Layer 2 0 20 0 83
Total compression steel (mm2) 1256.637 43
d' 43 mm pc 0.47 %
Span/eff Depth 18.69
Allowable
Basic Span/Eff Depth 28
Modification Factors
For Span 1.00
Tension Steel 1.13
Compression Steel 1.14

Allowable Span to Depth Ratio 36.12 Pass


nu 0.42 MPa
nc 0.62 MPa

Asv/Sv 0.552 Minimum


Asv/Sv -0.279

Providing 4 Legged 8 mm Dia @ 150 mm c/c

Asv/Sv 1.34 Pass


BEAM MARK B1-TOP REINFORCEMENT

Concrete 20 MPa Width, b 230 mm


Steel 500 MPa Depth, D 450 mm
Moment, M 34 kNm eff.depth d 415 mm
Shear Force, V 50 kN eff. Span 5.3 m
Torsion ,T 34 kNm clear cover to stirrups 25 mm
Moment, Mt 139.695652173913 kNm stirrup 8 mm
shear 75.3547826086956 kN
Mu/fcubd2 0.18 Singly Reinforced
M= 0.87fyAstd(1-(Ast*fy/(bdfck))
a 47.28
b 180525.00
c 139695652.174
Ast 1078.459 mm2
Eff. Cover
Tension Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2) (mm)
Layer 1 4 20 1257 43
Layer 2 0 0 0 83
Layer 3 0 0 0 83
Total area of tension steel (mm2) 1256 43 Pass
Final eff d 407 mm pt 1.34 %
Service Stress in Steel (fs) 286.2 MPa
Compression
Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2) Eff Cov

Layer 1 4 20 1257 43
Layer 2 0 0 0 83
Total compression steel (mm2) 1256.637061 43
d' 43 mm pc 1.34 %
Span/eff Depth 13.02
Allowable
Basic Span/Eff Depth 28
Modification Factors
For Span 1.00
Tension Steel 1.44
Compression Steel 1.31

Allowable Span to Depth Ratio 52.67 Pass


nu 0.53 MPa
nc 0.65 MPa

Asv/Sv 0.211 Minimum


Asv/Sv -0.060

Providing 2 Legged 8 mm Dia @ 150 mm c/c

Asv/Sv 0.67 Pass


BEAM MARK B2-BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT

Concrete 30 MPa Width, b 230 mm


Steel 500 MPa Depth, D 380 mm
Moment, M 25 kNm eff.depth d 345 mm
Shear Force, V 25 kN eff. Span 8.25 m
Torsion ,T 2 kNm clear cover to stirrups 25 mm
Moment, Mt 42.1803069053709 kNm stirrup 0 mm
shear 37.5208695652174 kN
Mu/fcubd2 0.05 Singly Reinforced
M= 0.87fyAstd(1-(Ast*fy/(bdfck))
a 31.52
b 150075.00
c 42180306.905
Ast 299.960 mm2
Area Eff. Cover
Tension Steel No Dia (mm) (mm2) (mm)
Layer 1 4 20 1257 35
Layer 2 4 16 804 75
Layer 3 0 25 0 125
Total area of tension steel (mm2) 2060 51 Pass
Final eff d 329 mm pt 2.72 %
Service Stress in Steel (fs) 48.5 MPa
Compression
Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2)Eff Cov

Layer 1 4 20 1257 35
Layer 2 0 20 0 75
Total compression steel (mm2) 1256.637 35
d' 35 mm pc 1.66 %
Span/eff Depth 25.05
Allowable
Basic Span/Eff Depth 28
Modification Factors
For Span 1.00
Tension Steel 2.00
Compression Steel 1.36

Allowable Span to Depth Ratio 75.94 Pass


nu 0.33 MPa
nc 0.98 MPa

Asv/Sv 0.211 Minimum


Asv/Sv -0.346

Providing 3 Legged 8 mm Dia @ 200 mm c/c

Asv/Sv 0.75 Pass


BEAM MARK B1-TOP REINFORCEMENT

Concrete 25 MPa Width, b 230 mm


Steel 500 MPa Depth, D 125 mm
Moment, M 0 kNm eff.depth d 90 mm
Shear Force, V 40 kN eff. Span 3.3 m
Torsion ,T 25 kNm clear cover to stirrups 25 mm
Moment, Mt 34.0473145780051 kNm stirrup 10 mm
shear 60.2608695652174 kN
Mu/fcubd2 0.73 Singly Reinforced
M= 0.87fyAstd(1-(Ast*fy/(bdfck))
a 37.83
b 39150.00
c 34047314.578
Ast #NUM! mm2
Eff. Cover
Tension Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2) (mm)
Layer 1 2 20 628 45
Layer 2 0 0 0 85
Layer 3 0 0 0 85
Total area of tension steel (mm2) 628 45 ###
Final eff d 80 mm pt 3.41 %
Service Stress in Steel (fs) #NUM! MPa
Compression
Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2) Eff Cov

Layer 1 2 12 226 41
Layer 2 0 0 0 65
Total compression steel (mm2) 226.1946711 41
d' 41 mm pc 1.23 %
Span/eff Depth 41.26
Allowable
Basic Span/Eff Depth 7 4
Modification Factors
For Span 1.00
Tension Steel #NUM!
Compression Steel 1.29

Allowable Span to Depth Ratio #NUM! ###


nu 2.17 MPa
nc 1.36 MPa

Asv/Sv 0.211 Minimum


Asv/Sv 0.429

Providing 5 Legged 10 mm Dia @ 125 mm c/c

Asv/Sv 3.14 Pass


BEAM MARK B2-BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT

Concrete 30 MPa Width, b 600 mm


Steel 500 MPa Depth, D 500 mm
Moment, M 170 kNm eff.depth d 465 mm
Shear Force, V 135 kN eff. Span 8.53 m
Torsion ,T 2 kNm clear cover to stirrups 25 mm
Moment, Mt 258.235294117647 kNm stirrup 0 mm
shear 202.508 kN
Mu/fcubd2 0.07 Singly Reinforced
M= 0.87fyAstd(1-(Ast*fy/(bdfck))
a 12.08
b 202275.00
c 258235294.118
Ast 1392.486 mm2
Area Eff. Cover
Tension Steel No Dia (mm) (mm2) (mm)
Layer 1 4 25 1963 38
Layer 2 4 20 1257 88
Layer 3 0 25 0 138
Total area of tension steel (mm2) 3220 57 Pass
Final eff d 443 mm pt 1.21 %
Service Stress in Steel (fs) 144.1 MPa
Compression
Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2)Eff Cov

Layer 1 4 25 1963 37.5


Layer 2 0 20 0 87.5
Total compression steel (mm2) 1963.495 37.5
d' 37.5 mm pc 0.74 %
Span/eff Depth 19.26
Allowable
Basic Span/Eff Depth 28
Modification Factors
For Span 1.00
Tension Steel 1.73
Compression Steel 1.20

Allowable Span to Depth Ratio 58.13 Pass


nu 0.51 MPa
nc 0.72 MPa

Asv/Sv 0.552 Minimum


Asv/Sv -0.287

Providing 4 Legged 8 mm Dia @ 200 mm c/c

Asv/Sv 1.01 Pass


BEAM MARK B3-TOP REINFORCEMENT

Concrete 20 MPa Width, b 380 mm


Steel 500 MPa Depth, D 530 mm
Moment, M 0 kNm eff.depth d 495 mm
Shear Force, V 0 kN eff. Span 4.87 m
Torsion ,T 195 kNm clear cover to stirrups 25 mm
Moment, Mt 142 kNm stirrup 8 mm
shear 1.23157894736842 kN
Mu/fcubd2 0.08 Singly Reinforced
M= 0.87fyAstd(1-(Ast*fy/(bdfck))
a 28.62
b 215325.00
c 142000000.000
Ast 730.366 mm2
Eff. Cover
Tension Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2) (mm)
Layer 1 3 20 942 43
Layer 2 0 0 0 83
Layer 3 0 0 0 83
Total area of tension steel (mm2) 942 43 Pass
Final eff d 487 mm pt 0.51 %
Service Stress in Steel (fs) 258.4 MPa
Compression
Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2) Eff Cov

Layer 1 2 16 402 41
Layer 2 0 0 0 73
Total compression steel (mm2) 402.1238597 41
d' 41 mm pc 0.22 %
Span/eff Depth 10.00
Allowable
Basic Span/Eff Depth 20
Modification Factors
For Span 1.00
Tension Steel 2.00
Compression Steel 1.07

Allowable Span to Depth Ratio 42.70 Pass


nu 0.00 MPa
nc 0.47 MPa

Asv/Sv 0.349 Minimum


Asv/Sv -0.409

Providing 2 Legged 8 mm Dia @ 150 mm c/c

Asv/Sv 0.67 Pass


BEAM MARK PB3-BOTTOM REINFORCEMENT

Concrete 20 MPa Width, b 230 mm


Steel 500 MPa Depth, D 460 mm
Moment, M 108 kNm eff.depth d 425 mm
Shear Force, V 70 kN eff. Span 8.25 m
Torsion ,T 0 kNm clear cover to stirrups 25 mm
Moment, Mt 108 kNm stirrup 0 mm
shear 70 kN
Mu/fcubd2 0.13 Singly Reinforced
M= 0.87fyAstd(1-(Ast*fy/(bdfck))
a 47.28
b 184875.00
c 108000000.000
Ast 714.884 mm2
Area Eff. Cover
Tension Steel No Dia (mm) (mm2) (mm)
Layer 1 3 16 603 33
Layer 2 3 16 603 65
Layer 3 0 0 0 97
Total area of tension steel (mm2) 1206 49 Pass
Final eff d 411 mm pt 1.28 %
Service Stress in Steel (fs) 197.6 MPa
Compression
Steel No Dia (mm) Area (mm2)Eff Cov

Layer 1 2 20 628 35
Layer 2 0 20 0 75
Total compression steel (mm2) 628.3185 35
d' 35 mm pc 0.66 %
Span/eff Depth 20.07
Allowable
Basic Span/Eff Depth 20
Modification Factors
For Span 1.00
Tension Steel 1.18
Compression Steel 1.18

Allowable Span to Depth Ratio 27.94 Pass


nu 0.74 MPa
nc 0.64 MPa

Asv/Sv 0.211 Minimum


Asv/Sv 0.055

Providing 3 Legged 8 mm Dia @ 200 mm c/c

Asv/Sv 0.75 Pass


DESIGN OF SLAB

fck 20
fy 415
ly/lx 6.55 5.72 1.15
slab thickness in mm 125
Floor finish / w.c 2.00 kN/m2
Live load 2.00 kN/m2
Filling load 0.00 kN/m2
Others 0.0 kN/m2

Total Load 7.1


10.7 kN/m2

dir alpha Moment Ast dia spacing


-x 0.06 #N/A #N/A 10 #N/A
x 0.045 #N/A #N/A 10 #N/A
-y 0.047 #N/A #N/A 10 #N/A
y 0.035 #N/A #N/A 10 #N/A

dprod 150 125


45131 7.5 #N/A
#N/A
#N/A
#N/A

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy