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18 views30 pages

Module 1.1

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kumrawatnirav3
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Electric Circuits and Systems

Dr. Krishna Chauhan,


Assistant Professor Grade 2
School of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
VIT Bhopal University
Basics of Electrical and
Electronics

Electrical engineering: deals with power , electrical machines,


and their control systems.

Electronics engineering: deals with semiconductor devices,


circuits, and communications.
Outline of the Course
• Total Hours = 60 = 45 (LT) + 15 (P)
• Assignments,
• Quizzes (Surprise),
• Homework,
• Attendance,
• Lab files, Lab Exam (Viva and Challenging Task),
• Mid-Sem Exam,
• End-Sem Exam
Module 1: Electric Circuits
✔ DC Circuit Analysis: Laws: Ohm’s law
✔ Voltage and current divisions rule - Kirchhoff’s Current and
Voltage laws
✔ Series & parallel circuits - Star-Delta conversion, Mesh, and
Nodal Analysis - Network Theorems: Superposition
theorem, Thevenin’s theorem, Norton’s Theorem, and
maximum power transfer theorem
✔ Voltage and Current sources
Module-2: AC Circuits Analysis
✔ Fundamentals of AC waveforms (average, rms, peak)
✔ AC Circuit Analysis & Phasors: RL, RC, RLC –
✔ Series and parallel, Resonance.
✔ Natural and forced responses in First order and Second order
systems.
Module-3: Magnetic Circuits
✔ Magnetic Coupled Circuits: Analogy between electric and
magnetic circuits.
✔ Series and parallel magnetic circuits.
✔ Electromagnetic Self and Mutual Induction.
✔ Applications of Magnetism.
✔ Applications of Electro-Magnetism-
✔ DC– motor & generator, single phase and 3 phase induction
motor
✔ Transformer.
Module-4: Semiconductor Devices
✔ Introduction to semiconductors
✔ PN Junction Diode: Construction and operation with
characteristics
✔ Rectifiers: Half-wave and Full-wave.
✔ Zener Diode: Construction and operation with characteristics
✔ Zener Regulator.
✔ BJT - Configuration – Characteristics
✔ CE Amplifier
✔ MOSFET
Module-5:Digital and Logical Systems

✔ Boolean Algebra
✔ Logic gates & Universal Gates.
✔ Arithmetic circuits
✔ MUX/DEMUX, Decoder/ Encoder
✔ Flip-flops
Books
Text Book(s):
1. S.K. Bhattacharya, ‘Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering’, Pearson
Publications, 1st Edition, 2011.

Reference Book(s):
1. Allan R. Hambley, ‘Electrical Engineering-Principles & Applications’ Pearson
Education, First Impression, 6th Edition, 2013.
2. P.S.Bimbhra,” Electrical Machinery”, Khanna Publishers,2003.
3. Charles K Alexander, Mathew N.O Sadiku, ‘Fundamentals of Electric Circuits’,
McGraw Hill, 5th Edition, 2012.
4. Thomas L. Floyd, ‘Digital Fundamentals’, Pearson Education, 10th Edition, 2010.
5. William H. Hayt Jr. Jack E. Kemmerly, Jamie D. Phillips, Steven M. Durbin, Electric
Circuit Analysis, McGraw Hill,9th Edition,2020.
6. Adel S Sedra, Kenneth C Smith, Chandorkar , Microelectronic Circuits, Theory and
Applications, oxford press, 7th Edition,2017.
Semester – 2024-25

✔ First Class – 05-09-2024


✔ Mid-Term Examinations - 06-11-2024
✔ Last Class – Mid Dec 2024
✔ Term End Examinations - Jan 2025
Why study ECS as a CSE Engineer?
1. Understanding Hardware
2. Embedded Systems and IoT
3. Cross-Disciplinary Applications
4. Computational Thinking
5. Image Processing and Machine Learning
6. Robotics and Automation
7. Foundation for Advanced Study
Introduction & Basics

Electricity is ubiquitous and powers all electrical and electronic systems.

Electrical Engineering focuses on the generation, transmission, distribution, and


utilization of electrical energy.

Electronics Engineering is a subset that focuses on devices where electrons move


through vacuum, gas, or semiconductors (e.g., diodes, transistors).
Electric Circuits

Definition: An electric circuit is a


closed-loop through which electric current
can flow.
Basic Components: Every circuit is made up
of three primary components—a voltage
source, a conducting path, and a load.
Role in Everyday Life: From household
appliances to industrial machines,
electric circuits are integral to modern
life.
Current (I)
Definition: Current is the flow of electric charge in a circuit. It
represents how many electrons are flowing through the circuit.
Units: Measured in Amperes (A).
Role: It is the “lifeblood” of the circuit, responsible for transferring
energy.
Example: An LED lights up in a circuit due to the flow of current.
Voltage (V)
Definition: Voltage is the electrical potential difference between two
points in a circuit.
Units: Measured in Volts (V).
Role: It serves as the “push” that moves electrons through a circuit.
Example: A battery in a circuit provides voltage.
Resistance (R)
Definition: Resistance is the opposition to the flow of electric charge.
It depends on the material, size, and temperature of the conductor.
Units: Measured in Ohms (Ω).
Role: It controls how much current flows through a circuit.
Example: A resistor or an insulated wire in a circuit.
Ohm's Law
Example 1: Calculating Current in a Circuit

You have a 9V battery connected to a resistor with a resistance of 450


ohms. What is the current flowing through the circuit?
Example 2: Calculating Power in a Light Bulb

If a light bulb is connected to a 120V supply and draws a current of 0.5


A, what is the power consumed by the light bulb?
Example 3: In a series circuit with a 12volt battery, if there are two resistors
of 4 ohms and 6 ohms, what is the current flowing through the circuit?

We have a series circuit with a 12V


and two resistors (4 Ω and 6 Ω). First, sum the resistances in series. Then,
apply Ohm’s Law.

Rtotal=R1+R2=4 Ω+6 Ω=10 Ω

I=V/R=12/10 =1.2 A
Example 3: Calculate the total resistance in a parallel circuit with two
resistors of 5ohms and 10 ohms. If a voltage of 12volts is applied across the
circuit, what is the total current flowing through the circuit??

The total current flowing through the circuit is 3.6 A


What is a Series Connection?
A series circuit is a circuit where the components are connected end-to-end in a line. These
series resistors form a single path through which current can flow
What is a Parallel Connection?
It is a circuit where all components are connected across each other’s leads. There are many paths for
current flow, but only one voltage across all components.
Obtain the equivalent resistance Rab
for the circuit

Ans: 9.642 Ω
Find Req for the given
circuit
Obtain the equivalent resistance Rab
for the circuit
Obtain the equivalent resistance Rab
for the circuit

b
Assignment
1. Define electricity and electric charge.
2. What does an electric current mean?
3. Define the unit of current.
4. What is power? Define the unit of power.
5. Define resistance and capacitance and their units.
6. Define an atom, electron, and hole.
7. Define conductors, insulators, and semiconductors.
8. Applications of electrical engineering in our daily life.
9. Applications of electronics engineering in our daily life.
Summary
✔ Introductory lecture
✔ Syllabus Discussed
✔ Evaluation pattern
✔ Ohm’s Law and its numerical problems
✔ Assignment

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