Exercise 10

Ximena Yanez Hinojosa (T03030713)

Contemporary World
Luisa María Reyes Cortés
26/September/2024
 Introduction
Hello, my name is ximena
Yanez Hinojosa, I like very
much this topic because I
considier that it’s a tracendent
event on earth’s history
Today I’m going to explain it,
based on what learnd on my
inevstigation about the end of
the second World war.
Some important dates that
today I’m going to explain are:
• D-Day
• The end of Nazis
• Some conflicts from Japan
and USA
• The end of the war
• The cold war
• The UN Foundation
The "D-Day”
June 6, 1944:
The largest amphibious invasion in
military history to the beaches of
Normandy, France. This was a plan by The
Allies, the invasion included 7,000 ships
and landing craft, 195,000 naval personnel
from eight allied countries. Almost 133,000
troops from the United States, the British
Commonwealth. landing numbered
10,300. By June 30, over 850,000 men,
148,000 vehicles, and 570,000 tons of
supplies landed on the Normandy shores.
The allied forces western front, and
Russian forces on the eastern front, led to
the defeat of German Nazi forces.
The End of
Nazi Germany.

8 May 1945:
The definitive surrender of Nazi
Germany to the Allies, was
signed by Field marshal Wilhelm
Keitel. Known as the “VE Day”
in Karlshorst, Berlin. With Adolf
Hitler's suicide and the rise to the
power of admiral Karl Dönitz in
30, April
1945, Soviet troops conquered
Berlin and accepted surrender of
the German government. The last
battles were fought on
the Eastern Front which ended in
the total surrender of all of Nazi
Germany’s
 Japan V.S. the
United States.
7 December 1941:
Japan attacked on the American navel base at
Pearl Harbor, so the United States declared
war on Japan, entering into World War II.
6 August 1945:
the United States Army Air Force dropped an
atomic bomb on Hiroshima city.
9 August 1945:
the United States dropped a bomb on
Nagasaki city. thousands of people died in the
explosions, and more died because of the
radiation.

14 August 1945:
American forces began to occupy Japan. Japan
agreed to surrender.
2 September 1945:
Japan formally surrendered to the United
States.
The end of World War II.
8 May 1945:
Europe marked the conclusion of World War II. As news of Germany's
surrender spread, crowds filled the streets with newspapers that
proclaimed Victory in Europe known as “V-E Day”.

14 August 1945:
President Harry S. Truman announced Japan's surrender, signaling the
end of the war.

2 September 1945:
Formal surrender documents were signed, officially marking the day
as Victory over Japan Day (V-J Day) and the end of the World War II.
 The victorious nations of the new
world geopolitical order.

The United Nations' foundation in 1945 was the responsible for the new geopolitical order,.
delegates from fifty nations met in San Francisco and created a constitution for new global
organization, which was established to stop the treat of another world war. After Poland
joined, there were 51 initial members.
24 October 1945:
the UN officially came into being after the UN Charter was approved.
Some of the countries in the UN where:
Republic of China, France, Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, United Kingdom of Great
Britain and Northern Ireland, United States of America, Argentina, Brazil, Belarusian Soviet
Socialist Republic, Chile, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Dominican Republic, Egypt, El
Salvador, Haiti, Iran, Lebanon, Luxembourg, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Paraguay,
Commonwealth of the Philippines, Poland.
The United States V.S. The Soviet
Union.
The Cold War was a tense rivalry between the United States and the Soviet
Union that emerged after World War II, involving political, economic, and
propaganda battles with minimal military confrontation. Initially predicted
by George Orwell in 1945 as a nuclear stalemate between superpowers,
the term "Cold War" was popularized in the U.S. by Bernard Baruch in
1947. By the 1960s and '70s, the clear division between Soviet and
American blocs dissolved, partly due to the Sino-Soviet split and the
economic rise of Western Europe and Japan. This shift allowed smaller
nations to assert more independence from the superpowers.
 SOCIALISM
Socialism V.S. Capitalist PROS CONS
Economic Lack of
Equality Innovation
SOCIALISM CAPITALISM
Social Welfare Inefficiency &
Soviet Union United Bureaucracy
Kingdom Reduces Limited
East Germany France Exploitation Consumer
Choice
Yugoslavia Italy
Focus on Slower
Venezuela Spain Public Good Economic
CAPITALISM
Growth
Vietnam Belgium
PROS
Job Security RiskCONS
of
Romania United States
Economic Authoritarianis
Income
of America
Efficiency m
Inequality
Poland Canada Technological Exploitation of
Czechoslovakia Brazil Progress Labor
China Japan Incentive for Boom-and-
Hard Work Bust Cycles
Cuba South Korea
Economic Lack of Social
 Situation of
Europe post-war
• Economic:
The war left Europe's economies in devastation, due to
cities were bombed with the destruction of infrastructure
(roads, bridges, factories, homes) stopped economic
activity, this made difficult to produce goods, transport
them and rebuild faster, severe shortages of essential
resources (food and raw materials), hunger and rationing
of goods. Many countries struggled to provide the basic
necessities for their populations. Unemployment became
was a big issue, the soldiers return without work.
• Political:
New divisions, due to the economic-political conflict called
“The Cold War” Europe was divides into two political and
economic systems, the West (democracy and capitalism),
and the East (communism and command economies).
• Social:
As a consequence of the war millions of people were
displaced and homeless, there was a difficult time for them
due to lack of income and job’s opportunities.
Interview
My dad: Miguel
Age: 44
• How do you define capitalism and communism?
“They are economic systems. In capitalism there’s private
businesses and own control property and production. On the other
hand, communism is when the state owns all property and means of
production, so there’s an equally distribution resources.”
• Which one is the best for you and why?
“Both have pros and cons, each system works different.”
• Do you know what is the cold war?
“An economic war between the United States and the Soviet Union”
In my opinion…
After World War II, the United States and the Soviet Union established as
powerful nations, changing both world politics and economics. The conflicting
ideas of capitalism and socialism first appeared, with capitalism supporting
private property and free markets and socialism promoting equality and state
control. The Cold War, was characterized by an intense rivalry and
ideological battle between the capitalist West and the socialist East, was
caused by these opposing systems. The global balance of power, economy,
and international relations were all transformed during this time.
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1#:~:text=There%20was%20much%20devastation%2C%20shortages,economic%20change%20and%20new

%20divisions.

• Malloryk. (2020, 22 octubre). Great Responsibilities and New Global Power. The National WWII Museum | New

Orleans. https://www.nationalww2museum.org/war/articles/new-global-power-after-world-war-ii-1945

• Research Guides: Miembros de la ONU: Estados Miembros fundadores. (s. f.).

https://research.un.org/es/unmembers/founders

• The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. (2024, 26 septiembre). Cold War | Summary, Causes, history, years, timeline,

& facts. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/event/Cold-War

• The End of World War II 1945 | The National WWII Museum | New Orleans. (2001, 7 mayo). The National WWII

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%20in%20Karlshorst%2C%20Berlin.

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https://www.eisenhowerlibrary.gov/research/online-documents/world-war-ii-d-day-invasion-normandy

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