DELAYED SURFACE

MARKER BUOY
(DSMB) DIVER

INSTRUCTOR GUIDE
INSTRUCTOR GUIDE

Delayed Surface Marker Buoy (DSMB) Diver Specialty Course

Instructor Guide

© PADI 2016

Items in the Appendix may be reproduced by PADI® Members for use in PADI-
sanctioned training, but not for resale or personal gain. No other part of this product
may be reproduced, sold or distributed in any form without the written permission of
the publisher.

Published by PADI
30151 Tomas
Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688-2125 USA

Product No. 70246 (Rev. 09/16) Version 1.0

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Table Of Contents
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________

Introduction
How to Use this Guide 5
Course Philosophy and Goals 5
Course Flow Options 6

Section One
Course Standards 7
Standards at a Glance 7
Instructor Prerequisites 8
Certified Assistant Requirements 8
Student Diver Prerequisites 8
Supervision and Ratios 8
Sequencing 8
Site, Depths and Hours 9
Materials and Equipment 9
Assessment Standards 10
Certification Requirements and Procedures 10
Links to Other Courses 10

Section Two Knowledge Development

Conduct 11
I. Introduction 11
II. Reasons to Dive With a DSMB 12
III. Features and Styles of DSMBs and Reels 13
IV. Preparing a DSMB for Use 15
V. Deploying a DSMB 16
VI. Risks and Hazards of DSMB Use 18

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Section Three DSMB Training Dives

Conduct 19
Dives, Times, Depths and Gases 19
General Considerations 19
Sequencing Training Dives 20
DSMB Dive One 20
DSMB Dive Two 23

Appendix
DSMB Diver Knowledge Review 28
DSMB Diver Knowledge Review Answer Key 30
DSMB Diver – PADI Specialty Training Record 32
DSMB Diver – PADI Adventure Dive Training Record 33

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INTRODUCTION
This section includes suggestions on how to use this guide, an overview of course
philosophy and goals, a flow chart to show you how course components and materials
work together, and describes ways you can organize and integrate student diver learning.

How to Use this Guide

This guide speaks to you, the PADI Delayed Surface Marker Buoy (DSMB) Diver Specialty
Instructor. The guide contains three sections: the first contains standards specific to this
course, the second contains knowledge development, and the third details the open
water dives. All required standards, learning objectives, activities and performance
requirements specific to the PADI DSMB Diver course appear in boldface print.
The boldface assists you in easily identifying those requirements that you must adhere to
when you conduct the course. Items not in boldface print are recommendations for your
information and consideration. General course standards applicable to all PADI courses are
located in the General Standards and Procedures section of your PADI Instructor Manual.

Course Philosophy and Goals

The purpose of the PADI DSMB Diver Specialty course is to familiarize divers with the skills,
knowledge, planning, equipment, organization, procedures, techniques, problems, hazards
and excitement of diving with a DSMB. The DSMB Diver Specialty course is intended and
designed to be a supervised introduction to diving with a DSMB. Training should emphasize
fun and safety.

Course goals are to:

• Explain the planning, organization, procedures, techniques, problems and hazards of
using a DSMB or a surface marker buoy (SMB) while diving.
• Train student divers in the use of a DSMB and associated equipment.
• Guide student divers in using the proper techniques and protocols for using DSMBs
and SMBs in the local area.

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Course Flow Options

Conduct instructor-led presentations to develop diver knowledge prior to the practical
application and the training dives. Student divers must complete the knowledge
development prior to the open water dives. When reasonably possible, it's
preferable to have student divers complete and review the Knowledge Review before
participating in the open water dives. There are two open water dives. You may
rearrange skill sequence within each dive, however the sequence of dives must stay intact.
You may add more dives as necessary to meet student divers’ needs. Organize the course
to accommodate student diver learning style, logistical needs and sequencing preferences.
Incorporate environmentally friendly techniques throughout each dive.

Instructor-Led Presentation

Knowledge Development

• DSMB Dive 1
• DSMB Dive 2

Open Water Dives

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Section One
Course Standards
This section includes the course standards, recommendations and suggestions for
conducting the PADI DSMB Diver Specialty course.

Standards at a Glance
Topic Course Standard
Minimum PADI DSMB Diver Specialty Instructor
Instructor Rating
Prerequisites PADI Open Water Diver
Minimum Age 12 years
Ratios Open Water – 8:1
Site, Depths and Site: Any site where DSMBs can be deployed safely
Hours Depth: Recommended depth: 9-12 metres/30-40 feet
Minimum Open Water Dives: 2
Hours Recommended: 12
Materials and Instructor: Student Diver:
Equipment • PADI DSMB Diver Course • Standard dive
Instructor Guide equipment
• Examples of various SMBs, • DSMB
DSMBs and reels • Appropriate reel
• Extra weight • Knife/cutting
tool (except where
prohibited locally)

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Instructor Prerequisites
To qualify to teach the PADI DSMB Diver Specialty course, an individual must be a
Teaching status PADI Open Water Scuba Instructor or higher. PADI Instructors may
apply for the DSMB Diver Specialty Instructor rating after completing a Specialty
Instructor Training course with a PADI Course Director, or by providing proof of
DSMB Diver certification, or by showing evidence of having used DSMBs in open
water and applying directly to a PADI Regional Headquarters. For further detail,
reference Professional Ratings in the General Standards and Procedures section of your
PADI Instructor Manual.

Certified Assistant Requirements

To qualify as a certified assistant for the DSMB Diver Specialty course, an individual
must be an active PADI Divemaster or higher and PADI DSMB Diver (or qualifying
certification or by showing evidence of having used DSMBs in open water).

Student Diver Prerequisites

By the start of the course, a diver must be:
1. Certified as a PADI (Junior) Open Water Diver. Verify student diver prerequisite
skills and provide remediation as necessary.
2. At least 12 years old.

Supervision and Ratios

A Teaching Status PADI DSMB Diver Specialty Instructor must be present and in
control of all activities. The maximum student diver to instructor ratio is 8:1.
The DSMB Diver Specialty Instructor must ensure that all performance
requirements are met.

Sequencing
1. Knowledge Development must be completed before the open water dives.
2. Training dives must be conducted in order. You may rearrange skill sequences within
a dive.

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Site, Depths and Hours

Site
Choose sites with conditions and environments suitable for completing requirements.
Ideally, select sites familiar to student divers. Be cautious of using sites where it may be
difficult or hazardous to deploy DSMBs (e.g. kelp forests, high levels of boat traffic).
Incorporate environmentally friendly techniques throughout each dive. Practice skills in
confined water sessions first to better prepare divers to apply skills in open water later.

Depths
Recommended depth is 9-12 metres/30-40 feet.

Hours
The PADI DSMB Diver Specialty course includes two required open water dives,
which may be conducted in one day at the discretion of both the student diver and
instructor. The recommended number of hours is 12.

Materials and Equipment

Instructor
• PADI DSMB Diver Specialty Course Instructor Guide
• Examples of various SMBs, DSMBs and reels
• Knife or cutting tool (except where locally prohibited)
• Extra weight

Student Diver
• Standard equipment as listed in General Standards and Procedures
• DSMB and reel (at least one set per buddy team – divers can take turns using it)
• Knife or cutting tool (except where locally prohibited)

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Assessment Standards
To assess knowledge, have divers complete the DSMB Diver Knowledge Review
(located in the Appendix of this guide) and review missed questions until they
demonstrate accurate and adequate knowledge. During open water dives, divers
must perform all skills – procedures and motor skills – in a reasonably comfortable,
fluid, repeatable manner as would be expected of a diver at this certification level.

Certification Requirements and Procedures

To qualify for certification, student divers must have met all performance
requirements by completion of the course. The instructor certifying the student
diver must ensure that all certification requirements have been met.

Links to Other Courses

The DSMB Diver Adventure Dive conducted during the PADI Advanced Open Water Diver
course may count as the first dive of this specialty at your discretion. Similarly, divers who
successfully complete DSMB Open Water Dive One and Knowledge Review may receive
credit as an Adventure Dive toward the PADI Adventure Diver and the PADI Advanced Open
Water Diver certifications. They may also credit the specialty certification toward the PADI
Master Scuba Diver rating.

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Section Two
Knowledge Development
Conduct
Divers complete the knowledge development for the PADI DSMB Diver Specialty
course through your formal or informal presentations based upon the following course
presentation outlines. These presentations are the primary knowledge development
method for this course.

Divers enrolled in the PADI DSMB Diver Specialty course should already be comfortable
diving in the type of sites you select for this course. They can therefore concentrate
on the new skills contained in this course. The PADI DSMB Diver Specialty course
prepares divers to develop and practice those skills under your direction. Completing
the Knowledge Review and demonstrating motor skill mastery during training dives,
combined with asking divers questions and other verbal interactions, allows you to
assess knowledge development mastery.

I. Introduction
Note to Instructor
Have student divers and staff introduce and provide a bit of background about themselves.

A. Course Goals
1. To understand the value of having and using DSMBs or SMBs.
2. To introduce the potential risks, risk management techniques and the need for
proper training when using DSMBs or SMBs.
3. To know the local protocols/requirements and demonstrate proper technique for
using DSMBs.

B. Course Overview and Schedule

Note to Instructor
Discuss the course sequence, assignments, meeting times, places and other information about all class
sessions, practical application sessions and training dives. Build excitement about the course, particularly
the training dives.

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C. Costs, Equipment Requirements and Paperwork

Note to Instructor
Explain all costs, equipment requirements and logistical details as necessary. Reconfirm prerequisites if
appropriate, ensure all paperwork is completed – see Section One, and Paperwork and Administrative
Procedures, General Standards, PADI Instructor Manual. Collect outstanding fees.

D. Performance Requirements and Certification

1. To qualify for any PADI certification, you must meet specific performance
requirements.
a. You pay for the course, but must earn the certification.
b. This requirement exists because your ability to dive safely depends upon your
ability to master and apply what you learn in this course.
c. Performance-based learning is objective – a student either meets a requirement
or does not; your instructor is not arbitrary in assessing performance.
2. Although you must meet all performance requirements, having difficulty does not
mean you will be unsuccessful.
a. You take a course to learn – making mistakes and needing time to master
knowledge and skill is part of learning.
b. You may pick up some things quickly and others slowly; what matters is that
you demonstrate mastery – not how long it takes.
c. You move on at the pace you learn – you may need extra dives or other practice.

II. Reasons to Dive With a DSMB

Learning Objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to answer these questions:
1. What is the difference between an SMB and a DSMB?
2. When would a diver use an SMB or DSMB?

1. What is the difference between an SMB and a DSMB?

A. There are key differences between an SMB and a DSMB, and how you use them.
1. A surface marker buoy (SMB) is deployed at the surface.
a. In some cases, the buoy is inflated before the dive and remains inflated and at
the surface for the entire dive. The buoy may even be permanently inflated.
b. SMBs often incorporate a dive flag and may have storage compartments to
keep smaller useful items at the surface.
c. During drift dives, the diver usually has a reel attached to the SMB, and the
diver will deploy the appropriate amount of line according to the depth.
d. Sometimes, divers deploy a rolled up or folded buoy after they reach the
surface to make it easier to be spotted. You may have had the chance to try
this during your PADI Open Water Diver course.

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2. A delayed surface marker buoy (DSMB) is usually deployed during a dive

while underwater.
a. The diver carries the reel and the deflated-and-rolled up/folded DSMB at the
start of the dive, and at some point (usually at the end of the dive) inflates
the DSMB while underwater and allows it to ascend to the surface while
letting the reel roll out the line.
b. The buddy team then usually ascends up the line, reeling it in as they go up,
and may complete their safety stop using the line as a reference.
2. When would a diver use an SMB or DSMB?
B. Knowing how and when to use your SMB or DSMB is important.
1. Marker buoys serve a range of purposes including:
a. Allowing people on shore/boat to identify the location of an ascending diver.
b. Alerting boat traffic to the presence of a diver.
c. Providing a visual reference for ascending divers.
d. Marking boundaries for mapping or search and recovery.
2. An SMB is useful if divers want to let surface traffic or their dive boat know
where they are at all times.
a. Towing a buoy may cause a degree of drag on the diver, however, and
means the diver will have to be careful of passing under features such as
arches, overhanging structures or kelp forests.
3. A DSMB allows divers much more freedom to move around during the main
part of the dive, as it needs to be deployed only when the divers want to mark
their position or an object’s location.
a. The divers can choose to tow the DSMB while it is at the surface for some or
all of the dive, so that it can be used in the same way as an SMB if necessary.
b. This course will focus on the use of DSMBs.

III. Features and Styles of DSMBs and Reels

Learning Objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to answer these questions:
1. What are three types of DSMBs?
2. What are the common features of a reel or spool?

1. What are three types of DSMBs?

A. You have three primary options when choosing a DSMB.
1. Common styles of DSMB include:
a. Open-ended at base
b. With a self-sealing valve arrangement at the base
c. With a built-in mini inflation cylinder

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2. Note that if the DSMB is designed to be a closed container when deployed,

it must have an automatic pressure-relief valve fitted to release expanding gas
during its ascent.
3. DSMBs are frequently tube (or sausage) shaped but sometimes are simply small
lifting bags.
a. It is good practice to prominently write your name on your DSMB so any
surface cover can identify them.
Note to Instructor
Have students mark their names on their personal DSMBs.

4. The color of a DSMB may have specific meanings in your local area. For
example, in many parts of Europe, an orange, red or pink DSMB is considered
standard, while a yellow DSMB is reserved as an emergency signal.
Note to Instructor
Describe the color differences in the local area, as appropriate.

5. Some DSMBs may have pockets for inserting light sticks or have
radar-reflective panels.
6. DSMBs are often large enough to physically support a diver in the water
during a safety stop and should be large enough to be visible to boats.
2. What are the common features of a reel or spool?
B. Reels and spools are important accessories to pair with a DSMB.
1. Common styles of reels and spools include:
a. Finger spool
b. Lockable or ratchet reel
2. Spools are very simple and consist of:
a. Spool
b. Line
c. Clip for attaching to diver when not in use. (The clip is sometimes used to
reel the line in or as a handle.)
3. Reels are used to maintain contact with the DSMB. They can be used to roll line
out, or recover line as you ascend.
4. Lockable or ratchet reels typically have the following components:
a. Handle
b. Spool
c. Line
d. Clip or loop for attaching DSMB
e. Clip to attach to diver while not in use
f. Locking pin or ratchet system

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5. Reels come in different styles.

a. Some can be locked either fully open, allowing line to roll out continuously,
or locked shut.
b. Others have a ratchet, allowing the line to be let out using a trigger system
that can easily be stopped or started.
6. Reels are often used for other tasks including mapping projects, search-
and-recovery operations, wreck or cave penetrations, and are widely used in
technical diving.
Note to Instructor
Promote additional training – PADI Search and Recovery Diver, Wreck Diver and Cavern Diver specialty
courses, and TecRec courses.

IV. Preparing a DSMB for Use

Learning Objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to answer these questions:
1. What are five predive steps for preparing a DSMB and reel for use?
2. What should you discuss with your buddy prior to a dive when you plan to use a DSMB?

1. What are five predive steps for preparing a DSMB and reel for use?
A. Before diving with a DSMB and reel, there are five steps to get you prepared.
1. Start by checking that the reel is correctly rolled and is not likely to get stuck when
used. Unwind and rewind the reel prior to the dive if you want to be certain.
2. Check the buoy for holes, frayed/worn straps and proper valve operation to be
sure it's in good working order.
3. Check clips for proper operation.
4. Ensure that the line is locked and will not unroll when not being used to avoid
an entanglement hazard.
5. Plan where to attach/secure/keep the reel when not in use. Possible locations to
stow the DSMB when not in use:
a. BCD pocket
b. Exposure suit pocket
c. Other pocket
d. Backplate pouch
e. Bungeed to backplate/cylinder
f. Clipped with reel/spool

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2. What should you discuss with your buddy prior to a dive when you plan to
use a DSMB?
B. It's important to communicate with your buddy before a dive with a DSMB.
1. Prior to the dive, discuss with your buddy (and boat skipper if applicable) when
and how you intend to use the DSMB.

V. Deploying a DSMB
Learning Objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to answer these questions:
1. How should you prepare to deploy a DSMB?
2. What methods can you use to inflate the DSMB, and how do you perform them?
3. How can you reduce the risk of the line tangling as the DSMB ascends?
4. What should you look out for before launching a DSMB from depth?

1. How should you prepare to deploy a DSMB?

A. Consider these four steps before deploying a DSMB.
1. Delayed surface marker buoys are launched from depth when you and your
buddy have reached a predetermined depth or point during your dive.
2. Prepare your DSMB by attaching the reel/spool to the DSMB.
3. Either hold the reel, attach it to a nonsensitive part of the bottom, or hold on
to a nonsensitive part of the bottom (to steady) yourself while deploying it.
4. Never clip an inflated DSMB or the reel to yourself because this risks
a runaway ascent.
2. What methods can you use to inflate the DSMB, and how do you perform them?
B. There are several methods you can use to inflate your DSMB. Which method
you use depends on the environment, local protocol and the type of DSMB you
are using.
1. Use these techniques in temperate or warm-water environments where purging
a second stage is less likely to result in regulator freeflow.
a. Use the purge button on your alternate air source.
b Use the purge button on the second stage fed from a separate regulator and
air source, such as a small dedicated cylinder.
2. Though these options can be used anywhere, these techniques are commonly
used in cold-water environments where purging a second stage can lead to
regulator freeze up and freeflow:
a. Use an accessory inflator fed from your regulator, which you can disconnect
if it freezes.

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b. Use an accessory inflator fed from a separate regulator and air sources,
such as a small dedicated cylinder.
c. Tip your head and hold the DSMB so your exhaled breath exhausts
from your regulator directly into the DSMB.
d. Hold your BCD deflator so that it vents directly into your DSMB as you
release air. This technique reduces buoyancy issues because as you
become less buoyant, your DSMB becomes more buoyant so your
overall buoyancy remains constant. After releasing the DSMB, add gas
to your BCD to restore neutral buoyancy. This technique can reduce
the likelihood of runaway ascents due to gaining too much buoyancy
inflating a DSMB.
e. Use a DSMB with a built-in gas source (see below).
3. When using orally inflated DSMBs, try this technique.
a. Blow into the DSMB inflator tube – take a breath, remove but retain
control of your second stage, blow into device and then return to your
second stage.
4. When using a DSMB with a low-pressure inflator mechanism, try this.
a. Some models of DSMBs have a low-pressure inflator hose port that
allows the diver to connect a low-pressure inflator hose like one used to
inflate your BCD and/or dry suit. These connections don't lock, so you
can ensure the diver can immediately release the DSMB if it becomes
tangled or too buoyant.
b. A few models of DSMBs have small, built-in gas cylinders that allow
you to inflate the DSMB without using any other gas source. See the
manufacturer guidelines for use.
Your instructor will show you locally used technique(s) as appropriate for the
DSMB(s) you use. Regardless of inflation method, be cautious to avoid runaway
ascents with a positively buoyant DSMB, and to avoid entanglement with
the line.

3. How can you reduce the risk of the line tangling as the DSMB ascends?
C. Reduce the risk of becoming tangled in the reel line.
1. As the buoy ascends, maintain light drag on the reel and/or tension on the
line to keep it taut and reduce the risk of tangling. This is also important for
open-bottomed DSMBs to keep them upright so they don’t spill and sink.
2. Once the DSMB is on the surface, keep the line fairly taut – this will cause
the DSMB to “stand up” on the surface and increase its visibility.

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4. What should you look out for before launching a DSMB from depth?
D. You don't want to "blindly" launch your DSMB.
1. When launching a DSMB, watch out for objects or divers above you.
a. These could include boats or parts of a wreck.
b. Always look up and check that there are no obvious risks.

VI. Risks and Hazards of DSMB Use

Learning Objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to answer these questions:
1. What are four potential hazards when using a DSMB?
2. How can you reduce the risk of these four potential hazards while diving with a DSMB?

1. What are four potential hazards when using a DSMB?

A. There are four potential hazards you should consider when using a DSMB.
1. Entanglement in slack line while underwater.
2. Equipment getting entangled or displaced during deployment.
3. Freeflowing regulator caused by purging of alternate air source to inflate
a DSMB.
4. Being caught in the line, resulting in a rapid or uncontrolled ascent.

2. How can you reduce the risk of these four potential hazards while diving
with a DSMB?
B. Consider these ways to reduce risk while diving with a DSMB.
1. Never attach the reel to yourself while the DSMB is being launched or on
the surface.
2. Always keep clear of the line, and ensure that other divers are clear of the line
as well.
3. Avoid slack line at all times, especially while ascending or while reeling it in.
4. To avoid regulator freeze in cold water, use an accessory inflator from an
independent gas source, use exhaled bubbles from your regulator exhaust,
or use DSMBs that have low-pressure inflator hose attachments or are orally
inflated to inflate the DSMB underwater.
5. Carry a cutting tool to cut the line in the event of entanglement.
6. Adjust buoyancy throughout deployment and ascent to maintain control.
7. If in doubt, release the reel and ascend without it.

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Section Three
DSMB Open Water Dives
Conduct
The PADI DSMB Diver Specialty course has two required open water training dives. You
also have the option of adding a confined water dive to practice the skills before diving in
open water.
You may add training dives for additional experience as needed for student divers to
demonstrate mastery. However, student divers must demonstrate mastery of all performance
objectives for the first training dive prior to progressing to the second dive.
Prior to certification, student divers must demonstrate mastery of all performance
objectives.

Dives, Times, Depths and Gases

1. The minimum number of dives for certification as a PADI DSMB Diver is
two open water dives.
2. All dives must be planned as no stop (no decompression) dives.
3. Recommended depth is 9-12 metres/30-40 feet.

General Considerations
1. Use good judgment in choosing dive sites that are appropriate and conducive
to meeting dive requirements. Avoid sites where DSMBs are more likely to
become entangled.
2. Involve student divers in all dive planning activities.
3. Have students unwind and rewind sufficient line on the surface from their reels at
least once to check that the lines will run freely underwater.
4. Always conduct a thorough dive briefing to help divers visualize the dive and
anticipate any problems that might occur. Remind them of check-in and check-out
procedures, and review emergency procedures.
5. Each diver must use a DSMB on both dives. It is acceptable to have one DSMB
and reel per team and for divers to take turns deploying it. In this case, it will usually
be necessary for the buddies to accompany the diver doing the skill while they
ascend, deflate the DSMB and re-descend.

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Sequencing Training Dives

1. Knowledge development must be completed before the open water dives.
2. Training dives must be conducted in order. You may rearrange skill sequences
within a dive.

DSMB Dive One

Performance Objectives
By the end of DSMB Dive One, you will be able to, with a buddy:
1. Prepare, stow and adjust DSMB and reel that will be used on the dive.
2. Complete a predive safety check.
3. Demonstrate an entry appropriate for the local environment.
4. Perform a buoyancy check and adjust for proper weighting.
5. Establish neutral buoyancy and dive according to the plan.
6. Deploy a DSMB from a stationary position.
7. Swim underwater while towing a DSMB on the surface for at least 10 minutes,
adjusting the line by reeling it in and out as required.
8. Ascend at a maximum rate of 18 metres/60 feet per minute or according
to dive computer limits.
9. Ascend as a buddy team while using a DSMB line as a visual or tactile reference.
10. Perform a safety stop.
11. Deflate and recover a DSMB at the surface.
12. Demonstrate an exit appropriate for the environment.

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I. DSMB Dive One Standards

A. Environment: Open water
B. Depth Range: Recommended depth 9-12 metres/30-40 feet

II. Suggested Sequence

A. Predive planning and equipment setup
1. Plan the dive with student divers.
a. Provide an overview of what the divers will be doing and the dive time required
for planning purposes.
b. It’s recommended that you provide skill descriptions and details as close to the
dive as possible, unless surface conditions make this unfavorable. Describe each
skill, the performance requirements and how you’ll conduct it, including signals.
c. Conduct a dry run of reel and DSMB use at the surface as appropriate. Be certain
the students can describe the deployment and inflation techniques they will use.
2. Give a dive site overview for diver comfort and planning purposes.
a. Discuss depth, temperature, entry/exit techniques, noteworthy features.
b. Point out any obstacles that might be an entanglement hazard for DSMB lines.
c. Explain facilities and where to find emergency equipment, etc.
3. Assist with any problems found during the predive planning and setup.
4. Agree on depth and time limits, emergency signals, etc.
5. Have student divers assemble their equipment and be ready to enter the water.
Assist them as required to stow DSMB and reels.
6. Remind divers of the skills and sequence and that they should release the reel if it
jams when DSMB is launched.
B. DSMB Dive One
1. Predive check
a. Buddies conduct a predive check.
b. Watch for and correct errors as appropriate.
2. Entry
a. Divers enter the water using a method appropriate for the environment.
3. Buoyancy check and proper weighting
a. Divers check their buoyancy and adjust their weight as necessary.
4. Post entry check
a. Divers should check that their reels and DSMBs are still in reach and secure
following the entry.

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5. Gas management
a. Before beginning the descent, remind divers to check their starting pressure and
make a note of their turn pressure.
b. During the dive, check cylinder pressures at varied intervals to confirm
appropriate gas management.
6. Descent
a. Buddies execute a five-point descent.
7. Locate SPGs and signal pressures.
a. Divers should frequently monitor their SPGs and signal when they reach the
agreed reserve gas pressure.
8. At some point during dive, have each diver:
a. Deploy a DSMB from the bottom or a stationary position in water too deep
in which to stand using an appropriate inflation method. (Diver may keep
contact with a stationary object at instructor’s discretion and if environmental
considerations permit.)
b. Swim underwater for at least 10 minutes towing the DSMB while maintaining
neutral buoyancy and adjusting line tension as needed.
c. Ascend with buddy using DSMB line as a visual or tactile reference at a rate of
18 metres/60 feet a minute or according to dive computer limits.
d. Carry out a three-minute safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet using DSMB line as a
visual or tactile reference.
e. At the surface, deflate and stow the DSMB and reel.
9. Exit
a. Divers establish positive buoyancy at the surface.
b. Divers exit the water using a method appropriate for the environment, with
assistance as necessary.
C. Post Dive
1. Divers stow dive equipment and empty any water from DSMBs.
2. Debriefing – Have student divers critique themselves on their performance. Add
your observations as appropriate.
3. Divers log the dive for the instructor’s signature.

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 DSMB Diver

DSMB Dive Two

Performance Objectives
By the end of DSMB Dive Two, you will be able to, with a buddy:
1. Prepare, stow and adjust DSMB and reel that will be used on the dive.
2. Complete a predive safety check.
3. Demonstrate an entry appropriate for the local environment.
4. Perform a buoyancy check and adjust for proper weighting.
5. Establish neutral buoyancy and dive according to the plan.
6. Deploy a DSMB while maintaining position in midwater.
7. Ascend at a maximum rate of 18 metres/60 feet per minute or according to dive
computer limits.
8. Ascend as a buddy team while using a DSMB line as a visual or tactile reference.
9. Perform a safety stop.
10. Deflate and recover a DSMB at the surface.
11. Demonstrate an exit appropriate for the environment.

I. DSMB Dive Two Standards

A. Environment: Open water
B. Depth Range: Recommended depth 9-12 metres/30-40 feet

II. Suggested Sequence

A. Predive planning and equipment setup
1. Plan the dive with student divers.
a. Provide an overview of what the divers will be doing and the dive time required
for planning purposes.
b. It’s recommended that you provide skill descriptions and details as close to the
dive as possible, unless surface conditions make this unfavorable. Describe each
skill, the performance requirements and how you’ll conduct it, including signals.
c. Conduct a dry run of reel and DSMB use at the surface as appropriate.
Be certain the students can describe the deployment and inflation techniques
they will use.

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INSTRUCTOR GUIDE

2. Give a dive site overview for diver comfort and planning purposes.
a. Discuss depth, temperature, entry/exit techniques, noteworthy features.
b. Point out obstacles that might be an entanglement hazard for DSMB lines.
c. Explain facilities and where to find emergency equipment, etc.
3. Assist with any problems found during the predive planning and setup.
4. Agree on depth and time limits, emergency signals, etc.
5. Have student divers assemble their equipment and be ready to enter the water.
Assist them as required to stow DSMB and reels.
6. Remind divers of the skills and sequence, and that they should release the reel if it
jams when the DSMB is launched.
B. DSMB Dive Two
1. Predive check
a. Buddies conduct a predive check.
b. Watch for and correct errors as appropriate.
2. Entry
a. Divers enter the water using a method appropriate for the environment.
3. Buoyancy check and proper weighting
a. Divers check their buoyancy and adjust their weight as necessary.
4. Post entry check
a. Divers should check that their reels and DSMBs are still in reach and secure
following the entry.
5. Gas management
a. Before beginning the descent, remind divers to check their starting pressure and
make a note of their turn pressure.
b. During the dive, check cylinder pressures at varied intervals to confirm
appropriate gas management.
6. Descent
a. Buddies execute a five-point descent.
7. Locate SPGs and signal pressures.
a. Divers should frequently monitor their SPGs and signal when they reach the
agreed reserve gas pressure.
8. At some point during dive, have each diver:
a. Deploy a DSMB from midwater while hovering using an appropriate inflation
method. (Recommended depth: 9-12 metres/30-40 feet.)
b. Execute a controlled ascent from midwater position reeling in the DSMB line to
keep proper tension as needed.

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 DSMB Diver

c. Ascend with buddy using DSMB line as a visual or tactile reference at a rate of
18 metres/60 feet a minute or according to dive computer limits.
d. Carry out a three-minute safety stop at 5 metres/15 feet using the DSMB line as
a visual or tactile reference.
e. At the surface, deflate and stow the DSMB and reel.
9. Exit
a. Divers establish positive buoyancy at the surface.
b. Divers exit the water using a method appropriate for the environment, with
assistance as necessary.
C. Post Dive
1. Divers stow dive equipment and empty any water from DSMBs.
2. Debriefing – Have student divers critique themselves on their performance.
Add your observations as appropriate.
3. Divers log the dive for the instructor’s signature.

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INSTRUCTOR GUIDE

26 Specialty Course Instructor Guide

 DSMB Diver

Appendix

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INSTRUCTOR GUIDE

Delayed Surface Marker Buoy (DSMB) Diver

Knowledge Review
Complete this knowledge review to hand in to your instructor for review. If there’s something you
don’t understand, have your instructor explain it to you. If you still don't understand, have your
instructor explain it to you.

1. An SMB is deployed at the _______ and a DSMB is usually deployed during a dive from
_____________.

2. Common styles of DSMBs include (choose all that apply):

¨ a. an inflatable tube or bag that is open-ended at the base.
¨ b. buoys or balls used to mark moorings.
¨ c. an inflatable tube with a self-sealing valve arrangement at the base.
¨ d. an inflatable tube or bag with a built-in mini inflation cylinder.

3. What components do lockable or ratchet reels typically have? (Choose all that apply.)
¨ a. Locking pin or ratchet system
¨ b. Handle
¨ c. Clip to attach to diver while not in use
¨ d. Spool
¨ e. Pocket
¨ f. Line
¨ g. Clip or loop for attaching DSMB

4. To prepare a DSMB before a dive, I should check the reel and clips, make sure the line
is locked and inspect the buoy by checking for holes, frayed/worn straps and proper
valve operation.
¨ a. True
¨ b. False

5. Depending on the DSMB model and local environmental requirements, I can inflate a DSMB
by (choose all that apply):
¨ a. using my alternate air source.
¨ b. using an accessory inflator.
¨ c. using my exhaled bubbles.
¨ d. using air that I release from my BCD through the deflator.
¨ e. having a separate air source, such as a small dedicated cylinder.

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 DSMB Diver

6. What potential hazards exist while diving with a DSMB? (Choose all that apply.)
¨ a. Buddy separation
¨ b. Entanglement in slack line
¨ c. Freeflowing alternate air source
¨ d. Uncontrolled ascent if caught in line

7. I should clip my reel to my BCD before inflating the DSMB.

¨ a. True
¨ b. False

8. When I have inflated a DSMB, I should avoid ______ line to reduce the risk
of entanglement.

9. What should I look for before deploying a DSMB from depth?

¨ a. Grab on to the bottom
¨ b. Look for objects or divers above
¨ c. Unclip the DSMB from the reel
¨ d. Find the dive boat

10. I’ve inflated my DSMB, but my reel jams as it starts its ascent. What should I do?
¨ a. Release the reel and ascend without it.
¨ b. Immediately cut the line.
¨ c. Pull the DSMB down and dump air.
¨ d. Stop and work to unjam it.

Student Diver Statement:

I’ve reviewed the questions and answers, and any I answered incorrectly or incompletely I have had
explained to me and/or reviewed the material, so that I now understand what I missed.

Diver Name ________________________________________________________________________

Signature _____________________________________________ Date _______________________

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INSTRUCTOR GUIDE

Delayed Surface Marker Buoy (DSMB) Diver

Knowledge Review Answer Key

Note to Instructor
To assess knowledge, review the Knowledge Review that was given to the student at the start of the course.
(Preferably do this prior to participating in inwater skills practice.) Prescriptively teach answers to questions
student divers may have missed, or have answered incorrectly or incompletely. Ensure student divers
understand what they have missed.

Complete this knowledge review to hand in to your instructor for review. If there’s something you
don’t understand, have your instructor explain it to you.

1. An SMB is deployed at the surface and a DSMB is usually deployed during a dive from
underwater.

2. Common styles of DSMBs include (choose all that apply):

n a. an inflatable tube or bag that is open-ended at the base.
¨ b. buoys or balls used to mark moorings.
n c. an inflatable tube with a self-sealing valve arrangement at the base.
n d. an inflatable tube or bag with a built-in mini inflation cylinder.

3. What components do lockable or ratchet reels typically have? (Choose all that apply.)
n a. Locking pin or ratchet system
n b. Handle
n c. Clip to attach to diver while not in use
n d. Spool
¨ e. Pocket
n f. Line
n g. Clip or loop for attaching DSMB

4. To prepare a DSMB before a dive, I should check the reel and clips, make sure the line
is locked and inspect the buoy by checking for holes, frayed/worn straps and proper
valve operation.
n a. True
¨ b. False

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 DSMB Diver

5. Depending on the DSMB model and local environmental requirements, I can inflate a DSMB
by (choose all that apply):
n a. using my alternate air source.
n b. using an accessory inflator.
n c. using my exhaled bubbles.
n d. using air that I release from my BCD through the deflator.
n e. having a separate air source, such as a small dedicated cylinder.

6. What potential hazards exist while diving with a DSMB? (Choose all that apply.)
¨ a. Buddy separation
n b. Entanglement in slack line
n c. Freeflowing alternate air source
n d. Uncontrolled ascent if caught in line

7. I should clip my reel to my BCD before inflating the DSMB.

¨ a. True
n b. False

8. When I have inflated a DSMB, I should avoid slack line to reduce the risk
of entanglement.

9. What should I look for before deploying a DSMB from depth?

¨ a. Grab on to the bottom
n b. Look for objects or divers above
¨ c. Unclip the DSMB from the reel
¨ d. Find the dive boat

10. I’ve inflated my DSMB, but my reel jams as it starts its ascent. What should I do?
n a. Release the reel and ascend without it.
¨ b. Immediately cut the line.
¨ c. Pull the DSMB down and dump air.
¨ d. Stop and work to unjam it.

Student Diver Statement:

I’ve reviewed the questions and answers, and any I answered incorrectly or incompletely I have had
explained to me and/or reviewed the material, so that I now understand what I missed.

Diver Name ________________________________________________________________________

Signature _____________________________________________ Date _______________________

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INSTRUCTOR GUIDE

PADI Specialty Training Record

DSMB Diver

Instructor Statement
I verify that this student diver has satisfactorily completed all knowledge development sessions as
outlined in the PADI Delayed Surface Marker Buoy (DSMB) Diver Specialty Course Instructor Guide.
I am a renewed, Teaching status PADI Instructor in this specialty.
Instructor Name ________________________________________________ PADI #________________
Instructor Signature ___________________________________ Completion Date ________________

Open Water Dives

Dive One
I verify that this diver has satisfactorily completed Dive One as outlined in the PADI DSMB Diver
Specialty Instructor Guide, including:
• Launching a DSMB from the bottom
• Towing a DSMB underwater for at least 10 minutes
• Ascending with a DSMB and using it during a safety stop
• Recovering and stowing a DSMB at the surface
I am a renewed, Teaching status PADI Instructor in this specialty.
Instructor Name ________________________________________________ PADI #________________
Instructor Signature ___________________________________ Completion Date ________________

Dive Two
I verify that this diver has satisfactorily completed Dive Two as outlined in the PADI DSMB Diver
Specialty Instructor Guide, including:
• Launching a DSMB from midwater
• Ascending with a DSMB and using it during a safety stop
• Recovering and stowing a DSMB at the surface
I am a renewed, Teaching status PADI Instructor in this specialty.
Instructor Name ________________________________________________ PADI #________________
Instructor Signature ___________________________________ Completion Date ________________

Student Diver Statement:

I verify that I have completed all performance requirements for this DSMB Diver specialty. I am
adequately prepared to dive in areas and under conditions similar to those in which I was trained.
I agree to abide by PADI Standard Safe Diving Practices.

Student Diver Signature __________________________________________ Date: ________________

32 Specialty Course Instructor Guide

 DSMB Diver

PADI Adventure Dive Training Record

DSMB Diver

Skills Overview
• Knowledge Review • Dive as planned
• Briefing • Deploy DSMB from on/just over bottom
• Predive reel/DSMB practice • Ascent as buddy team using DSMB line
• Suiting up – proper DSMB/reel stowage as reference; safety stop

• Predive safety check (BWRAF) • Deflate, recover DSMB at surface

• Entry • Exit/debrief

• Buoyancy check/weighting (as needed) • Log dive - complete training record

Instructor Statement
I verify that this student diver has satisfactorily completed the Knowledge Review and Performance
Requirements (as described in the PADI Advanced Open Water Diver Instructor Guide) for this PADI
Adventure Dive.

I am a renewed, Teaching status PADI Instructor for the current year.

Instructor Name ________________________________________________ PADI #_________________

Instructor Signature ___________________________________ Completion Date _________________

Instructor Contact Information (Please Print)

Instructor Mailing Address ______________________________________________________________

City __________________________________________ State/Province __________________________

Country _______________________________________ Zip/Postal Code ________________________

Phone _________________________________________ Fax ___________________________________

Student Diver Statement:

I verify that I have completed all of the Performance Requirements for this Adventure Dive.
I realize that there is more to learn about delayed surface marker buoy use, and that completion
of a DSMB course is highly recommended. I also agree to abide by PADI Standard Safe
Diving Practices.

Student Diver Signature __________________________________________ Date: ________________

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INSTRUCTOR GUIDE

34 Specialty Course Instructor Guide