Scribd
Upload
19 views2 pages

Adc 2023

Uploaded by

h20230060
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views2 pages

Adc 2023

Uploaded by

h20230060
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

BITS Pilani, Hyderabad Campus

Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering


Second Semester 2022-23

Comprehensive Exam

Course: Advanced Digital Communication Course Number: EEE G622


Examination: Closed Book Max.Marks: 60
Date : 12-05-2023 Time: 2.00 PM-5.00 PM

Note: Mention any assumptions you make (should make sense) clearly in the
answer. Providing only the final answer directly without any logical
explanation will fetch zero marks.

1. Consider the scenario of transmitting digital data over a band-limited analog channel,
which cannot support frequency components greater than 5 kHz. If the input data is
modulated using the 32-QAM technique, then what is the maximum data transmission
rate in bits per second achievable for ISI-free communication? [5 Marks]

2. Find the condition under which the impulse response of a matched filter (denoted as
GR (t)) will be equal to the impulse response of the transmit filter (denoted as GT (t)).
The equality is expected to hold over any time interval of one Tb units, starting with
a time instant that is an integral multiple of Tb . [10 Marks]

3. Consider a digital communication system used for voice communication. Voice is


formatted as a bit stream, where the sampling rate for the analog to digital conversion
is 8000 samples per second and each voice sample is quantized to one of 256 levels.
What should be the minimum bandwidth of the channel for zero ISI reception of the
symbols if the following modulation schemes are used.

(a) Binary PAM


(b) 4 Ary PAM
(c) 256 Ary PAM

Assume appropriate Nyquist pulses are generated by the transmitter. [10 Marks]

4. Recall that a raised cosine spectrum pulse consumes a bandwidth of (1 + r)W , where
r is the roll-off factor, compared to W consumed by a Nyquist pulse. Now, assume
a channel that is flat and band-limited to 2000 Hz is available and assume baseband
binary PAM modulation. What value of roll off factor should be chosen for a raised
cosine pulse shaping transmit filter so that the time it would take to transmit a file of
size 20,000 bits exceeds by 5 seconds the time it takes for a Nyquist pulse transmitter
to transmit the same file, on this given channel. [10 Marks]

5. Recall from the class lectures that an equalizer is an FIR filter whose taps are to be
adjusted to invert the effect of an ISI channel. The process of carrying out this task
involves first transmitting a single normalized raised cosine pulse x(t) that satisfies
the Nyquist condition, through the channel and feeding the received sample values
yk (obtained by sampling the output of the matched filter) to the equalizer. This
is called the “Samples Receiving Phase”. The Tap Gain Adjustment block in the
equalizer will then use these received values yk to adjust the tap gain coefficients
C−N , C−N −1 , ....., C1 , C0 , C1 , ....., CN −1 , CN . This is called the “Tap Adjustment Phase”

EEE Department 1
CO

in which the Tap Gain Adjustment block runs an iterative algorithm like Gradient
Descent to obtain the tap values for channel equalization. See Fig. 1 that shows
an example filter with 5 taps. For this kind of a setup, what should be the tap
coefficient values (explain how it works) when the sample values yk are to be received
by the equalizer before the Tap Gain Adjustment block modifies them to equalize the
channel effect. [5 Marks]

Figure 1: Example Equalizer Structure with 5 Filter Taps

6. Consider a single truncated raised cosine pulse x(t) normalized to x(0) = 1 and
x(nT ) = 0, n = −2, −1, 1, 2 that is transmitted as a training pulse on a bandlim-
ited noiseless channel to design the tap coefficients of a Zero Forcing Equalizer (ZFE).
The samples at the output of the matched filter are y(−2) = 0.0, y(−1) = 0.2, y(0) =
0.9, y(1) = −0.3, y(2) = 0.1. Assume that a ZFE equalizer is designed to give the out-
put samples z(−1) = 0, z(0) = 1, z(1) = 0 when the output samples of the matched
filter are fed to it. Will this equalizer completely eliminate ISI when actual data sym-
bols are transmitted by PAM modulating (binary PAM can be assumed if required)
the truncated raised cosine pulse x(t)? Give proof or an example for your claim(s).
[10 Marks]

7. Assume that a ZFE is trained for a single normalized truncated raised cosine pulse
x(t) normalized to x(0) = 1 and x(nT ) = 0, n = −2, −1, 1, 2 on a noiseless chan-
nel. The output samples of the matched filter for the transmitted samples of the
raised cosine pulse are y(−2) = 0.0, y(−1) = 0.2, y(0) = 0.9, y(1) = −0.3, y(2) = 0.1.
Now consider the ZFE is trained to make z(−1) = 0, z(0) = 1, z(1) = 0 correspond-
ing to y(−1) = 0.2, y(0) = 0.9, y(1) = −0.3 respectively. Now, assuming that for
a PAM modulated raised cosine signal pulse ak x(t) (where ak is the symbol to be
communicated) transmitted by the transmit filter, the output of the matched fil-
ter is ak y(t), find the output of the ZFE for the 2nd symbol a2 when four symbols
a1 = 1, a2 = 1, a3 = 1, a4 = 1 are transmitted by the transmitter. [10 Marks]

EEE Department 2

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy