Concept of Artificial Intelligence and its

Impact on invention

Somveer

4th Year CSE

Computer Science Department

Arya Institute of Engineering Technology

and Management

E-mail: veerbaberwal1583@gmail.com

Computer Science Department

Arya Institute of Engineering Technology

And Management
Concept of artificial intelligence and its Impact on invention
Abstract--Whilst there is plenty of new hype around artificial intelligence (AI) as we move into the third decade
of the 21st century, the history books would tell you that it has been around for several years. It is best to start
with a brief history of AI before digging deeper into the current principles.

Application of machine learning came into existence for the first time during Second World War when a
Computer Scientist named Alan Turning tried to crack a piece of called known as the ‘Enigma code’ which was
Keywords – Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Deep Learning.

INTRODUCTION

Whilst the term ‘artificial intelligence’ wasn’t coined until 1956, Turing prompted an accelerated amount of
research into computer science with a vision on transforming the world. Despite some early promise such as the
first neurocomputer built by Marvin Minsky (known as Ferranti Mark 1) and exploration in robotics like the
Animated robot from GM, research of artificial intelligence (AI) in 1970sheaded into an “AI Winter.”

Scientists found it hard to create intelligence without more data and computing power. In turn, this led to a
slump in funding and investment across all areas of AI. It wasn’t until the dawn of the new Millennium that
there was a real upturn as improvements in computer hardware meant companies had more data leading to
opportunities for generating machine learning propositions.

As the Big 4 (Google, Apple, Facebook and Amazon) started to get heavily involved in AI technology,
investment grew exponentially from the start of autonomous cars in 2005, IBM Watson in 2006 (a famous case
where it defeated a Jeopardy champion), Netflix streaming and Google Street view in 2010 and Alexa in 2015.

We now have countless other applications founded on evolving technologies like augmented reality (AR),
virtual reality (VR), computer vision, natural language processing (NLP) and others. Terms like machine
learning and deep learning have become synonymous with the field but there tends to be clouds as to exactly
what they mean.

The state of AI has changed drastically in the last ten years, and it is important to separate the buzz from reality.
In this paper, we will clarify what AI is and the applications of machine learning and deep learning that fall
within its realm. We will finish by reviewing the impact AI is having on modern day society and what the future
might look at.

Certainly! Let's break down the provided passage into more detailed paragraphs while maintaining the same
meaning and organization by topic.

Introduction to AI

Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands as a multidisciplinary field within computer science focused on creating
systems that mimic human intelligence. Its scope has expanded over the past decade, encompassing various
computerized or automated functions. However, what distinguishes AI from traditional software is its capacity
to make informed decisions based on data patterns.

Types of AI:

Artificial Narrow Intelligence (ANI), commonly known as machine learning, represents the current state of AI.
ANI systems excel in specific tasks like product recommendations and weather forecasting. While ANI closely
replicates human tasks, it remains the prevalent form of monetized AI.

Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) is the subsequent advancement beyond ANI, aspiring to achieve human-
level cognitive function. However, realizing AGI requires integrating thousands of ANI systems to emulate
human behavior effectively, though current technology falls short of this goal.

Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) represents a theoretical pinnacle where AI surpasses human intelligence. ASI
would exhibit creativity, rational decision-making, and even moral discernment. While transitioning from AGI
to ASI is viewed as a logical progression, it remains within the realm of science fiction.
Machine Learning

Machine learning, a prevalent form of AI, enables systems to gain intelligence through data. Leveraging vast
volumes of generated data, machine learning algorithms learn from experience, adapting and improving their
performance over time.

Supervised Learning:

Supervised learning involves training models to classify data based on labeled examples. For instance, in
medical diagnosis, a model learns to categorize symptoms into "Has Diabetes" or "Does Not Have Diabetes"
based on historical data.

Unsupervised Learning:

Unsupervised learning involves classifying data without prior labels, allowing algorithms to identify patterns
autonomously. For instance, clustering algorithms categorize customer purchasing behaviors without predefined
classifications.

Semi-Supervised Learning:

Semi-supervised learning combines aspects of supervised and unsupervised learning. It utilizes labeled data
alongside unsupervised techniques to refine classification boundaries and identify new patterns.

Reinforcement Learning:

Reinforcement learning involves learning through trial and error, with systems receiving positive or negative
feedback based on their actions. This method is commonly applied in robotics, where machines optimize
behavior by experiencing consequences.

Deep Learning:

Deep learning, distinct from traditional machine learning, involves neural networks with multiple layers that
mimic the human brain's structure. These deep neural networks process complex data, enabling advanced
applications like image recognition and natural language processing.

Impact on Society:

Machine learning and deep learning are revolutionizing various industries and applications, including:

Customer Service:

Conversational AI, such as chatbots, personalizes customer interactions and enhances user experiences.

Data Security and Fraud Detection:

AI algorithms identify fraudulent activities and bolster cybersecurity measures.

Business Process Automation:

AI optimizes routine tasks, streamlines operations, and improves efficiency across industries.

Predictive Analytics:

Machine learning predicts outcomes and trends, facilitating informed decision-making and personalized
recommendations.

Staff Training:

AI creates personalized training plans, accelerating learning and improving employee performance.
Emerging Trends:

Key emerging trends in AI include:

Autonomous AI:

Innovations like drones and robots are poised to impact industries such as agriculture, construction, and
logistics.

Cybersecurity:

As AI advances, organizations must prioritize cybersecurity measures to prevent data breaches and
cyberattacks.

Conversational AI

The adoption of conversational platforms is expected to increase, reshaping workplace communication and
customer interactions.

5G Networks:

The rollout of 5G networks will enable faster data processing, driving advancements in AI technology.

Augmented and Virtual Reality:

Enhanced connectivity through technologies like 5G may revive augmented and virtual reality applications in
various sectors.

In summary, these emerging trends signify a gradual progression toward Artificial General Intelligence (AGI),
underscoring the continuous evolution of AI technologies.

CONCLUSION

AI has been around us for many years but as we move towards 2020, more is anticipated from the technology
than ever before. With the way in which it has changed everyday life via machine and deep learning, AI has
become embedded as part of what we do. In fact, much of the time we don’t even recognize something as AI
because it is so familiar, just like how we take using the Internet for granted.

AI has always been considered as futuristic if we go by films and TV but as the examples in the paper show, it I
very much in the here and now.

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