Reading: Week 4

● Topic: Health
1. Lead-in

1. Bad habits of drinking bubble tea: trà sữa and eating processed (đc chế biến sẵn) food

can make people ……PUT ON ///…GAIN……………… (tăng cân – động từ gì?) weight
easily.

=> Giảm cân: lose weight

2. As a result, they might suffer from ……(noun)……OBESITY…………….. (obese: (adj) béo

phì / obesity (noun): bệnh béo phì / fat (adj): béo phì (dô diên) / overweight (adj): thừa
cân). This could tăng……INCREASE…………. (increase / develop / reduce: giảm / decline:
giảm/từ chối) the risks of many diseases in the long run.

3. To avoid these diseases, people should eat more …………………… (hand-made: thủ công /
home-cooked / mother-cooked) meals, and follow a well-balanced DIET …………………
(diet / meal / food / dish).

- avoid (v): TRÁNH  avoid sth || avoid doing sth  dùng khi muốn nói là không làm gì
đó

- HAVE / EAT a well-balanced meal

- HAVE / FOLLOW a well-balanced diet

4. People should also take care of their …MENTAL………………… (emotional: cảm xúc /
mental: tâm lý / spiritual: về mặt tôn giáo/đức tin) health and sleep at least 7 hours a
night.

Physical health: sức khỏe thể chất

Mental health: sức khỏe tâm lý

 Physical and mental health

Some studies have suggested that (TỪ NỐI) PEOPLE…………………… (stay up late: thức
khuya / get up late: dậy muộn = wake up late / not sleep early  KO PHẢI FV  SAI)
tend to consume more fast food at night, and thus they are more likely to be
……………………….. (obese / fat / overweight).

=> Sức khỏe về thể chất: Physical health:

 => Sức khỏe về thể chất VÀ tinh thần: Physical and mental health
10 new words/phrases:
1. processed food (n): thức ăn đã đc
chế biến sẵn
 fresh food = unprocessed food:
thức ăn CHƯA đc chế biến sẵn
2. FOLLOW a well-balanced diet (n):
theo một chế độ ăn cân bằng
3. mental health (n): sức khỏe tâm
lý
 physical health: sức khỏe thể
chất
4. put on weight = gain weight: tăng
cân
5. lose weight: giảm cân
6. diseases (n): những bệnh lý 
heart diseases: bệnh tim
7. obesity (n) => obese (adj): béo
phì
8. home-cooked meals (n): bữa ăn
tự nấu
9. stay up late: thức khuya
10. overweight (adj) : thừa cân
(KO dùng “fat” (adj))
2. Reading passage:

The truth behind some common health beliefs1

It’s easy to think that science is constantly changing its mind on all things related to health. However, ongoing
studies are getting us closer and closer to the truth about what is good for our bodies. Here are some widely held
beliefs and what science says now – so you can start making wiser health decisions: quyết định về sức khỏe.

A - ‘Breakfast is the most important meal of the day’  Đúng hoàn toàn hay không? || Tại sao?  MỘT
PHẦN – TÙY NGƯỜI

One study / research : nghiên cứu on overweight female volunteers found that those who ate a large
breakfast saw greater weight loss than another group who had a low-calorie breakfast and larger dinner.
research: ko đếm đc  one research

Nghiên cứu:

Đối tượng: phụ nữ thừa cân

- Nhóm 1: ăn sáng nhiều – ăn tối ít  GIẢM NHIỀU CÂN HƠN

- Nhóm 2: ăn sáng ít – ăn tối nhiều

“This might be because skipping breakfast leads to increased hunger levels later in the day, and this results in
people overeating2,” says Brady Holmer, a researcher at Examine.com, a database of nutrition: dinh dưỡng and
supplement (~ thuốc bổ) research. “People who eat a big breakfast instead of a big dinner also tend to lose more
weight, feel less hungry and can control their blood sugar levels better.”

1
Link bài viết gốc: https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2023/jan/04/truth-behind-10-of-the-biggest-health-
beliefs
2
overeat (v): ăn quá mức
 In conclusion, breakfast is important if it’s something that you enjoy, or
helps you to follow a well-balanced diet. Skipping it may have varying
effects: ảnh hưởng đa dạng on weight and energy for different people. If
you can make it through the morning on an apple and coffee, just go for it.
However, if you tend to overeat later in the day, a larger breakfast could
help.

 Ý chính: chứng minh là sáng ăn nhiều  giảm cân

 Đúng một phần – TÙY NGƯỜI
B - ‘You should walk 10,000 steps a day’  Một phần – nhưng tốt
nhất là đi nhanh hơn – TỐI ĐA 10k
It is surprising that this number wasn’t based on any science when it first
came up in the 1960s, but it might be good advice.

A study in 2022 found that walking may reduce the risk of death from
cardiovascular: tim mạch – tuần hoàn máu disease and cancer3. However,
the benefits reduce after hitting the 10,000-step mark. Another study
found that walking just 3,800 steps per day can be effective in reducing the
risk of dementia4, but a faster walking pace5 is also beneficial. Therefore, it
is recommended to walk more if you can and slightly increase the pace, up
to = tối đa 10,000 steps per day.

3,000 / day  3,800 & nhanh hơn: tốt!

10,000  12,000: ko tốt hơn

C - ‘Red meat is bad for you’  Ko hẳn – Processed: bad || Unprocessed: ok

Normally, red meat was often advised against because it contains a lot of fat: chất béo – but it’s not as simple
as that. Several studies have shown a link between a higher intake6 of red meat and an increased risk of cancer and
heart disease. However, it is now widely believed that this might be not correct, because many studies don’t
distinguish7 between processed (bacon, sausages, burgers and deli meats) and unprocessed red meat intake.

3
bệnh ung thư
4
bệnh sa sút trí tuệ
5
tốc độ
6
lượng nạp/ ăn vào
7
(v) phân biệt
 “Several recent studies (S) have found (FV – Vi) that eating unprocessed
(adj) red meat may not actually increase (Vt) the risk (object) for heart
disease or cancer, and major health organisations have recommended
(Vi) that people can continue (Vi) to eat unprocessed red meat.”

My teacher has long black hair.

Bao nhiêu clauses? 4 clauses

S - FV (Vi // Vt + Object // Vl – adj/noun)
Adj / Adv  bổ nghĩa chính xác cho từ nào

says Holmer.

Quan điểm A, B, C có đúng hoàn toàn ko? Tại sao?

Which advice is correct based on the text? CHOOSE THREE.

A. All people should eat a large breakfast.

B. Eating a large or light breakfast depends on each individual: cá nhân.

C. People should increase the walking distance and pace: tốc độ, up to 10,000 steps daily.

D. People should walk at least: ít nhất 10,000 steps a day to maintain: duy trì good health.

E. People should avoid eating red meat altogether: hoàn toàn.

F. Eating unprocessed red meat is still acceptable: chấp nhận được.

TRUE – FALSE – NOT GIVEN

1. A study showed that eating a large breakfast helped people lose more weight.
2. According to Brady Holmer, people eating a large breakfast rather than larger dinner can control their blood
pressure better.

3. Skipping breakfast has the most serious effects on overweight people.

4. In the 1960s, scientific research proved that walking 10,000 steps a day is beneficial to our health.

5. Many studies on red meat did not differentiate between processed and unprocessed red meat in their studies.

6. Major health organizations recommend that people avoid eating all types of red meat.
15 phút  Homework  4 bài Reading & 4 bài Listening

Listening: Week 4
Health
1. Listen to the introduction to a radio program and fill in the blanks:

Today's topic is positive thinking. We all know that people who are ________ (1) enjoy life more than people who
are negative and pessimistic. But scientific studies show that positive people are also ___________ (2). They get
better more quickly when they are _______ (3), and they live longer.

A recent study has shown that people who are _________ (4) and think positively live, on average, 9 years longer
than pessimistic people. So let's hear what you, the listeners, think. Do you have any ideas to help us be more
positive in our lives?

2. Listen to the rest of the program and complete the tips from callers:

Caller 1: Live in the ___________, not in the ___________.

Caller 2: Think ___________ thoughts, not negative ones.

Caller 3: Don’t spend a lot of time reading the _________ or watching the _______ on TV.

Caller 4: Every week, make a list of all the ____________ that happened to you.

Caller 5: Try to use _________ _________ when you speak to other people.

3. Listen and add more details to each tips from callers:

Caller 1: Live in the __(noun)_(now/nowadays/recent/ present/presence)________, not in the

___(noun)__PAST ______.

s
- Don’t think about the ___(mistake/ mistake / error/ errors)____ you made in the past

- You _CAN’T______ _CHANGE_______ the past.

Caller 2: Think __(adj) tích cực POSITIVE________ thoughts, not negative ones.

- If you have __(noun) sự kiện_AN EXAM______ tomorrow, think to yourself “__ I’ll__ __PASS___”
Caller 3: Don’t spend a lot of time reading the ___PAPER ______ or watching the ___NEWS____ on TV.

- Because it’s always ___BAD NEWS_____, and it makes you feel __DEPRESSED: trầm cảm ______.
Caller 4: Every week, make a list of all the _____2 chữ - adj + noun_GOOD THINGS______ that happened to you.

- Keep the list in your bag or in a ___noun – cái gì đó đựng đc đồ__POCKET_____.

- Read it when you are ___(adj)_SAD OR DEPRESSED______.

Caller 5: Try to use _________ _________ when you speak to other people.

- Don’t say: I’m _______.

- Say: don’t __________.