Class XI Session 2024-25

Subject - Physics
Sample Question Paper - 3

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 70

General Instructions:

1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.

2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and Section E. All the sections
are compulsory.

3. Section A contains sixteen questions, twelve MCQ and four Assertion Reasoning based of 1 mark each, Section B

contains five questions of two marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, Section D

contains two case study-based questions of four marks each and Section E contains three long answer questions of

five marks each.

4. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in section B, C, D and E. You have to

attempt only one of the choices in such questions.

5. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section A
1. According to Newton, the viscous force acting between liquid layers of area A and velocity gradient is given [1]
by , where is constant called coefficient of viscosity. The dimensional formula of is

a) [ML-2T-2] b) [M0L0T0]

c) [ML-1T-1] d) [ML2T-2]

2. Two closed organ pipes, when sounded simultaneously gave 4 beats per sec. If longer pipe has a length of 1 m, [1]
then length of shorter pipe is (v = 300 m/s)

a) 80 cm b) 94.9 cm

c) 90 cm d) 185.5 cm
3. If a gymnast sitting on a rotating stool with his arms outstretched, suddenly lowers his hands: [1]

a) The angular velocity decreases b) His moment of inertia decreases

c) The angular momentum increases d) The angular velocity stays constant

4. At critical temperature, the surface tension of a liquid [1]

a) is zero b) is infinity

c) cannot be determined d) is same as that any other temperature

5. Consider a spacecraft in an elliptical orbit around the earth. At the low point, or perigee, of its orbit, it is 400 km [1]
above the earth’s surface; at the high point, or apogee, it is 4000 km above the earth’s surface. Using

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 conservation of energy, find the speed at perigee and the speed at apogee. It is necessary to have the spacecraft
escape from the earth completely.

a) 9840 m/sec(perigee),9760 m/sec(apogee) b) 7840 m/sec(perigee),5760 m/sec(apogee)

c) 10840 m/sec(perigee),8760 m/sec(apogee) d) 8840 m/sec(perigee),6760 m/sec(apogee)

6. A body is moving forwards and backward. Change in frequency observed of source is 2%. What is velocity of [1]
the body? (Speed of sound is 300 m/s)

a) 3 m/s b) 2.5 m/s

c) 2 m/s d) 6 m/s
7. A body A is thrown up vertically from the ground with a velocity v0 and another body B is simultaneously [1]
dropped from a height H. They meet at a height , if v0 is equal to:

a) b)

c) d)
8. The phase difference between two waves, represented by [1]
y1 = 10-6 sin [100t + ( ) + 0.5] m

y2 = 10-6 cos [100 t + ( )] m

where x is expressed in metres and t is expressed in seconds, is approximately

a) 1.07 rad b) 1.5 rad

c) 0.5 rad d) 2.07 rad

9. An open tank filled with water (depsity ) has a narrow hole at a depth of h below the water surface. The [1]
velocity of water flowing out is

a) 2gh b)

c) h g d) gh
10. Satellites orbiting the earth have a finite life and sometimes debris of satellites fall to the earth. This is because, [1]

a) of viscous forces causing the speed of the b) the solar cells and batteries in satellites run
satellite and hence height to gradually out.
decrease.

c) of collisions with other satellites. d) the laws of gravitation predict a trajectory

spiralling inwards.
11. A thin uniform rod of length 2l and mass M is acted upon a constant torque. The angular velocity changes from [1]
zero to in time t. The value of torque is:

a) b)

c) d)
12. A spherical black body with a radius of 12 cm radiates 450 watt power at 500 K. If the radius were halved and [1]
the temperature doubled, the power radiated in watt would be

a) 225 b) 450

c) 1800 d) 1000

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13. Assertion (A): The Work-Energy theorem is applicable for non-inertial frames also. [1]
Reason (R): The Work-Energy theorem is applicable to non-inertial frames provided we include the pseudo
forces in the calculation of the net force acting on the body under consideration.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

14. Assertion: In an isochoric process, work done by the gas is zero. [1]
Reason: In a process, if initial volume is equal to the final volume, work done by the gas is zero.

a) Assertion and reason both are correct b) Assertion and reason both are correct
statements and reason is correct explanation statements but reason is not correct
for assertion. explanation for assertion.

c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is d) Assertion is wrong statement but reason is
wrong statement. correct statement.
15. Assertion (A): Even when orbit of a satellite is elliptical, its plane of rotation passes through the centre of earth. [1]
Reason (R): According to law of conservation of angular momentum plane of rotation of satellite always remain
same.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

16. Assertion (A): The division of a vector by another vector is not defined. [1]
Reason (R): The division of a vector by a direction is not possible.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
17. A stone is dropped into a well and its splash is heard at the mouth of the well after an interval of 1.45 s. Find the [2]
depth of the well. Given that velocity of sound in air at room temperature is equal to 332 ms-1.
18. Differentiate between dimensional and non-dimensional variables. [2]
19. The density of mercury is 13.6 g cm-3 in CGS system. Find its value in SI units. [2]
20. Is friction a non-conservative force? [2]
21. At a point above the surface of the earth, the gravitational potential is -5.12 107 J/kg and the acceleration due [2]

to gravity is 6.4 m/s2. Assuming the mean radius of the earth to be 6400 km, calculate the height of the point
above the earth's surface.
OR
An astronaut, by mistake, drops his food packet from an artificial satellite orbiting around the earth. Will it reach the
surface of the earth? Why?
Section C
22. A cylindrical vessel filled with water upto a height of 2 m stands on a horizontal plane. The side wall of the [3]
vessel has a plugged circular hole touching the bottom. Find the minimum diameter of the hole so that the vessel

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 begin to move on the floor, if the plug is removed. The coefficient of friction between the bottom of the vessel
and the plane is 0.4 and total mass of water plus vessel is 100 kg.
23. A certain substance has a mass of 50 g/mole. When 300 J of heat is added to 25g of sample of this material, its [3]
temperature rises from 25oC to 45oC. Calculate
i. the thermal capacity,
ii. specific heat capacity, and
iii. molar heat capacity of the sample.
24. Draw the following graphs for an object projected upward with a velocity v0, which comes back to the same [3]
point after some time:
i. Acceleration versus time graph,
ii. Speed versus time graph,
iii. Velocity versus time graph.
25. Show that Newton's third law of motion is contained in the second law. [3]
26. If, at 50°C and 75 cm of mercury pressure, a definite mass of a gas is compressed [3]
i. slowly
ii. suddenly, then what will be the final pressure and temperature of the gas in each case if the final volume is
one-fourth of the initial volume? ( = 1.5)
27. How is centripetal force provided in case of the following? [3]
i. Motion of planet around the sun,
ii. Motion of moon around the earth.
iii. Motion of an electron around the nucleus in an atom.

28. Mercury has an angle of contact equal to 140o with soda-lime glass. A narrow tube of radius 1.00 mm made of [3]
this glass is dipped in a trough containing mercury. By what amount does the mercury dip down in the tube
relative to the liquid surface outside? Surface tension of mercury at the temperature of the experiment is 0.465 N
m-1. Density of mercury = 13.6 103 kgm-3..
OR
What is venturi-meter? On which principle does it work? How is the principle of venturi-meter applied in
automobiles?
Section D
29. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
The kinetic energy of an object is the energy associated with the object which is under motion. It is defined as
“the energy required by a body to accelerate from rest to stated velocity.” It is a vector quantity and the
momentum of an object is the virtue of its mass. It is defined as the product of mass and velocity. It is a vector
quantity. The relation between them is given by E = . In case of the elastic collision both of these quantities
remain constant.

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 (a) Two masses of 1 gm and 4gm are moving with equal linear momentum. The ratio of their kinetic energy
is:

a) 1:2 b) 4:1

c) 1:1 d) 4:2
(b) If the linear momentum is increased by 50%, then K.E will be increased by:

a) 50% b) 200%

c) 125% d) 100%
(c) A heavy object and a light object have the same momentum. Which has the greater speed?

a) both heavy and light object b) heavy object

c) Moderate object d) light object

OR
Kinetic energy with any reference must be ________.

a) Change b) negative

c) zero d) positive
(d) When a body moves with a constant speed along a circle then

a) no acceleration is produced b) no work is done on it

c) no displacement on it d) no force acts on it

30. Read the text carefully and answer the questions: [4]
Gas molecules move in random motion inside the container. The pressure exerted by the gas is due to the
continuous collision of the molecules against the walls of the container. Due to this continuous collision, the
walls experience a continuous force which is equal to the total momentum imparted to the walls per second.

(a) If the mass of each molecule is halved and speed is doubled, find the ratio of initial and final pressure:

a) 1:16 b) 1:4

c) 1:8 d) 1:2
(b) The pressure exerted by the gases is:

a) inversely proportional to the density b) inversely proportional to the square of

the density

c) directly proportional to the density d) directly proportional to the square of

the density

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 (c) If the force of attraction between the molecules suddenly disappears, then what will be the change in
pressure:

a) pressure increase b) pressure decrease

c) pressure remains constant d) pressure falls

(d) If the pressure of a given gas is halved at a certain temperature. what will be its volume:

a) becomes triple b) becomes double

c) remains constant d) becomes half

OR
Dimension formula for R?

a) M1L2T2K-1 b) M1L1T-1

c) M-1L0T1 d) M1L2T-2K-1

Section E
31. An air chamber of volume V has a neck of the area of cross-section A into which a ball of mass m can move [5]
without friction. Show that when the ball is pressed down through some distance and released, the ball executes
SHM. Obtain the formula for the time period of this SHM, assuming pressure-volume variations of the air to be
i. isothermal and
ii. adiabatic.
OR
Two identical springs, each of spring factor k, may be connected in the following ways. Deduce the spring factor of
the oscillation of the body in each case.
32. What is meant by resolution of a vector? Prove that a vector can be resolved along two given directions in one [5]
and only one way.
OR
and are unit vectors along x and y-axes respectively. What is the magnitude and direction of vectors + and -
? What are the components of a vector A = along the direction + and - ?
33. Derive an expression for moment of inertia of a circular disc about an axis passing through its centre and [5]
perpendicular to its plane.
OR
A metre scale AB is held vertically with its one end A on the floor and is then allowed to fall. Find the speed of the
other end B when it strikes the floor, assuming that the end on the floor does not slip.

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 Solution
Section A
1.
(c) [ML-1T-1]
Explanation:

= [ML-1T-1]
2.
(b) 94.9 cm
Explanation:
For shorter pipe,

or
= 94.9 cm
3.
(b) His moment of inertia decreases
Explanation: When gymnast lowers his hand the distance of the mass from rotational axis decrease. Hence his moment of
inertia decreases and angular velocity increases to conserve angular momentum.
4. (a) is zero
Explanation: At the critical temperature, the surface tension of a liquid becomes zero.
5.
(c) 10840 m/sec(perigee),8760 m/sec(apogee)
Explanation: To escape Earth, we need total energy of zero.
(Efinal = 0 because U 0 as R and K 0 as v = 0 at R )
So,
Kp + Up = 0
Looking for the new velocity at perigee;

= 1.084 104m/sec = 10840 m/sec

The similar calculation at apogee gives

= 8.76 103m/sec = 8760 m/sec

6. (a) 3 m/s
Explanation: When the source is moving forward towards the observer, the apparent frequency is
When source moves backwards

As vs << v, so

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 7.
(c)
Explanation:
Let the two bodies A and B respectively meet at a time, at a height ground.

Using S = ut +
For a body A, u = V0, a = -g, S =
...(i)
For a body B, u = 0, a = +
...(ii)
Equating equation (i) and (ii) we get

V0t = gt2 or t =
Substituting the value of t is equation (i), we get

or = gH
V0 =

8. (a) 1.07 rad

Explanation: y1 = 10-6 sin [100t + ( ) + 0.5] m

y2 = 10-6 cos [100 t + ( )] m

= 10-6 sin [100 t + ( ) + ( )]

= 1.57 - 0.5
= 1.07 rad
9.
(b)
Explanation: Velocity of efflux, v =
10.
(d) the laws of gravitation predict a trajectory spiralling inwards.
Explanation: Due to the viscous atmosphere, friction force due to the atmosphere acts on the satellite which reduces its orbital
speed and hence the energy of revolution around a planet. Due to the decrease in the energy of the satellite, its height gradually
decreases.
11. (a)
Explanation:
As Torque( ) is equal to the product of Moment of Inertia (I) and Angular acceleration

12.
(c) 1800
Explanation: Power radiated, P =

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 [A r2]
=4P=4 450 W = 1800 W
13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: The Work-Energy theorem is applicable for non-inertial frames. The assertion is true.
If we include the pseudo forces in the calculation of the net force acting on the body under consideration then this theorem is
applicable for the non-inertial frame also.
The assertion and reason both are true and the reason also explains the assertion.
14.
(c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
Explanation: Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
15. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: As no torque is acting on the planet, its angular momentum must stay constant in magnitude as well as direction.
Therefore, plane of rotation must pass through the centre of earth.
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section B
17. Let h be the depth of the well. Then time t1 taken by the stone to fall into well under gravity is given by
or t1 =
Time taken for the splash to travel height h is given by
where v = velocity of sound
But t1 + t2 = 1.45 s

or
On solving, h = 9.9 m.
18. The quantities which have dimensions but do not possess a constant value are called dimensional variables e.g., velocity, force etc.
On the other hand, the quantities which have neither dimensions nor they have a constant value are called non-dimensional
variables e.g., relative density, strain, etc.
19. [Density] = M1 L-3
n2 = n1

= = 13.6 103

13.6g cm-3 = 13.6 103 kgm-3

20. Yes. When the direction of motion of a body reverses, the direction of friction is also reversed. Work has to be done against
friction both during the forward and return journey i.e., work done against friction along a closed path is not zero. So friction is a
non-conservative force.
21. If r is the distance of the given point from the centre of the earth, the gravitational potential at the point,
- = -5.12 107 J/kg
Acceleration due to gravity at this point,
g= = 6.4 m/s2
Clearly, = =r

thus, =8 106 m = 8000 km

Obviously, height of the point from the earth’s surface = (r - R) = 8000 km - 6400 km = 1600 km
OR
The food packet will not fall on the earth. As the satellite, as well as an astronaut, were in a state of weightlessness hence, the food
packet when dropped by mistake, will also start moving with the same velocity as that of satellite and will continue to move along
with the satellite in the same orbit.

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 Section C
22. Velocity of efflux through the hole, v =
Distance moved by water in one second v =
Rate of the momentum = = 2 ghA
According to Newton’s second law of motion,
Force due to the velocity of efflux = 2 gh A
Now, according to Newton’s third law of motion,
Force on the vessel = Rate of the momentum Force on the vessel = 2 gh A
The vessel will move, if force on the vessel = force of friction
or 2gh A = Mg
or A = = =
Since, the hole is circular,
A= =
D= = 0.113 m
So, the diameter of a hole D = 0.113 m
23. i. Total heat supplied to sample Q = 300 J and rise in temperature T = T2 - T1 = 45 - 25 = 20°C

Thermal capacity of substance is given as = = 15 JoC-1

ii. mass, m = 25 g = 0.025 kg
Specific heat capacity, c = = = 600 Jkg-1 oC-1
iii. Number of moles in 25 g sample of 50 g/mol is
moles
Molar heat capacity C = = = 30 Jmol-1 0C-1.

24.

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25. Let Fba be the force (action) exerted by A on B and be the resulting change of the momentum of B.
Let FAB be the force (reaction) exerted by B on A and be the resulting change of momentum of A.
According to Newton’s second law, F =
Then,
...(i)
In the absence of any external force, the rate of change of momentum of the whole system zero.
i.e.
So, FBA + FAB = 0 or FBA = - FAB
or Action = - reaction
and it is a Newton’s third law of motion.
Hence, proved.
26. Here V2 = V1, P1 = 75 cm of Hg,
T1 = 50 + 273 = 323 K
i. When the gas is compressed slowly, the process is isothermal.
P1V1 = P2V2 or 75
or P2 = 75 4 = 300 cm of Hg
As the process is isothermal, so T2 = 50°C
ii. When the gas is compressed suddenly, the process is adiabatic.

or P2 = = 75 41.5

= 75 4 4 = 75 4 2 = 600 cm of Hg
Also,
or T2 =

= 323 (4)0.5 = 323 2

= 646 K = 373°C
27. i. The earth revolves round the sun.The earth is also acted upon by the centripetal force which is provided by the gravitational
force of attraction between the sun and the earth.
ii. The motion of moon around the earth is also in circular path.The necessary centripetal force is provided by the gravitational
attraction of the earth on the moon.
iii. In an atom,electrons revolve around the nucleus in various circular orbits.The necessary centripetal force for circular motion,
is exerted by the electrostatic force of attraction between the positively-charged nucleus and the negatively charged electrons.
28. Angle of contact between mercury and soda lime glass, = 140o
Radius of the narrow tube, r = 1 mm = 1 10-3 m
Surface tension of mercury at the given temperature, s = 0.465 N m-1
Density of mercury, = 13.6 103

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 Dip in the height of mercury = h
Acceleration due to gravity, g = 9.8
Surface tension is related with the angle of contact and the dip in the height as:

h=

= -0.00534 m
= -5.31 mm
Here, the negative sign shows the decreasing level of mercury. Hence, the mercury level dips by 5.34 mm.
OR
Venturi-meter is a device used to measure the flow speed of a liquid. It is basically based on Bernoulli's principle and works on the
principle that when a liquid flows in the tube from wide neck to a narrow constriction, the speed of flow increases and the
pressure falls.
Bernoulli's principle states that with the increase in the velocity of the fluid its pressure decreases (or) there is a decrease in the
fluid pressure energy. This decrease in the fluid pressure in the areas where the flow velocity is increased is called the Bernoulli
effect.
It is utilised in the carburettor of automobiles. The carburettor has a venturi channel (fine nozzle) through which air flows with a
large speed. The pressure is then lowered at the narrow neck as a result, the valve of petrol chambers opens and the petrol is
sucked up in the chamber to provide the correct mixture of air and petrol necessary for combustion.
Section D
29. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
The kinetic energy of an object is the energy associated with the object which is under motion. It is defined as “the energy
required by a body to accelerate from rest to stated velocity.” It is a vector quantity and the momentum of an object is the virtue of
its mass. It is defined as the product of mass and velocity. It is a vector quantity. The relation between them is given by E = . In
case of the elastic collision both of these quantities remain constant.

(i) (b) 4:1

Explanation: 4:1
(ii) (c) 125%
Explanation: 125%
(iii) (d) light object
Explanation: light object
OR
(d) positive
Explanation: positive
(iv) (b) no work is done on it
Explanation: no work is done on it
30. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:
Gas molecules move in random motion inside the container. The pressure exerted by the gas is due to the continuous collision of
the molecules against the walls of the container. Due to this continuous collision, the walls experience a continuous force which is
equal to the total momentum imparted to the walls per second.

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 (i) (d) 1:2
Explanation: 1:2
(ii) (c) directly proportional to the density
Explanation: directly proportional to the density
(iii) (a) pressure increase
Explanation: pressure increase
(iv) (b) becomes double
Explanation: becomes double
OR

(d) M1L2T-2K-1
Explanation: M1L2T-2K-1
Section E
31. Oscillations of a ball in the neck of an air chamber. The figure shows an air chamber of volume V, having a neck of area of cross-
section A and a ball of mass m fitting smoothly in the neck. If the ball be pressed down a little and released, it starts oscillating up
and down about the equilibrium position.

If the ball be depressed by distance y, then the decrease in volume of air in the chamber is = Ay.
Volume strain =
If pressure P is applied to the ball, then hydrostatic stress = P
Bulk modulus of elasticity of air,
E= or P =
Restoring force, F = PA =
Thus F is proportional to y and acts in its opposite direction. Hence the ball executes SHM with force constant,
k=
The period of oscillation of the ball is
T=

i. If the P-V variations are isothermal, then E = P,

T=
ii. If the P-V variations are isothermal, then E = P,
T=

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 OR
For each spring,
F = -ky ...(i)
where F = restoring force, k = spring factor and y = displacement of the spring.
i. In Figure, let the mass m produce a displacement y in each spring and F be the restoring force in each spring. If k1 be the
spring factor of the combined system, then

2F = -ky
or F = ...(ii)
Comparing (i) and (ii), we get
= k or k1 = 2k
ii. In Figure, as the length of the spring is doubled, the mass m will produce double the displacement (2y). If k2 be the spring
factor of the combined system, then

F = -k2(2y) = -2k2y ...(iii)

Comparing (i) and (iii),
2k2 = k or k2 =
iii. In figure, the mass m stretches the upper spring and compresses the lower spring, each giving rise to a restoring force F in the
same direction. If k3 be the spring factor of the combined system, then

2F = -k3 y
or F = ...(iv)
Comparing (i) and (iv),
or k3 = 2k
32. Resolution of a vector. It is the process of splitting a vector into two or more vectors in such a way that their combined effect is
same as that of the given vector. The vectors into which the given vector is splitted are called component vectors.
A component of a vector in any direction gives a measure of the effect of the given vector in that direction. The resolution of a
vector is just opposite to the process of vector addition.
Resolution of a vector along two given directions.
Suppose we wish to resolve a vector in the direction of two coplanar and non-parallel vectors and , as shown in Figure.

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Suppose represent vector in the directions of and .
Q draw lines parallel to vectors and respectively to meet at point P. From triangle law of vector addition.

As therefore,
As therefore,
Here and are scalar. Hence
.... (i)
Thus the vector has been resolved in the direction of and . Here is the component of in the direction and is the
component in the direction of .
Uniqueness of resolution. Let us assume that can be resolved in the directions of and in another way.
Then .... (ii)
From equation (i) and (ii), we have

or
But and are non-zero vectors acting along different directions. The above equation is possible only if
and
or and
Hence there is one and only one way in which a vector can be resolved in the directions of vectors and .
OR
i. As we know and are unit vectors, Magnitude of units
If vector makes an angle of with the x - axis, then
= 1 = tan 45° or = 45°

ii. Similarly, magnitude of

If vector makes an angle , with x - axis, then

with
Hence, resultant vector makes an angle of 45° from x-axis in negative direction.

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 iii. To determine the component of A = in the direction of
Let us assume B = , then
A.B = AB cos = (A cos ). B
or Acos =

. This is the component of vector A in the direction of

iv. Unit vector along

Component of A along
The magnitude of the component of A in the direction of
. This is the component of vector A in the direction of .

33. Consider a disc of mass M and radius R. This disc is made up of many infinitesimally small rings, as shown in the figure.
Consider one such ring of mass (dm) and thickness (dr) and radius (r). The moment of inertia (dl) of this small ring is, dI =
(dm)R2

OR
Let M be the mass and Lbe the length of the metre scale. When the upper end of the rod strikes the floor, its centre of gravity falls
through height .

M.I. of the scale about the lower end A, I = M.I. of the scale about the parallel axis through CG + Md2

Also,
Gain in rotational K.E.

Now, Gain in rotational K.E. = Loss in P.E.

or

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