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Module 9

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28 views4 pages

Module 9

Uploaded by

You n I
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODULE 9

Module: System Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Overview:
This module provides a structured approach to maintaining and troubleshooting
systems. It covers key practices such as regular health checks, identifying and solving
hardware and software issues, effective log management, system crash recovery, and
updating drivers. The goal is to equip learners with the knowledge and skills required to
keep systems operating smoothly and respond effectively to problems.

1. Regular System Health Checks


Regular system health checks are proactive measures to ensure systems are
functioning at optimal levels. These checks help identify potential issues before they
lead to downtime.
Topics:
 Routine Inspections: Daily, weekly, and monthly tasks to review system
performance, storage usage, and network connectivity.
 Monitoring Tools: Software tools (like Nagios, SolarWinds, or Zabbix) used to
monitor CPU, memory, and disk usage.
 Temperature and Power Management: Ensuring hardware components are
within safe operating temperatures and managing power supply health.
 Backup Verification: Testing backup systems to ensure data can be recovered
if needed.
Best Practices:
 Set up automated monitoring alerts for unusual performance indicators.
 Regularly schedule manual inspections for both software and hardware health.

2. Identifying and Troubleshooting Hardware and Software Issues


Identifying and troubleshooting issues requires a systematic approach to ensure
problems are resolved efficiently and with minimal impact on users.
Topics:
 Symptoms Identification: Observing abnormal system behavior like
slowdowns, unexpected shutdowns, or errors.
 Hardware Diagnostics: Tools and methods to test hardware components,
including RAM, hard drives, CPUs, and network cards.
 Software Diagnostics: Using logs and event viewers to detect software-related
problems.
 Troubleshooting Process: Steps to isolate the issue by testing different
components and ruling out common problems.
Best Practices:
 Develop a checklist to follow when diagnosing issues.
 Maintain a knowledge base of past problems and their solutions.

3. Log Management and Analysis


Logs are critical for understanding system performance, diagnosing issues, and
maintaining security. Proper log management helps in tracking historical events and
quickly diagnosing issues.
Topics:
 Types of Logs: System logs, application logs, security logs, and event logs.
 Log Collection and Storage: Tools like ELK Stack (Elasticsearch, Logstash,
Kibana) for centralized log management.
 Log Analysis: Techniques to filter and analyze logs for troubleshooting and
audit purposes.
 Automated Log Monitoring: Using automated alerts for specific log entries that
may indicate issues.
Best Practices:
 Configure log rotation policies to manage storage.
 Regularly review logs and set up alerts for abnormal entries (e.g., multiple failed
login attempts).

4. Handling System Crashes and Recovery Procedures


System crashes can occur due to hardware failures, software conflicts, or malware.
Having recovery procedures ensures that systems can be restored quickly.
Topics:
 Common Causes of Crashes: Hardware failure, software conflicts, and
resource exhaustion.
 Immediate Response to Crashes: Steps to take when a system crashes, such
as recording error messages and performing a safe restart.
 Recovery Options: Restoring systems from backups, using recovery partitions,
or reinstalling software.
 Disaster Recovery Plans (DRP): Developing a DRP that includes procedures
for full system recovery, data backup, and user notification.
Best Practices:
 Perform regular backups and test restore processes.
 Maintain a documented DRP, and update it based on past incidents.

5. Updating Software and Hardware Drivers


Keeping software and drivers up-to-date ensures systems are protected from
vulnerabilities and benefit from the latest features and optimizations.
Topics:
 Importance of Updates: How updates improve performance, add features, and
close security gaps.
 Types of Updates: OS patches, application updates, and driver updates.
 Update Process: Methods for managing updates, including manual updates,
scheduled updates, and automated patch management tools.
 Compatibility Checks: Verifying compatibility of updates with existing hardware
and software to avoid conflicts.
Best Practices:
 Schedule regular update windows to avoid interfering with peak usage times.
 Use a testing environment for updates before applying them to production
systems.

Summary:
Effective system maintenance and troubleshooting extend the lifecycle of equipment,
enhance performance, and improve security. By implementing regular health checks,
managing logs, and preparing for recovery, system administrators can maintain stability
and respond to issues effectively.

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