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UNIT – I

1. Two forces 30 N and 40 N act at a point ‘O’. The included angle between them is 60º. Find the magnitude and
direction of the resultant May / June 2016
Ans: R = 60.82 N, α = 34.71º

2. What are the minimum requirements for equilibrium of a particle in space? May / June 2016
 Sum of horizontal forces are zero (ΣH = 0)
 Sum of vertical forces are zero (ΣV = 0)
 Sum of moments are zero (ΣM = 0)

3. State the triangle law of forces. Nov / Dec 2015

If two forces acting on a body are represented by the sides of a triangle then their resultant is represented by the
third side of the triangle taken in the opposite order.

4. A vector F starts at point (2, -1, 2) and passes through the point (-1, 3, 5) find its unit vector May / June 2015
Ans: → = 5.83, λ = -0.5145i +0.6861j + 0.5145k
|𝐹|

5. State the principle of transmissibility May/June 2015, Nov /Dec 2009

The state of rest or of motion of a rigid body is un altered if a force acting on the body is replaced by another force
of the same magnitude and direction but acting any where on the body along the line of action of the replaced force.

6. Define Lami’s theorem Nov / Dec 2014, May / June 2012

It states “If three coplanar forces acting at appoint be in equilibrium, then each force is proportional to the sine angle
between the other two”
𝑃 𝑄 𝑅
Mathematically = 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝛽 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝛾
𝑆𝑖𝑛𝛼
Where P,Q and R are three forces and α, β, and γ are the included angles between the forces (SKETCH)

7. Resolve the 100 N force acting 30º to horizontal into two components one along horizontal and another along
102º to horizontal May / June 2014
Hint: By applying parallelogram law of force concept, Data given is R = 100N and θ = 30º
Ans: F1 = 115.47 N and F2 = 57.76 N

8. Two forces of 400 N and 600 N act at an angle 60º to each other Determine the resultant in magnitude and
direction May / June 2014
Ans: R = 871.77 and α = 36.586º

9. Find the length of the line joining origin with a point (2,1, -2) Nov / Dec 2015, May / June 2014
Ans : 3 √22 + √12 + √(−22 )

10. What is meant by force-couple system? May / June 2013

When a number of forces and couples are acting on a body, they combined into a single force and couple having the
same effect. This is called force couple system. It is also termed as equivalent systems.

11. Find the unit vector of a force F = 4i – 5j + 8k May / June 2013

Ans: → = 10.247, λ = 0.39i – 0.49j + 0.78k
|𝐹|

12. Find the angle between the forces A and B given as A = 3i – 2j + 4k, B = 5i + 3j – 4k Nov/Dec2012
Solution: 𝐴⃗ ∗ 𝐵
⃗⃗ = 15 − 6 − 16; = −7 𝐴 = √32 + √〈−22 〉 + √42 =5.385
𝐵 = √52 + √32 + √〈−42 〉 = 7.071
𝐴⃗ ∗ 𝐵
⃗⃗ −7
𝜃 = cos−1 [ ] = cos−1 [ ]
𝐴×𝐵 5.385 × 7.071

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𝜃 = 100.59°

13. How will you find the direction cosine in the Z – direction of the resultant force of a concurrent spatial force
system? Nov / Dec 2012
𝜃𝑧 = cos −1 𝜆𝑧

14. What is the difference between a resultant force and equilibration force? May / June 2012, Nov / Dec 2010
 The resultant of a force system is a single force which produces the same effect as that of the force
system. It is equivalent force of all the given forces.
 The single force which brings the force system to equilibrium is called as an equilibrant. The
equilibrant is equal and opposite to the resultant of force system.

15. Define non-coplanar concurrent forces Nov / Dec 2011

The forces do not lie on the same plane, but their lines of action meet at common point in space

16. State the necessary and sufficient conditions for the static equilibrium of a particle in two dimension. Nov /
Dec 2011, May / June 2010
 Sum of horizontal forces are zero (ΣH = 0)
 Sum of vertical forces are zero (ΣV = 0)
 Sum of moments are zero (ΣM = 0)

17. Find the magnitude of the resultant of the two concurrent forces of magnitude 60 kN and 40 kN with an
included angle of 70º between them May / June 2011
Ans: Resultant R = 82.7 kN

18. A force of magnitude 500 N is passing through the origin and a point A (0,2,1,0)m write the vector form of
the force May / June 2011
Ans: F = 98i + 490j

19. Define the following terms: (a) Coplaner forces, (b) Concurrent forces. May / June 2010, Nov / Dec 2010
Coplaner force: If the line of action of all forces lie on same plane, then the forces are said to be coplanar forces
Concurrent forces: If the line action of all the forces meet at a common point, then the forces are said to be
concurrent forces.

20. A force F = 9i + 6 j- 5k acts through the origin. What is the magnitude of the force and the angle it makes
with X, Y, and Z axis? Nov / Dec 2009
(Ans: F = 18.49N, θx = 60.87º, θy = 71.06º, θz = 144.2º)

21. What is unit vector? May / June 2009

A vector of unit magnitude is called Unit vector. The unit vector of a force is obtained by dividing the given force
by its magnitude.

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UNIT – II

1. How free body diagram constructed? May / June 2016, Nov / Dec 2011
Free body diagram of a body is the diagram drawn by showing all the external forces and reactions on the body by
removing the contact surfaces and physical structures.

2. State Varignon’s theorem. May / June 2016, 2016, 2009, Nov / Dec 2014, 2012
It states that “If a number of coplanar forces are acting simultaneously on a particle, the algebraic sum of moments
of all forces about any point is equal to the moment of their resultant force about the same point.

3. Distinguish between the resultant and equilibrant. Nov / Dec 2015

 The resultant of a force system is a single force which produces the same effect as that of the force system. It is
equivalent force of all the given forces.
 The single force which brings the force system to equilibrium is called as an equilibrant. The equilibrant is equal
and opposite to the resultant of force system.

4. Find RA and RB of the beam shown in fig. Nov / Dec 2015

Ans: RA = 2 kN, RB = 6 kN

5. List the different supports used to support structural components May / June 2015, 2014
1) Roller support 2) Hinged support 3) Fixed support

6. Find the magnitude and location of the single equivalent force for the beam AB of length 8 m having a point
C at 3 m from A subjected to the following forces. May / June 2015

a. An upward force of 10 N at A
b. A downward force of 10N at C
c. An upward force of 40 N at B

7. Define couple. Nov / Dec 2014

A couple is a pair of forces, equal in magnitude, oppositely directed, and displaced by perpendicular distance. The
simplest kind of couple consists of two equal and opposite forces whose lines of action do not coincide.

8. Replace the force 600 N from A as shown in fig by equivalent force and couple at B. May/June2014

A 600 N A 600 N A 600 N

B B
B
600 N 600 N
600 N 2400 N-m

9. Find the resultant of the force system shown in fig. May / June 2014

Ans: R = 0 But the moment will not zero by taking moments about ‘o’
ΣMo = 2300 N-m (in anticlockwise direction)

10. State polygon law of equilibrium May / June 2014

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If a number of concurrent forces acting simultaneously on a particle, are represented in magnitude and direction by
the sides of polygon taken in order, then the resultant of this system of forces is represented by the closing side of
the polygon in the opposite order.

11. Write the equation of equilibrium of a rigid body in two dimension. May / June 2013
 Sum of horizontal forces are zero (ΣH = 0)
 Sum of vertical forces are zero (ΣV = 0)
 Sum of moments are zero (ΣM = 0)

12. Distinguish between a couple and a moment Nov / Dec 2012

Couple Moment
Two equal and parallel forces acting in opposite Moment is the turning effect product by a force on
direction constitute a couple the body on which it acts
It does not depend on any point of axis It depends on point or axis about which moment is
taken

13. What is meant by free body diagram of a rigid body? May / June 2012, Nov / Dec 2009
Free body diagram of a body is the diagram drawn by showing all the external forces and reactions on the body and
by removing the contact surfaces.

14. Write the conditions of equilibrium of a system of parallel forces acting in a plane May / June 2012, Nov /
Dec2010
Parallel force system in a plane is a non-concurrent force system. For such a system the equation of
equilibrium are
 Sum of horizontal forces are zero (ΣH = 0)
 Sum of vertical forces are zero (ΣV = 0)
 Sum of moments are zero (ΣM = 0)

15. What are the necessary and sufficient conditions of equilibrium of rigid bodies in two dimensions and in three
dimensions? Nov / Dec 2011, May / June 2010
 Sum of horizontal forces are zero (ΣH = 0)
 Sum of vertical forces are zero (ΣV = 0)
 Sum of moments are zero (ΣM = 0)

16. Why the couple moment is said to be a free vector? May / June 2010
The couple is a pure turning effect which may be moved anywhere in its own plane without change its effect on the
body. Hence, couple moment is said to be free vector.

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UNIT – III

1. State Pappus-Guldinus theorem. May / June 2016

The area of surface of revolution obtained by revolving a line or curve is equal to the length of the generating line
or curve multiplied by the distance travelled by the centroid of the generating line / curve when it is being rotated.

2. When will the product of inertia of an area become zero? May / June 2016, Nov / Dec 2011, May / June 2010
The product of inertia is zero when either one or both of the x – x and y – y axis, happen to be the axes of symmetry.

3. A right angled triangle of base 3 m and height 4 m is revolved about its 4 m vertical edge. Compute the volume
of the solid generated. Nov / Dec 2015
Ans: 37.70 m3

4. Write an expression for the radius of gyration of an area. Nov / Dec 2015, 2010, May / June 2012
𝐼
Radius of gyration k = √𝐴 I = Moment of inertia, A = Area

5. Find the radius of gyration of a rectangular area of MI about its base 9x104 cm4 and cross sectional area 300
cm2 May / June 2015, 2013
Data given: MI base= I = 9 x 104 cm4
Area = A = 300 cm2

𝐼 9 ×104
Radius of gyration k = √ = √
𝐴 300

Radius of gyration k = 17.32 cm

6. State perpendicular axis theorem. May / June 2015

This theorem states that the moment of inertia of a planar body about an axis perpendicular to its plane is equal to
the sum of its moments of inertia about two perpendicular axes concurrent with the perpendicular axis and lying in
the plane of the body. (Izz = Ixx + Iyy)

7. State parallel axis theorem. Nov / Dec 2014, 2009, Nov / Dec 2010, May / June 2012
Parallel axis theorem states that “ The moment of inertia of a plane area about any axis is the sum of the moment
of inertia of the area about the axis, passing through the centroid of the area parallel to the given axis and the
product of area of the plane and the square of the perpendicular distance of its centroid from the axis.

Mathematically IAB = IGG = Ah2

IAB = Moment of inertia a parallel axis X-X
IGG = Moment of inertia about its centroidal axis G-G
A = Area of the body
h = Distance between the axes GG and AB

8. Define principle moment of inertia Nov / Dec 2014, 2012, May / June 2009
The perpendicular axes about which product of inertia is zero ae called principal axes and the moment of inertia
with respect to these axes are called as principal moment of inertia.

9. Define centroid May / June 2014

Centroid is the point in a plane area such that the moment of the area, about any axis, through that point zero

10. Define polar moment of inertia. May / June 2014, Nov / Dec 2011
The area moment of inertia for an area relative to an axis perpendicular to the plane of the area is called the polar
moment of inertia. It is denoted by Ip = Ixx + Iyy

11. Define first moment of an area about an axes May / June 2014
First moment of an area (or) centroid of a plane figure is defined as the point through which the entire area of the
plane figure is assumed to be concentrated.

12. What is the radius of gyration of circle of diameter d about its diameter? May / June 2014

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𝐼 𝜋 𝜋 2
Radius of gyration k = √𝐴 I = 64 𝑑4 , 𝐴 = 4
𝑑

K = 0.25 d

13. When will the centroid and centre of mass coincides? May / June 2013
If the geometry of the body is symmetrical about its axes, then its centroid and centre of mass will coincide

14. Distinguish between centroid and centre of gravity. Nov / Dec 2012, 2009
 Centre of gravity applies to the bodies with mass and weight while centroid applies to plane area.
 Centre of gravity of a body is the point through which the entire weight of the body acts for any orientation of
the body while centroid is the point in a plane area such that the moment of the area, about any axis, through
that point zero.

15. Write the SI units of the mass moment of inertia and of the area moment of inertia of a lamina May / June
2010
For mass moment of inertia = kg m2
For area moment of inertia = m4

16. What is radius of gyration? May / June 2009

The radius of gyration is defined as the distance at which the whole area of the body may be assumed to be
concentrated with reference to the axis of the reference.

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UNIT – IV

1. What is angle of repose? May / June 2016, Apr / May 2015

The maximum angle of inclination of the plane at which the body remains in equilibrium under the action of
frictional force only, is called as angle of repose.

2. A wheel of radius 50 cm is moving on rails, with a speed of 12 m/s. Find the angular speed of the wheel May
/ June 2016, Nov / Dec 2012
Data given: Wheel radius R = 50 cm = 0.5m
Speed v = 12 m/s
Angular speed ω = v x R
ω = 12 x 0.5
ω = 6 rad/sec

3. What is impulsive force? Nov / Dec 2015

A force acting on a particle during a very short time interval that is large enough to produce a definite change in
momentum is called an impulsive force.

4. State the principle of work and energy for the general plane motion of the rigid bodies. Nov / Dec 2015
Principal of work and energy states that “ The change in kinetic energy is equal to the total work done by the
particle”

5. A wheel of radius 50 cm subjected to a load of 300 N rolls on a level ground at constant speed. If the wheel is
pushed by a tractive force of 60 N applied horizontally at the centre of the wheel, find the coefficient of rolling
resistance. Apr / May 2015
Ans: 60𝑁 × 50𝑐𝑚 = 300𝑁 × 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒
60×50
𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓𝑖𝑐𝑖𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑜𝑓 𝑟𝑜𝑙𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 = 300
= 10 𝑐𝑚

6. Define limiting friction Nov / Dec 2014

If the frictional force reaches its maximum value F max (or) Flim, When the external force is increased, the body will
lose its balance and it will move towards the left side. The maximum amount of friction developed in the contact
surface is known as the limiting friction.

7. Define instantaneous centre of rotation. Nov / Dec 2014

In rotation of rigid bodies, it is possible to locate a point in the plane which has zero velocity at any instant and
hence the plane motion of other points may looked as pure rotation about this point. Such a point is called as
instantaneous centre of rotation.

8. A body is rotating with an initial angular velocity 3rad/s. Its angular velocity increases to 10rad/s in 5 seconds.
Find the angular acceleration of the body. May / June 2014
Data given: Initial angular velocity = 3 rad/sec
Final angular velocity = 10 rad/s
Time = 5
𝜔 = 𝜔𝑜 + 𝛼𝑡
10 = 3 + (α x 5)
α = 1.4 rad/s

9. Define angle of friction May / June 2014

Angle between the normal reaction (N) and the resultant (R) is known as angle of friction (θ)

10. What is general plane motion? May / June 2014, 2013, 2010
The motion of rigid body is said to have general plane motion, when the body under goes a combination of
translation and rotation. In other words any plane motion which is neither a rotation nor a translation is referred to
as general plane motion

11. Define: Coefficient of static friction. May / June 2014, Nov / Dec 2010
The ratio of limiting friction to the normal reaction is known as co-efficient of static friction it is denoted by the
symbol µ

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𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐹𝑚
Mathematically 𝜇= 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
= 𝑁𝑅

12. A fly wheel has a mass moment of inertia of 11 kg m2 about the axis of rotation. It runs a constant angular
velocity of 94.25rad/s. find the kinetic energy of the fly wheel. May / June 2013
Data given: Mass moment of inertia Im = .11 kg m2
Angular velocity ω = 94.25 rad/sec
Kinetic energy KE = ½ x Im ω2
= ½ x 11 x (94.25)2

13. When do we say that the motion of a body is impending? Nov / Dec 2012, 2011 May / June 2012
When the applied force over the body is just sufficient to overcome, the friction, then the motion of the body is at
impending stage.

14. How do at any given instant, the velocity and acceleration of different points of a rigid body vary when it is
undergoing translation? May / June 2012
Let us assume that a rigid body translates with it particle A and B moving to A’ and B’ respectively in time Δt.
Since the motion is translation, A’B’ is parallel to AB thus AA’BB’ form a parallelogram. Therefore ΔSA and ΔSB,
representing the displacements of the particles A and B respectively, are the same in magnitude and direction
(SKETCH)

15. A rigid body rotates about a fixed axis. Write the expression for angular velocity when the rotation is
uniformly accelerated Nov / Dec 2011
𝟐𝝅𝑵
The expression for angular velocity, when the rotation is uniformly accelerated is given by 𝝎 =
𝟔𝟎

16. State the laws of dry friction May / June 2010

 The frictional force always acts in a direction opposite to that in which the body tends to move
 The force of friction is equal to force applied to the body as long as the body is at rest
 The magnitude of frictional force (F) bears a constant ratio to the normal reaction (N) between the two surfaces
 The force of friction depends upon the nature of surfaces in contact
 The frictional force does not depend on the shape and area of contact of the bodies

17. A body is rotating with an angular velocity of 5rad/sec. After 4 seconds, the angular velocity of the body
becomes 13rad/sec. Determine the angular acceleration of the body Nov/Dec2010
Data given: Initial angular velocity = 5 rad/sec
Final angular velocity = 13 rad/s
Time = 4
𝜔 = 𝜔𝑜 + 𝛼𝑡
13 = 5 + (α x 4)
α = 2 rad/s

18. List out the different types of friction. What is coefficient of static friction? Nov / Dec 2009
Types of friction
 Dry friction (Coulomb friction)
 Fluid friction
The ratio of limiting friction to the normal reaction is known as co-efficient of static friction it is denoted by the
symbol µ
𝐿𝑖𝑚𝑖𝑡𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑓𝑟𝑖𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝐹
Mathematically 𝜇 = 𝑁𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 = 𝑚
𝑁𝑅

19. A rigid body is acted upon by a force of 100 N, the velocity of body changes from 15 m/s to 25 m/s during the
period of 50s. Find the mass of body and the distance moved by the body during the time of interval. Nov /
Dec 2009
Data given: Force F = 100 N, Initial velocity u = 15m/s, Final velocity v = 25 m/s
Time = 50 sec

Solution: v = u + at F=mxa v2 = u2 + 2aS

25 = 15 + (a x 50) 100 = m x 0.2 25 = 152 = (2 x 0.2 x S)
2

a = 0.2 m/s2 m = 500 kg S = 1000 m

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20. What is coloumb friction? May / June 2009
The friction that exists between two unlubricated surfaces is called coulomb friction.

21. Define coefficient of Kinetic friction. May / June 2009

When the bodies are in relative motion, the co-efficient of friction is called kinetic. The kinetic co-efficient of
friction is always less than static co-efficient of friction

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UNIT – V

1. What’s D’ Alembert’s principal May / June 2016, 2013 Nov / Dec 2012
The system of a forces acting on a body in motion is in dynamic equilibrium with the inertia force of the body

2. What happens if two perfectly elastics are in impact? May / June 2016
When two elastic bodies collide, they momentarily come to rest immediately after collision, then deform to some
extent they move apart and recover because of action restoring elastic forces.

3. A train running at 80 km/h is brought to a standing halt after 50 seconds. Find the retardation and the
distance travelled by the train before it comes to a halt. Nov / Dec 2015, 2009
Data given: Initial velocity u = 80 km/h = 22.22 m/s
Final velocity: v = 0
Time: 50 sec
Solution: v = u + at v2 = u2 + 2aS
0 = 22.22 + a (50) 0 = (22.22)2 + (2x(-0.44)xS)
a = -0.44m/s2 S = 561 m

4. What is dynamic equilibrium. Nov / Dec 2015

Dynamic equilibrium is an alternative to Newton’s second law of motion
Σ𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎 (𝑜𝑟) Σ𝐹 − 𝑚𝑎 = 0 If a vector (-ma) is added to the forces acting on the particle, we get a system vectors
that reduces to zero. The vector –ma has a magnitude of ma and direction opposite to that of acceleration. The vector
–ma is called inertia vector. The particle is said to be in dynamic equilibrium under the action of the system of forces
acting on it and the inertia vector

5. A particle is projected into space at an angle of 30º to the horizontal at a velocity of 40 m/s. Find the maximum
height reached by the projectile. Apr / May 2015
𝑢2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 402 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 30
Ans: 𝑀𝑎𝑥 ℎ𝑒𝑖𝑔ℎ𝑡 = 2∗𝑔
, 2∗9.81
= 20.39 𝑚

6. Distinguish between perfectly plastic impact and perfectly elastic impact. Apr / May 2015
Perfectly plastic impact: The bodies which does not regain its original shape and size when the external forces are
removed are called inelastic bodies, that impact is called perfectly plastic impact
Perfectly elastic impact: The bodies regain its original shape and size when the external forces are removed are
called elastic bodies, that impact is called perfectly elastic impact.

7. Define Newton’s law (second law) of motion. Nov / Dec 2014

The rate of change of momentum is directly proportional to the applied force and in the direction of the force
(ie) F = ma

8. Give the equation of work energy for a rectilinear motion Nov / Dec 2014
1
Ans: 2 𝑚𝑣 2

9. A motorist is travelling at 90 kmph, when he observes a traffic light 250 m ahead of him turns red. The traffic
light is timed to stay red for 12 sec. if the motorist wishes to pass the light without stopping, just as it turns
green. Determine: (a) The required uniform deceleration of the motor and (b) the speed of the motor as it
passes the traffic light May / June 2014

Ans: a = -0.6944 m/s2 v = 60 kmph

10. State the principal of work and energy May / June 2014, Nov / Dec 2011
Principal of work and energy states that “The change in kinetic energy is equal to the total work done by the particle”

11. A stone is dropped from the top of a tower. It strikes the ground after four seconds. Find the height of the
tower May / June 2014, Nov / Dec 2011
Ans: Height h = 78.48 m

12. A car runs with an initial velocity of 30 m/s and uniform acceleration of 3 m/s2. Find its velocity after 5 seconds
May / June 2013
Data given: Initial velocity u = 30 m/s Final velocity v = u + at

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Acceleration a = 3 m/s2 v = 30 + (3 x 5)
Time t = 5 sec v = 45 m/s

13. A car moves on a circular path of radius 25 m, with a uniform speed of 9 m/s. Determine the total acceleration
on the car Nov / Dec 2012
Data given: Radius of the curve r= 25 m
Speed u= 9 m/s

Total acceleration a = (u2/r)

a = ( 92 / 25)
a = 3.24 m/s2

14. A body moves along a straight line so that its displacement from a fixed point on the line is given by s = 3t 2 +
2t. Find the velocity and acceleration at the end of 3 seconds. May / June 2012, 2010
Ans: Velocity v = 20 m/s, Acceleration a = 6 m/s2

15. A particle of mass 10 kg falls vertically from a height of 100 m from ground. What Is the change in potential
energy when it has reached a height of 50 m May / June 2012, 2010
Ans: PE at height 100 m h1 = 9810 J, PE at height 50 m h2 = 4905 J

16. What is linear momentum? Nov / Dec 2010

Linear momentum of a particle is defined as the product of mass of a particle and its velocity.
Mathematically Momentum = mass x velocity
SI unit for momentum is kg m/s.

17. Explain the difference between kinematics and kinetics Nov / Dec 2009
 Kinematics is the study of motion of a body or of a particle without considering the forces causing the motion
of it
 Kinetics is the study of motion of a body or of a particle by considering the forces causing the motion.

18. A train running at 80 km/h is brought to a standing halt after 50 seconds. Find the retardation and the
distance travelled by the train before it comes to a halt. Nov / Dec 2009
Data given: Initial velocity u = 80 km/h = 22.22 m/s
Final velocity: v = 0
Time: 50 sec
Solution: v = u + at v2 = u2 + 2aS
0 = 22.22 + a (50) 0 = (22.22)2 + (2x(-0.44)xS)
2
a = -0.44m/s S = 561 m

19. State Newton’s law concerning equilibrium of particle. May / June 2009
Everybody continues in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line, unless it is compelled by some external
force to change that state.

20. What do you mean by impact of elastic bodies? May / June 2009
The phenomenon of collision of two bodies occurs in a very small interval of time and during which the two bodies
exert a very large force and each other is called an impact.

21. The angular rotation of an accelerated disc is given by θ = (9/32)t3 + (3/4)t2 + 6t radians. Find its angular
acceleration when t = 2 sec. Nov / Dec 2010
Ans: Angular acceleration = 4.875 rad / sec

22. A point P moves along a straight line according to the equation x = 4t3 – 2t – 5, where x is in meters, t is in
seconds. Determine the velocity and acceleration when t = 3 sec
Ans: Velosity @ 3s = 106 m/s, Acceleration @ 3s = 72 m/s2

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QUESTION BANK

ME 3351 ENGINEERING MECHANICS

(R 2021)

Class: II Year – Civil & Mechanical Engineering

PART B

Mohan S R, AP-Mech

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UNIT – I

1. Three links PQ, QR and RS connected as shown in fig. support loads W and 50 N. Find
the weight W and the force in each link if the system remains in equilibrium.

2. Two identical rollers each of weight 65N are supported by an inclined plane and a vertical
wall as shown in fig. Find the reactions at the points of supports A, B, C and between the
spheres. Assume all the surfaces are smooth.

3. A roller of weight 10 kN rests on a smooth horizontal floor and is connected to the floor
by the bar AC as shown in fig. Determine the force in the bar AC and reaction from floor,
if the roller is subjected to a horizontal force of 5kN and an inclined force of 7kN as shown
in fig.

4. Members OA, OB and OC form a three-member space truss. A weight of 10 KN is

suspended at the joint ‘O’ as shown in fig. Determine the magnitude and nature of forces
in each of the three members of the truss.

Mohan S R, AP-Mech

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5. A pole is held in place by three cables. If the force of each cable acting on the pole is
shown, determine the position (x, y, 0) for fixing cable DC so that the resultant force
exerted on the pole is directed along its axis.

UNIT – II

6. A fixed crane has a mass of 1000 kg and it is used to lift a 2400 kg weight. It is held in
place by a pin at A and rocker at B. The centre of gravity of the crane is located at G.
Determine the components of reaction at A and B.

Mohan S R, AP-Mech

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7. Determine the reactions at A and B of the over-hanging beam shown in fig.

8. Determine the tension in cable BC and reaction at A as shown in fig. Neglect the self-
weight AB

9. Four tug boats are used to bring a large ship to its pier. Each tug boat exerts a 5000 N force
in the direction as shown in fig. Determine the equivalent force-couple system at point ‘O’
and the point on hull where a single more powerful tug boat should push to produce the
same effect as the original four tugboats.

Mohan S R, AP-Mech

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10. For the brake pedal shown in fig, determine the magnitude and direction of the smallest
force P which has a 104 Nm clockwise moment about B.

UNIT – III

11. Determine the centroid of the lamina as shown in fig

12. Find the MI of an I section about centroidal axes. Top flange: 150mm×15mm, Web:
200mm×10mm, Bottom flange: 300mm×15mm.
13. Find the moment of inertia of the centroidal axes for the section shown in fig.

Mohan S R, AP-Mech

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14. Determine the location of centroid for the right-angle triangle from the first principles and
find the volume of cone using Pappus-Guldinus theorem.
15. Locate the centroid of the shaded area shown in fig. The dimensions are in mm.

UNIT – IV

16. Determine the distance s to which the 90 kg painter can climb without causing the 4 m
ladder to slip at its lower end A as shown in fig.. The top of ladder has a small roller, and
at the ground the coefficient of static friction is 0.25. The mass center of the painter is
directly above her feet

Mohan S R, AP-Mech

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17. A 100 N force acts on a 300 N block placed on an inclined plane as shown in fig. The
Coefficients of friction between the block and the plane are µs = 0.25 and µk = 0.20.
Determine whether the block is in equilibrium, and find the value of the friction force.

18. Determine the smallest force P required to lift the 13.34 kN load shown in fig. The
coefficient of static friction between A and C and B and D is 0.3 and that between A and
B is 0.4.

19. A ladder 5 m long rests on a horizontal ground and leans against a smooth vertical wall at
an angle 70° with the horizontal. The weight of the ladder is 900 N and acts at the middle.
The ladder is at the point of sliding, when a man is weighing 750 N stands on a rung 1.5 m
from the bottom of the ladder. Calculate the coefficient of friction between the ladder and
the floor.

20. Determine the smallest force P required to move the block B if (a) block A is restrained by
cable CD as shown in fig. (b) Cable CD removed. Take the coefficients of frictions as µs =
0.3 and µk = 0.25 between all the surfaces of contact.

Mohan S R, AP-Mech

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UNIT – V

21. A steel ball of weight 60N is dropped onto a spring of stiffness 500 N/m from a height of
100 mm. Find the maximum deflection of the spring (Use the work-energy principle)

22. Two stones A and B are projected from the same point at inclinations of 15 and 30 respectively to
the horizontal. Find the ratio of the velocities of projection of A and B if the maximum height
reached by them is the same.

23. Two smooth spheres 1 and 2 having a mass of 2 kg and 4 kg respectively collide with initial
velocities as shown in fig. If the coefficient of restitution for the spheres is e=0.8, determine the
velocities of each sphere after collision.

24. A block of mass 8 kg is dragged up an inclined plane by a rope inclined at 15 to the plane while
the plane is inclined at 30 to the horizontal. Find the velocity of the block after 4 seconds if dragged
from rest. Take the coefficient of kinetic friction between the block and the plane as 0.2. Also
assume that a force of 100 N is applied through the rope for dragging the block upwards the plane.
Apply impulse momentum method.

25. Two blocks A and B of masses mA= 280 kg and mB= 420 kg are joined by an inextensible cable as
shown in fig. Assume that the pulley is frictionless and µ=0.30 between block A and the surface.
The System is initially at rest. Determine (i) acceleration of block A (ii) velocity after it has moved
3.5 m and (iii) velocity after 1.5 sec.

Mohan S R, AP-Mech

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18. Define unit vector.

Vectors of magnitude one is called unit vector. The unit vector of any given vector is
obtained by dividing the given vector by the magnitude of vector.

19. State Newton’s Law of Gravitation.

Newton's law of universal gravitation states that a particle attracts every other particle in the
universe using a force that is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them.

20. What is a scalar quantity?

A quantity which is characterized by a positive or negative number is called scalar quantity
that is a scalar quantity is one which is completely defined by its magnitude alone. Some examples

P
of scalar quantities are mass, length, time and area.

21. State Newton's Second law.

AP
Newton's second law of motion can be formally stated as follows: The acceleration of an
object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the
same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.

22. What is a vector quantity?

A quantity which is completely defined by magnitude and direction is known as a Vector
R
quantity. Some examples of vector quantities are velocity, acceleration, force and momentum.

23. State Newton's First law.

CO
Newton's first law of motion - sometimes referred to as the law of inertia. An object at rest
stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction
unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.

24. Define Concurrent forces.

Concurrent forces are defined as forces that pass through a common point. In other words, a
U

concurrent force system is a set of two or more forces whose lines of action intersect at a point at
the same time.
ST

25. What is gravity?

Gravity is a force pulling together all matter (which is anything you can physically touch).
The more matter, the more gravity, so things that have a lot of matter such as planets and moons
and stars pull more strongly.
Mass is how we measure the amount of matter in something. The more massive something
is, the more of a gravitational pull it exerts. As we walk on the surface of the Earth, it pulls on us,
and we pull back. But since the Earth is so much more massive than we are, the pull from us is not
.

strong enough to move the Earth, while the pull from the Earth can make us fall flat on our faces.

26. What is an Orbit?

An orbit is a regular, repeating path that an object in space takes around another one. An
object in an orbit is called a satellite. A satellite can be natural, like the moon, or human.

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In our solar system, the Earth orbits the Sun, as do the other eight planets. They all travel on
or near the orbital plane, an imaginary disk-shaped surface in space. All of the orbits are circular or
elliptical in their shape. In addition to the planets' orbits, many planets have moons which are in
orbit around them.

PART - B (16 Marks Questions)

27. In the figure shown, three wires are

joined at D.

Two ends A and B are on the wall and

the other end C on the ground. The wire

P
CD is vertical. A force of 60 KN is
applied at „D‟ and it passes through a
point E on the ground as shown in

AP
figure. Find the forces in all the three
wires. (AU JUN‟10, JUN‟12)

28. ABCDE is a light string whose

R
end A is fixed. The weights W1
and W2 are attached to the string
at B & C and the string passes
CO
round a small smooth wheel at D
carrying a weight 40KN at the
free end E. In the position of
equilibrium, BC is horizontal and
AB and CD make angles 150°
U

and 120° with horizontal. Find (i)

the tensions in AB, BC and DE of
the given string (ii) magnitudes of
W1 and W2. (AU DEC‟12)
ST

29. A horizontal force P normal to the wall holds the

cylinder in the position shown in figure below.
Determine the magnitude of P and the tension in
each cable.
.

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30. In a jib crane, the jib and the tie rod are 5 m and 4 m
long respectively. the height of crane post in 3 m and the
ties red remains horizontal. Determine the forces
produced in jib and tie rod when a load of 2kN in
suspended at the crane head.

31. A container is supported by three cables which are attached to a ceiling as shown. Determine the
weight, W of the container, knowing that the tension in cable AD is 4.3kN.

P
AP
R
CO

32. Two smooth circular cylinders each of

weight 1000 N and radius 15 cm are
connected at their centers by a string
AB of length 40 cm and rest upon a
horizontal plane, supporting above
U

them a third cylinder of weight 2000

N and radius 15 cm as shown in
Figure. Predict the force S in the string
ST

AB and reactions on the floor at the

points of contact D and E.
.

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UNIT II - EQUILIBRIUM OF RIGID BODIES

PART - A (2 Marks Questions and Answers)
1. State and prove Varignon's theorem. or State the principle of moments. (June 2001)
(Dec2005) (Dec2006) (May 2004) (May 2009) (Dec2009) (May 2010) (Dec2010) (May
2011) (Dec2012) (Dec2013)
Varignon's theorem: When a number of forces act simultaneously on a particle, the algebraic sum
of the moments of all the forces about any point is equal to the moment of the resultant force about the
same point.
2. State the necessary and sufficient conditions for equilibrium of rigid bodies in two dimensions.

P
(Nov 1997) (Dec 2002) (May 2006) (Dec 2011)

AP
3. The position vector and force are 2i - 3j + 4k and 120i - 260j + 320k respectively. Find
the moment of the Force about the origin. And also find the scalar quantity of the
moment.
R
CO
U

Scalar quantity = √ (M2X+ M2Y + M2Z)

ST

= √ (802 + (-160)2 + (-160)2) = 240units

4. In the above problem, find the angles made by the moment along x, y and z axes
.

5. Define the term couple?

i. A couple is that two forces are of equal magnitude opposite sensed parallel forces, which
lie in the same plane.

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6. What are the characteristics of a couple?

The characteristics of a couple are:

a) The algebraic sum of the forces is zero.

b) The algebraic sum of the moments o f the forces about any point is the same and
equal to the moment of the couple itself.

7. Represent a (a) Horizontal roller support and (b) Inclined roller support showing its
direction of the reactions. (Dec 2010)

P
AP
R
8. Find the magnitude and position of the resultant of two forces 5 kN and 8kN both acting
CO
vertically upwards and separated by 4m. (Dec 2010)
U
ST
.

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9. Define moment of a force?

The moment of a force about a point is defined as the turning effect of the force
about that point.
Moment = Force X Perpendicular distance
10. For what condition the moment of a force will be zero?
A force produces zero moment about an axis or reference point which intersects the
line of action of the force.
11. What is the difference between a moment and a couple? (Dec 2006) (May 2011)
(Dec 2012)

P
The couple is a pure turning effect which may be moved anywhere in its own plane, or
into a parallel plane without change of its effect on the body, but the moment of a force must

AP
include a description of the reference axis about which the moment is taken.
12. What is the difference between a fixed vector and a free vector?
 A force which is applied at a particular location on a body is a fixed vector. Example: A moment.
 A force which can be moved anywhere in its own plane or in a parallel plane without change
R
in its effect on the body is called free vector. Example: A couple.
13. With the help of a simple illustration, define free body diagram. (Dec 2009)
CO

It is a sketch which shows all the forces and couple moments the surrounding exerts on a body.
U
ST

14. Find the moment of the force of 15N acting along the positive direction of X-axis about the
point A (2,3). (Dec 2005)
.

Answer: MA = 15 X 3 = 45 kNm (Anticlockwise).

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15. Sketch the idealized, graphical and reaction of a cantilever support at a point.
(May 2010)

16. State the requirements for equilibrium of a body acted upon by a parallel force system?
1. The algebraic sum of the forces is zero.i.e., .ΣF=0.

P
2. The algebraic sum of the moments about any point is zero. i.e., .ΣM=0.
17. What are the necessary and sufficient conditions for the equilibrium of a rigid body in

AP
three dimensions?
ΣFX = 0 ΣMX = 0
ΣFY = 0 ΣMY =0
ΣFZ= 0 ΣMZ =0
R
18. What are the common types of supports used in two dimensions?
1. Roller support
2. Hinged support
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3. Fixed support

19. What are the common types of supports used in three dimensions?
1. Ball support
U

2. Ball and Socket support

3. Fixed (or Welded) support
ST

20. Define equilibrant?

The force which brings the system of forces into equilibrium is called equilibrant. It is
equal to the resultant force in magnitude collinear but opposite in nature.
21. What are the common types of loads?
1. Point load (or concentrated load)
.

2. Uniformly distributed load

3. Uniformly varying load

22. What is statically determinate structure?

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A structure which can be completely analyzed by static conditions of equilibrium

(ΣH =0; ΣV =0 and ΣM=0) alone is statically determinate structure.
23. What are the reactions at a fixed support of a plane beam that are possible?
The reaction at fixed support of a plane beam consist of,
1) A reaction force in the plane which can be represented by its two components (Generally
taken to be horizontal and vertical) &,
2) A reaction moment.
24. State the necessary and sufficient conditions for equilibrium of rigid bodies in two
dimensions?

P
The necessary and sufficient conditions for equilibrium of rigid bodies in two dimensions are:

AP
1) Algebraic sum of horizontal components of all forces acting on the body is must be zero,
2) Algebraic sum of vertical components all forces acting on the body is must be zero,
3) Algebraic sum of moments due to all forces and couple moments acting the body is in must be
zero.
25. When is moment of force maximum about a point ?
R
Moment of force is maximum about a point when,
CO
i) Its applied at maximum result from the point and,
ii) It is applied perpendicular to the line joining the point to the point of application of force.
26. When is moment of force zero about a line?
Moment of force about a line is zero when,
U

i) Force is parallel to that line or,

ii) Line of action of force intersects that line.
ST

PART - B (16 Marks Questions)

27. Two beams AB and CD are shown in
figure. A and D are hinged supports.
B and C are roller supports.
(i) Sketch the free body diagram of
the beam AB and determine the
.

reactions at the supports A & B.

(ii) Sketch the free body diagram of
beam AB and determine the reactions at the supports C and D. (AU Dec‟10, DEC‟12)
28. A force couple system acting on a rectangular plate is shown in figure below.

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(i) Find the equivalent force couple system at the origin O.

(ii) Find the single resultant force and its location on x – axis. (AU Dec‟11, JUN 10)

P
29. A load of 3500 N is acting on the boom, which is held by a

AP
cable BC as shown in figure below, the weight of the boom
can be neglected. (AU Dec‟11)

(i) Sketch the free body diagram of the boom.

(ii) Determine the tension in cable BC.
R
(iii) Find the magnitude and direction of the reaction at A.
CO

30. A cylindrical roller has a weight of 10kN and it

U

is being pulled by a force which is inclined at

30° with the horizontal as shown in fig. While
moving it comes across an obstacle of 10cm
ST

height. Predict the force required to cross this

obstacle when the diameter of the roller is
70cm.
.

31. Blocks A and B of weight 200N and 100N respectively, rest on a 30 inclined plane and are
attached to the post which is held perpendicular to the plane by force P, parallel to the plane, as

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shown in fig. Assume that all surfaces are smooth and that the cords are parallel to the plane.
Determine the value of P. Also find the Normal reaction of Blocks A and B.

P
AP
32. Four tug boats are used to bring a large ship to its pier. Each tug boat exerts a 5000 N force in
the direction as shown in Fig. Determine the equivalent force - couple system at point 'O' and the
point on hull where a single more powerful tug boat should push to produce the same effect as
the original four boats.
R
CO
U
ST
.

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UNIT – III PROPERTIES OF SURFACES AND SOLIDS

PART - A (2 Marks Questions and Answers)
1. What is meant by centre of gravity?
Centre of gravity of a body is that point through at which whole weight of the body acts irrespective
of the orientation of the body. It is represented by C.G (or) G. The point at which whole area of the
body is assumed to have concentrated is called as centre of gravity.

2. What is meant by centroid?

The plane figures (like Triangle, Quadrilateral, Circle, etc.) have only area and no mass. The
centre of area of such figure is known as centriod.

P
3. What is centre of mass?

AP
Centre of mass is the point where the entire mass of a body may be assumed to be concentrated.
The centre of mass (C.M) and centre of gravity (C.G) of a body are different only when the
gravitational field is not uniform and parallel. For most practical purpose they assumed to be same.

4. What is meant by reference axes?

The centroid (G) is the point of intersection of the diagonals. But the location of centriod is
R
always measured with reference to some reference axes. OX and OY axes with the point of origin O
are used as reference axes for the centroid of the plane figure.
CO

5. What is meant by centroidal axis?

The axes which are passing through the centroid of the figure is called as the centroidal axis.
Here xx and yy are the horizontal and vertical axis passing through the centroid (G).
U

6. What is parallel axes theorem for moment of inertia?

The moment of inertia about axes in the plane is the sum of the moment of inertia about a parallel
axis passing through centroid and the product of the area and square of the distance between the
ST

two parallel axes. IAB=Ixx+Ah2

Where
IAB= Moment of inertia of the area about AB.
Ixx =Moment of inertia of the area about centroidal xx axis.
A= Area of the section.
h = Distance between centroidal axis and the axis AB.
.

7. What is perpendicular axes theorem for moment of inertia?

Moment of inertia of an area about an axis perpendicular to its plane at any point is equal to
the sum of moments of inertia about any two mutually perpendicular axes about the same point in
plane of the area. It is also known as polar moment of inertia
Mathematically, Izz=Ixx+Iyy

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Where
Ixx =Moment of inertia of the given lamina about xx axis.
Iyy= Moment of inertia of the given lamina about yy axis.
Izz= Moment of inertia of the given lamina about zz axis.

8. What is product of inertia?

The product of inertia of an area is summation of product of inertia of its elements about
two perpendicular reference axes (x and y axis). It is denotes by Ixy.

Ixy = ∫ .
9. What is principal moment of inertia?

P
The values of moment of inertia about two perpendicular axes depend on the orientation of
the axis. At certain angle of orientation, the moment of inertia will be maximum along one axis and

AP
minimum along the other. These maximum and minimum moments of inertias are called as
principal moment of inertia.

10. What is mass moment of inertia?

The moment of inertia of solid figure is generally refereed as “Mass Moment of Inertia”. It
is denoted by the symbol “I”. Mass moment inertia is a measure of its inertial behavior, ie.
R
Resistance to the rotational acceleration of the mass of the body.
I = m1r12+ m2r22+……+ mnrn2
CO
Where,
m1, m2…mn = Mass of the particle
r1, r2….rn = Distance respectively about origin.

11. Define Radius of Gyration

U

Radius of Gyration of a body (or a given lamina) is defined as the distance from the axis of
reference to where the whole mass (or area) of a body is assumed to be concentrated. It is denoted
by “ K ”.
ST

K= √
Were,
I = Moment of inertia.
A = Area of the section.

12. State Pappus theorem.

.

It states that the area of surface of revolution is the product of length of the generating curve
and the distance travelled by the centroid of the curve, while the surface is being generated.

13. State Guldinus theorem.

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It states that the volume of a body of revolution is obtained from the product of generating
area and the distance travelled by the centroid of the area, while the body is being generated.

14. Write the formula for centre of gravity of composite solid figures.
The centre of gravity of solid bodies is found out in the same way as that plane figures. The
only difference between the plane figure and solid bodies is calculated.
If composite solid made of same material,
ẋ=

ȳ=

P
Where,
V1, V2….Vn are the volume of the different components.

AP
X1, X2….Xn are the centrodial distance from OY axis.
Y1, Y2…Yn are the centrodial distance from OX axis.

15. When will the product of inertia of an become zero?

Product of inertia becomes zero when the area is symmetrical with respect to one or both the
R
axes, then the product of inertia will be zero.

16. Define first moment of an area about an axis.

CO
The plane are of well known geometrical shape like rectangle, square, triangle., etc are
called simple plane figure and the plane areas, combination of two or more simple plane figures are
called the composite plane figures. Centroid of composite plane figures is called first moment of
area.
U

17. What do you mean by polar moment of inertia?

The polar moment of inertia is defined as the moment of inertia of the lamina or plane about
ST

an axis perpendicular to the plane of the section. It is denoted by Ip or J or Izz

Mathematically, IP=Ixx+Iyy
Ixx =Moment of inertia of plane figure about its centroidal axes.
Iyy= Moment of inertia of plane figure about its centroidal axes.

18. When will the centroid and centre of mass coincides?

.

 The point at which whole area of the body is assumed to have concentrated is called as centre of
gravity.
 Centre of mass is the point where the entire mass of a body may be assumed to be concentrated.
 The centroid and centre of mass coincide when the density of the material is uniform throughout the
body.

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19. Express the centroidal coordinates of a quadrant of the circle.

ẋ=

ȳ=
Where,
r = Radius of circle.
20. How will you locate the principal axes of inertia?
The axes at which the product of inertia is zero are called principal axes. The moment of
inertia about the principal axes are called principal moment of inertia.

P
There will always be two principal axes at a given point in the area and they will be
mutually perpendicular to each other. The maximum moment of inertia is called major principal

AP
moment of inertia and the minimum moment of inertia is called the minor principal moment of
inertia.

21. What are the various methods to find centre of gravity?

The centre of gravity is found out by the following three methods
i) Geometrical consideration
R
ii) Graphical method
iii) Method of moments
CO

22. What is section modulus?

The modulus of the section (or section modulus) of a of a figure obtained by dividing the
moment of inertia of the figure about its centre of gravity by the distance of the extreme fibre from
centroidal axis. It is generally denoted by Z and the suffixes (XX or YY) indicate the axis. (ZXX or
U

ZYY)
ZXX = ; ZYY =
ST

23. State the relationship between the second moment of area and mass moment of inertia for a
thin uniform plate.
The mass moment of inertia and second moment of area of a thin plate can be related as,

(Ixx) mass= (Ixx) area

Where,
.

(Ixx) mass = Moment of Inertia of mass,

(Ixx) area = Moment of Inertia of area,
= Mass density of the plate material,
= Thickness of the plate.

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24. What are the theorems that deal with moment of inertia?
 Parallel axis theorem
 Perpendicular axis theorem
 Routh‟s rule.

25. What are major and minor principal axes?

In a given area, there are two principal axes at a point. These two axes will be mutually
perpendicular to each other. The moment of inertia about one of the axis will be maximum and
other will be minimum. These axes are called major principal axis and minor principal axes
respectively.

P
26. Define principal axis and principal moment of inertia.
The axis about which the product of inertia is zero is known as principal axis. The moment of

AP
inertia about the principal axis is called as principal moment of inertia.

27. List out the steps involved in to find the moment inertia of composite section.
 The given composite section should be divided into simple calculated section.

R
Moment of Inertia of these simple sections about their respective C.G should calculate.
 M.I transferred about the required axis by parallel axis theorem.

CO
M.I for composite section obtained by summing the M.I of simple section about the required axis.

28. Write the formula for finding the centroid of composite plane figure.

ẋ= ; ȳ=
Where,
U

A1, A2….An are the Area of the different components.

X1, X2….Xn are the centroidal distance from OY axis.
ST

Y1, Y2…Yn are the centroidal distance from OX axis.

PART - B (16 Marks Questions)

29. An area in the form of L section is shown in figure
below (AU MAY‟11, DEC‟12)
Find the moments of Inertia Ixx, Iyy, and Ixy about its
centroidal axes. Also determine the principal moments
.

of inertia.

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30. Locate the centroid of the area shown in figure below. The
dimensions are in mm. (AU JUN‟10, DEC 11)

31. Find the moment of inertia of a section shown in Fig below

about the centroidal Axes.(Dimensions in mm) (AU JUN‟09)

P
AP
32. Determine the principal moments of inertia and find location of
R
principal axes of surface shown in fig.
CO
U

33. A Cylinder of height of 10 cm and radius of base 4 cm is placed under sphere of radius 4 cm such
that they have a common vertical axis. If both of them are made of the same material, find the
ST

centre of gravity of the combined unit.

34. Design Moment of Inertia about the co-ordinate axes of plane area
shown in fig. Also find Polar Moment of Inertia.
.

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UNIT IV - DYNAMICS OF PARTICLES

PART - A (2 Marks Questions and Answers)

1. State D' Alembert's principle. (AU May/June 2016,May/June 2013, Nov/ Dec 2010, May /
June 2010, May /June 2007)

D' Alembert's principle is an application of Newton's second law of motion. It states that the system
of forces acting on a body in motion is dynamic equilibrium with the inertia force of the body.

2. What happens if two perfectly elastic bodies are in impact? (AU May/June 2016)

When two elastic bodies collide with each other, they tend to compress each other. Immediately

P
after this, the bodies attempt to regain its original shape, due to elasticity. This process of regaining
the original shape is called restitution.

AP
3. What is dynamic Equilibrium? (AU Jan 2016)

According to Newton's Second law of motion,

ƩF=ma, ƩF- ma=0

R
This equation is also known as dynamic equilibrium equation. This principle is known as D'
Alembert's principle. D' Alembert's principle is used to convert dynamics problem into a statics
CO

problem.

4. What is impulsive force? (AU Jan 2016)

When a large acts on a body for a short period of time, then the force is called an impulsive force.
U

Examples: 1. Cricket ball hit by a bat

ST

2. Foot ball kicked by the player, etc

5. Distinguish between perfectly plastic impact and perfectly elastic impact. (AU April/May
2015)

Perfectly Plastic Impact Perfectly Elastic Impact

.

The relative velocities of the colliding object The relative velocities of the two objects after
after impact are less than those before impact (separation velocities) are the same as
impact. their relative velocities before impact
(approach velocities).

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Some of the total energy of motion is lost. The total energy of motion is not changed.

Example: some may be transformed to heat

associated with the deformation and
restitution process.

6. Write the work energy equation of particles. (AU Nov/Dec 2014, Nov/Dec 2013)

(Or) Work done = Change in Kinetic energy

P
This equation is known as work energy equation in which

AP
Fs = Work done by the force acting on the body

= Final Kinetic energy

= Initial Kinetic energy

R
7. State Newton's Second law of motion. (AU Nov/Dec 2014, Nov/Dec 2006)
CO

Newton's law states that, "The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the
external force applied on the body and takes place in the direction of the applied force."

F α ma (or) F= K.ma
U

Where,„K‟ is a constant of proportionality.

8. State principle of work and energy. (AU May/June 2014, April/May 2009, May/ June 2008,
ST

Nov 2002)

Principle of work and energy states that "When a particle moves from position s1to s2 under the
action of a force F, the change in kinetic energy of the particle is equal to the work of the force F."

9. Define the coefficient of restitution. (AU May/June 2014, Nov/Dec 2011,April/May 2009,
May/June 2007)
.

The coefficient of restitution between two bodies in a collision is defined as the ratio of the relative
velocity of their separation after collision to the relative velocity of their approach before collision.
It is denoted by 'e'.

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Coefficient of restitution, e =

10. State impulse momentum principle. (AU Nov/Dec 2013, Nov/Dec 2010)

Impulse momentum principle is

Impulse = Change in momentum

= Final momentum - Initial momentum

In other words, the impulse of the force acting on a particle is equal to the change in linear

P
momentum of the particle.

11.Define the term "Kinematics". (AU Nov/Dec 2012, May/June 2005)

AP
Kinematics is the study of motion of a moving body without considering the forces which cause the
motion. Here, the study is made of the relationship between displacement, velocity, acceleration
and time of a given motion without considering the forces which cause the motion.

12. Distinguish between rectilinear and curvilinear motion. (AU Nov/Dec 2010, April/May
R
2008)
When a particle moves along a straight line, then it is called rectilinear motion or translation.
CO
Examples: A car moving on a straight road
A body projected vertically upward
A body falling vertically downward
When a particle moves in a curved path, then it is called curvilinear motion.
Example: A car moving in a curved path in a hill
U

13. Define Law of conservation of energy. (AU Nov/Dec 2009)

The Law of conservation of energy states that " Energy can neither be created nor destroyed though
ST

it can be transformed from one form to another". In other words, Total energy (sum of potential
energy and kinetic energy) possessed by a body remains constant provided no energy is added or
taken from it.

14. Distinguish between curvilinear motion and projectile motion.(AU April May 2009)

When a particle moves along a curved path then it is known as curvilinear motion. It is classified as
.

plane curvilinear (two dimensional) and space curvilinear (Three dimensional) motion.

Projectile is the freely projected particle which moves under the combined effect of vertical and
horizontal motion.

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15. State the principle of conservation of linear momentum. (AU April/May 2008, Nov 2001)

The principle of conservation of linear momentum states that "if there is no external force acting on
the system then the total linear momentum of the system remains constant." This means that the
total momentum of the system before impact is equal to the total momentum of the system after
impact.

16.Distinguish between direct central impact and oblique central impact. (AU May/June
2008)

Direct central impact: If the mass centers of colliding bodies are on the line of impact and
velocities of the bodies are directed along the line of impact, it is called direct central impact.

P
Oblique central impact: If the mass centers of colliding bodies are on the line of impact and

AP
velocities of one or both the bodies are not along the line of impact, it is called oblique central
impact.

17. A car runs with an initial velocity of 30 m/s and uniform acceleration of 3 m/s 2. Find its
velocity after 5 seconds. (AU May/June 2013)

Given: u=30 m/s;

R a = 3 m/s2; t=5s
using the equation, v= u + at
=30 + 3(5)
CO

= 45 m/s
18. A particle moves from rest along a straight line defined by the relationship

x = t3 - 6t2 - 15t, where x is the distance travelled and t is the time in second. Find the velocity
and acceleration at the end of 10 seconds. (AU Nov/Dec 2009)
U

Given: x = t3 - 6t2 - 15t

v= = 3t2 - 12t - 15
ST

a= = 6t - 12
Velocity at t = 10 s; v = 3(102) - 12(10) - 15
= 165 m/s
Acceleration at t = 10 s; a = 6(10) - 12
= 48 m/s2
19. Define uniformly accelerated motion. (AU April/May 2009)
.

Uniform or constant acceleration is a type of motion in which the velocity of an object changes by
an equal amount in every equal time period. A frequently cited example of uniform acceleration is
that of an object in free fall in a uniform gravitational field.

20. What is uniform motion? (AU Nov/Dec 2002)

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Uniform motion is the kind of motion in which a body covers equal distances in equal intervals of
time. It does not matter how small the time intervals are, as long as the distances covered are equal.
If a body is involved in rectilinear motion and the motion is uniform, then the acceleration of the
body must be zero.
21. A small ball is dropped from a height of 19.62 m. At what velocity the ball will strike the
ground? (AU Nov/Dec 2015)
Given: u = 0; h = 19.62 m
using the equation v2 = u2 + 2gh
v= √
v= √
= 19.62 m/s

P
22. A particle is projected into space at an angle of 30˚ to the horizontal at a velocity of 40 m/s.
Find the maximum height reached by the projectile. (AU April/May 2015)

AP
Given: Velocity of projection, u = 40 m/s
Angle of projection, α = 30˚
Maximum height reached by the projectile, hmax
α
hmax
R
= = 20.39 m
CO
23. A stone is dropped from the top of the tower. It strikes the ground after four seconds. Find
the height of the tower. (AU May/June 2014)

Given: Initial velocity, u = 0; Time, t = 4 s

Using the equation, h = ut + (1/2) gt2
h = 0 + (1/2) (9.81) (42)
U

= 78.48 m
24. How will you calculate the linear restoring force of an elastic material? (AU Jan 2003)
ST

The magnitude of the linear restoring force developed by the elastic material is directly proportional
to the displacement of the material from the unreformed position.

F = kx, where F= restoring force; k = stiffness of the material; x = displacement

25. A block having mass of 50 kg has a velocity of 15 m/s horizontally on a smooth frictionless
surface. Determine the value of the horizontal force to be applied to the block for bringing the
.

block to rest in 5 seconds. (AU April/May 2003)

Given: mass, m = 50 kg; initial velocity, u = 15 m/s; time, t = 5 s; final velocity, v = 0

Applying impulse momentum equation,
F x t = m (v – u)

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F x 5 = 50 (0 - 15)
F = -150 N
Negative sign indicates that the Force acts in opposite direction and will bring the mass to rest
position.
PART - B (16 Marks Questions)

26. A ball of mass I kg moving with a velocity of 6 m/s strikes another ball of mass 2kg moving
with a velocity of 2m/s at the instant of impact the velocities of the two balls are parallel and
inclined at 30°to the line joining their centers as shown in figure below.

P
AP
R
If the coefficient of restitution is 0.5, find the velocity and the direction the two balls after impact.
CO
Also calculate the loss in kinetic energy due to impact and the percentage of loss. (AU, Dec‟10,
Jun‟12)

27. Two trains A and B leave the same station on parallel lines. A starts with a uniform acceleration
of 0.15m/s2 and attains the speed of 24 km/hour after which its speed remains constant. B leaves 40
U

seconds later with uniform acceleration of 0.30 m/s2 to attain a maximum of 48 km/hour, its speed
also becomes constant thereafter. When will B overtake A. (AU,Dec‟11,JUN 12)
ST

28. A block and pulley system is shown in fig

below. The coefficient of kinetic friction
between the block and the plane is 0.25. The
pulley is frictionless. Find the acceleration of
the blocks and the tension in the string when
the system is just released. Also find the time
required for 200kg block to come down by
.

2m. (AU, Jun‟09,DEC 11)

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29. Two blocks of weight 150N and 50N are connected by a string,
passing over a frictionless pulley as shown in fig. Predict the velocity
of 150N block after 4 seconds. Also calculate the tension in the string.

P
AP
30. Two bodies one of mass 30kg, moves with a velocity of 9m/s centrally. Solve the velocity of
each body after impact, if the coefficient of restitution is 0.8

31. A ball of mass 2 kg, moving with a velocity of 3 m/s, impinges on a ball of mass 4 kg moving
with a velocity of 1 m/s. The velocities of the two balls are parallel and inclined at 30◦ to the line of
joining their centers at the instant of impact. If the coefficient of restitution is 0.5, Explain
R
CO
U

(i). Direction, in which the 4 kg ball will move after impact; (8)
ST

(ii). Velocity of the 4 kg ball after impact; (2)

(iii). Direction, in which the 2 kg ball will move after impact; (4)
(iv). Velocity of the 2 kg ball after impact. (2)
.

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UNIT V - FRICTION & ELEMENTS OF RIGID BODY DYNAMICS

PART - A (2 Marks Questions and Answers)

1. Define Friction
In practice, no object is perfectly smooth. When two surfaces are in contact with each other, and
one surface tends to move with respect to the other, a tangential force will be developed at the
contact surface, in the opposite direction of motion. This tangential force is called Frictional force
or Friction.
2. What are the types of Friction?
In general, two types of friction can occur between surfaces, namely
 Dry Friction

P
 Static friction
 Dynamic friction

AP
 Sliding friction
 Rolling friction
 Fluid Friction
3. Write about dry friction and its types.
Dry friction refers to the friction which develops between two dry surfaces, slide or tends to slide
R
relative to another. Dry friction is classified into two types. They are,
 Static friction
 Dynamic friction
CO

4. Tell us about the Sliding friction and Rolling friction.

Both the sliding friction and sliding friction comes under the category of the Dynamic friction.
 Sliding friction - It is the friction, experienced by a body during rest
 Rolling friction -
U

It is the friction, experienced by a body during motion

5. Define limiting friction.

ST

The limiting friction is the maximum frictional force that can arise before an object begins to
slide. Typically, it is equal to the product of the static coefficient of friction and the perpendicular
force between the surfaces. It is denoted by the FL or Fm.
.

6. Define Co-efficient of friction

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A coefficient of friction is a value that shows the relationship between the force of friction
between two objects and the normal reaction between the objects. It is a value that is sometimes
used in physics to find an object's normal force or frictional force when other methods aren't
available.

7. Define Angle of friction.

The angle of a plane to the horizontal when a body placed on the plane will just start to slide.
The tangent of the angle of friction is the coefficient of static friction. In other words, the angle
between the resultant and the normal reaction is called angle of friction.

P
AP
8. Write the relationship between the Co-efficient of friction and Angle of friction.
The relationship between the Co-efficient of friction and Angle of friction is,
Limiting friction = Co-efficient of friction x Normal Reaction


R
The coefficient of friction in static state is called as coefficient of static friction( ).
 The coefficient of friction in dynamic state is called as coefficient of dynamic friction( ).
CO

9. Name any three laws of static friction.

The three laws of static friction are,
 The frictional friction always acts in the opposite direction to that the body tends to move.
 The frictional force does not depend on the shape and area of contact of the bodies.
 The friction depends on the degree of roughness of the area of contact between the bodies.
U

10. Name any three laws of Dynamic friction.

The three laws of dynamic friction are,
ST

 The friction always acts in the opposite direction to that the body moves.
 The magnitude of dynamic friction bears a constant ratio to the normal reaction between the two
surfaces.
 Co-efficient of kinetic friction is less that the co-efficient of static friction.
11. Define Impending motion.
When the maximum frictional force (limiting force) is attained and if the applied force exceeds
the limiting friction, then the body starts sliding or rolling. This state is called impending motion. In
.

other words, the state of motion of a body which is just about to move or slide is called impending
motion.

12. Define Angle of repose.

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The angle of the inclined, at which the body tends to slide down is known as angle of
repose. It is denoted by α .
Angle of repose = Angle of Static
α

13. Name some of the engineering applications of simple contact friction.

Some of the engineering applications of simple contact friction are,
 Ladder friction
 Wedge friction
 Screw friction
 Belt friction

P
14. Define Rolling resistance.

AP
When one body is made to roll freely over an another body, a resistance is developed in the
opposite direction, known as rolling resistance. This resistance helps to roll the body without any
slipping or turning of the body. It is developed due to the deformation made by the rolling body
over another body. R
15. What is co-efficient of rolling resistance?
The horizontal distance of point of resistance measured from centre of wheel is known as co-
efficient of rolling resistance. It is represented by "b".
CO

16. Name the types of Plane rigid body motion.

In general there are three types of plane rigid body motion. They are,
U

 Translation
 Rotation about a fixed axis
 General Plane Motion.
ST

17. Write about Translation in rigid body motion.

A rigid body is said to be in translation, if the linear displacement of every point in the rigid
body is the same, ie., the orientation of any line drawn on the body remains unchanged, but its
position is changed.
.

18. What are the types of Translation in rigid body motion.

There are two types of translation in rigid body motion. They are
 Rectilinear translation - the paths of motion are straight lines.
 Curvilinear translation - the paths of motion are congruent curves.

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19. Explain rotation about a fixed axis.

A rigid body is said to be in rotation, if all the particles of the body move along circles
centered on a fixed axis, called axis of rotation. The planes of the circular paths are perpendicular to
the axis of rotation. The common centre of the circular paths may be located either within the body
or outside of it.

20. Narrate about the general plane motion.

A rigid body is said to be in general plane motion, if it undergoes a combination of
translation and rotation. It is neither a pure translation nor a pure rotation. All the particles on the
body translate some distance and also rotate through a certain angle. So, the general plane motion is
a rotation with translation motion.

P
21. Define angular displacement.

AP
Angular displacement is defined as, "the total angle, through which a body has rotated. It is
denoted by " It is expressed in terms of radians. It varies with time.

It is taken positive for anticlockwise rotation and negative for clockwise rotation.
R
22. Write about Angular Velocity.
It is the rate of change of angular displacement of the body. It is expressed in rad/s or rpm. It
is usually denoted by " . In otherwords, if a rotating body describes equal angles in equal
CO
intervals of time, it is known as uniform angular velocity or otherwise known as variable angular
velocity.

23. Define angular acceleration.

U

It is defined as the rate of change of angular velocity. It is expressed in read/s2 and it is

usually denoted by .
ST

24. Define instantaneous center of rotation.

The combined motion of translation and rotation of a body may be treated as a motion of
pure rotation for the sake of simplicity about a centre point known as instantaneous centre. It is
denoted by the symbol IC and it can be either within or outside of the body. It is also called as
.

instant centre of rotation.

25. What are the hints to locate the instantaneous centre.

The steps to be followed in locating instantaneous centre of rotation are detailed below:
 Identify the line of action for velocity of any two points on the rigid body.

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 For each velocity line, draw perpendiculars through the respective points.
 The point of intersection of perpendicular line are drawn in the instantaneous centre "IC"

26. When a screw is said to be self locking?

If the friction angle is larger than the lead angle of screw, the load will be remain in place
even after the removal of effort. This condition is said to be self locking. Most screws are designed to
be self-locking, and in the absence of torque on the shaft will stay at whatever position they are left.
This self-locking property is one reason for the very large use of the screw in threaded
fasteners such as wood screws, sheet metal screws, studs and bolts.

PART - B (16 Marks Questions)

P
27. Two blocks A and B of mass 50 kg and 100 kg respectively are connected by a string C which
passes through a frictionless pulley connected with the fixed wall by another string D as shown in

AP
figure. Find the force P required to pull the block B. Also find the tension in the string D. Take
coefficient of friction at all contact surfaces as 0.3. (AU, Dec‟10, Dec‟11)

R
CO

28. In the engine system shown in figure, the crank AB has a constant clock wise angular speed of 3000
r.p.m.
U
ST

For the crank position indicated, find (i) the angular velocity of the connecting rod BP. (ii) Velocity
of piston P. (AU, Dec‟11, Jun‟10)
29. A ladder of weight 1000N and length 4m rests as shown in
figure below.
.

If a 750 N weight is applied at a distance of 3m from the top

of ladder, it is at the point of Sliding. Determine the
coefficient of friction between ladder and the floor.(AU,
Jun‟10, Apr‟11,Dec‟12)

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30. Block A weighing 1000 N rests on a rough inclined plane whose inclination to the horizontal is 45°.
It is connected to another block B, weighing 3000 N rests on a rough horizontal plane by a
weightless rigid bar inclined at an angle of 30° to the horizontal as shown in fig. Find the horizontal
force required to be applied to the block B just to move the block A in upward direction. Assume
angle of friction as 15° at all surfaces where there is sliding.

P
AP
31. A 7m long ladder rests against a vertical wall, with
which it makes an angle of 45° and on a floor. If a
man whose weight is one half that of the ladder
climbs it, at what distance along the ladder will he
be, when the ladder is about to slip? Take
R
coefficient of friction between the ladder and the
wall is 1/3 and that between the ladder and the floor
CO
is ½.
U

32. Block (2) rests on block (1) and is attached by a

ST

horizontal rope AB to the wall as shown in fig. What

force P is necessary to cause motion of block (1) to
impend? The co-efficient of friction between the blocks
is ¼ and between the floor and block (1) is 1/3. Mass of
blocks (1) and (2) are 14kg and 9 kg respectively.
.

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 Engineering Mechanics

Unit I: Statics of Particles

Mechanics | Basic Quantities | Idealizations | Fundamental Principles in Mechanics | Types of
Forces | Scalars and Vectors | Multiplication of Vector by a Scalar | Vector Addition | Solved
Example & Practice Problems: Vector Addition | Characteristics of a Force (Principle of
Transmissibility) | Force Systems | Units | Two Marks Questions with Answers | Statics of
Particles | Principle of Physical Independence of Forces | Superposition Principle | Resolution
and Composition of Forces: Rectangular Components | Solved Example & Practice Problems:
Resolution and Composition of Forces: Rectangular Components | Triangle Law | Solved
Example & Practice Problems: Triangle law | Parallelogram Law | Solved Example & Practice
Problems: Parallelogram law | Lami's Theorem | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Lami's
theorem | Key Points to Remember while Solving Problems | General Procedure for
Solution | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Magnitude of resultant | Examples for Practice
[magnitude of resultant] | Concept of Equilibrium | Concurrent Force System in Three
Dimensions | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Equilibrium, Concurrent Force System in
Three Dimensions | Two Marks Questions with Answers |

Unit II: Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies

Resultant of Non-concurrent Force System | Moment of Force about a Point | Varignon's
Theorem of Moments | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Moment of Force, Varignon's
Theorem | Couple | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Couple (in Mechanics) | Force-couple
System | Resultant of Non-concurrent Force Systems | General Procedure to Find Resultant of
Non-concurrent Force System | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Resultant of Non-
concurrent Force System | Equivalent / Equipollent Force Systems | Solved Example & Practice
Problems: Equivalent Force Systems | Key Concepts to Remember while Solving
Problem | Solved Examples Problems: Resultant Force | Examples for Practice [resultant
force] | Moment of Force about a Point in Space | Solved Example & Practice Problems:
Moment of Force about a Point in Space | Moment of Force about a Line in Space | Solved
Example & Practice Problems: Moment of Force about a Line in Space | Resultant of General
Non-concurrent Force System | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Resultant of General
Non-concurrent Force System | Resultant of Parallel Space Force System | Solved Example &
Practice Problems: Resultant of Parallel Space Force System | Two Marks Questions with
Answers | Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies | Free Body Diagram | Supports and Their Reactions in a
Plane | Equilibrium of Three Forces in a Plane | Solved Example & Practice Problems:
Equilibrium of Three Forces in a Plane | Beams and Types of Loads on Beams | Equilibrium of
Coplanar Non-Concurrent Force System | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Equilibrium of
Coplanar Non-Concurrent Force System | Support Reactions in Three Dimensions | Equilibrium
of a Rigid Body in Space | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Equilibrium of a Rigid Body in
Space | Two Marks Questions with Answers |

Unit III: Distributed Forces

Centroid | Centre of Gravity, Centre of Mass and Centroid | Solved Example & Practice
Problems: Centre of Gravity, Centre of Mass and Centroid | Centroid of Composite
Areas | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Centroid of Composite Areas | Pappus-Guldinus
Theorems | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Pappus-Guldinus Theorems | Two Marks
Questions with Answers | Moment of Inertia of Plane Area | Radius of Gyration | Perpendicular
Axes Theorem (Area Moment of Inertia) | Parallel Axes Theorem (Area Moment of
Inertia) | Moment of Inertia by Integration (From First Principles) | Moment of Inertia of
Composite Areas | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Moment of Inertia of Composite
Areas | Two Marks Questions with Answers | University Question with Answer | Mass Moment
of Inertia | Moment of Inertia of Mass | Mass Moment of Inertia and Area Moment of
Inertia | Parallel Axis Theorem (Mass Moment of Inertia) | Solved Example & Practice Problems:
Mass Moment of Inertia | Mass Moment of Inertia of Composite Bodies | Solved Example &
Practice Problems: Mass Moment of Inertia of Composite Bodies | Two Marks Questions with
Answers |

Unit IV: Friction

Friction | Dry Friction and Coefficients of Friction | Laws of Static Friction | Laws of Kinetic
Friction | Angle of Friction and Resultant Reaction | Laws of Static Friction | Laws of Kinetic
Friction | Angle of Friction and Resultant Reaction | Problems Involving Dry Friction | Solved
Example & Practice Problems: Dry Friction | Ladder Friction | Solved Example & Practice
Problems: Ladder Friction | Rolling Friction (Rolling Resistance) | Belt Friction (Flat
Belts) | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Belt Friction | Wedge Friction | Solved Example &
Practice Problems: Wedge Friction | Two Marks Questions with Answers |

Unit V: Dynamics of Particles

Introduction to Rectilinear Motion | Kinematics - Rectilinear Motion | Kinetics - Newton's second
law of Motion | Kinetics - Energy and Momentum Methods | Introduction to Curvilinear
Motion | Position, Velocity and Acceleration in Curvilinear Motion | Rectangular
Components | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Rectangular Components | Projectile
Motion | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Projectile Motion | Normal and Tangential
Components (Path Variables) | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Normal and Tangential
Components (Path Variables) | Radial and Transverse Components (Polar Co-
ordinates) | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Radial and Transverse Components (Polar
Co-ordinates) | Kinetics of Curvilinear Motion | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Kinetics of
Curvilinear Motion | Motion of Vehicles on Unbanked Curved Roads | Solved Example &
Practice Problems: Motion of Vehicles on Unbanked Curved Roads | Motion of Vehicles on
Banked Curved Roads | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Motion of Vehicles on Banked
Curved Roads | Two Marks Questions with Answers | University Question with Answer |

University Question Papers

Solved University Question Papers December-2017 | Solved University Question Papers May-
2018 | Solved University Question Papers May-2019 | Solved University Question Papers
December-2019 |
 Anna University Mech-Reg 2021
1st Semester 2nd Semester 3rd Semester

Transforms and Partial

Professionsal English I Professional English II
Differential Equations
Statistics and Numerical
Matrices and Calculas Engineering Mechanics
Methods
Engineering Graphics Engineering Thermodynamics
Engineering Physics
Fluid Mechanics and
Materials Science
Machinery
Engineering Chemistry
Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering Materials and
Engineering Metallurgy
Problem Solving & Python
Programming Manufacturing Processes

4th Semester 5th Semester 6th Semester

Design of Machine Heat and Mass Transfer
Theory of Machines Elements
Thermal Engineering Professional Elective IV
Matrology and
Measurements
Hydraulics and
Professional Elective V
Pneumatics
Professional Elective
Manufacturing I Professional Elective VI
Technology
Professional Elective Professional Elective VII
Strength of Materials II

Environmental Sciences Professional Elective Mandatory Course II

& Sustainability III
Open Elective I
Mandatory Course I

7th Semester 8th Semester

Mechatronics and IoT
Computer Integrated Project Work
ECE CSE
Manufacturing
Human Values & Ethics EEE Click on clouds to navigate
Industrial Management other departments
Open Elective II

Open Elective III MECH CIVIL

Open Elective IV
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 Engineering Mechanics

Unit I: Statics of Particles

Mechanics | Basic Quantities | Idealizations | Fundamental Principles in Mechanics | Types of
Forces | Scalars and Vectors | Multiplication of Vector by a Scalar | Vector Addition | Solved
Example & Practice Problems: Vector Addition | Characteristics of a Force (Principle of
Transmissibility) | Force Systems | Units | Two Marks Questions with Answers | Statics of
Particles | Principle of Physical Independence of Forces | Superposition Principle | Resolution
and Composition of Forces: Rectangular Components | Solved Example & Practice Problems:
Resolution and Composition of Forces: Rectangular Components | Triangle Law | Solved
Example & Practice Problems: Triangle law | Parallelogram Law | Solved Example & Practice
Problems: Parallelogram law | Lami's Theorem | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Lami's
theorem | Key Points to Remember while Solving Problems | General Procedure for
Solution | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Magnitude of resultant | Examples for Practice
[magnitude of resultant] | Concept of Equilibrium | Concurrent Force System in Three
Dimensions | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Equilibrium, Concurrent Force System in
Three Dimensions | Two Marks Questions with Answers |

Unit II: Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies

Resultant of Non-concurrent Force System | Moment of Force about a Point | Varignon's
Theorem of Moments | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Moment of Force, Varignon's
Theorem | Couple | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Couple (in Mechanics) | Force-couple
System | Resultant of Non-concurrent Force Systems | General Procedure to Find Resultant of
Non-concurrent Force System | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Resultant of Non-
concurrent Force System | Equivalent / Equipollent Force Systems | Solved Example & Practice
Problems: Equivalent Force Systems | Key Concepts to Remember while Solving
Problem | Solved Examples Problems: Resultant Force | Examples for Practice [resultant
force] | Moment of Force about a Point in Space | Solved Example & Practice Problems:
Moment of Force about a Point in Space | Moment of Force about a Line in Space | Solved
Example & Practice Problems: Moment of Force about a Line in Space | Resultant of General
Non-concurrent Force System | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Resultant of General
Non-concurrent Force System | Resultant of Parallel Space Force System | Solved Example &
Practice Problems: Resultant of Parallel Space Force System | Two Marks Questions with
Answers | Equilibrium of Rigid Bodies | Free Body Diagram | Supports and Their Reactions in a
Plane | Equilibrium of Three Forces in a Plane | Solved Example & Practice Problems:
Equilibrium of Three Forces in a Plane | Beams and Types of Loads on Beams | Equilibrium of
Coplanar Non-Concurrent Force System | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Equilibrium of
Coplanar Non-Concurrent Force System | Support Reactions in Three Dimensions | Equilibrium
of a Rigid Body in Space | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Equilibrium of a Rigid Body in
Space | Two Marks Questions with Answers |

Unit III: Distributed Forces

Centroid | Centre of Gravity, Centre of Mass and Centroid | Solved Example & Practice
Problems: Centre of Gravity, Centre of Mass and Centroid | Centroid of Composite
Areas | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Centroid of Composite Areas | Pappus-Guldinus
Theorems | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Pappus-Guldinus Theorems | Two Marks
Questions with Answers | Moment of Inertia of Plane Area | Radius of Gyration | Perpendicular
Axes Theorem (Area Moment of Inertia) | Parallel Axes Theorem (Area Moment of
Inertia) | Moment of Inertia by Integration (From First Principles) | Moment of Inertia of
Composite Areas | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Moment of Inertia of Composite
Areas | Two Marks Questions with Answers | University Question with Answer | Mass Moment
of Inertia | Moment of Inertia of Mass | Mass Moment of Inertia and Area Moment of
Inertia | Parallel Axis Theorem (Mass Moment of Inertia) | Solved Example & Practice Problems:
Mass Moment of Inertia | Mass Moment of Inertia of Composite Bodies | Solved Example &
Practice Problems: Mass Moment of Inertia of Composite Bodies | Two Marks Questions with
Answers |

Unit IV: Friction

Friction | Dry Friction and Coefficients of Friction | Laws of Static Friction | Laws of Kinetic
Friction | Angle of Friction and Resultant Reaction | Laws of Static Friction | Laws of Kinetic
Friction | Angle of Friction and Resultant Reaction | Problems Involving Dry Friction | Solved
Example & Practice Problems: Dry Friction | Ladder Friction | Solved Example & Practice
Problems: Ladder Friction | Rolling Friction (Rolling Resistance) | Belt Friction (Flat
Belts) | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Belt Friction | Wedge Friction | Solved Example &
Practice Problems: Wedge Friction | Two Marks Questions with Answers |

Unit V: Dynamics of Particles

Introduction to Rectilinear Motion | Kinematics - Rectilinear Motion | Kinetics - Newton's second
law of Motion | Kinetics - Energy and Momentum Methods | Introduction to Curvilinear
Motion | Position, Velocity and Acceleration in Curvilinear Motion | Rectangular
Components | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Rectangular Components | Projectile
Motion | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Projectile Motion | Normal and Tangential
Components (Path Variables) | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Normal and Tangential
Components (Path Variables) | Radial and Transverse Components (Polar Co-
ordinates) | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Radial and Transverse Components (Polar
Co-ordinates) | Kinetics of Curvilinear Motion | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Kinetics of
Curvilinear Motion | Motion of Vehicles on Unbanked Curved Roads | Solved Example &
Practice Problems: Motion of Vehicles on Unbanked Curved Roads | Motion of Vehicles on
Banked Curved Roads | Solved Example & Practice Problems: Motion of Vehicles on Banked
Curved Roads | Two Marks Questions with Answers | University Question with Answer |

University Question Papers

Solved University Question Papers December-2017 | Solved University Question Papers May-
2018 | Solved University Question Papers May-2019 | Solved University Question Papers
December-2019 |
 Anna University Mech-Reg 2021
1st Semester 2nd Semester 3rd Semester

Transforms and Partial

Professionsal English I Professional English II
Differential Equations
Statistics and Numerical
Matrices and Calculas Engineering Mechanics
Methods
Engineering Graphics Engineering Thermodynamics
Engineering Physics
Fluid Mechanics and
Materials Science
Machinery
Engineering Chemistry
Basic Electrical and Electronics Engineering Materials and
Engineering Metallurgy
Problem Solving & Python
Programming Manufacturing Processes

4th Semester 5th Semester 6th Semester

Design of Machine Heat and Mass Transfer
Theory of Machines Elements
Thermal Engineering Professional Elective IV
Matrology and
Measurements
Hydraulics and
Professional Elective V
Pneumatics
Professional Elective
Manufacturing I Professional Elective VI
Technology
Professional Elective Professional Elective VII
Strength of Materials II

Environmental Sciences Professional Elective Mandatory Course II

& Sustainability III
Open Elective I
Mandatory Course I

7th Semester 8th Semester

Mechatronics and IoT
Computer Integrated Project Work
ECE CSE
Manufacturing
Human Values & Ethics EEE Click on clouds to navigate
Industrial Management other departments
Open Elective II

Open Elective III MECH CIVIL

Open Elective IV
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Iril] Iilillilfl illll ilil ]illlil Reg.No.:

Question Paper code : 50655

B. E./8. Tech.
EGREE DGIVIINATION, NOVEMB ER/D E CEMBER 20 L7
D
Second Semester
Civil Engineering
_
GE 6253 ENGINEERING MECHANICS
(Common to Mechanical Engineering (Sandwich), Aeronautical Engineering,
Agriculture Engineering, Automobile Engineering, Environmental Eirgirreeri"rrg,
Geoinformatics_ Enginee ring, Induottial Engir""*irrg, Industrial Engine ering aid
Management, Manufacturing Engineering, Marine Engineering, Materials Science
and Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Mechanical and Automation
Engineering, Mechatronics Engineering, Petrochemical Engineering, Prod.uction
Engineering, Robotics and Automation Engineering, Chemical Engineedrg,
Chemical and Electrochemical Engineering, Fashion Technolory, Food TechnJiogSr,
Ha ndloo m and Textile Technolo gy, Petroche mical Te chnoio gy, Pe trole um
Engineering, Pharmaceutical Technology, Plastic Technolosy, Poli*er Technolory,
Textile Chemistry, Textile Technology, Textile Technotoslr ifashiol Technology)
(Regulations 2013)
Time : Three Hours ]n
PaPer' co Maximum: 100 Marks
ftw{ . reccntquestion
AnswerALL questions.

PART _ A (10x2=20 Marks)

1. State the polygon law of forces.

2. State the principle oftransmissibility.

3. State and prove Varignon's theorem.

4. sketch the free body diagram for the cylinder B shown in fi.gure.

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J acc$tqueetlot\
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5. By using Pappus theorem, determine the volume of sphere having radius r.

6. State the relationship between the second moment of area and mass moment of
inertia for a uniform plate.

7. Equation of motion of a body is s = 5tB + 4ta + 3t + 2. Find velocity and acceleration.

8. Define Instantaneous velocity.

I Gotrl
Papef
9. Define Rolling Resistance. trfw rcccntqucstion
.

10. Define Coefficient of Friction.

PART - B (5x16=80 Marks)

11. a) Three links PQ, QR and RS connected as shown in Fig. 11 (a) support loads W
and 50 N. Find the weight W and the force in each link ifthe system remains in
equilibrium.

?a?ct'Go$

J agc$tqucatro$
(oR) SlNl

b) Two identical rollers each of weight 2.5 kN rest in between an inclined wall and
avertical wall as shown in Fig. 11 (b). Determine the reactions at the points of
contact P, Q and R. Assume the wall surfaces to be smooth.

Fis. 11 (b)
Iilliltililtilfl lil] ilil lilt III| -,J-
f't
50655
1,2. a) Reduce the given system of foices acting on the beam AB in figure, 12 (a) to
(i) an equivalent force couple system at A (ii) an equivalent force couple system
at B.

1200 N 200 N

Fig. L2 (a)
(oR)

b) Find the pin reaction of A and the Roller reaction at B. For the beam shown in
Fie. 12 (b).

mm:

L2 (b)

13. d Determine the second moment of area of a triangle about its base and along the
axis passing through the centre of gravity. r.

papcr' cofil
IIlftiJ . reccntquestirn

b) tr'ind the mass moment of inertial of the rectangular block shown in figure 13 G),
about the vertical y axis.Acuboid of 20 rnm x 20 mm x 20 mm has been removed
from the rectangularblock as shown in figure. The mass density of the material
of the block is 7850 kg/m3.

Fis. 13 (b)
 l-
50655 -4- r lllilt Iilil illl ]lll lllll llll llll

L4. a) A body moves along a straight-Iine so that its displacement from a fi.xed point
on the line is given by s = 4ts - 6tz + 20. Find the displacement, velocity and
acceleration at the end of3 seconds.
(OR) f,Uuy{.roGc;l1qutsb$.n
papcr.ccm.
b) A particle starting from rest, moves in a straight line and its acceleration is
given by a = 50 36t2 m/s2 where t is in sec. Determine the velocity of the
-
particle when it has traveled 52 m.

15. a) Two block of mass 20 kg and 40 kg are connected by a rope passing over a
frictionless pulley as shown in figure (a). Assuming the coefficient of friction as
0.3 for all contact surfaces. Find the tension in the string and the acceleration
of the system. Also compute the velocity of the system after 4 seconds starting
from rest.

Fig. 15 (a)
-.-.restrespaper'coq'
(oR) filfst 'recentQuo!
b) A body weighing 196.2 N slides up a 30" inclined plane under the action of an
applied force 300 N parallel to be plane. The coefficient of friction is 0.2. the
body move from rest. Determine at the end of 4 seconds, the acceleration, distance
traveled, velocity, kinetic energ:y, work done, momentum and impulse applied
on the body.
.
The free body diagram is drawn as shown in fig. 15 G)

-'\

s
.fd'
Fis. 15 (b) -d$
(et',
 Ws11

www.vidyarthiplus.com

Reg. No. :

Question Paper Code : 27275

B.E./B.Tech. DEGREE EXAMINATION, NOVEMBER/DECEMBER 2015.

Second Semester

Civil Engineering

QP
GE 6253 — ENGINEERING MECHANICS

(Common to all branches except Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Electronics

and Instrumentation Engineering, Instrumentation and Control Engineering,
Biomedical Engineering, Computer and Communication Engineering, Computer
Science and Engineering, Electronics and Communication Engineering, Medical
Electronics and Information Technology)

(Regulations 2013)

Time : Three hours E Answer ALL questions.

PART A — (10 × 2 = 20 marks)

Maximum : 100 marks
CO
1. State Polygon law of forces.

2. State the equations of equilibrium of a coplanar system of forces.

3. Give the different types of support in beams.

4. Define principle of transmissibility.

5. State the theorems of Pappus and Guldinus to find out the surface area and
AU

volume of a body.

6. Write the expression for centroid of hemisphere and circular lamina.

7. What is the frictional force generated when a body of mass 10kg resting on a
horizontal plane subjected to a horizontal force p in earth gravitational field, if
the coefficient of friction is 0.25.

8. A body of weight 150N rest on a horizontal plane. If a horizontal force of 50N

can just move it, then what will be the value of coefficient of friction.

9. A small ball is dropped from a height of 19.62 m. At what velocity the ball will
strike the ground.

10. Define instantaneous centre of rotation.

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 Ws11

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PART B — (5 × 16 = 80 marks)

11. (a) A system of four forces acting on a body is as shown in Fig. 11 (a).
Determine the resultant forces and its direction. (16)
120 N
y
200 N
4 5
5
3 1
O
2
x
60°
40 °

50 N
100 N

QP
Fig. 11 (a)
Or

(b) Determine the tension in the cables AB and AC required to hold the 40kg
crate as shown in Fig. 11 (b) (16)

E 20°

30°
450 N
CO
40 kg

Fig. 11 (b)
12. (a) A frame supported at A and B is subjected to a force of 500 N as shown in
Fig. 12(a). Compute the reactions at the support points for the cases of
θ = 0o ,θ = 60o , θ = 90o . (16)
AU

500N

500mm 500mm

600mm Roller support

Hinged support

Fig. 12 (a)

Or

2 27275

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 Ws11

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(b) Find the support reactions of the beam loaded as shown in Fig.12 (b). (16)

45°

135°

Fig. 12 (b)
13. (a) For the plane area shown in Fig. 13(a), locate the centroid of
the area. (16)

QP
Fig. 13(a)
Or
(b) Find the Moment of Inertia of the section shown in Fig. 13(b) about
horizontal and vertical axes through the centroid. Also determine the
principle moment of inertia. (16)

E
CO
(All dimensions in mm)

Fig. 13(b)
14. (a) (i) Define angle of friction and angle of repose. (4)
(ii) A ladder is 8 m long and weighs 300. The centre of gravity of the
ladder is 3m along the length of ladder from the bottom end. The
ladder rests against a vertical wall at B and on the horizontal floor
at A as shown in Fig. 14 (a). Determine the safe height up to which
AU

a man weighing 900N can climb without making the ladder slip.
The co-efficient of friction between ladder and floor is 0.4 and
ladder top and wall is 0.3. B (12)

Fig. 14 (a)
Or

3 27275

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 Ws11

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(b) (i) A car starts from rest and accelerates uniformly to a speed of
80 kmph over a distance of 500m. Find time and acceleration.
Further acceleration raises the speed to 96 kmph in 10 seconds.
Find the acceleration and distance. Brakes are applied to bring the
car to rest under uniform retardation in 5 seconds. Find the
distance covered during braking. (8)
(ii) A projectile is thrown with a velocity of 5 m/s at elevation of 60° to
the horizontal. Find the velocity of another projectile thrown at an
elevation of 45° which will have (1) equal horizontal range (2) equal
maximum height (3) equal time of flight with the first. (8)

15. (a) The two blocks of mass 20kg and 40kg are connected by a rope passing
over a friction less pulley as shown in Fig. 15(a). Assuming co-efficient of

QP
friction as 0.3 for all contact surfaces. Find the tension in the string,
acceleration of the system. Also compute the velocity of the system after
4 second starting from the rest. (16)

E Fig. 15(a)

Or
CO
(b) An inextensible string passing over a smooth pulley as shown in
Fig. 15(b) joining two blocks. If the blocks are released simultaneously
from rest, determine the velocity of block A after it has moved over 2 m
and the tension in the string. Assume the co-efficient of friction at the
contact surface is 0.2 . Use energy principle. (16)
AU

Fig. 15(b)

—————————

4 27275

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