Page 1 of 5 CPP - SANKALP_HT–9-PH-III

CPP
HEAT & THERMODYNAMICS - SHEET: 9
LEVEL – I
1. In a steady state, the temperature at the end A and B of 20 cm long rod AB are 1000C and 00C. Find the
temperature of a point 9 cm from A.

3. One end of a rod, enclosed in a thermally insulating sheath, is kept at a temperature T1 while the other, at T2.
The rod is composed of two sections whose lengths are  1 and  2 and heat conductivity coefficients x1 and
x2. Find the temperature of the interface.

4. Two rods whose lengths are  1 and  2 and heat conductivity coefficients x1 and x2 are placed end to end.
Find the heat conductivity coefficient of a uniform rod of length  1 +  2 whose conductivity is the same as that
of the system of these two rods. The lateral surfaces of the rods are assumed to be thermally insulated.

5. A brass boiler has a base area of 0.15 m2 and thickness 1.0 cm. It boils water at the rate of 6.0 kg/min when
placed on a gas stove. Estimate the temperature of the part of the flame in contact with the boiler. Thermal
conductivity of brass = 109 J s–1 m–1 K–1; Heat of vaporisation of water = 2256 × 103 J kg–1.

6. Ice starts freezing in a lake with water at 00C when the atmospheric temperature is –100C. If the time taken
for 1 cm of ice to be formed is 12 mins, find the time taken for the thickenss of the ice to change from 1 cm to
2 cm is
(a) >24 min (b) >12 min
(c) <12 min (d) =12 min

7. Three rods of identical cross sectional area and made from the same C
material form the sides of an equilateral triangle. The point A and B
are maintained at T and 2T respectively. In steady state, find the
temperature of point C. (Assuming only heat conduction takes place).

A B

0 0
8. Three rods A, B and C of same material and same cross sectional area XC 100 C
A
having lengths in the ratio 3 : 3: 2 are connected as shown. If the open B

end of rods A, B and C are maintained at temperature X0C, 1000C and

00C respectively and the temperature of the junction J is observed to be
480C. Find x. J

0
0C

9. Two plates of same thickness form a composite insulating plate, the temperature on one side of which is 0°C
and that on the other side is 60°C, If the ratio of thermal conductivities is 3 : 1 and more conducting plate
faces 0°C, Find the temperature of the interface.

10. A house window has a glass plate 1m wide, 1.5 m high and 1mm thick. If the inner and outer faces of the
glass plates were at 20°C and 10°C respectively, find the heat lost by conduction through the window
(assuming thermal conductivity of glass to be 0.8 Wm°C).

11. Three pieces of metallic heat conductors X, Y, Z of equal lengths 0C 100C
and cross-sectional area are connected in series as shown in X Y Z
figure. Ends A and D are maintained at 0C and 100C
A B C D
respectively. If Y is made up of same material as that of Z, point B
is at 20C. What will be the temp of B, if Y is made up of a
material same as that of X. Consider only conduction and laterally
insulated surfaces of conductors.

12. Match the following

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Page 2 of 5 CPP - SANKALP_HT–9-PH-III
Column – I Column – II
(Mode of heat transfer) (Probable medium)
(A) Conduction (p) Liquid
(B) Convection (q) Gas
(C) Radiation (r) Solid
(D) Electromagnetic wave (s) Vacuum

13. Three identical metal rods A, B and C are placed end to end and a temperature difference is maintained
between the ends of A and C. If the thermal conductivity of B(KB) is twice that of C(KC) and half that of A(KA),
find the effective thermal conductivity of the system.

14. The diameter of a rod is given by d = d0 (1 + ax), where a is a constant and x is the distance from one end. If
the thermal conductivity of the material is k, what is the thermal resistance of the rod if its length is 

TA TB
15. Two rods of same length and cross sectional area are
2K K
joined in series. Thermal conductivity of rods are in
the ratio of 2 : 1. The ends are maintained at O x
temperatures TA and TB respectively, where TA < TB;
and the sides are thermally insulated. Which of the following graph best represents temperature gradient
 dT 
 dx  against distance x in steady state?
 
(A) dT/dx (B) dT/dx

L 2L x L 2L x
(C) dT/dx (D) dT/dx

L 2L x L 2L x

LEVEL – II

1. A rod of length  with thermally insulated lateral surface consists of material whose heat conductivity
coefficient varies with temperature as x = /T, where  is a constant. The ends of the rod are kept at
temperatures T1 and T2. Find the function T (x), where x is the distance from the end whose temperature is T1,
and the heat flow density.

2. Two chunks of metal with heat capacities C1 and C2 are interconnected by a rod of length  and cross-
sectional area S and fairly low heat conductivity x. The whole system is thermally insulated from the
environment. At a moment t = 0 the temperature difference between the two chunks of metal equals (T)0.
Assuming the heat capacity of the rod to be negligible, find the temperature difference between the chunks as
a function of time.

3. Find the temperature distribution in a substance placed between two parallel plates kept at temperatures T1
and T2. The plate separation is equal to  , the heat conductivity coefficient of the substance x  T .

4. Find the temperature distribution in the space between two coaxial cylinders of radii R1 and R2 filled with a
uniform heat conducting substance if the temperatures of the cylinders are constant and are equal to T1 and
T2 respectively.

5. A constant electric current flows along a uniform wire with cross-sectional radius R and heat conductivity
coefficient x. A unit volume of the wire generates a thermal power w. Find the temperature distribution across
the wire provided the steady-state temperature at the wire surface is equal to T0.
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Page 3 of 5 CPP - SANKALP_HT–9-PH-III

6. A wall consists of alternating blocks with a length d and coefficient of thermal d

conductivity 1 = 2 W/mK and 2 = 4 W/mK. The cross-sectional areas of the blocks
are the same. Find the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the wall (in W/mK). 1
2
T1 T2
1
2

7. Two similar rods are joined as shown in figure. Then, find the 50C
temperature of junction. (assume no heat loss through lateral
surface of rod and temperatures at the ends are shown in
steady state) /2

100C  0C
 2 / 3
3 /2

50C
8. One end of an uniform rod of length 1 m is placed in boiling water while its other end is placed in melting ice.
A point P on the rod is maintained at a constant temperature of 800C. The mass of steam produced per
second is equal to the mass of ice melted per second. If latent heat of steam is 7 times the latent heat of ice.
What is the distance of P from the steam chamber.
9. Consider thick hollow sphere of inner radius R and outer radius 2R with inner surface maintained at 600 K and
the outer surface at 300 K. Assume that the material of sphere has uniform thermal conductivity. If the
temperature at radius 1.5R can be written as n(100)K, then find the value of n.

10. In steady state rate of heat flow through rod of variable thermal
conductivity shown in the figure is 6000 W. Area of cross section
of rod in m2 varies with x according to relation A(x) = (1 – x), x
Q
while temperature in Kelvin of rod is T(x) = 300 (1 – 4x – x3) (K)
find thermal conductivity (in watt/m Kelvin) of rod at x = 0.
(Thermal conductivity depends only on x).
x1=0 x=0.5m

11. The container A is constantly maintained at 100°C and insulated container B of the figure initially contains ice
at 0°C. Different rods are used to connect them. For a

rod made of copper, it takes 30 minutes for the ice to melt and for a rod of steel of same cross-section taken
in different experiment, it takes 60 minutes for ice to melt. When these rods are simultaneously connected in
parallel, the ice melts in:

A B
(A) 15 minutes (B) 20 minutes
(C) 45 minutes (D) 90 minutes

12. Three metallic blocks A, B and C have masses m, m and 2m respectively.

A
Specific heat of A, B and C are C, 2C and C respectively. Initial temperature of
A, B and C are 10C, 5C and 5C respectively. Now, the 3 blocks are
connected by 3 identical rods as shown. Find the final temperature of block A
on Celsius Scale. (Neglect any heat loss due to radiation)

B C

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Page 4 of 5 CPP - SANKALP_HT–9-PH-III

CPP
HEAT & THERMODYNAMICS - SHEET: 9
ANSWERS
LEVEL – I

dQ 1 (20 /100)
1. = (100- 0) … (i)
dt k A
dQ 1 (9 / 100)
 (100   … (ii)
dt k A
from (i) and (ii),  = 550C

3. T  (x1T1 /  1  x 2 T2 /  2 ) /(x1 /  1  x 2 /  2 )

4. x  ( 1   2 ) /(  1 / x1   2 / x 2 )
5. 238oC

6. A

3
7. T
2

8. 680C

9. 15°C

10. 12 kw

11. 25C

12. (A) (p, q, r), (B) (p, q), (C) (p, q, r, s), (D) (p, q, r, s)

13. 6KB/7
Note that thermal resistance is (L/Ka)

4
14.
kd  a  1
2
0

15. D
H1 = H2
 dT   dT 
 2kA    kA  dx 
 dx 1  2

LEVEL – II

1. T(x)  T1(T2 / T1 )x /  ; q  (  /  ) ln (T2 / T1 ).

2. T = (T)0 e–t, where  = (1/C1 + 1/C2) Sx/ 

3. T = T1 {1 + (r/  ) [(T2/T1)3/2 - 1]}2/3, where r is the distance from the plate maintained at the temperature T1.
T2  T1 r
4. T  T1  ln
ln(R2  R1 ) R1

5. T  T0  (R 2  r 2 )w / 4x .
6. 3

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Page 5 of 5 CPP - SANKALP_HT–9-PH-III
 
Q1 = 1  T1  T0  A and Q2 = 2  T1  T0  A
d d
Q = Q1 + Q2
   2 
= 1
2

7. 58.8C

8. 1/9 m

9. 4
4nK(600  T) 4K(T  300)
=
1 1 1 1
 
R 1.5R 1.5R 2R
 T = 400 K

10. 5
dT
 KA  6000
dx
6000
 K

1  x  300 4  3x 2 
at x = 0
K = 5.
11. B
12. 6
In steady state let T be the temperature of all the three blocks.
mC(T  10) + 2mC(T 5) + 2mC(T 5) = 0

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