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Electromagnetic Waves Unit 3 AK

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29 views13 pages

Electromagnetic Waves Unit 3 AK

Uploaded by

Shirin Razdan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Course Branch Subject Name with Code Semester Assignment

Name Unit No.


B.Tech. ECE Electromagnetic Waves (IEC-504) 5 3

Name Arti Kak Student Id SVU66580724

Objective types Questions – Answers (1 Mark each)


1. Total internal reflection occurs when the wave is incident at an angle:

(a) Less than the critical angle


(b) Greater than the critical angle
(c) Equal to the Brewster's angle
(d) At 90 degrees to the interface

Ans. (b) Greater than the critical angle

2. Polarization of a wave refers to:


(a) The amplitude of the wave
(b) The speed of propagation
(c) The frequency of the wave
(d) The direction of the electric field vector

Ans. (d) The direction of the electric field vector

3. At a conducting boundary, the tangential component of the electric field


(a) Becomes zero
(b) Remains continuous
(c) Becomes equal to the normal component of the magnetic field
(d) Increases exponentially

Ans. (a) Becomes zero

4. When a plane wave passes through a dielectric interface, the angle of refraction is determined by:
(a) Ampere’s Law
(b) Faraday’s Law
(c) Snell’s Law
(d) Kirchhoff’s Law

Ans. (c) Snell’s Law


5. The Brewster angle is the angle at which:
(a) Reflected wave is linearly polarized parallel to the interface.
(b) The reflected wave is linearly polarized perpendicular to the interface
(c) Incident wave is polarized circularly
(d) Transmitted wave is unpolarized

Ans. (a) Reflected wave is linearly polarized parallel to the interface.

Very Short Questions– Answers (2 Marks each)


1. Write down the value of α and β for plane waves in lossy (imperfect) dielectrics.
Ans. For plane waves propagating in lossy (imperfect) dielectrics, the attenuation constant (α) and the phase
constant (β) are derived from the complex propagation constant (γ):

Where:
• ω=2πf: Angular frequency of the wave.
• μ: Permeability of the medium.
• ϵ=ϵrϵ0: Permittivity of the medium (ϵr: relative permittivity).
• σ: Conductivity of the medium.
Values of α and β:

2. Write down the loss tangent value for good dielectric and good conductor.
Ans. The loss tangent (tan δ) is a measure of the relative importance of conduction and dielectric losses in a
material. It is given by:
Where:
• σ: Conductivity of the material (S/m).
• ω=2πf: Angular frequency of the wave.
• ϵ=ϵrϵ0: Permittivity of the material.

For a Good Dielectric:


• A good dielectric has very low conductivity (σ) and primarily exhibits dielectric losses.
• Thus, tan δ ≪ 1 for a good dielectric because σ ≪ ωϵ.
• Example: Dry air, glass, and Teflon.

For a Good Conductor:


• A good conductor has very high conductivity (σ) and primarily exhibits conduction losses.
• In this case, tan δ ≫ 1 because σ ≫ ωϵ.
• Example: Metals like copper and silver.

3. What is the intensity of an electromagnetic wave with peak electric field strength of 125 V/m2? (Ans:
20.7 W/m2)

Ans. To calculate the intensity of an electromagnetic wave, we use the formula:


4. If medium 1 is a perfect dielectric and medium 2 is a perfect conductor, what are the values of ɳ1, ɳ2,
and T?
Ans.
5. Give the relation between the reflection coefficient (τ) and the transmission coefficient (T).

Ans.
Long Questions- Answers (7 Marks each)

1. Explain the electric and magnetic fields for plane waves in a free space medium.

Ans.
2. Explain the behavior of plane waves at the interface of two media; derive the reflection coefficient (τ)
and transmission coefficient (T) in terms of η1 and η2.

Ans.
3. Write only the values of σ, α, β, ɳ, υ, µ, Ɛ for a plane wave in free space with their units, respectively.

Ans.
4. Prove mathematically that the intensity of transmitted light through the polarizer is half that of incident
light.
Ans.
5. Explain TIR and Brewster Angle in brief.

Ans.

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