Scribd
Upload
10 views3 pages

Day - 2 Everything About Networking

Uploaded by

sasidharreddy9873
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
10 views3 pages

Day - 2 Everything About Networking

Uploaded by

sasidharreddy9873
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 3

day -- 2

Computers are basically connected through topology.


Topology is the arrangement that is used to connect computer and network devices.
types of topology are BUS, RING, STAR, MESH.
This is done in 2 ways. The first MAC (Media Access Control) address,
also known as the hardware or physical address, is given to a NIC (Network Interface Card)
by the manufacturer. It is a 48-bit address notation given to card in the
format XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX, where X can be any digit between 0-9, A-F.

how the devices are identified in a network.

Second, with the use of IP (Internet Protocol) address or logical address.


It has version 4 and version 6. This is given by a user/network admin,
in the 32-bit binary format (IPv4), typically represented in decimal format A.A.A.A
where A can be any decimal number between 0-255. In IPv6 has an address space of 128 bits,
represented in 8 blocks of XXXX separated by a colon (:), where each X (hexadecimal digit)
corresponds to its binary representation.

Class A – starting with number 1 to 126, for e.g., 10.10.10.10, 125.15.145.254


The Fixed Subnet mask is 255.0.0.0.

IP addresses belonging to class A are assigned to the networks that


contain a large number of hosts.

The network ID is 8 bits long.


The host ID is 24 bits long.

Class B – starting with number 128 to 191, for e.g., 172.25.96.210, 129.0.1.10
The Fixed Subnet mask is 255.255.0.0.

IP address belonging to class B is assigned to networks that range


from medium-sized to large-sized networks.

The network ID is 16 bits long.


The host ID is 16 bits long.

Class C – starting with number 192 to 223, for e.g., 192.168.1.1, 201.222.210.22
Fixed subnet mask is 255.255.255.0

IP addresses belonging to class C are assigned to small-sized networks.

The network ID is 24 bits long.


The host ID is 8 bits long.
Class D – starting with number 224 to 239. IP addresses in this class are used for multicast.
No subnet mask is required for Class D IPv4 addresses.

IP addresses belonging to class D are reserved for multi-casting.


The higher-order bits of the first octet of IP addresses belonging to class D is
always set to 1110. The remaining bits are for the address that interested hosts recognize.

Class E – starting with number 240 to 255. This class is reserved for experimental purposes.
IP addresses belonging to class E are reserved for experimental and research purposes.

basic network commands


IPCONFIG

ipconfig (standing for "Internet Protocol configuration") is a console application


program of some computer operating systems that displays all current TCP/IP network
configuration values and refreshes Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and
Domain Name System (DNS) settings.

PING
A ping (Packet Internet or Inter-Network Groper) is a basic Internet program
that allows a user to test and verify if a particular destination IP address
exists and can accept requests in computer network administration.
The acronym was contrived to match the submariners' term for the sound of a returned sonar
pulse.
To test the speed of a data signal.

TRACEROUTING

Traceroute is a widely used command-line utility available in almost all operating systems.
It shows you the complete route to a destination address. It also shows the time
is taken (or delays) between intermediate routers.

Types of networking
LAN -- Local area network WAN -- wide area network MAN -- metropolitan area network
PAN -- personal area network - two types -- wired and wireless

advantages and disadvantages of CN.

This majorly has four types:

1.NETWORK TYPES -- 4 TYPES

2.NETWORK COMPONENTS --
NIC,SWITCHES,ROUTERS,MODEMS,FIREWALLS,NETWORK CABLES
3.NETWORK PROTOCOLS AND STANDARDS --
TCP/IP,WIFI,ETHERNET,HTTP,HTTPS,DHCP,DNS

4.NETWORK SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGIES -- IP ADDRESS,VPN,NAT,VOIP,ROUTING.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy