PS415

Patient Simulator

Operators Manual

PN 2572338
March 2006
© 2006 Fluke Corporation, All rights reserved. Printed in USA
All product names are trademarks of their respective companies.
 Warranty and Product Support
Fluke Biomedical warrants this instrument against defects in materials and
workmanship for one full year from the date of original purchase. During the
warranty period, we will repair or, at our option, replace at no charge a product
that proves to be defective, provided you return the product, shipping prepaid,
to Fluke Biomedical. This warranty does not apply if the product has been
damaged by accident or misuse or as the result of service or modification by
other than Fluke Biomedical. IN NO EVENT SHALL FLUKE BIOMEDICAL
BE LIABLE FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES.
Only serialized products and their accessory items (those products and items
bearing a distinct serial number tag) are covered under this one–year warranty.
PHYSICAL DAMAGE CAUSED BY MISUSE OR PHYSICAL ABUSE IS
NOT COVERED UNDER THE WARRANTY. Items such as cables and non-
serialized modules are not covered under this warranty.
Recalibration of instruments is not covered under the warranty.
This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other
rights which vary from state to state, province to province, or country to coun-
try. This warranty is limited to repairing the instrument to Fluke Biomedical’s
specifications.

Warranty Disclaimer
Should you elect to have your instrument serviced and/or calibrated by some-
one other than Fluke Biomedical, please be advised that the original warranty
covering your product becomes void when the tamper-resistant Quality Seal is
removed or broken without proper factory authorization. We strongly recom-
mend, therefore, that you send your instrument to Fluke Biomedical for factory
service and calibration, especially during the original warranty period.

Notices

All Rights Reserved

 Copyright 2006, Fluke Biomedical. No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmit-
ted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language without the written
permission of Fluke Biomedical.

Copyright Release
Fluke Biomedical agrees to a limited copyright release that allows you to reproduce manuals and
other printed materials for use in service training programs and other technical publications. If
you would like other reproductions or distributions, submit a written request to Fluke Biomedical.
Unpacking and Inspection
Follow standard receiving practices upon receipt of the instrument. Check the shipping carton for
damage. If damage is found, stop unpacking the instrument. Notify the carrier and ask for an
agent to be present while the instrument is unpacked. There are no special unpacking instructions,
but be careful not to damage the instrument when unpacking it. Inspect the instrument for physi-
cal damage such as bent or broken parts, dents, or scratches.

Technical Support
For application support or answers to technical questions, either email
techservices@flukebiomedical.com or call 1-800- 648-7952 or 1-425-446-6945.

Claims
Our routine method of shipment is via common carrier, FOB origin. Upon delivery, if physical
damage is found, retain all packing materials in their original condition and contact the carrier
immediately to file a claim. If the instrument is delivered in good physical condition but does not
operate within specifications, or if there are any other problems not caused by shipping damage,
please contact Fluke Biomedical or your local sales representative.

Standard Terms and Conditions

Refunds and Credits
Please note that only serialized products and their accessory items (i.e., products and
items bearing a distinct serial number tag) are eligible for partial refund and/or credit.
Nonserialized parts and accessory items (e.g., cables, carrying cases, auxiliary modules,
etc.) are not eligible for return or refund. Only products returned within 90 days from the date
of original purchase are eligible for refund/credit. In order to receive a partial refund/credit of a
product purchase price on a serialized product, the product must not have been damaged by the
customer or by the carrier chosen by the customer to return the goods, and the product must be
returned complete (meaning with all manuals, cables, accessories, etc.) and in “as new” and re-
salable condition. Products not returned within 90 days of purchase, or products which are not in
“as new” and resalable condition, are not eligible for credit return and will be returned to the cus-
tomer. The Return Procedure (see below) must be followed to assure prompt refund/credit.

Restocking Charges
Products returned within 30 days of original purchase are subject to a minimum restock-
ing fee of 15 %. Products returned in excess of 30 days after purchase, but prior to 90
days, are subject to a minimum restocking fee of 20 %. Additional charges for damage
and/or missing parts and accessories will be applied to all returns.

Return Procedure
All items being returned (including all warranty-claim shipments) must be sent freight-prepaid to
our factory location. When you return an instrument to Fluke Biomedical, we recommend using
United Parcel Service, Federal Express, or Air Parcel Post. We also recommend that you insure
your shipment for its actual replacement cost. Fluke Biomedical will not be responsible for lost
shipments or instruments that are received in damaged condition due to improper packaging or
handling.
Use the original carton and packaging material for shipment. If they are not available, we rec-
ommend the following guide for repackaging:
ƒ Use a double–walled carton of sufficient strength for the weight being shipped.
ƒ Use heavy paper or cardboard to protect all instrument surfaces. Use nonabrasive
material around all projecting parts.
ƒ Use at least four inches of tightly packed, industry-approved, shock-absorbent
material around the instrument.
Returns for partial refund/credit:
 Every product returned for refund/credit must be accompanied by a Return Material Authoriza-
tion (RMA) number, obtained from our Order Entry Group at 1-800-648-7952 or 1-425-446-
6945.
Repair and calibration:
To find the nearest service center, goto www.flukebiomedical.com/service or

In the U.S.A.:
Cleveland Calibration Lab
Tel: 1-800-850-4606
Email: globalcal@flukebiomedical.com

Everett Calibration Lab

Tel: 1-888-993-5853
Email: service.status@fluke.com

In Europe, Middle East, and Africa:

Eindhoven Calibration Lab
Tel: +31-402-675300
Email: ServiceDesk@fluke.com

In Asia:
Everett Calibration Lab
Tel: +425-446-6945
Email: service.international@fluke.com

Certification
This instrument was thoroughly tested and inspected. It was found to meet Fluke Biomedical’s
manufacturing specifications when it was shipped from the factory. Calibration measurements
are traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Devices for which
there are no NIST calibration standards are measured against in-house performance standards us-
ing accepted test procedures.

WARNING
Unauthorized user modifications or application beyond the published specifications may result in
electrical shock hazards or improper operation. Fluke Biomedical will not be responsible for any
injuries sustained due to unauthorized equipment modifications.

Restrictions and Liabilities

Information in this document is subject to change and does not represent a commitment
by Fluke Biomedical. Changes made to the information in this document will be incorpo-
rated in new editions of the publication. No responsibility is assumed by Fluke Biomedi-
cal for the use or reliability of software or equipment that is not supplied by Fluke Bio-
medical, or by its affiliated dealers.

Manufacturing Location
The PS415 Patient Simulator is manufactured in Everett, WA, U.S.A.
 Table of Contents

Chapter Title Page

1 General Information ................................................................. 1-1

Introduction .......................................................................................... 1-3
Safety Considerations ........................................................................... 1-3
General Specifications .......................................................................... 1-4
ECG Waveforms............................................................................... 1-4
Normal Sinus Rhythms ..................................................................... 1-4
ECG Performance ............................................................................. 1-5
ECG Arrhythmias ............................................................................. 1-5
Blood Pressure .................................................................................. 1-5
BP Channel 1 Waveforms............................................................. 1-6
BP Channel 2 Waveforms............................................................. 1-6
Respiration........................................................................................ 1-6
Temperature...................................................................................... 1-7
Lead Test .......................................................................................... 1-7
Data Interface.................................................................................... 1-7
Instrument Familiarity .......................................................................... 1-8
Accessories ........................................................................................... 1-10
2 Installation ................................................................................ 2-1
Battery or Battery Eliminator................................................................ 2-3
Battery .............................................................................................. 2-3
Battery Eliminator............................................................................. 2-4
ECG Output Snaps................................................................................ 2-4
High-Level ECG Output ....................................................................... 2-5
Blood Pressure Outputs ........................................................................ 2-5
Temperature Output.............................................................................. 2-6
RS-232 Serial Port ................................................................................ 2-6
3 Operating Instructions............................................................. 3-1
Power-Up Initialization......................................................................... 3-3
Settings ................................................................................................. 3-4
ECG Waveforms................................................................................... 3-4
Normal Sinus Rhythm....................................................................... 3-5
ECG Performance ............................................................................. 3-6
ECG Arrhythmias ............................................................................. 3-7
ECG Amplitude ............................................................................ 3-8

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PS415
Operators Manual

Blood Pressure...................................................................................... 3-9

Respiration ........................................................................................... 3-11
Temperature ......................................................................................... 3-12
Lead Test.............................................................................................. 3-12
Serial Port Operation ............................................................................ 3-13
Remote Commands .............................................................................. 3-13
Waveform Commands.......................................................................... 3-13
Normal Sinus Rhythm ...................................................................... 3-14
ECG Performance............................................................................. 3-15
ECG Arrhythmias............................................................................. 3-16
ECG Amplitude................................................................................ 3-16
Blood Pressure Channel 1 ................................................................ 3-17
Blood Pressure Channel 2 ................................................................ 3-18
Respiration Rate ............................................................................... 3-18
Respiration Amplitude ..................................................................... 3-19
Respiration Apnea ............................................................................ 3-19
Output Connections.............................................................................. 3-20

ii
 List of Tables

Table Title Page

1-1. Symbols.............................................................................................. 1-3
1-2. PS415 Controls and Connectors......................................................... 1-9
1-3. Accesories .......................................................................................... 1-10
3-1. Error Codes ........................................................................................ 3-3
3-2. Power-Up Simulation Settings ........................................................... 3-4
3-3. Normal Sinus Rhythm Base Rate Settings ......................................... 3-5
3-4. ECG Performance Settings................................................................. 3-6
3-5. ECG Arrhythmia Waveform Settings ................................................ 3-7
3-6. ECG Amplitude Settings.................................................................... 3-8
3-7. Blood Pressure Channel 1 Settings..................................................... 3-9
3-8. Blood Pressure Channel 2 Settings..................................................... 3-10
3-9. Respiration Rate ................................................................................. 3-11
3-10. Respiration Amplitude ....................................................................... 3-12
3-11. Respiration Apnea.............................................................................. 3-12
3-12. Normal Sinus Rhythm Commands..................................................... 3-14
3-13. ECG Performance Commands ........................................................... 3-15
3-14. ECG Arrhythmia Commands ............................................................. 3-16
3-15. ECG Amplitude Commands............................................................... 3-16
3-16. Blood Pressure Channel 1 Commands ............................................... 3-17
3-17. Blood Pressure Channel 2 Commands ............................................... 3-18
3-18. Respiration Rate Commands .............................................................. 3-18
3-19. Respiration Amplitude Commands .................................................... 3-19
3-20. Respiration Apnea Commands........................................................... 3-19
3-21. Back Panel DIN Connector Pin Descriptions..................................... 3-20

iii
PS415
Operators Manual

iv
 List of Figures

Figure Title Page

1-1. PS415 Patient Simulator..................................................................... 1-8

v
PS415
Operators Manual

vi
 Chapter 1
General Information

Contents Page
Introduction................................................................................ 1-3
Safety Considerations ................................................................ 1-3
General Specifications ............................................................... 1-4
ECG Waveforms .................................................................... 1-4
Normal Sinus Rhythms .......................................................... 1-4
ECG Performance .................................................................. 1-5
ECG Arrhythmias................................................................... 1-5
Blood Pressure ....................................................................... 1-5
BP Channel 1 Waveforms .................................................. 1-6
BP Channel 2 Waveforms .................................................. 1-6
Respiration ............................................................................. 1-6
Temperature ........................................................................... 1-7
Lead Test................................................................................ 1-7
Data Interface ......................................................................... 1-7
Instrument Familiarity ............................................................... 1-8
Accessories ................................................................................ 1-10

1-1
PS415
Operators Manual

1-2
 General Information
Introduction 1
Introduction
The PS415 Patient Simulator (hereafter “the Simulator”) is a high–
performance patient simulator that generates the following simulations:
• ECG
• Blood Pressure
• Respiration
• Temperature
The Simulator is intended for biomedical equipment technicians or service
representatives to test the basic operation of physiological monitoring and diagnostic
equipment. These tests are typically conducted during routine or scheduled preventive
maintenance inspections.
The Simulator also verifies calibration to the precision stated in the
Specifications section of this manual. For the recommended inspection
protocol and the required level of precision, refer to the service or maintenance
manual for the actual equipment under test (EUT). The Simulator is not
intended to be used as the primary signal source for the initial validation of
patient–related equipment

Safety Considerations
In this manual, a Warning identifies conditions and actions that pose hazards
to the user. A Caution identifies conditions and actions that may damage the
Simulator or the equipment under test. Do not proceed beyond a warning or
caution until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met. The W
symbol means there is information in the Operators Manual that should be
referenced.
To ensure safe operation of the Simulator, observe all instructions and
warnings contained in this manual.

Table 1-1. Symbols

Risk of danger. Important

X Hazardous voltage. W information. Refer to the
manual.

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Operators Manual

General Specifications
Power requirements
Battery ............................................................... 9 volt battery
Battery Life........................................................ 50 hours
Line Power ........................................................ Battery eliminator 7.7 Vdc @ 100 mA
unregulated
Connector: 2.5 mm center (+)
Temperature Performance
Operating........................................................... 15 °C to 35 °C (59 °F to 95 °F)
Storage .............................................................. 0 °C to 55 °C (32 °F to 131 °F)
Weight.................................................................... 0.34 kg (0.75 lb)
Size ........................................................................ 3.8 cm H x 16.0 cm L x 10.4 cm W
(1.5" H x 6.3” L x 4.1" W)
Display................................................................... 2-digit numeric LCD display

ECG Waveforms
The Simulator generates a 12–lead ECG simulation. A single–ended signal is
resistively divided to produce a 12–lead ECG simulation. These signals are
referenced to the right leg (RL) electrode.

Normal Sinus Rhythms

Rates.................................................................. 30, 40, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 120, 140,
150, 160, 180, 200, 210, 220, 240,
270, 300, and 350 BPM.
Accuracy ........................................................... ± 1 %
Auto ................................................................... Automatically steps through the
following rates at 30–second intervals:
30, 60, 80, 120, 180, and 240 BPM.
Amplitudes ........................................................ Lead II: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 mV.
Accuracy: ± 5% 2–Hz square wave at
1.0 mV p–p. (Lead II).
Impedances....................................................... Limb–lead impedance selections are
500 or 1000 Ω.
V Leads are 1000 Ω
Accuracy: ± 5%

1-4
 General Information
General Specifications 1
ECG Performance
Manual Selections:
Pulse .............................................................. 4 seconds
Square wave.................................................. 2 Hz
Triangle wave ................................................ 2 Hz
Sine waves .................................................... 0.5, 10, 40, 50, 60, and 100 Hz.
Automated Sequence ....................................... A series of the above–listed
performance waveforms output in the
following sequence: square wave;
pulse; sine waves 10, 40, 50, 60, and
100 Hz; and triangle wave.

ECG Arrhythmias
Atrial fibrillation
Second degree A–V block, type 1
Right bundle branch block
Premature atrial contraction
Premature ventricular contraction, standard
Premature ventricular contraction, early
Premature ventricular contraction, R on T
Multifocal PVCs
Bigeminy
Run of 5 PVCs
Ventricular tachycardia
Ventricular fibrillation
Pacemaker
Fetal / Maternal

Blood Pressure
The specifications listed below apply to both blood pressure channels. Blood pressure
channel 1 and 2 waveforms follow next.
Input/Output Impedance .................................. 300Ω
Exciter Input Voltage Range:........................... 2 V to 16 V
Output Sensitivity Selections:......................... 5 or 40µV/ V/mmHg
Output Range:................................................... 0 to + 300 mmHg.
Accuracy: ±1% of full range + 1 mmHg

Dynamic blood pressure waveforms are

specified only at 80 BPM normal sinus
rhythm ECG.
Rates:................................................................. All dynamic pressures track all normal
sinus rates and all arrhythmias.
Isolation:............................................................ Electrically isolated from the rest of the
instrument.

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Operators Manual

BP Channel 1 Waveforms (mmHg)

Manual Selections:
• Arterial (120/80)
• Left ventricle (120/0)
• Central venous pressure (15/10)
• Right ventricle (25/0)
• Pulmonary artery (25/10)
• Pulmonary artery wedge (10/2)
• Atmosphere (0)
• Static pressures: 20, 40, 80, 100, 200, 250, and 300.
• Artifact BP1/BP2
Automated Sequence:...................................... A series of blood pressure static levels
output in the following sequence:
atmosphere 0, 20, 40, 80, 100, 200,
250, and 300.

BP Channel 2 Waveforms (mmHg)

Manual Selections:
• Atmosphere (0)
• Track BP1 Mode……………………...BP2 tracks BP1 setting to facilitate
testing patient montitoring equipment
with dual BP channels.
• Central venous pressure (15/10)
• Swan–Ganz: Insert
• Swan–Ganz: Inflate
• Swan–Ganz: Deflate
• Swan–Ganz: Remove
Automated Sequence:...................................... A series of blood pressure static levels
output in the following sequence:
atmosphere 0, 20, 40, 80, 100, 200,
250, and 300.

Note
For descriptions, refer to BP Channel 2 in the Settings
section of Chapter 3

Respiration
Output Configurations: .................................... Lead I, II, and RL to LL.
Baseline Impedances:...................................... 500 and 1000 Ω.
Accuracy: ± 5 %

1-6
 General Information
General Specifications 1
Delta Impedances: ............................................ 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1.0, and 3.0 Ω.
Accuracy: ± 10 % of setting
Normal Physiological Rates: ........................... 0, 15, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, and
120 BrPM.
Accuracy: .......................................................... ± 5 %
Apneas:.............................................................. 12 and 32 seconds.

Temperature
Selections:......................................................... 30°C (86°F), 37°C (98.6°F), and
40°C (104°F).
Accuracy: ± 0.4°C
Probe Compatibility:......................................... YSI 400 series and YSI 700 series.
Isolation:..................................................................Electrically isolated from the rest of the
instrument. The connector shell is to
common ground.

Lead Test
If the resistance is less than 1 kΩ, the display flashes at the rate of 4 Hz.

Data Interface
Serial Port:......................................................... RS–232 compatible.

5–pin mini DIN female connector.

Bi–directional port for controlling the

instrument.

Baud Rate: 2400

1-7
PS415
Operators Manual

Instrument Familiarity
Table 1-1 identifies the controls and connectors of the PS415 Simulator called
out in Figure1-1.

13 11
14 12
15 10
16
17
8

7 4
5
6
18

19

20

2
1

ehe1.eps
Figure 1-1. PS415 Patient Simulator

1-8
 General Information
Instrument Familiarity 1
Table 1-2. PS415 Controls and Connectors

Item Description

A ECG Snaps: V6, V5, V4, V3, and V2.

B Pullout Card

C ECG Snaps: RL, RA, LA, LL, and V1.

D Temperature Select Switch

E Respiration Lead Select Switch

F Respiration Baseline Impedance Select Switch

G Blood Pressure Sensitivity Select Switch

H Execute Key

I Right Selector Keys (Increment/decrement right display character.)

J Two–Character Display

K High–Level ECG Output

L Lead Test Terminals

M Blood Pressure Channel 1 Output

N Blood Pressure Channel 2 Output

O RS–232 Serial Port

P Temperature Output

Q Power–On/Off Key

R Left Selector Keys (Increment/decrement left display character.)

S Battery Eliminator Input

T Battery Compartment

1-9
PS415
Operators Manual

Accessories
Table 1-3. Accesories

Item Fluke Part #

Standard

Operators Manual 2572338

Battery Eliminator (90 – 264 Vac, 9 V, IEC-320/C6 2183983

inlet)

Battery, 9–volt alkaline (Duracell MN1604 or equiv.) 614487

Power Cord See Note 1

ECG Electrode Adapter 2242609

Carrying Case 2248505

Optional

Calibration Manual 2577812

Cable, High Level ECG (3.5 mm phone to BNC) 2200116

RS–232 Interface Cable 5-pin mini DIN to D9F 2225362

Temperature Cable for YSI 400 series 2391976

Temperature Cable for YSI 700 series 2391983

Blood Pressure Cable, unterminated 2392010

Blood Pressure Cables, prewired for selected patient See Note 1

monitors.

[1] See a current Fluke Biomedical Price List for availability, part number, and
price.

1-10
 Chapter 2
Installation

Contents Page
Battery or Battery Eliminator....................................................... 2-3
Battery...................................................................................... 2-3
Battery Eliminator.................................................................... 2-4
ECG Output Snaps....................................................................... 2-4
High-Level ECG Output.............................................................. 2-5
Blood Pressure Outputs ............................................................... 2-5
Temperature Output..................................................................... 2-6
RS-232 Serial Port ....................................................................... 2-6

2-1
PS415
Operators Manual

2-2
 Installation
Battery or Battery Eliminator 2
Battery or Battery Eliminator
The Simulator operates with an internal 9–volt battery or an external battery
eliminator. Make sure you have the correct battery eliminator.
You can power up the Simulator after you install the 9–volt battery that shipped with it or
after you connect the Simulator to the battery eliminator. Step–by–step installation and
connection instructions follow in the next two sections.

Battery
Install or replace the battery as explained below:
1. Turn the Simulator over so you are looking at the pullout card.
Grasp the pullout card where you see the words “ECG:
Amplitude mV LEAD II”. Now slide the pullout card away from
the Simulator.
2. Locate the rectangular (approximately 1 in x 2 in) battery compartment
cover. Next locate the half–inch rectangular notch on the one–inch side
of the cover.
3. Put a small screwdriver into this notch and push toward the cover
a sixteenth of an inch to release the latch*. Lift the cover away
from the battery compartment and set it aside.

Note
Do not push the latch more than a sixteenth of an inch; otherwise, the
latch weakens and it may break.
4. Lift out the two–terminal snap connector. Attach this keyed
connector to the 9–volt alkaline battery (Duracell MN1604 or
equivalent*). If the connector won’t attach easily, rotate the
battery 180 degrees and try again.

Note
Do not use a mercury, air, or carbon–zinc battery.
5. Put the battery and its attached wires into the battery
compartment. Make sure the attached–wires end of the battery is
on the side of the compartment where the cover latches.
6. Pick up the cover and hold the latch a half inch above its
receptacle. With the cover held at this angle, insert the small
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PS415
Operators Manual

rectangular tab on the cover’s opposite end into the indent in the
compartment.
7. Push down on the latch side of the cover until it clicks shut. Slide
the pullout card back into place.

If the cover bulges up and blocks movement of the pullout card,

first remove the cover from the battery compartment as explained
in step 3. Next lift the battery out and reorganize the wires.
Finally, follow steps 5 through 7.

Note
If the battery is low, the Simulator detects this and flashes the display
at a rate of 1 Hz.

Battery Eliminator
Insert the battery eliminator plug into the “BATTERY ELIM” receptacle on
the power–switch side of the Simulator. Plug the battery eliminator box into a
mains outlet. Make sure you have the correct battery eliminator for the outlet
you are using. Eliminator input is 7.7 to 9.0 Vdc, 100 mA, unregulated. The
connector is 2.5mm, center (+).

Note
Refer to the Accessories section in the General Information chapter
and to the current Fluke Biomedical Price List for availability, part
number information, and price.

ECG Output Snaps

Ten ECG snaps are located along the right and the left sides of the Simulator.
Adapter kits for 3.2– or 4–mm electrodes are available from Fluke Biomedical.
Output snaps are color–coded with both AHA (American Heart Association)
and IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) standards.

2-4
 Installation
High-Level ECG Output 2
Note
Refer to the Accessories section in the General Information chapter
and to the current Fluke Biomedical Price List for availability, part
number information, and price.

High-Level ECG Output

This output connects to high–level patient monitors. It is labeled “HI–LEVEL
ECG” and is located on the right–side panel .

Note
A generic or standard test lead, obtainable from any of several
suppliers of industrial equipment, can be used for this connection.
The connector is a 3.5–mm phone jack with a Lead II waveform at 0.5 V/mV
of the low–level Lead II signal.

Note
If Lead II is set to 1 mV, the high–level output will be 0.5 V.

Blood Pressure Outputs

The blood pressure outputs, located on the top panel of the Simulator, are two
6–pin mini DIN female connectors labeled “BP1” and “BP2”. Cables prewired
for many monitors* and an un-terminated cable** are available from Fluke
Biomedical to connect to these outputs.

Note
Refer to the current Fluke Biomedical Price List for availability, part
number information, and price.

Note
See table on page 3-20 for the pin-outs of Blood Pressure connectors
and refer to the section in the General Information chapter.

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PS415
Operators Manual

Temperature Output
This output is labeled “TEMP” and is a 8–pin mini DIN female connector, also
on the top panel of the Simulator. Temperature cables* are available from
Fluke Biomedical. The type of probe simulated—either the 400 or 700 series
YSI—determines the type of cable to use.

Note
Refer to the Accessories section in the General Information chapter
and to the current Fluke Biomedical Price List for availability, part
number information, and price.

RS-232 Serial Port

The RS–232 serial port can control all test functions except switch settings
when used with a personal computer or a compatible terminal device. An RS–
232 interface cable*, available from Fluke Biomedical, connects to a 5–pin
mini DIN female connector labeled “RS–232” on the top panel of the
instrument.

Note
Refer to the Accessories section in the General Information chapter
and to the current Fluke Biomedical Price List for availability, part
number information, and price.

2-6
 Chapter 3
Operating Instructions

Contents Page
Power-Up Initialization.............................................................. 3-3
Settings ...................................................................................... 3-4
ECG Waveforms........................................................................ 3-4
Normal Sinus Rhythm............................................................ 3-5
ECG Performance .................................................................. 3-6
ECG Arrhythmias................................................................... 3-7
ECG Amplitude .................................................................. 3-8
Blood Pressure ........................................................................... 3-9
Respiration................................................................................. 3-11
Temperature............................................................................... 3-12
Lead Test ................................................................................... 3-12
Serial Port Operation ................................................................. 3-13
Remote Commands.................................................................... 3-13
Waveform Commands ............................................................... 3-13
Normal Sinus Rhythm............................................................ 3-14
ECG Performance .................................................................. 3-15
ECG Arrhythmias................................................................... 3-16
ECG Amplitude...................................................................... 3-16
Blood Pressure Channel 1 ...................................................... 3-17
Blood Pressure Channel 2 ...................................................... 3-18
Respiration Rate ..................................................................... 3-18
Respiration Amplitude ........................................................... 3-19
Respiration Apnea.................................................................. 3-19
Output Connections ................................................................... 3-20

3-1
PS415
Operators Manual

3-2
 Operating Instructions
Power-Up Initialization 3
Power-Up Initialization
The Simulator operates with an internal 9–volt battery or an external battery
eliminator. Before you power it up, make sure you’ve installed the supplied
battery or connected the correct battery eliminator for the mains outlet you are
using.

Note
For battery eliminator connection instructions, refer to the Battery
Eliminator section in the preceding chapter, Installation. For battery
installation or replacement instructions, refer to the Battery section in
preceding chapter, Installation.
1. Locate the “POWER” switch on the Simulator’s front panel in
the upper left corner. Press it once to power up the instrument.

Note
If the battery is low, the Simulator detects this and flashes the display
at the rate of 1 Hz. Upon power–up, the Simulator performs a self–
test. After the self–test, one of the error codes listed below may show
on the display.

Table 3-1. Error Codes

Error Code Explanation

E1 RAM has failed

E2 EPROM or EEPROM checksum is in error

E3 RAM has failed and EPROM or EEPROM checksum is in error

E4 Illegal interrupt

2. During the first couple of seconds after power–up, the display

shows either a) the error code for one second; then the number
“34” or b) the firmware version for one second; then the number
“34”.
3. The number 34 showing on the display indicates one of the
simulation settings present at power–up: ECG normal sinus
rhythm at 80 BPM. Listed below, by simulation type, is each
simulation setting present at power–up.

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Table 3-2. Power-Up Simulation Settings

Simulation Setting Simulation Type

ECG Waveform: Normal sinus rhythm

Baseline BPM: 80
Amplitude: 1 mV, Lead II
Blood Pressure BP channels 1 and 2: Atmosphere
Respiration Waveform: Normal
Rate: 20 BrPM
Delta impedance: 1.0 Ω

Note
The simulations and their two–character settings are listed on the
pullout card at the bottom of the instrument as well as in the Settings
section on page 3-5.
Anytime while the instrument is running, you can review current settings by
incrementing the left digit on the display.
• When the left digit has a corresponding right digit showing on the
display, the two digits indicate the currently running simulation.
• When a left digit has no corresponding right digit showing (i.e., the right
display is blank), no simulation in that group is running.

Settings
Choose a setting by pressing the left and right selector keys until the two–
character setting you want appears on the display. Press the <EXECUTE> key
to start outputting this setting’s simulation.
The two–character settings and their associated output simulations are listed in
the sections that follow.

ECG Waveforms
The following sections describe how to set up the various waveforms of the
Simulator.

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 Operating Instructions
ECG Waveforms 3
Normal Sinus Rhythm
The following settings set the normal sinus rhythm baseline rate and cancel the
prior settings.

Table 3-3. Normal Sinus Rhythm Base Rate Settings

Setting Rate Simulation

30 30 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 30 BPM

31 40 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 40 BPM

32 60 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 60 BPM

33 70 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 70 BPM

34 80 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 80 BPM

35 90 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 90 BPM

36 100 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 100 BPM

37 120 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 120 BPM

38 140 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 140 BPM

39 150 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 150 BPM

40 160 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 160 BPM

41 180 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 180 BPM

42 200 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 200 BPM

43 210 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 210 BPM

44 220 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 220 BPM

45 240 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 240 BPM

46 270 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 270 BPM

47 300 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 300 BPM

48 350 BPM Normal sinus rhythm at 350 BPM

49 Auto Automated sequence: each segment runs for 30

seconds in this order 30, 60, 80, 120, 180, and
240 BPM; then repeats.

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ECG Performance
Table 3-4 lists the ECG performance settings available on the Simulator.
During ECG performance simulations, the blood pressure and respiration
simulations are turned off.

Table 3-4. ECG Performance Settings

Setting Simulation

70 Pulse at 4 seconds, square

71 Square wave at 2 Hz
72 Triangle wave at 2 Hz
73 Sine wave at 0.5 Hz
74 Sine wave at 10 Hz
75 Sine wave at 40 Hz
76 Sine wave at 50 Hz
77 Sine wave at 60 Hz
78 Sine wave at 100 Hz
79 Automated performance sequence.
The 2–Hz square wave outputs continuously.
To advance, press the <EXECUTE> key.
Next, the pulse outputs for 4 seconds; then the sequence
automatically advances.
The following sine waves output for 2 seconds each: 10, 40, 50, 60,
and 100 Hz; then the sequence automatically advances.
The triangle wave outputs continuously until you press the <EXECUTE>
key; then the 2–Hz square wave outputs continuously.

Note
All ECG performance simulations are referenced to Lead II. The
amplitude of Lead II continues at its most recent setting. If you
haven’t set the amplitude, it will be 1 mV (its setting at power–up.)
At anytime, you can change the amplitude of Lead II by entering one of the
two–character settings listed in the ECG Amplitude section on page 3-8.

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 Operating Instructions
ECG Waveforms 3
ECG Arrhythmias
Table 3-5 lists the ECG Arrhythmia Settings available on the Simulator. The
following selections that contain normal beats have an 80–BPM rate. Unless
otherwise stated, the PR interval is 0.16 seconds.
When an arrhythmia contains one or more abnormal beats within a series of
normal beats, the abnormal beat is the second beat of the total series starting
after one normal beat.

Table 3-5. ECG Arrhythmia Waveform Settings

Setting Waveform Simulation

50 AFIB Atrial fibrillation. Rapid irregular atrial

signal with no real P–waves. Irregular
ventricular rate.
51 2° BLOCK I Second–degree AV block, type I.
Waveform similar to right bundle branch
block except PR interval is 0.25
seconds. Eighteen beats at 80 BPM
followed by two missed beats; then
repeats.
52 RBB BLOCK Right bundle branch block. Wide QRS
complexes. An 80–BPM rate with a PR
interval of 0.16 seconds.
53 PAC Premature atrial contraction. Normal
sinus rhythm except every tenth beat is
premature by 25%.
54 PVC Std Premature ventricular contraction,
standard—25% premature.
55 PVC Early Premature ventricular contraction, early—
33% premature.
56 PVC R on T Premature ventricular contraction,
R on T—65% premature (260 ms after R
wave).
57 Multifocal PVCs Normal sinus rhythm except two of
every fifteen beats are PVCs of two
different types.
58 Bigeminy Bigeminy. Normal beat followed by a
PVC; then repeats.

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Table 3-5, ECG Arrhythmia Waveform Settings (cont)

Setting Waveform Simulation

59 Run of 5 PVCs Five PVCs together in a series with eight

normal beats; then repeats.
60 VTACH Ventricular tachycardia. Similar to left
focus PVCs at 180 BPM.
61 VFIB Ventricular fibrillation. Irregular ventricular
waveform.
62 Paced Series of paced beats at 75 BPM.
63 Fetal/Maternal Maternal ECG with fetal ECG added.

ECG Amplitude
At anytime, you can set the amplitude of Lead II using the settings below. The
ECG amplitude setting affects all ECG waveform simulations. At power–up,
this setting returns to 1 mV.

Table 3-6. ECG Amplitude Settings

Setting Simulation

A0 Lead II: 0.5 mV

A1 Lead II: 1.0 mV

A2 Lead II: 1.5 mV

A3 Lead II: 2.0 mV

Note
Instructions for connecting the Simulator to a high–level patient
monitor are in the High–Level ECG Output section on page 2-5.
The high–level output is approximately 0.5 V/mV of the low–level output. For
instance, if Lead II is set to 1 mV, the high–level output will be 0.5 V.

3-8
 Operating Instructions
Blood Pressure 3
Blood Pressure
There are two blood pressure channels. Each channel can be programmed
separately or channel two can be set to track channel one.

Note
Refer to the Blood Pressure Outputs section on page 3-20 for
information about connecting to these outputs.
1. Set the blood pressure sensitivity switch to match the patient
monitor’s input sensitivity—either 5 or 40 µV/V/mmHg.
2. The dynamic blood pressures are specified for their systolic and
diastolic values for rates of 80 BPM or less. For higher rates, the
systolic pressure stays the same but the diastolic pressure
increases as the rate increases.
3. All dynamic pressures are synchronized with all normal sinus
rhythm rates and physiologically track all arrhythmias.
4. Choose a blood pressure setting from Table 3-7 and Table 3-8
below.

Table 3-7. Blood Pressure Channel 1 Settings

Setting Waveform Simluation

00 ART Arterial at 120/80 mmHg

01 LV Left ventricle at 120/0 mmHg
02 CVP Central venous pressure at 15/10 mmHg
03 RV Right ventricle at 25/0 mmHg
04 PA Pulmonary artery at 25/10 mmHg
05 PAW Pulmonary artery wedge at 10/2 mmHg
10 ATM Atmosphere (0 mmHg)
11 20 Static pressure: 20 mmHg
12 40 Static pressure: 40 mmHg
13 80 Static pressure: 80 mmHg
14 100 Static pressure: 100 mmHg
15 200 Static pressure: 200 mmHg

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Table 3-7. Blood Pressure Channel 1 Settings (cont)

Setting Waveform Simluation

16 250 Static pressure: 250 mmHg

17 300 Static pressure: 300 mmHg
18 Auto Automated sequence: each segment runs for
12 seconds in this order atmosphere (0), 20,
40, 80, 100, 200, 250, and 300; then repeats.
19[1] Artifact BP1/BP2 Respiration artifact is superimposed onto any blood
pressure waveform. Arterial and left ventricular
waveforms are modulated by 5%; all others have a
respiration artifact of 5 mmHg added to them.
To turn this setting on and off, ensure that “19”
shows on the display, then press <EXECUTE>.
[1] You can change blood pressure, normal sinus rhythm rate (BPM), or ECG
arrhythmia settings before or after you select setting “19”.

Table 3-8. Blood Pressure Channel 2 Settings

Setting Waveform Simluation

20 ATM Atmosphere (0 mmHg)

21 Auto Automated sequence: each segment runs for 12
seconds in this order atmosphere (0), 20, 40, 80,
100, 200, 250, and 300; then repeats.
22 Track BP1 Tracks BP Channel 1 setting.
23 CVP Central venous pressure at 15/10 mmHg
[1]
24 Insert Swan–Ganz: Insert. The catheter tip advances
automatically from atmosphere (ATM) to central
venous pressure (CVP), then to right ventricle (RV)
pressure, and then to the pulmonary artery (PA).
Runs each waveform for 8 seconds.
25 Inflate[1] Swan–Ganz: Inflate. The balloon in the catheter
inflates to measure the pulmonary artery wedge
(PAW) pressure.
26 Deflate[1] Swan–Ganz: Deflate. The balloon in the
catheter deflates and measures the earlier
pulmonary artery (PA) pressure.

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 Operating Instructions
Respiration 3
Table 3-8. Blood Pressure Channel 2 Settings (cont)

Setting Waveform Simluation

27 Remove[1] Swan–Ganz: Remove. With the balloon

deflated, the catheter is removed and vented to
atmosphere.
[1] Description of the Swan–Ganz Clinical Procedure: The Swan–Ganz
sequence begins with the Swan–Ganz catheter tip vented to atmosphere,
proceeds through the venous side of the circulatory system, and terminates
in a distal branch of the pulmonary artery. At this time, the balloon in the
catheter inflates to measure the pulmonary artery wedge pressure. The
balloon can be either deflated or reinflated, and the catheter can be
removed as desired.

Swan–Ganz simulations operate only at 80 BPM. Starting the Swan–Ganz

simulation forces the ECG waveform simulation to 80 BPM.

Respiration
The respiration signal is output across the ECG leads.
Set the respiration lead select switch, “LEAD”, to the lead configuration
expected by the patient monitor: I, II, or RL to LL.
Use the respiration baseline impedance select switch, “BASE”, to set the
impedance between two limb leads: 500 Ω or 1 kΩ.
Select your settings from the charts below.

Table 3-9. Respiration Rate

Setting Simulation
80 0 BrPM
81 15 BrPM
82 20 BrPM
83 30 BrPM
84 40 BrPM
85 60 BrPM
86 80 BrPM
87 100 BrPM
88 120 BrPM

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Table 3-10. Respiration Amplitude

Setting Simulation
90 0.1 Ω
91 0.2 Ω
92 0.5 Ω
93 1.0 Ω
94 3.0 Ω

Table 3-11. Respiration Apnea

Setting Simulation
95 Generates 12 seconds of apnea every time it is selected.
96 Generates 32 seconds of apnea every time it is selected.

Temperature
Temperature simulation is set using either the Celsius or Fahrenheit scale with
the temperature select switch on the front-panel.
Note
To connect to the patient monitor, see the Temperature Output section
on page 3-20.

Lead Test
Connect each end of the lead to be tested* to each lead test terminal. The
display flashes at a rate of 4 Hz if the lead is good.
Note
The lead test connectors are compatible with the older–style electrodes that have
the exposed metal pin (1.5–mm [0.06–inch]) and the disposable ECG snaps. To
test the newer insulated “safety–touch proof” type of electrode, use
the included adapter to make the connection to the Simulator.

XW Warning
Use the ECG Electrode Adapter for testing purposes only.
It is not intended for clinical use with either ECG or apnea
monitoring devices.

3-12
 Operating Instructions
Serial Port Operation 3
Serial Port Operation
You can control remotely all functions except switch settings via RS–232
serial port operation. Use the remote commands to control the Simulator from
a personal computer or other serial device.

Note
Specialized cables, available from Fluke Biomedical, are required for RS–
232 remote control. Refer to the Accessories section on page 1-10 for the
part numbers.
Baud rate is 2400, parity is off, and there is one stop bit.

Remote Commands
Remote commands can be sent in lower case or in upper case letters and all
command strings must be terminated with a carriage return [CR] and/or a line
feed [LF]; that is, [command][CR][LF], [command][CR], or [command][LF].
Illegal entries return the error message “WHAT [CR][LF]”, legal entries return
“OK [CR][LF]”, and the entry [CR][LF] alone returns “?[CR][LF]”. The
process can take up to one second during which time all other inputs are
ignored.
To prevent functional inconsistencies, some commands can cause changes in
certain parameters: for example, starting Swan–Ganz sets ECG to normal sinus
rhythm at 80 BPM.

Waveform Commands
The following remote commands simply turn on the specified waveform; they
do not enter a special mode. All of these commands return “OK [CR][LF]”.

Note
Each command must be followed by a carriage return [CR] and/or a
line feed [LF].

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Normal Sinus Rhythm

Table 3-12 lists the remote commands for setting the Simulator to normal sinus
rhythms.
Table 3-12. Normal Sinus Rhythm Commands

Remote Command Description

30 30 BPM

31 40 BPM

32 60 BPM

33 70 BPM

34 80 BPM

35 90 BPM

36 100 BPM

37 120 BPM

38 140 BPM

39 150 BPM

40 160 BPM

41 180 BPM

42 200 BPM

43 210 BPM

44 220 BPM

45 240 BPM

46 270 BPM

47 300 BPM

48 350 BPM

49 Automated sequence[1]

[1] For a description of the automated sequence, see the Normal Sinus
Rhythm section earlier in this chapter.

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 Operating Instructions
Waveform Commands 3
ECG Performance

Table 3-13. ECG Performance Commands

Remote Command Description

70 Pulse: 4 seconds

71 Square: 2 Hz

72 Triangle: 2 Hz

73 Sine: 0.5 Hz

74 Sine: 10 Hz

75 Sine: 40 Hz

76 Sine: 50 Hz

77 Sine: 60 Hz

78 Sine: 100 Hz

79 Automated performance sequence[1]

A9 Execute[2]

Simulates the <EXECUTE> key when using command

[1] For a description of the automated sequence, see the ECG Performance
section in this chapter.

[2] The 2–Hz square wave outputs continuously until the remote command
“A9” is received. At this point the ECG performance simulations sequence
automatically until the triangle wave. The triangle wave will output
continuously until the remote command “A9” is again received; the cycle
then starts again with the 2-Hz square wave outputting continuously.

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ECG Arrhythmias
Table 3-14 lists the Remote Commands to set the Simulator’s ECG
Arrhythmias.

Table 3-14. ECG Arrhythmia Commands

Remote Command Description

50 Atrial fibrillation
51 Second–degree AV block, type I
52 Right bundle branch block
53 Premature atrial contraction
54 PVC, standard
55 PVC, early
56 PVC, R on T
57 Multifocal PVCs
58 Bigeminy
59 Run of 5 PVCs
60 Ventricular tachycardia
61 Ventricular fibrillation
62 Paced
63 Fetal/Maternal

ECG Amplitude
Table 3-15 lists the Remote Commands for setting the Simulator’s ECG
Amplitude.

Table 3-15. ECG Amplitude Commands

Remote Command Description

A0 Lead II: 0.5 mV
A1 Lead II: 1.0 mV
A2 Lead II: 1.5 mV
A3 Lead II: 2.0 mV

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 Operating Instructions
Waveform Commands 3
Blood Pressure Channel 1 (mmHg)
Table 3-16 lists the Remote Commands for setting the Simulator’s Blood
Pressure Channel 1 parameters.

Table 3-16. Blood Pressure Channel 1 Commands

Remote Command Description

00 Arterial (120/80)

01 Left ventricle (120/0)

02 Central venous pressure (15/10)

03 Right ventricle (25/0)

04 Pulmonary artery (25/10)

05 Pulmonary artery wedge (10/2)

10 Atmosphere (0)

11 Static pressure: 20 mmHg

12 Static pressure: 40 mmHg

13 Static pressure: 80 mmHg

14 Static pressure: 100 mmHg

15 Static pressure: 200 mmHg

16 Static pressure: 250 mmHg

17 Static pressure: 300 mmHg

18 Automated sequence[1]

19 Artifact BP1/BP2

[1] For a description of the automated sequence, see the BP Channel 1 section in this
chapter.

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Blood Pressure Channel 2 (mmHg)

Table 3-17 lists the Remote Commands for setting the Simulator’s Blood
Pressure Channel 2 parameters.

Table 3-17. Blood Pressure Channel 2 Commands

Remote Command Description

20 Atmosphere (0)
21 Automated sequence[1]
22 Track BP1[1]
23 Central venous pressure (15/10)
24 Swan–Ganz: Insert[1]
25 Swan–Ganz: Inflate[1]
26 Swan–Ganz: Deflate[1]
27 Swan–Ganz: Remove[1]
[1] For descriptions, see the BP Channel 2 section earlier in this chapter

Respiration Rate
Table 3-18 lists the Remote Commands for setting the Simulator’s Respiration
Rate.

Table 3-18. Respiration Rate Commands

Remote Command Description

80 0 BrPM
81 15 BrPM
82 20 BrPM
83 30 BrPM
84 40 BrPM
85 60 BrPM
86 80 BrPM
87 100 BrPM
88 120 BrPM

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 Operating Instructions
Waveform Commands 3
Respiration Amplitude
Table 3-19 lists the Remote Commands for setting the Simulator’s Respiration
Amplitude.

Table 3-19. Respiration Amplitude Commands

Remote Command Description

90 0.1 Ω

91 0.2 Ω

92 0.5 Ω

93 1.0 Ω

94 3.0 Ω

Respiration Apnea
Table 3-20 lists the Remote Commands for setting the Simulator’s Respiration
Apnea parameters.

Table 3-20. Respiration Apnea Commands

Remote Command Description

95 12 seconds

96 32 seconds

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Output Connections

Table 3-21. Back Panel DIN Connector Pin Descriptions

BP1 – BP2 RS-232 Temperature

BP1 - BP2 RS-232 Temperature

6 5 5 4 8 6
7
4
4 3 3 2 5 3

2 1 1 2 1

6 -Output 1 N/C 6 N/C

3 +Output 2 Reference 4 N/C

1 +Excitation 3 N/C 7 Common Temp.

4 -Excitation 4 Transmit 2 T1 400 Series

2 N/C 5 Receive 8 T1 700 Series

5 N/C 5 T2 700 Series

3 N/C

1 N/C

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