To: Mam Ammara Communication and

Presentation Skills
 Institute of Food Science and Nutrition
University of Sargodha

Submitted by:
Name: Roll no. :
Muneeba Ferooz ( 41 )
Maryam Noor ( 42 )

Submitted to:
Mam Ammara
Subject:
Expository Writing
Session:
BS HNAD 3rd ( Self Support )
 Communication:
Definition:
Communication is the process of exchanging ideas, thoughts, information, or
feelings between people using spoken words, written text, gestures, or body
language. It helps build relationships, share knowledge, and solve problems.

Types of Communication:

1. Verbal Communication:
Using spoken or written words to convey a message.
Example: Talking, giving speeches, or writing emails.

2. Non-verbal Communication:
Communicating through gestures, facial expressions, tone of
voice, and body language.
Example: A smile, a handshake, or eye contact.

3. Visual Communication:
Sharing information using visual aids like pictures, charts,
videos, or infographics.
Example: Slide presentations, posters, or diagrams.

4. Written Communication:
Communicating through written text, such as letters, emails,
or reports.
Example: Sending a business report or writing a blog.

5. Formal Communication:
Professional or structured communication that follows
specific rules or procedures.
Example: Official meetings, memos, or company policies.
6. Informal Communication:
Casual or unstructured communication, often among friends
or colleagues.
Example: Chatting over lunch or sending a quick text.
 7 Cs of Communication
The 7 Cs are principles that ensure effective and clear communication. These
principles and elements of communication can help improve both personal and
professional interactions, making you a better communicator and presenter.

1. Clear:
The message should be easy to understand without confusion.
Example: Use simple language and avoid jargon.

2. Concise:
Keep the message short and to the point.
Example: Avoid unnecessary details.

3. Concrete:
Provide specific facts and details.
Example: Instead of saying, “We made progress,” say, “We increased
sales by 20%.”

4. Correct:
Ensure the message is accurate and free of errors.
Example: Double-check spelling, grammar, and data.

5. Coherent:
The message should flow logically and make sense.
Example: Arrange ideas in a sequence that the listener can follow.

6. Complete:
Include all necessary information for the audience to
understand and act.
Example: If giving instructions, cover all the steps.
 7. Courteous:
Be polite and respectful in tone.
Example: Use phrases like “Thank you” or “Please let me know.”
 Presentation

Definition:

A presentation is a way of sharing information or ideas with an audience, often

using visual aids like slides or charts. It typically involves speaking and engaging
with listeners to convey a message effectively. Presentations can be used in
various settings, such as classrooms, business meetings, or conferences.

Significance of Presentation

1. Educational Significance:
Helps in Learning: Presentations make complex information easier to understand.
Engages the Audience: Visuals and clear explanations keep students interested.
Builds Skills: Presenters improve their research and communication abilities.

2. Economic Significance:
Professional Growth: Clear presentations showcase skills, leading to promotions.
Business Proposals: Effective presentations win deals and attract investors.
Cost Efficiency: A good presentation saves time by conveying information
efficiently.
3. Marketing Significance:
Customer Attraction: Engaging presentations help promote products and
services.
Brand Awareness: Consistent and impactful presentations strengthen the brand’s
image.
Sales Growth: Persuasive presentations convince customers to buy.

4. Confidence-Building Significance:
Improves Self-Esteem: Presenting well boosts confidence in personal and
professional settings.
Enhances Communication Skills: Practice makes one a better speaker.
Overcomes Fear: Regular presentations help in overcoming stage fright or
shyness.

Types of Presentations

There are many types of presentations, including:

1. Informative:
To teach or inform others
2. Persuasive:
To convince others to agree with you
3. Demonstrative:
To show how something works
4. Training:
To teach new skills or knowledge
5. Sales:
To promote a product or service
6. Academic:
To present research or projects
7. Business:
To communicate with colleagues or clients
8. Conference:
To present at a conference or seminar
9. Webinar:
To present online
10. Pitch:
To sell an idea or product
 Oral Presentation skills
Oral presentation skills are the ability to speak clearly, confidently, and effectively
in front of an audience. They involve organizing your thoughts, using appropriate
body language, and engaging your listeners. These skills help convey your
message in a way that is both interesting and easy to understand.

• Confidence

• Eye contact

• Pronunciation

• Clarity

• Audience engagement

• Body language / Facial expressions

• Time management

• Coherence

• Cohesion

• Conciseness

• Correctness

• Audio_visual aids

• Avoid stage phobia

Oral presentation skills are essential for delivering effective and engaging
presentations. Here’s a detailed explanation:
1. Confidence
What it means: Believing in yourself and your ability to deliver a great
presentation.

How to improve: Practice your presentation multiple times, prepare well, and
stay positive. Standing tall and speaking with a firm voice can also help boost your
condifence.

2. Eye Contact
What it means: Looking at your audience while speaking.

How to improve: Instead of staring at your notes or slides, make an effort to

glance at different people in the audience. This makes your talk feel personal and
engaging.

3. Pronunciation
What it means: Saying words clearly and correctly.

How to improve: Practice difficult words beforehand, speak slowly, and listen to
correct pronunciations if you’re unsure.

4. Clarity
What it means: Speaking in a way that your audience understands your message.

How to improve: Use simple language, avoid jargon, and make sure your points
are well-organized.

5. Audience Engagement
What it means: Keeping your audience interested and involved.

How to improve: Ask questions, use examples or stories, and interact with your
audience to keep their attention.

6. Body Language / Facial Expressions

What it means: How you use your body and face to express yourself.

How to improve: Stand confidently, use hand gestures naturally, and smile or
show emotion to match your speech.

7. Time Management
What it means: Delivering your presentation within the allotted time.

How to improve: Rehearse with a timer, prioritize key points, and avoid spending
too much time on one topic.
8. Coherence
What it means: Making your presentation logical and easy to follow.

How to improve: Arrange your ideas in a sequence that makes sense, such as
starting with an introduction, followed by main points, and ending with a
conclusion.

9. Cohesion
What it means: Connecting different parts of your presentation smoothly.

How to improve: Use linking words like “first,” “next,” “on the other hand,” or
“finally” to guide the audience from one idea to another.

10. Conciseness
What it means: Keeping your presentation short and to the point.

How to improve: Avoid unnecessary details and focus on the main points you want to
share.
11. Correctness
What it means: Sharing accurate and factual information.

How to improve: Research thoroughly, double-check your facts, and avoid

spreading incorrect information.

12. Audio-Visual Aids

What it means: Using tools like slides, images, videos, or props to support your
talk.

How to improve: Use visuals that are

simple, clear, and relevant. Don’t
overcrowdslides with too much text or
unnecessary images.

13. Avoid Stage Phobia

What it means: Overcoming the fear of speaking in front of an audience.

How to improve: Practice in front of friends or family, take deep breaths to calm
down, and remind yourself that it’s okay to make mistakes.
 Structure and Significance

Structure A well-organized presentation has three parts:

1. Introduction:
Start by telling your audience what you’ll talk about. Use a strong
opening to grab attention, like a question, fact, or story.

2. Body:
This is the main part. Divide your content into clear sections or points. Use
logical flow, such as starting with background information and moving to details.
 3. Conclusion:
End with a summary of key points and a memorable closing,
like a call to action or a thought-provoking statement.

Significance

 Explain why the topic matters to the audience.

 Show how the information is useful, interesting, or solves a problem.

 This keeps your audience engaged and helps them relate to your content.

Content Selection

Keep it Relevant: Choose points that match your topic and are important for
the audience.
Keep it Simple: Avoid overloading with too much information. Stick to 3–5 main
points for clarity.

Support Your Ideas: Use examples, facts, statistics, or stories to make your
points stronger and relatable.

Consider the Time Limit: Ensure your content fits the allotted time. Practice to
avoid rushing or running out of time.

Slide Presentation

Design Tips:
 Use simple and clean slides with minimal text.
 Choose easy-to-read fonts and appropriate font sizes (e.g., 24+ for main
text).
 Use visuals (images, charts, or diagrams) to make the content interesting
and easier to understand.

Content on Slides:
 Stick to key points or bullet points, not full sentences.
  Highlight important words using bold or color but avoid overdoing it.

Consistency:
 Keep the design consistent throughout (same background, font style, and
size).

 Use a theme that matches your topic.

Practice:
Don’t read directly from the slides. Use them as prompts and explain the points in
your own words
 Peer Review

What is Peer Review?

It means sharing your presentation with a friend, classmate, or colleague to get
their feedback.

Why It’s Important:

 Helps you find mistakes or unclear parts.

 Gives you insights in how the audience might perceive your presentation.
 Builds your confidence when practicing in front of others.

How to Do It:

 Share your presentation with someone you trust.

 Ask for feedback on the content, design, and your speaking style
 Listen carefully and make changes if needed.

Repeat:

 If possible, do multiple peer reviews to refine your presentation further.

 By focusing on these four points, you can create an engaging and effective
oral presentation that connects with your audience and delivers your
message clearly.