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A matrix is a rectangular table of numbers.

Matrices are classified in terms of the numbers of rows and
columns they have.

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a) Which element of

is represented by a32?
b) Is A a square matrix?
c) Find the transpose of matrix A.
d) Does A = B where
?

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The balance of trade we seek is given by the difference A
B, as follows

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 Multiplication of Matrices

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 ( About Material Supply) N

Pentico Industries must choose a supplier for the raw

materials that it uses in its two manufacturing divisions at
Clarion and Brooks.
Each division uses different unit amounts of steel, wood,
and plastic as shown in the table below.

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 cont’d
The two supply companies being considered, Western and
Coastal, can each supply all of these materials, but at
different prices per unit, as described in the following table.

Use matrix multiplication to decide which supplier should be

chosen to supply (a) the Clarion division and (b) the Brooks
division.
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The different amounts of products needed can be placed in
matrix A and the prices charged by the suppliers in matrix B.

The price from each supplier for each division is found from
the product AB.

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 cont’d

a) The price for the Clarion division for supplies from

Western is in the first row, first column and is $10,160; the
price for Clarion for supplies from Coastal is in the first row,
second column and is $9940.
Thus the best price for Clarion is from Coastal.

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 cont’d

b) The price for the Brooks division for supplies from

Western is in the second row, first column and is $11,275;
the price for Brooks for supplies from Coastal is in the
second row, second column and is $11,330.

Thus the best price for Brooks is from Western.

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34; 35, 39 Page 189

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11/19/2021 36
Solve systems of linear equations by
Gauss method
A starting problem
A starting problem
 A starting problem

 x  y  2z  4

3x  2 y  z  3
2 x  3 y  z  3

 Echelon Matrices

Which ones are echelon matrices?

 2 1 4   2 0 1 3  2 0 1 3 
0 4 7   0 0 3 9  0 0 3 9 
   
 0 0 2   0 0 0 1  0 0 0 0 
2 1 0 1 2 1 0 1 2 1 0 1
0 0 3 2 1 3 1 2 0 3 1 2 
   
 0 0 1 0   0 0 6 4  6 3 1 4 
Echelon Matrices
 Echelon Matrices
Three different elementary row operations

 1 1 0 1
A   2 3 1 2 
 
 3 2 2 2 
 Echelon Matrices
0 1 0 1
B  1 3 1 2
 
 2 2 0 1 
 Gauss method
Equations-Method
 Gauss method
Solve the system by Gauss method (Unique solution)
 x  y  2z  4

3x  2 y  z  3
2 x  3 y  z  3

 Gauss method
Solve the system by Gauss (Unique solution)
 x  y  2z  4

4 x  y  z  7
3x  2 y  z  7

 Gauss method
Solve the system by Gauss method (Unique solution)
Gauss method
Gauss method
Gauss method
Gauss method
 Gauss method
Another example
 Gauss method

This one is for your homework

 About the number of solutions :
Unique solution
3 cases
No solution

Infinitely many solutions

 Gauss method
Solve the system by Gauss method (No solution)

 x  y  2z  4

3 x  2 y  z  7
 2x  3y  z  4

 Gauss method
Solve the system by Gauss method (No solution)
 Gauss method
Solve the system by Gauss method (No solution)

This one is for your homework

 Gauss method

Solve the system by Gauss method (Infinitely many solutions)

 x  y  2z  4

3x  2 y  z  7
2 x  3 y  z  3

 Gauss method

Solve the system by Gauss method (Infinitely many solutions)

 Gauss method

Solve the system by Gauss method (Infinitely many solutions)

This one is for your homework

 Gauss method
(Unique solution)
Continue ???
 Gauss method
(Infinitely many solutions)

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 Gauss method

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 cont’d

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 About Solution of the system equations
( Only consider the number of variables =
the number of equations )
1)

2)

3) If both 1) and 2) do NOT happen, the system has a unique solution.

Solve the system by Gauss method
 Inverse of a Square Matrix-
Matrix Equations-Determinant

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 Inverse Matrices

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Inverse Matrices
 Inverse Matrices of 2x2 Matrices

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 Use Inverse Matrices to solve the linear system

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 Find an inverse matrix

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 Find an inverse matrix

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 Determinant

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 Why do we study Determinant?

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 Applications of Matrices:
Leontief Input-Output
Models

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 Objectives

• To interpret Leontief technology matrices

• To use Leontief models to solve input-output

problems

97
98
1 ------>0,1
50--- ?

99
Leontief Input-Output Models

100
Leontief Input-Output Models

101
Leontief Input-Output Models

102
 Leontief Input-Output Models
Example (N)

103
 Leontief Input-Output Models

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 Leontief Input-Output Models
Each industry has a gross production.

105
 Leontief Input-Output Models

Hint. x1  (0,5 x1  0,1x2  0.1x3 )  d1

106
Leontief Input-Output Models

107
Leontief Input-Output Models

108
Leontief Input-Output Models

109
Leontief Input-Output Models

110
Leontief Input-Output Models

111
 Leontief Input-Output Models

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 Leontief Input-Output Models

C01120-Chapter 1: Matrix and systems

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of equations
1-7,18-22 Page 238 to 239.

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