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Chapter 3 Buma PDF

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27 views8 pages

Chapter 3 Buma PDF

Uploaded by

chex gemechu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operating System

…
 What is human body without life giving Oxygen, the same is
the case of a computer, its existence is immaterial, without an
operating system.
 Operating System falls under the category of System
software.
 An operating system can be defined as the set of
instructions or programs, which make the computer work”
.
 An Operating System or OS is a software program that
enables the computer hardware to communicate and
operate with the computer software”.
 Without an Operating System a computer would be
useless.
Cont..
 When we switch on the computer, the instructions stored in
ROM are automatically executed. These instructions help the
computer to load the operating system from external storage
device (disk) to internal storage (RAM). This process of loading
of operating system from disk to RAM is called booting.
 Functions of Operating System
 Communication with the computer user or operator by means of
terminals.
 Assigning Priorities.
 The scheduling and loading of programs
 Protecting hardware, software and data from improper use.
 Handling errors when they occur and using corrective routines
where possible.
Types of operating system
 Many types of operating systems are available for
computers, which can be divided into the following two
broad categories - (a) Single-user operating systems.
(b) Multi-user operating systems.
(a) Single-user operating systems: These operating
systems are used for mainly computers having only one
terminal (stand-alone PCs). MS DOS (Microsoft Disk
Operating System) and PC DOS (Personal Computer Disk
Operating System) are the two important single user
operating systems.
(b) Multi-user operating systems: These operating systems
are used for those computers (micro to mainframe),
which have many terminals (multi-user systems). The
popular operating systems used for multi-user systems are
UNIX, NETWARE, MVS, OS/400, VMS and Linux.
Modern computer operating systems may also be classified into
three other groups

 The three groups are called batch, timeshared and real


time operating system.
Batch Processing Operating System
In a batch processing operating system environment users
submit jobs to a central place where these jobs are collected
into a batch, and subsequently placed on an input queue at
the computer where they will be run.
Time Sharing Operating System
Time-sharing is a mechanism to provide simultaneous
interactive use of a computer system by many users in such a
away that each one feels that he/she is the sole user of the
system.
Cont..
 The short period during which a user process gets to use
CPU is known as time slice, time slot, or quantum, and is
typically of the order of 10 to 100 milliseconds.
 Real Time Operating System
A Real-Time Operating System (RTOS) is a multitasking
operating system intended for real-time applications. Such
applications include embedded systems (programmable
thermostats, household appliance controllers), industrial
robots, spacecraft, industrial control (see SCADA), and
scientific research equipment.
SOME POPULAR OPERATING SYSTEMS
 Disk Operating System
 DOS is an acronym for Disk Operating System. Though
this doesn't say exactly what DOS does it tells you what it
is.
 DOS allows you to perform tasks on the computer by
telling the computer what to do in terms of English like
commands such as COPY and MOVE are infinitely better
than 10001110101110111!
 Rebooting the Computer: Sometimes it may happen that
your system crashes down because of any reason. In This
process is called Warm Boot or Reset.
Microsoft Windows
 It is a series of software operating systems and graphical
user interfaces produced by Microsoft. It was developed by
Microsoft to overcome the limitations of its own MS-DOS
operating system.
 A Microsoft window was designed to be not just an
operating system but also a complete operating
environment. That is, all its programs conform to a
standard way of working. For example, a Microsoft
Windows word processor works similarly the way a
Microsoft windows spreadsheet (or any other type of
Windows program) works.

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