AIR

EXTRA QUESTIONS
Q1. What are properties of Oxygen? Also list down its uses.
Ans1. Properties of Oxygen are-
i. It is a colourless, odourless and tasteless gas.
ii. It reacts with any substance it comes in contact with.
iii. It supports burning.
Uses of Oxygen are-
i. It is required for breathing by living organisms.
ii. Mountaineers, astronauts and scuba divers carry it in cylinders for life support.
iii. It is used in many industries like steel and plastic.
iv. It is also used as rocket fuel.

Q2. Write the properties of carbon dioxide. How is carbon dioxide useful for us?
Ans2. The important properties of carbon dioxide are-
i. It is a colorless gas with sharp odour.
ii. It has slight sour taste.
iii. It is the heaviest gas present in air.
iv. It does not support burning.
Uses of carbon dioxide are-
i. It is required by plants for photosynthesis.
ii. It is used in making of bakery products and cold drink.
iii. It is widely used in fire extinguishers.
iv. It is also an effective refrigerant and is use to store food items during transport.

Q3. How is carbon dioxide produced?

Ans3. Carbon dioxide is produced during respiration by plants and animals. It is also produced on burning of
wood, coal and other petroleum products.

Q4. What are the properties of Nitrogen?

Ans4. Properties of Nitrogen are-
i. It is colourless, tasteless and odourless gas.
ii. It is inactive in nature.

Q5. Why is Nitrogen important for us?

Ans5. The importance of Nitrogen are-
i. It is an essential component of protein and is required for growth.
ii. It is used to freeze food in grocery stores.
iii. It is also used for packing of food items.
iv. It is used to manufacture fertilizers.

Q6. How is Nitrogen obtained from air?

Ans6. Nitrogen can be obtained by 2 ways-
i. It is obtained by cooling normal air and collecting different parts at different temperatures separately.
ii. Some bacteria present in soil can convert atmospheric Nitrogen into form usable by plants.

Q7. Define Air Pollution. What are the main causes of air pollution?
Ans7. Contamination of air with smoke, dust and harmful gases is known as air pollution.
The main causes of air pollution are-
1. Burning of wood, leaves, garbage, tires etc.
2. Smoke emitted by vehicles.
3. Burning of coal, cow dung cake, wood etc for cooking.
4. Fumigation for warding off mosquitoes.
5. Spraying of pesticides and fertilizers in farms.
6. Gases emitted from industries.
7. Smoke from bursting of crackers.

Q8. What are causes of air pollution in villages?

Ans8. The major causes of air pollution in villages are-
i. Burning of wood, coal and cow dung cake for cooking food.
ii. Spraying pesticides and fertilizers in the farms.

Q9. What are the ill effects of air pollution?

Ans9. Some of the major ill effects of air pollution are-
i. Breathing diseases in humans Eg. Bronchitis, asthma and lung cancer.
ii. Irritation in eyes and nose.
iii. Damages to plants and buildings due to acid rains.

Q10. What do you understand by Global warming? What are its causes?
Ans 10. The temperature of Earth is continuously increasing due to increase in level of carbon dioxide in air.
This increase in Earth’s temperature is known as Global warming.
The main causes of global warming are-
i. Emission of carbon dioxide from vehicles, industries and burning of fuels.
ii. Gases released from ACs and perfumes.
iii. Deforestation.

Q11. What are the effects of Global Warming? How can we prevent it?
Ans11. The main effects of Global warming are-
i. Melting of ice caps and glaciers.
ii. Rise in sea level and submersion of sea shore area.
iii. Shortage of food.
iv. Diseases and disappearance of animals.
v. Increase in incidences of earthquakes and tsunamis.
We can prevent global warming by-
i. Afforestation – celebrating Van Mahotsav and planting trees.
ii. Reducing consumption of fuels thereby reducing production of carbon dioxide.
iii. Judicious use of electricity and electrical appliances.
 NATURAL RESOURCES
Q1. What do you understand by the term resource?
Ans1. Things which have some utility for us and satisfy our need are called resources. For example, we need
water to quench our thirst, hence water is a resource. The resources which occur naturally are known as Natural
Resources. Eg. Air, water, sunlight, plant, animals etc.

Q2. Define the term Exhaustible and Inexhaustible Natural resources.

Ans2. Exhaustible natural resources- The resources which are present in limited quantity and which will get
finish if not used properly are called exhaustible natural resources. Eg. Forest, wildlife.
Inexhaustible natural resources- The resources which are present in abundance and will not vanish in near future
are called Inexhaustible natural resources. Eg- Air, water, sunlight, soil etc.

Q3. What is fuel? Explain the term fossil fuel.

Ans3. Any object that provides energy or power on burning is known as fuel. Fuels like coal, petroleum were
formed millions of years ago from the dead remains of plants and animals. Hence they are known as fossil fuel.

Q4. What are alternate sources of energy?

Ans4. The sources of energy which are used to conserve non- renewable natural resources are known as
alternate source of energy. Some examples of these sources are-
i. Solar energy- Solar panels are used to utilize sunlight to produce energy. Eg. Solar cooker, solar water heater,
solar street light etc.
ii. Wind energy- Wind energy is used to rotate wind mill and convert it into electrical energy.
iii. Hydro electricity
iv. Biogas- made from cow dung and plant waste. It is used mostly for cooking in place of LPG.

Q5. Rashmi thinks that fuels are a bane for the society whereas Rohan thinks that fuels are a boon for us.
Whom do you agree with and why?
Ans5. Both Rashmi and Rohan are right. Fuels can be boon or bane depending on how we use them.
Fuels as Boon-
1. Fuels are used for cooking food.
2. They are used for driving our vehicles. This has improved our transport system.
3. Coal is used for producing electricity. Our daily life is heavily dependent on electricity.
4. Fuels are also used in bonfires, ironing clothes etc.
Fuels as Bane –
1. Burning of fuels emits harmful gases and cause air pollution.
2. These gases cause diseases like asthma, bronchitis in humans.
3. Some of the gases released are also responsible for global warming.

Q6. Why should we conserve fuels?

Ans6. The fuels like coal, petrol, diesel etc are being consumed rapidly. However, they take millions of year
for their formation. So, they are available to us in limited quantity. Therefore, we should conserve them so that
we can use them for longer time.

Q7.Define renewable and non-renewable fuels.

Ans. Renewable fuels----The fuels which are produced from renewable resources are known as renewable
resources. Eg. Cowdung cakes, biogas, fuels made from wind energy and solar energy.
Non-renewable fuels-----The fuels like coal, petrol diesel etc. are found in limited quantity. Once they are
exhausted, we cannot generate them. Such fuels are known as non-renewable fuels.

Q8. How can non-renewable resources be saved from getting exhausted? Give few examples.

Ans. We can save non-renewable resources from getting exhausted if we use them judiciously. Some ways of
conserving them are----

A.CONSERVING PETROL/DIESEL

1. Walk short distance or use bicycle.

2.Use car pool or public transport.

3.Switch off the vehicle’s engine at traffic signal.

4.Drive at optimum speed of 45-55 km /hr.

5. Regular maintenance and servicing of vehicles should be done.

B. Conserving LPG(liquified petroleum gas) or cooking gas

1. Use pressure cooker for cooking.

2. Cover the utensils while boiling/cooking.

3. Reduce the flame of the gas when food starts boiling.

4. Soak rice and pulses before cooking.

Q9.Rohan read somewhere that planting more trees prevents air pollution. Do you agree? Give reason.

Ans. I agree that planting more and more trees prevents air pollution. The reasons are----

1. Plants use carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. Hence, increase in number of plants will increase the
consumption of carbon dioxide thereby reducing air pollution.
2. Plants can absorb some other harmful gases (Nitrogen dioxide) and dust particles thereby reducing air
pollution.