GOOD

AFTERNOON
LESSON 3

Ms. April Kate J. Amen

SHS Teacher
Arellano University
Juan Sumulong Campus
WHAT CAN YOU
SEE?
SO YOU MEAN
ARCHITECTURE
IS BUILDINGS,

RIGHT?
WRONG !!!
“THE MOTHER ART IS
ARCHITECTURE. WITHOUT
AN ARCHITECTURE OF OUR
OWN, WE HAVE NO SOUL
OF OUR OWN
CIVILIZATION.”
- Frank Lloyd Wright
FRANK LLOYD
WRIGHT

finds architecture in...

NATURE
FRANK GEHRY

finds architecture in...

CURVING
FORMS
IEOH MING PEI

finds architecture in...

SIMPLE GEOMETRIES
LE CORBUSIER

finds architecture in...

FORM AND FUNCTION
LOUIS ISADORE
KAHN

finds architecture in...

MATERIALS
MIES VAN DER
ROHE

finds architecture in...

DETAILS
MARIO BOTTA

finds architecture in...

VOLUME
RICHARD MEIER

finds architecture in...

LIGHT
RENZO PIANO

finds architecture in...

TECHNOLOGY
 NORMAN
FOSTER

finds architecture in...

SUSTAINABILITY
VISUAL ARTS:
ARCHITECTURE
(INTERIOR DESIGN)
01 WHAT IS ARCHITECTURE?
ARCHITECTURE..
It is both a discipline and a practice
that involves the design and
construction of buildings and other
physical structures. It combines art,
science, and technology to create
spaces that are functional, aesthetic,
and sustainable.
ARCHITECTURE..
It is defined to be the “Art and
Science” that goes behind the design
of building structures. The process of
Architecture entails a combination of
planning, designing, and
construction of the product. The
design activity itself is essential as it
focuses on the exterior construction
to the interior final details.
ARCHITECTURE..
The word “Architecture” originates
from the Greek word culture. It has
been derived from the word
“Arkhitekton” which means “Master
Builder” in simple terms.
02 KEY ASPECTS OF ARCHITECTURE
1. DESIGN
Architects design spaces and
structures, considering factors such
as functionality, aesthetics, safety,
and environmental impact. This
involves creating detailed plans
and models, whether for homes,
commercial buildings, public
spaces, or infrastructure.
2. FUNCTIONALITY
Architecture must meet the needs
of its users. This includes
considering how people will use
the space, how the building will be
maintained, and how it will fit into
its surroundings.
3. AESTHETICS
The visual and emotional impact of
a building is a crucial aspect of
architecture. Architects use
principles of design, proportion,
and materials to create spaces that
are visually appealing and that
resonate with cultural and
historical contexts.
4. STRUCTURAL
INTEGRITY
Architects work closely with
engineers to ensure that buildings
are safe and structurally sound.
This involves understanding
materials, construction techniques,
and how buildings will withstand
environmental forces.
5. SUSTAINABILITY
Modern architecture increasingly
focuses on sustainability, including
energy efficiency, the use of
sustainable materials, and
minimizing environmental impact.
This reflects a growing awareness
of environmental issues and the
need for responsible design
practices.
6. CULTURAL AND
HISTORICAL
CONTEXT
Architecture often reflects the
cultural, social, and historical
contexts in which it is created. It
can express the values and identity
of a community or era, and
historical architectural styles can
provide insight into past
civilizations.
7. INNOVATION
Architecture is also a field where
new technologies and ideas are
constantly being explored.
Innovations in materials,
construction methods, and digital
design tools continue to shape the
future of architecture.
03 ARCHITECTURAL MATERIALS
01 Stone

02 Wood

03 Concrete

04 Iron

05 Steel
INTERIOR DESIGN
01 INTERIOR DESIGN
 INTERIOR DESIGN
Interior design is the art and
science of enhancing the interior of
a space to achieve a more
aesthetically pleasing and
functional environment. It involves
a combination of creativity,
technical knowledge, and practical
skills to transform spaces
according to the needs and
preferences of the occupants.
02 HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

Ancient Middle
Renaissance Baroque
Civilizations Ages
C. 500 - 1500 C. 1400 - 1600 C. 1600 - 1750
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

Neo Arts and

Rocco Victorian
Classical Crafts
C. 1730 -1770 C. 1750 -1850 C. 1837 - 1901 C. 1860 - 1910
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

Modernism Postmodernism Contemporary

C. 1900 - 1960 C. 1960 - 1990 C. 1990 - Present
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

I. ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS

Egyptian (c. 3000–30 BCE): Early interior design featured grandiose furniture,
intricate textiles, and symbolic art. Homes often included richly decorated
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

I. ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS
Greek (c. 800–146 BCE): Greek interiors emphasized proportion and harmony,
influenced by their architectural achievements. They used columns, friezes, and
frescoes, with furniture often made from marble and wood.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

I. ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS
Roman (c. 753 BCE–476 CE): Romans adopted Greek aesthetics but incorporated
more opulence, with elaborate mosaics, frescoes, and luxurious materials like marble
and precious stones. They popularized the use of indoor courtyards and private
baths.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

II. MIDDLE AGES

Early Medieval:
Interiors were functional and
simple, reflecting a feudal
society. Furniture was sturdy
and heavy, often made from
oak, with limited decoration.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

II. MIDDLE AGES

Gothic (c. 1100–1500):

Gothic interiors became more
elaborate, featuring high
vaulted ceilings, intricate
woodwork, stained glass
windows, and rich tapestries.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

III. RENAISSANCE

Italian Renaissance:
Emphasized symmetry,
proportion, and geometry.
Interiors were characterized by
classical columns, elaborate
ceilings, and richly decorated
walls with frescoes and
tapestries.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

III. RENAISSANCE

Northern Renaissance:
Focused more on domestic
comfort and introduced the
use of wood paneling and
detailed furniture.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

IV. BAROQUE

Marked by grandeur and

opulence, Baroque interiors
featured dramatic contrasts of
light and shadow, extravagant
use of gilded moldings, and
intricate patterns. Furniture
was ornate, with curved forms
and rich fabrics.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

V. ROCCO

Rococo interiors were

characterized by elegance,
lightness, and playful themes.
The style featured delicate,
asymmetrical designs, pastel
colors, and elaborate, but
graceful, ornamentation.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

VI. NEOCLASSICAL

Inspired by classical antiquity,

Neoclassical interiors were
marked by simplicity, symmetry,
and restrained elegance. This
period saw the use of columns,
clean lines, and a palette of
muted colors.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

VII. VICTORIAN

Victorian interiors were rich

and eclectic, combining
elements from various historical
styles. Interiors often featured
dark wood, heavy drapes,
intricate patterns, and an array
of decorative objects.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

VIII. ARTS AND CRAFTS

This movement emphasized

handcrafted, simple, and
functional design, in reaction
to the industrial revolution’s
mass production. Interiors were
characterized by natural
materials, sturdy construction,
and a focus on craftsmanship.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

IX. MODERNISM

Early Modernism:
Focused on simplicity, function,
and the use of new materials
like steel and glass. Prominent
figures include Frank Lloyd
Wright and Le Corbusier.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

IX. MODERNISM

Mid-Century Modern:
Characterized by clean lines,
organic shapes, and a blend of
form and function. The use of
new materials and techniques
led to open spaces and a
focus on bringing the outdoors
in.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

X. POSTMODERNISM

Reacted against the austerity

of Modernism, embracing
eclecticism, historical
references, and a mix of styles.
Interiors often included bold
colors, patterns, and an ironic
twist.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

XI. CONTEMPORARY

Minimalism:
Emphasizes simplicity and
decluttered spaces with a
focus on functionality and the
use of neutral colors and clean
lines.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

XI. CONTEMPORARY

Sustainable Design:
Incorporates eco-friendly
practices and materials,
focusing on energy efficiency
and reducing environmental
impact.
HISTORY OF INTERIOR DESIGN

XI. CONTEMPORARY

Global Influences:
Modern interiors often reflect
a blend of global styles,
incorporating diverse cultural
elements and innovative
materials.
03 CULTURAL TRADITION
 Chinese Interior Design

Korean Interior Design Japanese Interior Design

Aboriginal Australian
Indian Interior Design
Interior Design CULTURAL
Latin American TRADITION Middle Eastern
Interior Design Interior Design

African Interior Design Mediterranean Interior Design

Scandinavian Interior Design

CULTURAL TRADITION

1. Chinese Interior Design

Traditional Elements: Uses rich colors like red and
gold, symbolizing prosperity and good fortune. Feng
Shui, the ancient practice of arranging spaces
harmoniously, plays a significant role.
Furniture and Decor: Features ornate wooden
furniture with intricate carvings, screens (like the
Chinese folding screen), and decorative items such as
porcelain vases and calligraphy.
Materials: Incorporates materials like silk, bamboo,
and lacquer. Rugs often feature traditional motifs and
patterns.
CULTURAL TRADITION

2. Japanese Interior Design

Zen Philosophy: Emphasizes minimalism, simplicity,
and natural materials. Spaces are designed to foster
tranquility and reflection.
Tatami and Shoji: Tatami mats (straw mats) are used
as flooring, and Shoji screens (translucent sliding
doors) create flexible, open spaces.
Materials: Utilizes wood, paper, and natural fabrics.
Design often includes sliding doors, low furniture, and
an integration of nature through indoor plants and
garden views.
CULTURAL TRADITION

3. Indian Interior Design

Vibrant Colors: Features bold, rich colors such as
deep reds, golds, and vibrant oranges. Traditional
patterns include intricate designs and motifs.
Textiles and Patterns: Uses lavish textiles like silk,
cotton, and wool, often adorned with elaborate
embroidery or block printing. Rugs and cushions add
layers of texture.
Furniture and Decor: Incorporates ornate wooden
furniture, carved with traditional patterns, and
decorative items like brass lamps and intricate mirrors.
CULTURAL TRADITION

4. Middle Eastern Interior Design

Opulence and Detail: Emphasizes luxury with
intricate patterns and rich materials. Decorative
elements often include mosaic tiles, ornate metalwork,
and plush fabrics.
Patterns and Colors: Features geometric patterns,
vibrant colors, and luxurious textiles such as velvet and
silk.
Furniture: Often low and cushioned, such as floor
cushions and low seating arrangements, with detailed
carvings and luxurious fabrics.
CULTURAL TRADITION

7. African Interior Design

Bold and Vibrant: Features vivid colors, geometric
patterns, and textures inspired by nature and
traditional crafts.
Materials and Art: Utilizes natural materials such as
wood, clay, and textiles. Artifacts like masks,
sculptures, and handmade crafts are prominent.
Decor: Emphasizes handcrafted items and tribal art,
with a focus on creating an expressive and energetic
environment.
CULTURAL TRADITION

10. Korean Interior Design

Simplicity and Elegance: Focuses on clean lines,

simplicity, and a balance of space. Traditional design
often includes elements like wooden floors and low,
simple furniture.
Materials and Decor: Incorporates natural materials
such as wood and paper, and uses minimalistic decor
with an emphasis on functionality and harmony.
04 INTERIOR DESIGN AS VISUAL ARTS
1. ARTISTIC EXPRESSION:
Color Theory: Just like in painting, color choices in interior
design evoke emotions and set the tone of a space.
Designers use color palettes to create ambiance and
harmony.

Form and Composition: The arrangement of furniture,

artwork, and architectural elements follows principles
similar to those in visual arts, such as balance, rhythm, and
focal points.
2. SPATIAL ARTISTRY:
Proportions and Scale: Designers manipulate space and
scale, much like artists use proportions and perspective, to
create a sense of harmony and flow within a room.

Texture and Pattern: Using different textures and patterns

in fabrics, wall coverings, and flooring adds depth and
interest, similar to how artists use texture in their work.
3. CREATIVE VISION:
Concept Development: Interior designers often start with
a conceptual vision or theme, much like an artist develops
a concept for a painting or sculpture.

Personal Expression: Like visual artists, interior designers

infuse personal style and creativity into their projects,
reflecting the tastes and needs of their clients.
4. VISUAL IMPACT:
Focus and Emphasis: Designers create focal points within
a space, drawing attention to key elements just as artists
highlight central themes in their work.

Visual Flow: The flow and movement within a space are

carefully orchestrated, akin to how visual artists guide the
viewer’s eye through their composition.
5. FUNCTIONAL ART:
Furniture as Art: Furniture and decor items often double
as functional art pieces, blending practicality with
aesthetic appeal.

Customization: Many interior designers create custom

elements, like bespoke cabinetry or unique light fixtures,
that function as art within the space.
05 PREPARATION FOR DRAWING
MATERIALS
transparent
metric ruler
45° set -square
clip
paper
black felt tip
propelling pencil
tape measure
eraser
MATERIALS
transparent
metric ruler
45° set -square
clip
paper
black felt tip
propelling pencil
tape measure
eraser
LET’S PRACTICE
START WITH BASIC DRILLS
LINES
 GRAPHICS,
TONAL VALUES
AND COLORS
GRAPHICS, TONAL VALUES AND COLORS
GRAPHICS, TONAL VALUES AND COLORS
 GRAPHICS,
TONAL VALUES
AND COLORS
 GRAPHICS,
TONAL VALUES
AND COLORS
 FIGURES IN
PERSPECTIVE
VIEWS
RECALL...
 WHAT I KNOW.........

COMPLETE THE WHAT I WANT TO KNOW...........

STATEMENT.....

WHAT I LEARNED...........
Activity
 1. VALUE USING LINES
RECREATE THE
FOLLOWING IN
YOUR
SKETCHBOOK.
 2. SHADING TEHCNIQUES
RECREATE THE
FOLLOWING IN
YOUR
SKETCHBOOK.
 3. TONAL VALUES
RECREATE THE
FOLLOWING IN
YOUR
SKETCHBOOK.
 MY ROOM....
Instructions:
1. You will create your own sketch
of your dream room.
You need to color it (any materials
will do)
Assignment