Preparing and

Interpreting
Technical Drawing
Prepared by: Mr. Glenn F. Madrid Jr.
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the basic symbols used in technical drawing.
2. Prepare and interpret technical drawing in accordance with the job requirement.
3. Express and communicate ideas through technical drawing.
4. Identify correctly some basic symbols for electrical / electronic schematics drawings.
5. Prepare simple electronic schematic diagram.
6. Attention and be mindful to symbols and details while working on schematic drawing.
7. Identify ways of proper maintenance of equipment / instruments.
8. Prepare a record of inventory in accordance with company or job requirements.
9. Conduct a regular maintenance on equipment/instruments properly according to company
procedure or job requirements to avoid issues.
Identify and
interpret
technical
drawings
PART I.
Flowchart
A flowchart is a diagram that uses
graphic symbols to depict the
nature and flow of the steps in a
process. Another name for this
tool is "flow diagram." A flowchart
is commonly used by systems
analysts to visualize, to design,
and to troubleshoot or improves
an existing system.
What Are the Elements of a Flowchart?
1. Terminator - represented by a small rectangle with curved
corners. It appears at the start and at the end of a flowchart.
2. Process - represented by a rectangle. It refers to an action in
a business process. It must be described clearly and concisely.
A process can be described using a single verb-noun phrase
(e.g. Order Office Supplies).
3. Sub-process - represented by a rectangle with double lines
on each side. A sub process is a major process that could be
broken up into simpler processes developed into another
flowchart.
What Are the Elements of a Flowchart?
4. Decision - represented by a diamond and can answer
a decision of "yes” or "no".
5. Connector - represented by a small circle or a
connector box and is labelled using letters to ensure that
the processes are connected logically and correctly on
several pages.
6. Arrow Lines - drawn in one direction, preferably from
top to bottom, keep a flowchart clear.
Basic Flowchart Symbols
The symbols that are commonly used in flowcharts have specific meanings
and are connected by arrows indicating the flow from one step to another:

Symbols
1. Oval. Ovals indicate both the starting point and
the ending point of the process steps.
2. Box. A box represents an individual step or
activity in the process.
3. Diamond. A diamond shows a decision point,
such as yes/no or go/no-go. Each path emerging
from the diamond must be labelled with one of
the possible answers.
Basic Flowchart Symbols
The symbols that are commonly used in flowcharts have specific meanings
and are connected by arrows indicating the flow from one step to another:

Symbols
4. Circle. A circle indicates that a particular
step is connected to another page or part of
the Flowchart. A letter placed in the circle
clarifies the continuation.
5. Triangle. A triangle shows where an in-
process measurement occurs.
Fig 1. Example
of a Simple
Flowchart
Sample of a work plan flowchart:
Cleaning the Computer
laboratory
Interpret Technical Drawing
How do you interpret flowcharts?
A Flowchart will help you understand your process and uncover ways to
improve it only if you use it to analyze what is happening. Interpreting your
Flowchart will help you to :
• Determine who is involved in the process. Form theories about root causes
• Identify ways to streamline the process.
• Determine how to implement changes to the process.
• Locate cost-added-only steps.
• Provide training on how the process works or should work
Below is a sequence of steps that will help
you through an orderly analysis of
your flowchart.
Step 1 - Examine each process step for the conditions that indicate a
need to improve the process.
Step 2 - Examine each decision symbol. You may want to collect data on
how often there is a "yes" or "no" answer at decision points marked by a
diamond shaped symbol. If most decisions go one way rather than the
other, you may be able to remove this decision point.
Step 3 - Examine each activity symbol if the step help build a key quality
characteristic into the process and if not, consider eliminating it.
Types of flowchart
1. Linear Flowchart is a diagram that displays the
sequence of work steps that make up a process
which can help identify redundant or unnecessary
steps within a process.
2. Deployment Flowchart shows the actual
process flow and identifies the people or groups
involved at each step.
How do we construct a linear flowchart?
The following are the seven steps for developing a linear flowchart
1. Define the process to be flowcharted, and the purpose for flowcharting it.
2. Assemble the right people to develop the flowchart—those operators,
technicians or office workers who are actually involved in the process.
3. Establish process boundaries—the starting and ending points. Identify the
activities or sub processes that are included in the process.
4. List the steps, activities, and decisions to be charted. If your team is not sure
about a step, mark it to be investigated later.
5. Put the steps in chronological sequence. Sometimes it's easier to start with
the last step and work back to the first step.
6. Assign flowchart symbols such as boxes, diamonds, and triangles.
7. Review and title the Flowchart.
Prepare and store
technical drawings
and equipment
/ instruments
Lesson 2
Below are the Schematic Symbols of
Electronic Components
All electronic circuits from the simplest to the most
complex design need diagrams to be used as
reference in designing, modifying, and
troubleshooting the circuit. One of the most
common used electronic diagram is schematic
diagram.
Schematic diagram
A diagram that shows the components used in their
interconnection. Each graphic symbol is also accompanied
with a reference designation to distinguish it from other
similar symbols. It does not illustrate the physical size, shape
or chassis location of the component parts and devices.
Identify different kinds of Technical Drawing
Instrument
Drawing instrument Description Use

Electronic Template A thin flexible plastic with The symbols can be

different electronic and traced using a technical
electrical symbols. pen or pencil in laying
out schematic diagrams.

Drawing Board A smooth board usually Used as working edge

rectangular in shape on which T-square is
provided with perfectly moved while making
straight edge which is drawings.
used as working edge on
which the T- square is
moved while making
drawings
Identify different kinds of Technical Drawing
Instrument
Drawing instrument Description Use
Compass The compass has two legs A compass is used for
hinged at one end. One of drawing circles and
the legs has pointed needle arcs of circles.
fitted at the lower end where
as the other end has
provision for inserting pencil
lead.
Drawing Pins These are usually made of These are used to fix
pointed metal and plastic the drawing sheet on
head with different colors. the drawing board.
Identify different kinds of Technical Drawing
Instrument
Drawing instrument Description Use
Protractor They are semi-circular in Protractors are used
shape and are made of to mark or measure
plastic. angles between 0 and
180o.

T-Square It consists of two parts The working edge of a

namely the stock and the T- square is used to
blade joined together at right draw parallel lines,
angles to each other by vertical lines or
means of screws. inclined lines at 30 or
60 degrees.
Identify different kinds of Technical Drawing
Instrument
Drawing instrument Description Use
Drawing Pencil Drawing pencils. The accuracy and Drawing pencil is use
appearance of a drawing depends to make drawing.
on the quality of pencil used to
make drawing. The grade of a
pencil lead is marked on the pencil.
HB denotes medium grade.
Increase in hardness is shown by
the value put in front of H such as
2H, 3H, etc. Softer pencils are
marked as 2B, 3B, and 4B etc. A
pencil marked 3B is softer than 2B
and pencil marked 4B is softer than
3B and so on. Beginning of a
drawing may be made with H or
2H. For lettering and dimensioning,
H or HB pencils are used.
Identify different kinds of Technical Drawing
Instrument
Drawing instrument Description Use

Set Squares Set squares are They are used

generally made from to draw lines at
plastic material. They are 30o, 60o and
triangular in shape with 45o to the
one corner, a triangle. A vertical or
pair of set squares (30o- horizontal.
60o) and 45o. They are
used to draw lines at
30o, 60o and 45o to the
vertical or horizontal
Store Technical Drawings and Equipment /
Instruments
Tools are often delicate and have many intricate and small
pieces that need to be well maintained to continue
working properly. Organizing and storing these items has
a great deal to do with keeping them in pristine shape
and working correctly. With a little patience and
developing a routine, your tools will be well taken care of
and working for a long time.
Store Technical Drawings and Equipment /
Instruments
1. Lay out all the tools that you use and separate them into piles of like
items. Place all pencils together, markers, erasers, rulers, stencils, paper
and miscellaneous.
2. Using the cleaner, spray the cloth and wipe down supplies that have
residue on them. Pencils, markers, stencils and rulers often retain oils on
them from fingers.
3. Take the erasers and rub out any black marks. Do this by rubbing the
eraser against a clean piece of paper until the black smudge has
disappeared. For kneaded erasers, these can simply be stretched and
remodelled into a ball, similar to bread dough, to get the black smudge
marks out.
Store Technical Drawings and Equipment /
Instruments
4. Run your hands through your drafting brush to remove any
loose debris. Then, wipe it down with the cleaning cloth to remove
any residue from the handle.
5. Roll up your drafting papers into a tight roll. Secure them with a
rubber band at each end. Place the roll into a drafting tube for
storage.
6. Place the pens and markers into the long slots of the organizer
tray. Place the erasers in the smaller cube slots. Fill in with any
other drafting materials, such as lead refills, push pins, paper clips,
small rulers and mounting stickers.
Store Technical Drawings and Equipment /
Instruments
7. Take your compass and wipe it off with the cleaning cloth. If it is going to be
stored in the organizer tray, wind the compass down until it is straight (versus
at an angle, making a triangle shape). If it has its own case, then wind it to the
size the case has set for it to be stored, and place it into the box.
8. Make a folder to hold all your stencils. Create holding flaps in an ascending
order so the stencils can be layered and easy to see and access when
needed. To make these flaps, simply use card stock paper and cut it into 3- or
4-inch sections. Glue each section onto a large main piece of card stock,
starting towards the top for the smallest stencil and working your way down
to the bottom. Glue three of the four edges, leaving the top edge open for
the stencil to slide into.
Store Technical Drawings and Equipment /
Instruments
9. Place this newly made stencil holder into a large plastic
or mesh pouch. Put a dry cleaning cloth in the pouch,
placed over the stencils, to help keep them clean.
10.Place the drafting brush and rulers into the pouch.
Then place the organizer tray into the pouch. If the
compass had its own storage box, then place this in the
pouch. All the major tools should now be in this portable
carrying pouch with your paper in the separate portable
carrying drafting tube.
PROCEDURES IN RECEIVING AND
STORING TOOLS AND MATERIALS
Inventory
Inventory is the collection of the idle stock of
physical goods that contain economic value,
and are held in various forms by an
organization in its custody awaiting packing
processing, transformation, use or sale in a
future point of time.
PROCEDURES IN RECEIVING AND
STORING TOOLS AND MATERIALS
Inventory Form
The inventory form contains information about
items (name, number, sales and purchase
information, and cost of goods sold account
information) that any business purchases,
tracks in inventory, and displays on a balance
sheet.
SAMPLE FOR AN INVENTORY RECORD
SAMPLE FOR A BORROWER SLIP