EXP.

NO:19
HEADING
: QUALITATAIVE SALT ANALYSIS - VI
AIM : TO ANALYSE THE GIVEN SALT FOR ACIDIC AND BASIC RADICALS

SL.NO EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE

Preliminary tests
Physical examination : Light pink, flesh colour or
1 Mn2+ present
(a) Noted the colour of the salt earthy colour
(b) Noted the smell of the salt NH4+, S2- & CH3COO-
No specific odour
may absent.
Dry heating test : (i)Greenish yellow, turns
Heated a pinch of salt in a dry test starch iodide paper blue
tube and noted the following (ii) Pungent smell evolved.
observation : The gas gave white fumes Some hydrated
(a) Gas evolved when a glass rod dipped in Cl-,Br-, of I- may be
aqueous ammonia is present
brought near the mouth of
the test tube. White ppt
with silver nitrate solution
Ammonium halide,
Aluminium
(b) Sublimation No sublimate formed
chloride ,Iodide may
2 be absent
Lead nitrate, Barium
nitrate, Sodium
No cracking sound
(c) Decrepitation chloride, Potassium
observed
iodide & potassium
iodide may be absent
Alkali(Sodium,
(d) Fusion Salt does not fuse Potassium salts may
be absent
Coloured salt becomes Mn2+ ,Cu2+,Co2+ may
( e ) Colour of the residue
brown or black on heating present
Charcoal cavity test :
Mixed a pinch of the salt with
double the quantity of Na2CO3 and when hot, black residue Zn2+,Pb2+, Mn2+ may
3
heated the mixture on a charcoal formed be absent
cavity in the reducing flame
Cobalt nitrate test:
To the above white residue added a Zn2+,Mg2+,Al3+, PO43-
4 drop of cobalt nitrate solution. No Characteristic colour
may be absent
Heated it in oxidizing flame
 Flame test :
5 Prepared a paste of the salt with Green flashes observed Mn2+ or Zn2+present
Conc. HCl and performed flame test
Borax bead test : In oxidizing flame pinkish
Did not perform this test since the violet in both hot and cold.
6 Mn2+ present
given salt was white In Reducing flame
colourless , hot and cold
Dilute Sulphuric acid test :
Treated a pinch of salt with CO32-,S2-,NO3-,SO32-
7 No gas evolved
dil.sulphuric acid and warmed may be absent
KMnO4 test:
To a pinch of salt added Pink colour of KMnO4
dil.sulphuric acid warm and then a was discharged with the
drop KMnO4 solution. evolution of yellowish
8 Cl-, may be present
green gas having
characteristic pungent
smell

Conc. Sulphuric acid test : A colourless gas having

Heated a pinch of the salt with pungent smell evolved.
Conc.sulphuric acid and added to it a The gas gave white fumes
paper pellet when a glass rod dipped in
NH4OH solution was
9 Cl-, may be present
brought near the mouth of
the test tube. White
precipitate formed when
silver nitrate solution
added
Conc.NaOH test :
10 Heated a pinch of the salt with conc. No Ammonia gas evolved. NH4+ absent
NaOH solution
Confirmatory test for chloride:
(a) Preparation sodium carbonate
test:(S.E) Took
about 1 g of the salt added double
the quantity of solid Na2CO3 and A white precipitate formed
about 10 ml of water. Boiled for which was soluble in Cl- is Confirmed
some time, cooled and filtered. NH4OH
11 (a) Silver nitrate test :
Acidified a portion of S.E with
HNO3. Boiled , cooled and added
silver nitrate solution
(b) Manganese dioxide test: A greenish yellow gas
Heated a small quantity of the salt having pungent smell
with solid manganese dioxide and Cl- is Confirmed
evolved. The gas turned
Conc. H2SO4. starch –iodide paper blue.
 Preparation of original solution (O.S)
Shook a pinch of salt in distilled water and added dilute HCl or Conc.HCl
Group I
To the part of the O.S , added 1-2 No precipitate
12 Group I absent.(Pb2+ absent)
ml of dilute HCl formed
Group II
Through the part of the above No precipitate Group II absent.(Pb2+ , Cu2+,
13
solution ,passed hydrogen sulphide formed As3+, absent)
gas
Group III
To the remaining solution, added a
pinch of solid ammonium chloride. No precipitate Group III absent.(Fe3+,Al3+
14
Boiled the solution, cooled it and formed absent)
added excess of ammonium
hydroxide solution
Group IV
Buff (flesh)
Through the part of the Group IV present.( Mn2+
15 coloured
solution ,passed hydrogen sulphide present)
precipitate formed
gas
Group V To the remaining
solution, added ammonical Group V present.
White precipitate
16 solution and then added (Ca ,Ba2+,Sr2+ may be present
2+
formed
ammonium carbonate solution. )

Confirmatory test for

Manganese:
(a) Sodium hydroxide Br2 test:
To the O.S, added NaOH solution black or brown
and Shacked. White ppt formed, Mn2+ is Confirmed
precipitate formed
added Br2 water to white ppt.
17

(b) Lead peroxide test:

To the black ppt added
Conc.HNO3 and lead peroxide. Pink coloured
Mn2+ is Confirmed
Boiled, cooled and allowed to solution obtained
settle.

Result: The given salt contains Acid radical : Cl-

Basic radical : Mn2+

Salt : Manganese Chloride