¥ AGN (Comp. /Sem. sMsaTe) ‘Arouter to which the site is connected ¢¢ Lee advertise new prefix. The site is allowed to use its old pref for sometime before its finally disabled, This implies that site uses two prefites during the transition period, However the problem in using this renum h bering mechanism is that it needs support of DNS, To overcome Problem, a new DNS protocol called New Generation DNS is being studied because it can support the renumbering mechanism, 25.41 Migrating to IPvé (Compatibility to IPv4) : 4, Ihwas IPv4's success that made an upgrade necessary, which means that there is a large number of IPv4 users that to be upgraded to 1Pv6. Keeping the transition orderly was a major objective of the entie tng program. The cutover date when IPvé would be turned ‘on and IPvA turned off has not been decided, 2. The simple strategy for upgrading involves deployment of IPv6 protocol stack in parallel with IPv4. In other words, hosts that upgradé to IPv6 will continue to simultaneously exist as IPv4 hosts. 3. An experimental IPvé backbone, or 6 bone, has been set vp to handle 1Pv6 Internet trafic in parallel with the regular Internet. Such hosts will continue to have 32-bit v4 addresses but will add 128-bit IPv6 addresses. By 1999, hundreds of networks were linked to the 6 bone. 4. The transition can be achieved through two approaches: protocal tunneling or IPv4/1Pv6 dual stack. 2.5.2 Comparison between IPv4 and IPv6 : Pv 1Pve z (without option fields). The ‘maximum total length of the \Pv4 header is 60 bytes (with option fields), and it Uses 13 fields to identify Various control settings, Information is carried by the ‘extension header, which is Placed after the PvE header, IPv4 header hase checksum, which must be ‘computed by each router IP has no- header checksum because checksums for example, above the TCP/IP. Protocol suite, and above the Token Ring, Ethemet, ete, IPv4 contains an 8-bit field called Service Type. The Service Type field is Composed of a TOS (Type of Service) field and a procedure field The IPv8 header contains an Bit field called the Traffic Class Field. This field allows the traffic source 10 identify the desired delivery briority ofits packets. The IPv4 node has only ‘Statefulauto-configuration. The IPV6 node has both a stateful and a stateless address autoconfiguration mechanism. Security in IPv4 networks is. limited to tunneling between ‘two networks IPV5 has been designed to satisfy the growing and expanded need for network security. Source and destination addresses are 32 bits (4 bytes) in length. Source and destination addresses are 128 bits (16 bytes) in length. IPsec support is optional. {IPsec support is required a IPv4 IPV6 No identification of packet flow for QoS handling by routers is present within the IPv4 header. Packet flow identification for QoS handling by routers is included in the IPV6 header using the Flow Label field In IPv4 there are only 2° | In IPv6 there are 2”* possible ways to represent | possible way (about the address (about 4 bition | 3.4 x 10" possible Possible addresses) addresses) The IPv4 address is written | IPv6 is writen in by dotted-decimal notation, | hexadecimal and consists of 29. 121.2.8.12 8 groups, containing 4 hexadecimal digits or 8 groups of 16 bits each, e.g FABC: ACT? 7834:2222:FACB: ‘AB98: 5432:4567 +—_______| The basic length of the IPv4 | The IPV6 header is a fixed header comprises a | header of 40 bytes in length, ‘Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) uses broadcast ARP Request frames to resolve an IPv4 address to a link layer address, ‘ARP Request frames are replaced with multicast Neighbour Solicitation messages. ‘Must be configured either manually or through DHCP. Does not réquire manual configuration or DHCP. ICMP Router Discovery is used fo determine the IPv4 address of the best default gateway and is optional ICMP Router Discovery is | « replaced with —ICMPV6 Router’ Solicitation and Router Advertisement messages and is required. ‘minimum of _20__bytes | and has only 8 fields. Option Header includes options ‘All optional data is moved to 1PV6 extension headers. cakunwedge ae © Scanned with OKEN Scanner¥ ACN (Comp. /Sem. 5/MSBTE) = DHCP DHCP is designed for dynamic environment. DHCP does not require an. . administration to add ‘an entry for each computer, so the database that server uses. “ DHCP was designed with aim to manage network and the clients automatically. With -DHCP, network and client information need not be configured manually for individual hosts, BOOTP is designed for static environment. A manager creates a BOOTP configuration file that specifies. a set of BOOTP parameters for each host. BOOTP does _ rot manage clients and network automatically. BOOTP does not include way to- dynamically assign values to individual machines. © Scanned with OKEN Scanner