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Tutorial FM Dr. A. R. Paul - Unit 3 & 4

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20 views2 pages

Tutorial FM Dr. A. R. Paul - Unit 3 & 4

Uploaded by

bhumichahar030
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Fluid Mechanics & Hydraulic Machines (AMN13104)

Assignment-3 (based on Unit-3 & 4)


[1] An oil of viscosity 0.12 N-s/m2 and density 900 kg/m3 flows between two large parallel
plates which are kept at a distance of 20 mm apart. The maximum velocity of flow is
1.5 m/s. Determine (a) the average velocity, (b) the velocity at 5 mm from the plates,
(c) the discharge per m width, (d) the velocity gradients at the plates, (e) the shear
stresses at the plates and (f) the difference in pressure between two points 10 m apart.
[2] Water at 20ºC flows between two large parallel plates which are 4 mm apart. The upper
plate moves to the right (positive x-direction) with a uniform speed of 1 m/s, while the
lower one moves to the left at speed of 1 m/s. The pressure gradient along positive x-
direction is -900 Pa/m drives the flow. Assuming the flow to be fully developed,
determine the net flow rate between the two plates. Does the flow rate vary along x.
Viscosity of water at 20ºC is 0.001 N-s/m2.
[3] An oil with density 900 kg/m3 and viscosity 0.18 N-s/m2 flows through a 10 cm
diameter horizontal pipe. The pressure drop over a 10 m length of pipe is 10 kPa.
Determine the average velocity, the flow rate and the wall shear stress.
[4] The velocity distribution in a circular pipe is given by Blasius one-seventh power
velocity distribution as
1
u  r 7
 1  
umax  R

where u is the velocity at a distance r from the centre, umax is the maximum velocity at
the centre of the pipe and R is the pipe radius. Find the ratio of average velocity of flow
in the pipe to maximum velocity.
[5] Water at 20ºC is flowing steadily through a 5 cm diameter and 5 m long pipe at a rate
2.5 litres per minute. Find the shear stress on the internal wall of the pipe. The density
and dynamic viscosity of water at 20ºC are 1000 kg/m3 and 0.001 N-s/m2.
[6] A 50 cm diameter pipe of length 500 m is connected in series to a 30 cm diameter pipe
of length 300 m to convey discharge. Assume that the friction factor remains the same
for both the pipes and the minor losses are negligible. Determine
(a) An equivalent length of 40 cm diameter pipe.
(b) An equivalent size of pipe of 800 m length.
[7] Two pipes of identical length and material are connected in parallel. The diameter of
one pipe is twice the diameter of the other. If the friction factor is same in both the
pipes, find the ratio of the flow rates in the two pipes. Neglect all losses except pipe
friction.
[8] The velocity distribution in the turbulent boundary layer over a flat plate is given as
1
u  y 7
 
U   
Obtain the expression for the displacement thickness and momentum thickness.
[9] Consider a steady, laminar, constant density, flow over a flat plate. If the free stream
velocity changes from 4 m/s to 9 m/s, keeping all other conditions unaltered, what is the
percentage change in wall shear stress at a given distance x?
[10] A flat plate of 1 m length and 0.8 m wide is kept parallel to a uniform stream of air of
velocity 2 m/s. The velocity profile within the boundary layer is expressed in terms of
boundary layer thickness as
3
u 3 y 1 y
   
U 2  2   
Find (a) boundary layer thickness at the trailing edge of the plate, (b) boundary layer
rate of growth at the trailing edge, (c) local skin friction coefficient at the trailing edge,
(d) the average skin friction coefficient up to the trailing edge, (e) wall shear stress at
the end of the plate and (f) drag force on both sides of the plate. The kinematic
viscosity and density of air are 1.510-5 m2/s and 1.23 kg/m3, respectively.
[11] Air moves over a flat plate of 3 m length and 1 m wide with a uniform velocity 20 m/s.
The boundary layer flow changes from laminar to turbulent at a Reynolds number 5 
105. Find the boundary layer thickness at the edge of the laminar boundary layer, and
the total drag force on one side of the plate. The kinematic viscosity and density of air
are 1.510-5 m2/s and 1.23 kg/m3, respectively. The boundary layer thickness and the
drag coefficient are given by Blasius solution of the boundary layer equation as
5x 1.328
 , Cd 
Re x Re x
[12] A flat plate of area 3.25 m2 moves at 10 m/s in a stationary air at 20ºC. The coefficient
of lift and drag are 0.8 and 0.12 respectively. Compute (a) the lift force, (b) the drag
force and (c) the resultant force. Density of air at 20ºC is 1.23 kg/m3.
[13] A spherical ball of diameter 6 mm and density 8000 kg/m3 is falling in an oil of
unknown viscosity. If the ball attains a terminal velocity of 50 mm/s, find the viscosity
of oil. The density of oil is given as 900 kg/m3.
[14] An airplane weighing 33200 N is flying at a velocity of 300 km/hr. The plane has a
wing surface area of 25 m2. If the coefficient of drag is 0.025, find (a) the coefficient of
lift, (b) the drag force and (c) the power required to drive the plane. The density of air is
given as 1.2 kg/m3.

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