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AC Generator

A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy and can produce either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). The operation of AC generators is based on electromagnetic induction, discovered by Michael Faraday, where a magnetic field induces an electric current in a coil of wire. Key components of an AC generator include a strong magnetic field, rotating conductors, and a continuous connection provided by slip rings and brushes.

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41 views4 pages

AC Generator

A generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy and can produce either alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). The operation of AC generators is based on electromagnetic induction, discovered by Michael Faraday, where a magnetic field induces an electric current in a coil of wire. Key components of an AC generator include a strong magnetic field, rotating conductors, and a continuous connection provided by slip rings and brushes.

Uploaded by

yooges.acm
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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A generator is a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Generators
can be subdivided into two major categories depending on whether the electric current
produced is alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC). The basic principle on which
both types of generators work is the same, although the details of construction of the two may
differ somewhat.

General About AC Generator


In 1820, Danish physicist Hans Christian Oersted (1777–1851) discovered that an electric
current created a magnetic field around it. French physicist André Marie Amperè (1775–
1836) then found that a coil of wire with current running through it behaved just like a
magnet.

In about 1831, English physicist Michael Faraday (1791–1867) discovered the scientific
principle on which generators operate: electromagnetic induction. By reversing the work of
Oersted and extending the work of Amperè, Faraday reasoned that if a current running
through a coiled wire could produce a magnetic field, then a magnetic field could induce
(generate) a current of electricity in a coil of wire. By moving a magnet back and forth in or
near a coil of wire, he created an electrical current without any other source of voltage
feeding the wire.

Principle of operation
A simple AC generator consists of (Figure 3) a strong magnetic field, conductors that rotate
through that magnetic field, and a means by which a continuous connection is provided to the
conductors as they are rotating . The strong magnetic field is produced by a current flow through
the field coil of the rotor. The field coil in the rotor receives excitation through the use of slip
rings and brushes. Two brushes are spring-held in contact with the slip rings to provide
the continuous connection between the field coil and the external excitation circuit. The
armature is contained within the windings of the stator and is connected to the output. Each time the
rotor makes one complete revolution, one complete cycle of AC is developed. A generator has many
turns of wire wound into the slots of the rotor. The magnitude of AC voltage generated by an AC
generator is dependent on the field strength and speed of the rotor. Most generators are operated at a
constant speed; therefore, the generated voltage depends on field excitation, or strength.

Steps Of AC Generator Works


Production of AC Current
Modern Design of AC generator

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