CHAPTER TEST

1. Arun scored 36 marks in English, 44 marks in Civics, 75 marks in

Mathematics and x marks in Science. If he has scored an average
of 50 marks, find x.
Solution:
Marks scored in English = 36
Marks scored in Civics = 44
Marks scored in Mathematics = 75
N AT IS
Marks scored in Science = x

C N
PY
O C D
No. of subjects = 4
O IO
D U AA

sum of marks
Average marks =
ONo.of subjects
ED PR

= 50 [Given]
(36+44+75+𝑥)
T

=
4
©

155 + 𝑥 = 4 × 50
155 + 𝑥 = 200
𝑥 = 200 − 155
𝑥 = 45
Hence the value of x is 45.

2. The mean of 20 numbers is 18. If 3 is added to each of the first ten

numbers, find the mean of new set of 20 numbers.
Solution:
Given the mean of 20 numbers = 18
Sum of numbers = 18 × 20 = 360
If 3 is added to each of first 10 numbers, then new sum = (3 × 10) + 360
= 30 + 360
= 390
390
New mean = = 19.5
20

Hence the mean of new set of 20 numbers is 19.5.

N AT IS
3. The average height of 30 students is 150 cm. It was detected later

C N
PY
that one value of 165 cm was wrongly copied as 135 cm for
O C D
O IO
computation of mean. Find the correct mean.
D U AA

Solution:
O
ED PR

Average height of 30 students = 150 cm

So sum of height = 150 × 30 = 4500
T

Difference between correct value and wrong value = 165 – 135 = 30

©

So actual sum = 4500 + 30 = 4530

4530
So actual mean = = 31
30

Hence the correct mean 31.

4. There are 50 students in a class of which 40 are boys and the rest
girls. The average weight of the students in the class is 44 kg and
average weight of the girls is 40 kg. Find the average weight of
boys.
Solution:
Total number of students = 50
No. of boys = 40
No. of girls = 50 – 40 = 10
Average weight of 50 students = 44 kg
So sum of weight = 44 × 50 = 2200 kg
Average weight of girls = 40 kg
So sum of weight of girls = 40 × 10 = 400 kg
Total weight of boys = 2200 – 400 = 1800 kg
1800
N AT IS
Average weight of boys = = 45 kg
40

C N
PY
O C D
Hence the average weight of boys is 45 kg.
O IO
D U AA

O
5. The contents of 50 boxes of matches were counted giving the
ED PR

following results.
T

No. of matches 41 42 43 44 45 46
©

No. of boxes 5 8 13 12 7 5

Calculate the mean number of matches per box.

Solution:
No. of matches x No. of boxes f fx
41 5 205
42 8 336
43 13 559
44 12 528
45 7 315
46 5 230
Total ∑ 𝑓 = 50 ∑ 𝑓𝑥 = 2173
 Σ𝑓𝑥
Mean =
Σ𝑓
2173
=
50

= 43.46
Hence the mean is 43.46.

6. The heights of 50 children were measured (Correct to the nearest

cm) giving the following results
Height (in cm)N AT IS 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73
No. of children 1 4 5 7 11 10 6 4 2

C N
PY
O C D
O IO
Calculate the mean height for this distribution correct to one place of
D U AA

decimal.
Solution: O
ED PR

Height x No. of children f fx

T

65 1 65
©

66 4 264
67 5 335
68 7 476
69 11 759
70 10 700
71 6 426
72 4 288
73 2 146
Total ∑ 𝑓 = 50 ∑ 𝑓𝑥 = 3459

Σ𝑓𝑥
Mean =
Σ𝑓
 3459
=
50

= 69.18 [corrected to one decimal place]

Hence the mean is 69.2.

7. Find the value of p for the following distribution whose mean is

20.6.
Variate (𝒙𝒊 ) 10 15 20 25 35
Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) 3 10 p 7 5
N AT IS
Solution:

C N
PY
O C D
Variate (𝒙𝒊 ) Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) 𝒇𝒊 𝒙 𝒊
O IO
D U AA

10 3 30
15
20 O 10
P
150
20p
ED PR

25 7 175
T

35 5 175
Total ∑ 𝒇𝒊 = 𝟐𝟓 + 𝒑 ∑ 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟓𝟑𝟎 + 𝟐𝟎𝒑
©

Σ𝑓𝑥
Mean =
Σ𝑓
(530+20𝑝)
20.6 = (25+𝑝)
[Given mean = 20.6]

20.6(25 + 𝑝) = (530 + 20𝑝)

515 + 20.6𝑝 = 530 + 20𝑝
20.6 − 20𝑝 = 530 − 515
0.6𝑝 = 15
15
𝑝=
0.6
𝑝 = 25
Hence the value of p is 25.

8. Find the value of p is the mean of the following distribution is 18.

Variate (𝒙𝒊 ) 13 15 17 19 20 + p 23
Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) 8 2 3 4 5p 6

Solution:
Variate (𝒙𝒊 )
N AT IS Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊
13 8 104
15 2 30

C N
PY
O C D
17 3 51
O IO
D U AA

19 4 76
20 + p
23 O 5p
6
5𝑝2 + 100𝑝
138
ED PR

Total ∑ 𝒇𝒊 = 𝟐𝟑 + 𝟓𝒑 ∑ 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟑𝟗𝟗 + 𝟓𝒑𝟐 + 𝟏𝟎𝟎𝒑

T
©

Σ𝑓𝑥
Mean =
Σ𝑓

(399+5𝑝2 +100𝑝)
= 18 = [Given mean = 18]
23 + 5p

= 18(23 + 5𝑝) = 399 + 5𝑝2 + 100𝑝

= 414 + 90𝑝 = 399 + 5𝑝2 + 100𝑝
= 5𝑝2 + 100𝑝 − 90𝑝 + 399 − 414 = 0
= 5𝑝2 + 10𝑝 − 15 = 0
Dividing by 5, we get
= 𝑝2 + 2𝑝 − 3 = 0
 = (𝑝 − 1)(𝑝 + 3) = 0
= 𝑝 − 1 = 0 or 𝑝 + 3 = 0
= 𝑝 = 1 or 𝑝 = −3
p cannot be negative.
So p = 1
Hence the value of p is 1.

9. Find the mean age in years from the frequency distribution given
below: N AT IS
Age in years 25 – 29 30 – 34 35 – 39 40 – 44 45 – 49 50 – 54 55 – 59

C N
PY
O C D
No. of persons 4 14 22 16 6 5 3
O IO
D U AA

Solution:

O
The given distribution is not continuous.
ED PR

(30−29) 1
Adjustment factor = = = 0.5
2 2
T

We subtract 0.5 from lower limit of the class interval and add 0.5 to upper
©

limit.
So the new table in continuous from is given below.
Age Mid value Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊
(𝒙𝒊 )
24.5 – 29.5 27 4 108
29.5 – 34.5 32 14 448
34.5 – 29.5 37 22 814
39.5 – 44.5 42 16 672
44.5 – 49.5 47 6 282
49.5 – 54.5 52 5 260
54.5 – 59.5 57 3 171
Total ∑ 𝒇𝒊 = 𝟕𝟎 ∑ 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟐𝟕𝟓𝟓
 Σ𝑓𝑥
Mean =
Σ𝑓
2755
=
70

= 39.357
= 39.36
Hence the mean age is 39.36 years.

10. Calculate the Arithmetic mean, correct to one decimal place, for
the following frequency
N AT IS
Marks 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80 80-90 90-100

C N
PY
Students 2 4 5 16 20 10 6 8 4
O C D
O IO
D U AA

Solution:
O
ED PR

(𝐮𝐩𝐩𝐞𝐫 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐭 + 𝐥𝐨𝐰𝐞𝐫 𝐜𝐥𝐚𝐬𝐬 𝐥𝐢𝐦𝐢𝐭)

Class marks, 𝑥𝑖 =
𝟐
T

Class interval Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) Class mark (𝒙𝒊 ) 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊

©

10 – 20 2 15 30
20 – 30 4 25 100
30 – 40 5 35 175
40 – 50 16 45 720
50 – 60 20 55 1100
60 – 70 10 65 650
70 – 80 6 75 450
80 – 90 8 85 680
90 – 100 4 95 380
Total ∑ 𝒇𝒊 = 𝟕𝟓 ∑ 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟒𝟐𝟖𝟓

∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
Mean = ∑ 𝑓𝑖
 4285
=
75

= 57.133
= 57.1
Hence the mean is 57.1.

11. The mean of the following frequency distribution is 62.8. Find

the value of p.
Class 0 – 20 20 – 40 40 - 60 60 – 80 80 – 100 100 – 120
Frequency 5N AT IS 8 p 12 7 8

C N
PY
O C D
Solution:
O IO
D U AA

Class interval Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) Class mark (𝒙𝒊 ) 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊

0 – 20 O5 10 50
ED PR

20 – 40 8 30 240
40 – 60 P 50 50p
T

60 – 80 12 70 840
©

80 – 100 7 90 630
100 – 120 8 110 880
Total ∑ 𝒇𝒊 = 𝟒𝟎 + 𝒑 ∑ 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟐𝟔𝟒𝟎 + 𝟓𝟎𝒑

∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
Mean = ∑ 𝑓𝑖
(2640+50𝑝)
= 62.5 = [Given mean = 62.8]
40+𝑝

62.8(40 + 𝑝) = 2640 + 50𝑝

2512 + 62.8𝑝 = 2640 + 50𝑝
62.8𝑝 − 50𝑝 = 2640 − 2512
12.8𝑝 = 128
128
𝑝=
12.8

𝑝 = 10
Hence the value of p is 10.

12. The daily expenditure of 100 families are given below. Calculate
𝒇𝟏 and 𝒇𝟐 , if the mean daily expenditure is Rs. 188.
Expenditure 140 – 160 160 – 180 180 - 200 200 – 220 220 – 240
in Rs. N AT IS
No. of 5 25 𝒇𝟏 𝒇𝟐 5

C N
PY
families
O C D
O IO
D U AA

Solution:
O
ED PR

Give mean = 188

Class interval Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) Class mark (𝒙𝒊 ) 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊
T

140 – 160 5 150 750

©

160 – 180 25 170 4250

180 – 200 𝑓1 190 190𝑓1
200 – 220 𝑓2 210 210𝑓2
220 – 240 5 230 1150
Total ∑ 𝒇𝒊 = 𝟑𝟓 + ∑ 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟔𝟏𝟓𝟎 +
𝒇𝟏 + 𝒇𝟐 = 𝟏𝟎𝟎 𝟏𝟗𝟎𝒇𝟏 + 𝟐𝟏𝟎𝒇𝟐

Given no. of families = 100

So 35 + 𝑓1 + 𝑓2 = 100
𝑓1 + 𝑓2 = 100 − 35 = 65
𝑓1 = 65 − 𝑓2 … (i)
 ∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
Mean = ∑ 𝑓𝑖
(6150+190𝑓1 +210𝑓2)
188 = [Given mean = 188]
100

188(100) = 6150 + 190𝑓1 + 210𝑓2

18800 = 6150 + 190𝑓1 + 210𝑓2
18800 − 6150 = 190𝑓1 + 210𝑓2 … (ii)
Substitute (i) and (ii)
12650 = 190(65 − 𝑓2 ) + 210𝑓2
12650 = 12350 − 190𝑓2 + 210𝑓2
N AT IS
12650 − 12350 = −190𝑓2 + 210𝑓2

C N
PY
O C D
O IO
300 = 20𝑓2
D U AA

𝑓2 =
300
20
= 15 O
ED PR

Put 𝑓2 in (i)
T

𝑓1 = 65 − 15
©

𝑓2 = 50
Hence the value of 𝑓1 and 𝑓2 is 50 and 15 respectively.

13. The measures of the diameter of the heads of 150 screw is given
in the following table. If the mean diameter of the heads of the
screws is 51.2 mm, find the values of p and q.
Diameter 32 – 36 37 – 41 42 – 46 47 – 51 52 – 56 57 – 61 62 – 66
in mm
No. of 15 17 p 25 q 20 30
screws
Solution:
Given mean = 51.2 mm
The given distribution is not continuous,
(37−36)
Adjustment factor = = 0.5
2

We subtract 0.5 from lower limit of the class interval and add 0.5 to upper
limit.
So the new table in continuous from is given below.
Age Mid value Frequency (𝒇𝒊 ) 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊
N AT IS (𝒙𝒊 )
31.5 – 36.5 34 15 510

C N
36.5 – 41.5

PY
39 17 663
O C D

41.5 – 46.5
O IO
44 p 44p
D U AA

46.5 – 51.5 49 25 1225

51.5 – 56.5 O 54 q 54q
ED PR

56.5 – 61.5 59 20 1180

61.5 – 66.5 64 30 1920
T

Total ∑ 𝒇𝒊 = 𝟏𝟎𝟕 + ∑ 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟓𝟒𝟗𝟖 + 𝟒𝟒𝒑 +

©

𝒑+𝒒 𝟓𝟒𝒒

Given No. of screws = 150

107 + 𝑝 + 𝑞 = 150
𝑝 = 150 − 107 − 𝑞
𝑝 = 43 − 𝑞 … (i)
∑ 𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
Mean = ∑ 𝑓𝑖
(5498+44𝑝+54𝑞)
51.2 =
150

51.2 × 150 = 5498 + 44𝑝 + 54𝑞

7680 = 5498 + 44(43 − 𝑞) + 54𝑞
7680 = 5498 + 1892 − 44𝑞 + 54𝑞
7680 − 5498 − 1892 = −44𝑞 + 54𝑞
290 = 10𝑞
290
𝑞= = 29
10

Put q in (i)
𝑝 = 43 − 29
𝑝 = 14 N AT IS
Hence the value of p and q is 14 and 29 respectively.

C N
PY
O C D
O IO
D U AA

14. The median of the following numbers, arranged in ascending

O
order is 25. Find x.
ED PR

𝟏𝟏, 𝟏𝟑, 𝟏𝟓, 𝟏𝟗, 𝒙 + 𝟐, 𝒙 + 𝟒, 𝟑𝟎, 𝟑𝟓, 𝟑𝟗, 𝟒𝟔

T

Solution:
©

Here n = 10, which is even

Median = 25
𝑡ℎ
1 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑛
So median = ( term + (( ) + 1) term)
2 2 2

𝑡ℎ
1 10𝑡ℎ 10
25 = ( term + (( ) + 1) term)
2 2 2

1
25 = (5𝑡ℎ term + (6)𝑡ℎ term)
2
1
25 = (𝑥 + 2 + 𝑥 + 4)
2
 1
25 = (2𝑥 + 6)
2

2𝑥 + 6 = 25 × 2
2𝑥 + 6 = 50
2𝑥 = 50 − 6 = 44
44
𝑥= = 22
2

Hence the value of 𝑥 is 22.

15. If the median of 5, 9, 11, 3, 4, x, 8 is 6, find the values of x.

N AT IS
Solution:

C N
PY
O C D
Arranging number is ascending order
O IO
D U AA

O
3, 4, 5, 6, x, 8, 9, 11
Here n = 7 which is odd
ED PR

Given median = 6
T

(𝑛+1) 𝑡ℎ
©

So median = ( ) term
2

(7+1) 𝑡ℎ
6=( ) term
2

8 𝑡ℎ
6=( ) term
2

6 = 4𝑡ℎ term
6=𝑥
Hence the value of x is 6.
16. Find the median of: 17, 26, 60, 45, 33, 32, 29, 34, and 56. If 26 is
replaced by 62, find the new median.
Solution:
Arranging numbers is ascending order
17, 26, 29, 32, 33, 34, 45, 56, 60
Here n = 9 which is odd.
(𝑛+1) 𝑡ℎ
So median = ( ) term
2

(9+1) 𝑡ℎ
=( ) term
2
N AT IS
10 𝑡ℎ

C N
PY
=( ) term
O C D
2
O IO
D U AA

= 5𝑡ℎ term
= 33 O
ED PR

Hence median is 33.

T

If 26 is replaced by 62, new set of numbers in ascending order is shown

©

below.
17, 29, 32, 33, 34, 45, 56, 60, 62
Here n = 9 which is odd.
(𝑛+1) 𝑡ℎ
So median = ( ) term
2

(9+1) 𝑡ℎ
=( ) term
2

10 𝑡ℎ
=( ) term
2

= 5𝑡ℎ term
= 34
Hence median is 34.

17. The marks scored by 16 students in a class test are: 3, 6, 8, 13,

15, 5, 21, 23, 17, 10, 9, 1, 20, 21, 18, 12
Find
(i) The median
(ii) Lower quartile
(iii) Upper quartile
Solution:
N AT IS
C N
PY
Arranging data in ascending order
O C D
O IO
D U AA

1, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 21, 23

O
Here n = 16 which is even
ED PR

𝑡ℎ
1 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑛
(i) So median = ( term + (( ) + 1) term)
T

2 2 2
©

𝑡ℎ
1 16𝑡ℎ 16
= ( term + (( ) + 1) term)
2 2 2

1
= (8𝑡ℎ term + (8 + 1)𝑡ℎ term)
2
1
= (8𝑡ℎ term + 9𝑡ℎ term)
2
1
= (12 + 13)
2
1
= × 25
2

= 12.5
Hence the median is 12.5.
 𝑛 𝑡ℎ
(ii) Lower quartile, Q1 = ( ) term
4
16
=
4

= 4th term
=6
Hence the lower quartile is 6.

3𝑛 𝑡ℎ
(iii) Upper quartile, Q1 = ( ) term
N AT IS 4

16 𝑡ℎ
= (3 × ) term

C N
PY
4
O C D

= (3 × 4)𝑡ℎ term
O IO
D U AA

= 12𝑡ℎ term
O
ED PR

= 18
T

Hence the upper quartile is 18.

©

18. Find the median and mode for the set of numbers: 2, 2, 3, 5, 5,
6, 8, 9
Solution:
Here n = 9 which is odd.
𝑛+1 𝑡ℎ
Median = ( ) term
2

9+1 𝑡ℎ
Median = ( ) term
2

10 𝑡ℎ
Median = ( ) term
2
Median = 5𝑡ℎ term
Median = 5
Mode is the number which appears most often in a set of numbers.
Here 5 occurs maximum number of times.
So mode is 5.

19. Calculate the mean, the median and the mode of the following
distribution.
Age in years 12
N AT IS 13 14 15 16 17 18
No. of students 2 3 5 6 4 3 2

C N
PY
O C D
O IO
D U AA

Solution:

O
Age in years 𝒙𝒊 No. of students 𝒇𝒊 Cumulative 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊
ED PR

frequency
12 2 2 24
T

13 3 5 39
©

14 5 10 70
15 6 16 90
16 4 20 64
17 3 23 51
18 2 25 36
Total ∑ 𝒇𝒊 = 𝟐𝟓 ∑ 𝒇𝒊 𝒙𝒊 = 𝟑𝟕𝟒

Σ𝑓𝑖 𝑥𝑖
Mean =
Σ𝑓𝑖
374
=
25

= 14.96
Hence the mean is 14.96.
Here n = 25 which is odd.
𝑛+1 𝑡ℎ
Median = ( ) term
2

25+1 𝑡ℎ
Median = ( ) term
2

26 𝑡ℎ
Median = ( ) term
2

Median = 13𝑡ℎ term

Median = 15
N AT IS
Hence the median is 15.

C N
PY
O C D
Here 15 occurs maximum number of times. i.e. 6 times.
O IO
D U AA

Hence the mode is 15.

O
ED PR

20. The daily wages of 30 employees in an establishment are

T

distributed as follows:
©

Daily wages in Rs. 0 – 10 10 – 20 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50 50 – 60

No. of employees 1 8 10 5 4 2

Estimate the modal daily wages for this distribution by a graphical

method.
Solution:
 Daily wages in Rs. No. of employees
0 – 10 1
10 – 20 8
20 – 30 10
30 – 40 5
40 – 50 4
50 – 60 2

Taking daily wages on x-axis and No. of employees on the y-axis and
draw a histogram as shown below.
N AT IS
C N
PY
O C D
O IO
D U AA

O
ED PR

T
©

Join AB and CD intersecting each other at M. From M draw ML

perpendicular to x-axis.
L is the mode
Here Mode = Rs. 23
Hence the mode is Rs. 23.
21. Using the data given below, construct the cumulative frequency
table and draw the ogive.
From the ogive, estimate:
(i) The median
(ii) The inter quartile range.
Marks 0-10 10-20 20-30 30-40 40-50 50-60 60-70 70-80
Frequency 3 8 12 14 10 6 5 2

Also state the median class

Solution:
N AT IS
C N
Arranging the data in cumulative frequency table.

PY
O C D
O IO
Marks Frequency Cumulative frequency
D U AA

0 – 10
10 – 20 O 3
8
3
11
ED PR

20 – 30 12 23
30 – 40 14 37
T

40 – 50 10 47
©

50 – 60 6 53
60 – 70 5 58
70 – 80 2 60

To represent the data in the table graphically, we mark the upper limits of
the class intervals on the horizontal axis (x-axis) and their corresponding
cumulative frequencies on the vertical axis (y-axis).
Plot the point (10, 3), (20, 11), (30, 23), (40, 37), (50, 47), (60, 53), (70,
58), and (80, 60), on the graph.
Join the points with the free hand. We get an ogive as shown:
 N AT IS
C N
PY
O C D
O IO
D U AA

O
ED PR

(i) Here number of observation, n = 60 which is even.

T

𝑛 𝑡ℎ
So median = ( ) term
©

60 𝑡ℎ
= ( ) term
2

= 30th term
Mark a point A (30) on y-axis. From A, draw a horizontal line parallel to
x-axis meeting the curve at P. From P draw a line perpendicular to the x-
axis which meet it at Q.
Q is the median.
Q = 35
Hence the median is 35.
 𝑛 60
(ii) Lower quartile, Q1 = = = 15th term
4 4
3𝑛 60
Upper quartile, Q3 = =3× = 45th term
4 4

Mark a point B (15) and C (45) on y-axis. From B and C, draw a

horizontal line parallel to x-axis meeting the curve at L and M
respectively. From L and M, draw line perpendicular to the x-axis which
meets it at E and F respectively.
E is the lower quartile.
E = 22.3
F is the upper quartile.
N AT IS
F = 47

C N
PY
O C D

Inter quartile range = Q 3 − Q1

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= 47 – 22.3
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= 24.7
Hence interquartile range is 24.7.
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22. Draw a cumulative frequency curve for the following data:

Marks obtained 0 – 10 10 – 20 20 – 30 30 – 40 40 – 50
No. of students 8 10 22 40 20

Hence determine:
(i) The median
(ii) The pass marks if 85% of the students pass.
(iii) The marks which 45% of the students exceed.
Solution:
Arranging the data in cumulative frequency table.
 Marks obtained No. of students f Cumulative frequency
0 – 10 8 8
10 – 20 10 18
20 – 30 22 40
30 – 40 40 80
40 – 50 20 100

To represent the data in the table graphically, we mark the upper limits of
the class intervals on the horizontal axis (x-axis) and their corresponding
cumulative frequencies on the vertical axis (y-axis).
Plot the point (10, 8), (20, 18), (30, 40), (40, 80), and (50, 100), on the
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graph.

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Join the points with the free hand. We get an ogive as shown:
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(i) Here number of observation, n = 100 which is even.
𝑛 𝑡ℎ
So median = ( ) term
2

100 𝑡ℎ
=( ) term
2

= 50th term
Mark a point A (50) on y-axis. From A, draw a horizontal line parallel to
x-axis meeting the curve at P. From P draw a line perpendicular to the x-
axis which meet it at Q.
Q is the median.
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Q = 32.5

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Hence the median is 32.5.
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(ii) O
Total number of students = 100
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85% of 100 = 85
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Remaining number of student = 100 – 85 = 15

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Mark a point B (15) on y-axis. From B, draw a horizontal line parallel to

x-axis meeting the curve at L. From L draw a line perpendicular to the x-
axis which meet it at M.
Here M = 18
The pass marks will be 18 if 85% of students passed.

(iii) Total number of students = 100

45% of 100 = 45
Remaining number of students = 100 – 45 = 55
Mark a point C (55) on y-axis. From C, draw a horizontal line parallel to
x-axis meeting the curve at E. From E draw a line perpendicular to the x-
axis which meet it at F.
Here F = 34
Hence marks which 45% of students exceeds is 34 marks.

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