Emerging Technologies in Business

Submitted by – Jatin Sharma (24BSP0787)

1. PM2.5:

o Mean: 99.17

o Range: 31.75 to 654

o Implication: The average PM2.5 level is well above the recommended limits for good air
quality, with a maximum value reaching hazardous levels.

2. PM10:

o Mean: 170.54

o Range: 63.25 to 904

o Implication: The high mean and max values suggest serious particulate matter
pollution, which can severely impact respiratory health.

3. NO2:

o Mean: 58.37

o Range: 9.7 to 266.73

o Implication: Average NO2 levels indicate moderately polluted air, but the maximum
values suggest occasional extreme pollution events.

4. NOx:

o Mean: 40.35

o Range: 5.9 to 193.7

5. NH3 (Ammonia):

o Mean: 14.24

o Range: 2.37 to 80.75

o Implication: The ammonia levels are relatively low but can contribute to secondary
particulate formation.

6. CO (Carbon Monoxide):

o Mean: 0.74

o Range: 0 to 5.76

o Implication: CO levels are generally low, indicating less immediate danger from this
pollutant.

7. SO2 (Sulfur Dioxide):

o Mean: 16.69

o Range: 0.1 to 171.8

o Implication: Average SO2 levels are moderate, but high maximum values indicate
possible short-term severe pollution episodes.

8. O3 (Ozone):

o Mean: 80.38

o Range: 4.88 to 199.92

o Implication: Ozone levels are significant, with peak values approaching thresholds
harmful to health.

9. Benzene, Toluene, and Xylene:

o Benzene: Mean = 1.73, Max = 23.3

o Toluene: Mean = 4.73, Max = 39.95

o Xylene: Mean = 1.06, Max = 29.1

o Implication: These volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are present in small

10. AQI (Air Quality Index):

o Mean: 234.71, Range: 120 to 352

o Implication: The average AQI falls within the "Very Unhealthy" category, and the
maximum AQI is in the "Hazardous" range, indicating consistent poor air quality in the
dataset.
 Lowest AQI: The minimum AQI value is 120, which suggests that the cleanest recorded air quality in
the dataset is still within the "Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups" range based on AQI standards. This
indicates that even the lowest AQI values represent a level of pollution that may affect vulnerable
populations, such as children, the elderly, and those with respiratory issues.

Highest AQI: The maximum AQI value is 352, falling into the "Hazardous" category, which
represents a severe level of air pollution. Such conditions pose significant health risks to the entire
population and warrant immediate public health interventions.

Range Analysis: The AQI values in the dataset span from 120 to 352, suggesting overall poor air
quality, as all values fall within unhealthy categories according to standard AQI guidelines. This
highlights a serious concern about air pollution levels in the analyzed region.

The mean AQI value is approximately 234.71, which falls within the "Very Unhealthy" category
according to standard AQI classifications. This indicates that, on average, the air quality in the dataset
is at a level where health effects are likely for the entire population, and more serious health risks may
occur for sensitive groups.
This graph shows the variation of the Air Quality Index (AQI) over time:

1. AQI Trends: The AQI fluctuates significantly over time, showing repeated peaks and troughs.

2. High Peaks: Periodic spikes indicate times of poorer air quality.

3. Sudden Drops: Sharp declines suggest temporary improvements in air quality.

4. Steady Intervals: Some periods show relatively stable AQI levels before rising or falling again.

Overall, the AQI exhibits cyclical patterns, possibly due to environmental or human factors affecting
air quality.
This heatmap shows the correlation between three air quality variables: PM2.5, PM10, and NO2.

1. Strong Correlation:

o PM2.5 and PM10 have a high positive correlation (0.85), indicating they often increase or
decrease together.

o PM10 and NO2 also have a moderate positive correlation (0.63).

2. Moderate Correlation:

o PM2.5 and NO2 show a positive but slightly weaker correlation (0.62).

3. Diagonal Values:

o The diagonal values (1.00) represent the perfect correlation of each variable with itself.

In summary, PM2.5 and PM10 are closely related, and NO2 has a moderate relationship with both.
This suggests these pollutants may share common sources or are influenced by similar
environmental factors.
This bar chart displays PM10 levels in five different cities:

1. Highest PM10 Levels: City E has the highest PM10 level (180), indicating the poorest air quality
among the cities.

2. Lowest PM10 Levels: City C has the lowest PM10 level (80), showing better air quality
compared to others.

3. Moderate Levels: Cities A (100), B (150), and D (120) fall between the extremes.

In summary, there is significant variation in PM10 levels across the cities, with City E being the most
polluted and City C the least.
The pie chart breaks down the average levels of six pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, SO2, O3, and CO)
as proportions of the total.

o PM10 dominates, contributing 40% of the total pollutant levels, followed by PM2.5
(23.3%), and O3 (18.9%).

o NO2 constitutes 13.7%, while SO2 (3.9%) and CO (0.2%) are relatively minor
contributors.

o This suggests that particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5) significantly impacts air quality
in the dataset, while CO has a negligible presence.
The histogram represents the distribution of AQI (Air Quality Index) values, with the x-axis showing AQI
bins and the y-axis indicating frequency.

• AQI values are distributed primarily between 150 and 350, with peaks around 200 and 300,
indicating these ranges occur most frequently.

• The distribution has a bimodal pattern, with fewer values below 150 or above 350.

• This suggests that most of the recorded air quality falls within the "Unhealthy" to "Very
Unhealthy" AQI categories, based on standard AQI classifications.