User’s guide

November 2016

© 2016 LSE S.r.l. – All rights reserved

WARNING
In writing this manual every care has been taken to offer the most updated, correct and clear
information possible; however unwanted errors are always possible and information can be subject to
change. LSE S.r.l. cannot assume any liability resulting from the use of this manual and the same is true
for every person or company involved in the creation, production or distribution of this manual. This
manual is protected by copyright. Reproduction of this manual, even partial, in the absence of written
authorization by LSE S.r.l. is prohibited by law.

Trademarks
Google is a registered trademark of Google Inc.
Google Maps is a registered trademark of Google Inc.
Android is a registered trademark of Google Inc.
Bluetooth is a registered trademark of Bluetooth SIG, Inc.
AutoCAD is a registered trademark of AutoDesk Inc.
All other trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners.

© 2016 LSE S.r.l. – All rights reserved

Index
WARNING ............................................................................................................................................. 4
Trademarks............................................................................................................................................... 4

Index ..................................................................................................................................................... 5

Introduction .........................................................................................................................................22

Software installation, activation and first start. ...................................................................................24

XPAD Survey for Windows Mobile & Windows CE ............................................................................... 24
Installation procedure ........................................................................................................................ 24
Running the software ......................................................................................................................... 24
Activation procedure .......................................................................................................................... 24
Adding other modules ........................................................................................................................ 25
Information on XPAD version ........................................................................................................... 25
Information on active modules .......................................................................................................... 25
XPAD Survey for Android ...................................................................................................................... 25
Installation procedure ........................................................................................................................ 26
Running the software ......................................................................................................................... 26
Activation procedure .......................................................................................................................... 26
Adding other modules ........................................................................................................................ 27
XPAD version information ................................................................................................................ 28
Information on active modules .......................................................................................................... 28
Installing localization packages .......................................................................................................... 28
Automatic updates ............................................................................................................................. 29
Restoring a previous version .............................................................................................................. 29

Workspace ...........................................................................................................................................31
XPAD Survey for WinMobile ................................................................................................................. 31
Main window...................................................................................................................................... 31
Dialog windows .................................................................................................................................. 32
Virtual keyboard ................................................................................................................................. 33
XPAD Survey for Zoom90 ................................................................................................................. 33
XPAD Survey for Zipp20 .................................................................................................................... 35
XPAD Survey for Android ........................................................................................................................ 37
Main window...................................................................................................................................... 37
Dialog boxes ....................................................................................................................................... 38
Standard buttons................................................................................................................................ 39

5
 Weather forecast ............................................................................................................................... 39
Device information ............................................................................................................................. 40
Receiver/total station information .................................................................................................... 40
Virtual keyboard ................................................................................................................................. 40
Inserting latitude and longitude values .................................................................................................. 41

Job managing .......................................................................................................................................42

Sites managing ....................................................................................................................................... 42
Setting current site ............................................................................................................................. 42
Creating a new site ............................................................................................................................. 42
Deleting a site ..................................................................................................................................... 43
Jobs managing ........................................................................................................................................ 43
Visualization modes ........................................................................................................................... 43
Creating a new job ............................................................................................................................. 44
Opening an existing job ...................................................................................................................... 44
Opening a job saved on Cloud server ................................................................................................. 45
Properties of the job .......................................................................................................................... 45
Copying or sending a copy of the current job .................................................................................... 45
Deleting a job ..................................................................................................................................... 46
Compact and repair a job ................................................................................................................... 46
Restoring a job ................................................................................................................................... 46
Job file ................................................................................................................................................ 46

Settings ................................................................................................................................................47
Units ....................................................................................................................................................... 47
Decimals ................................................................................................................................................. 47
Coordinates ............................................................................................................................................ 47

GPS Accuracy check ......................................................................................................................... 47

GPS Survey mode ............................................................................................................................. 48

GPS survey .......................................................................................................................................... 48
Automatic survey ............................................................................................................................... 49
Post-Processing survey ....................................................................................................................... 49
Survey codes ...................................................................................................................................... 49

TPS survey ........................................................................................................................................ 49

Accuracy check ................................................................................................................................... 50
Survey codes ...................................................................................................................................... 50
Angles ................................................................................................................................................. 50

Stakeout ........................................................................................................................................... 50

6
 GPS survey and stakeout ................................................................................................................. 51
Precision check ................................................................................................................................... 52
Coordinates ........................................................................................................................................ 52
Automatic survey ............................................................................................................................... 52
Codes .................................................................................................................................................. 53
Stakeout ............................................................................................................................................. 53

Survey and stakeout TPS .................................................................................................................. 54

Tolerances .......................................................................................................................................... 54
Coordinate.......................................................................................................................................... 54
Codes .................................................................................................................................................. 54
Stakeout ............................................................................................................................................. 54

Laser scanner ................................................................................................................................... 55

XLive ............................................................................................................................................... 56

Miscellaneous .................................................................................................................................. 56
Setup various ...................................................................................................................................... 56
Automatic exporting .......................................................................................................................... 56

Miscellaneous .................................................................................................................................. 56

Commands manager ........................................................................................................................ 57

Reports ............................................................................................................................................. 57

Saving and loading settings .............................................................................................................. 57

Save settings as default ...................................................................................................................... 57
Save setup as ...................................................................................................................................... 57
Load settings ...................................................................................................................................... 57

Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing.................................................................58

Topographic points................................................................................................................................. 58
Creating a new point .......................................................................................................................... 58
Editing a point .................................................................................................................................... 59
Visualizing point on CAD .................................................................................................................... 59
Stakeout of a point ............................................................................................................................. 59
Deleting a point .................................................................................................................................. 59
Deleting a group of points .................................................................................................................. 59
Deleting coincident points ................................................................................................................. 60

Sharing data of a point ................................................................................................................. 60

Searching a point ................................................................................................................................ 60
Visualizing Latitude, Longitude and Elevation .................................................................................... 60

7
 Visualizing East/X, North/Y and Elevation/Z ...................................................................................... 60

Visualizing Distance and direction ............................................................................................... 60

Diagram Distances/Elevation ....................................................................................................... 61

Transferring points on reference points table ............................................................................. 61

Loading points from a job ............................................................................................................ 61

Saving points on another job ....................................................................................................... 62

Changing the visualization order ................................................................................................. 62

Fieldbook of measures ........................................................................................................................... 62
Editing a measure ............................................................................................................................... 62
Deleting a measure ............................................................................................................................ 63
Deleting a group of measures ............................................................................................................ 63
Searching a measure .......................................................................................................................... 63
Visualizing notes ................................................................................................................................. 63
Adding a note ..................................................................................................................................... 64
Moving GPS base ................................................................................................................................ 64
Measures report ................................................................................................................................. 64

Create surface from bathymetry ................................................................................................. 64

Reference points .................................................................................................................................... 65
Survey codes .......................................................................................................................................... 65
Creating a new code ........................................................................................................................... 65
Editing a code ..................................................................................................................................... 66
Deleting a code................................................................................................................................... 66
Deleting a group of codes .................................................................................................................. 66
Creating a new library ........................................................................................................................ 67
Loading an existing library.................................................................................................................. 67
Importing a list of codes from ASCII file ............................................................................................. 67
Importing a codes list from LandXML file........................................................................................... 68
Exporting current library .................................................................................................................... 68

Exporting current library as default codes library ....................................................................... 68

Managing GIS data ....................................................................................................................... 68

Symbols manager ................................................................................................................................... 68
Deleting a symbol ............................................................................................................................... 68
Importing new symbols ...................................................................................................................... 68

GIS features ...................................................................................................................................... 69

Creating a new GIS feature ................................................................................................................ 69

8
 Adding a GIS attribute ........................................................................................................................ 70
Saving GIS features ............................................................................................................................. 70
Loading GIS features .......................................................................................................................... 71

Coordinate system ...............................................................................................................................72

Cartographic system ............................................................................................................................... 72
Loading a predefined system ............................................................................................................. 72
Saving a system as predefined ........................................................................................................... 73
Deleting current cartographic system ................................................................................................ 73
GPS localization ...................................................................................................................................... 73
Local system – single point................................................................................................................. 74
Local system – Site calibration ........................................................................................................... 74
Cartographic system........................................................................................................................... 75
Calculation of elevations .................................................................................................................... 76
Exporting current coordinate system as default system .................................................................... 76
Exporting current coordinate system ................................................................................................. 76
Loading a coordinate system ............................................................................................................. 76
Report of current coordinate system ................................................................................................. 77
TPS coefficients ...................................................................................................................................... 77
Base position adjustment ....................................................................................................................... 77

CAD ......................................................................................................................................................79
Closing CAD ............................................................................................................................................ 79
Visualization commands ......................................................................................................................... 79

GPS navigation mode ....................................................................................................................... 80

3D View ............................................................................................................................................ 80

Use of the maps ............................................................................................................................... 80

Select maps to visualize ..................................................................................................................... 81
WMS Maps (Web Map Server) ........................................................................................................... 81
Creating maps to use in off-line mode ............................................................................................... 81
Using off-line mode maps .................................................................................................................. 82
Saving the current view as image ....................................................................................................... 82

Augmented reality ........................................................................................................................... 82

CAD setup ............................................................................................................................................... 82
Survey ................................................................................................................................................. 82
Points.................................................................................................................................................. 83
CAD ..................................................................................................................................................... 83
External references ................................................................................................................................ 83

9
 Importing DXF files ................................................................................................................................. 83
Exporting DXF files.................................................................................................................................. 83
Layer management................................................................................................................................. 84
Setting current layer ........................................................................................................................... 84
Creating a new layer ........................................................................................................................... 84
Making visible/invisible a layer .......................................................................................................... 84
Keeping visible/invisible all layers ...................................................................................................... 84
Changing color/linetype to a layer ..................................................................................................... 84
Deleting layers .................................................................................................................................... 84
Object snap ............................................................................................................................................ 84
Working with object snap .................................................................................................................. 85
Snap to topographic points ................................................................................................................ 85
Drawing functions .................................................................................................................................. 85
Editing and creation of new points functions ........................................................................................ 86
Deleting objects.................................................................................................................................. 86
Distance intersection ......................................................................................................................... 86
Intersection ........................................................................................................................................ 86
Distance e offset ................................................................................................................................. 86
Divide ................................................................................................................................................. 87
Measure ............................................................................................................................................. 87
Offset .................................................................................................................................................. 87
Lengthen............................................................................................................................................. 87
Explode ............................................................................................................................................... 88
Information commands .......................................................................................................................... 88
Coordinate of a point ......................................................................................................................... 88
Distance between two points ............................................................................................................ 88
Distance point-object ......................................................................................................................... 88
Angle .................................................................................................................................................. 89
Area .................................................................................................................................................... 89
List ...................................................................................................................................................... 89
Find topographic point ....................................................................................................................... 89

Longitudinal profile ...................................................................................................................... 89

Toolbar contextual – Points ................................................................................................................... 90
Contextual toolbar – CAD objects .......................................................................................................... 90

Instruments settings ............................................................................................................................91

Creation of a new GPS profile ................................................................................................................ 91
Profile page ........................................................................................................................................ 92

10
 Device page ........................................................................................................................................ 92
RTK page ............................................................................................................................................. 92
RTK – Radio page ................................................................................................................................ 92
RTK – GPRS page ................................................................................................................................ 93
Parameters page ................................................................................................................................ 93
Antenna page ..................................................................................................................................... 94
Managing of profiles of internet provider .......................................................................................... 94
Managing of profiles of servers of permanent stations (NTRIP) ........................................................ 94
Managing profiles of direct call .......................................................................................................... 94
Management of Point-To-Point (PPP) profiles ................................................................................... 95
Management of Dynamic DNS (DDNS) profiles.................................................................................. 95
Creation of a profile using the GPS of the device ................................................................................... 96
Creation of a new Total station profile .................................................................................................. 96
Profile page ........................................................................................................................................ 96
Device page ........................................................................................................................................ 96

Setup page ................................................................................................................................... 97

Passive recordings .............................................................................................................................. 97
Editing a profile ...................................................................................................................................... 97
Deleting a profile .................................................................................................................................... 97
Make current a profile ........................................................................................................................... 97
Reconfigure instruments ........................................................................................................................ 98
Creation of a new profile Laser Disto ..................................................................................................... 98
Profile page ........................................................................................................................................ 98
Device page ........................................................................................................................................ 98
Parameters page ................................................................................................................................ 98

Creating a new Echosounder profile ................................................................................................ 98

Profile page ........................................................................................................................................ 99
Device page ........................................................................................................................................ 99

Creating a new profile Cable detector ............................................................................................. 99

Profile page ........................................................................................................................................ 99
Device page ........................................................................................................................................ 99

GPS – GPS status ................................................................................................................................100

Quality .................................................................................................................................................. 100
Position ................................................................................................................................................. 101
Skyplot .................................................................................................................................................. 101
Satellites ............................................................................................................................................... 101

11
 Base ...................................................................................................................................................... 102

Map ................................................................................................................................................ 102

Utility commands ................................................................................................................................. 102
Reset RTK correction ........................................................................................................................ 102
Activate/Deactivate use of constellations ........................................................................................ 102
Change cut-off angle ........................................................................................................................ 102
Connect/Disconnect GPRS ............................................................................................................... 102
Change mountpoint ......................................................................................................................... 103
Reconfigure receiver ........................................................................................................................ 103
Editing GPS profile ............................................................................................................................ 103
File Manager..................................................................................................................................... 103
Stop raw data log ............................................................................................................................. 103
Change radio channel ....................................................................................................................... 103
Start output NMEA ........................................................................................................................... 103
GPS status panel ................................................................................................................................... 104

GPS - Starting a base ..........................................................................................................................106

Starting a base on a known position .................................................................................................... 106
Starting a base on current position ...................................................................................................... 107
Starting a base with previous settings ................................................................................................. 107

Survey of points – GPS and TPS common functions ............................................................................108

Electronic bubble ........................................................................................................................... 108

Activation of the electronic bubble .................................................................................................. 108
Calibration of the electronic bubble ................................................................................................ 108
Survey codes assignment ..................................................................................................................... 109
Manual insertion of code ................................................................................................................. 109
Selection from table of the code ...................................................................................................... 109
Quick codes ...................................................................................................................................... 110
Customization of Quick codes .......................................................................................................... 110
GIS features .......................................................................................................................................... 110
Smart Drawing – Drawing during survey .............................................................................................. 111
Single lines ........................................................................................................................................ 111
Multiple lines .................................................................................................................................... 112
Average coordinates ............................................................................................................................ 115
Using the maps ..................................................................................................................................... 115
Tools & utilities ..................................................................................................................................... 115
Edit last point ................................................................................................................................... 115

12
 Delete last point ............................................................................................................................... 115
Share last point ................................................................................................................................ 116
Adding a note ................................................................................................................................... 116
Points & measures ........................................................................................................................... 116

XPole: one pole, two systems ...........................................................................................................117

Using XPole in the station setup ......................................................................................................... 117
Free station ...................................................................................................................................... 117
Backsight point ................................................................................................................................. 117
Using XPole in site calibration ............................................................................................................ 118
Using XPole during survey .................................................................................................................. 118
Pole height ........................................................................................................................................... 119
Research of the prism from GPS position ............................................................................................ 119

GPS - Survey of points ........................................................................................................................120

Survey of points .................................................................................................................................... 120
Rapid measuring of points ............................................................................................................... 122
Measuring of points ......................................................................................................................... 122
Accuracy check ................................................................................................................................. 123
Measuring of points with GeoMax Zenith35 TAG ............................................................................ 124
Hidden points ................................................................................................................................... 126
Measuring of hidden points by intersection of two distances ......................................................... 126
Measuring of hidden points by alignment and offset ...................................................................... 127
Recording of raw data during survey ............................................................................................... 129

View automatic update ............................................................................................................. 130

First Person View ....................................................................................................................... 130

Automatic survey of points .................................................................................................................. 130
Startup of the automatic measuring ................................................................................................ 131
Static survey ......................................................................................................................................... 131
Starting occupation .......................................................................................................................... 132
Bathymetric survey .............................................................................................................................. 132
Start of the bathymetric survey ....................................................................................................... 133
Setting the fixed route ..................................................................................................................... 134
Route setting from drawing element ............................................................................................... 134
Visualizing the survey sessions ......................................................................................................... 134
Exporting the survey sessions .......................................................................................................... 134
Survey with locators (cable detectors) ................................................................................................. 135

GPS - Stakeout ...................................................................................................................................136

13
 Stakeout information ........................................................................................................................... 136
Stakeout tolerance ........................................................................................................................... 138
Information referring to North or to Sun or to a reference point .................................................... 138
Graphic and analytic view ................................................................................................................ 138
Vocal information ............................................................................................................................. 138
How to interpret information provided ........................................................................................... 139
Common operations in Stakeout ......................................................................................................... 139
Measuring the point ......................................................................................................................... 139
Stakeout parameters ........................................................................................................................ 139
Inserting a note ................................................................................................................................ 140

Automatic updating of the view ................................................................................................. 140

First Person View ....................................................................................................................... 140

Stakeout of points ................................................................................................................................ 141
Stakeout of a list of points ............................................................................................................... 141
Stakeout of coordinates ENZ ............................................................................................................ 142
Stakeout of WGS84 coordinates ...................................................................................................... 142
Stakeout procedure .......................................................................................................................... 142
Stakeout of the next point ............................................................................................................... 142
Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects.............................................................................................................. 143
Stakeout of line by 2 points.............................................................................................................. 143
Stakeout of arc by 3 points............................................................................................................... 143
Stakeout of arc by 2 points and radius ............................................................................................. 143
Stakeout of CAD element ................................................................................................................. 143
Offset ................................................................................................................................................ 143
Stakeout procedure.......................................................................................................................... 144
Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset .............................................................................................. 145
Stakeout by offset referring to a line by 2 points ............................................................................. 145
Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 3 points ........................................................................... 145
Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 2 points and radius .......................................................... 145
Stakeout by offset referring to a CAD element ................................................................................ 146
Offset parameters ............................................................................................................................ 146
Stakeout procedure .......................................................................................................................... 146
Stakeout of the next point by offset ................................................................................................ 146
Stakeout of sideslopes ......................................................................................................................... 147
Slopes ............................................................................................................................................... 147
Stakeout procedure .......................................................................................................................... 147
Stakeout of surfaces ............................................................................................................................. 148

14
 Stakeout report .................................................................................................................................... 148

GPS – AutoMeasuring ..................................................................................................................149

AutoMeasuring ..................................................................................................................................... 149
Activity log ............................................................................................................................................ 149
Settings ................................................................................................................................................. 150

TPS - Controlling the total station ......................................................................................................152

Mechanic total station control panel ................................................................................................... 152
Setting the environmental parameters (temperature, pressure, refraction / sphericity) ............... 152
Control panel of robotic total station................................................................................................... 153
Robotic page..................................................................................................................................... 153
Rotation page ................................................................................................................................... 154
Joystick page .................................................................................................................................... 155
Definition of research area............................................................................................................... 155
Setting the environmental parameters (temperature, pressure, refraction / sphericity) ............... 156
Setting the operating mode AiM360 ............................................................................................... 156
Settings of type of target ...................................................................................................................... 157
Favorite prisms ................................................................................................................................. 158
Constants of targets ......................................................................................................................... 158

TPS - Basic ..........................................................................................................................................159

Main commands ................................................................................................................................... 159

TPS – Station setup ............................................................................................................................161

Using previous setup ............................................................................................................................ 161
Using the orientation of another job ................................................................................................... 161
Loading the orientation stored in the station ...................................................................................... 161
New orientation ................................................................................................................................... 161
Orientation to known point ............................................................................................................. 162
Orientation by Azimuth .................................................................................................................... 163
Free station ...................................................................................................................................... 163
Orientation to multi points .............................................................................................................. 164
No orientation .................................................................................................................................. 165
Setting of elevation of the station from reference point ................................................................. 165
Reset the elevation of the station .................................................................................................... 166

TPS - Survey of points .........................................................................................................................167

Rapid measuring of points.................................................................................................................... 169
Measuring of points ............................................................................................................................. 169
Measuring traverse points ................................................................................................................... 170

15
 Measuring of points by offset horizontal angle ................................................................................... 170
Measuring of points by offset vertical angle ........................................................................................ 170
Measuring of points by offset in distance ............................................................................................ 171
Measuring of points on face 1 and face 2 ............................................................................................ 171
Measuring of points only with angle .................................................................................................... 171
Multi target pole .................................................................................................................................. 171
Setting the pole parameters ............................................................................................................ 172
Measure of the targets ..................................................................................................................... 172

TPS – Sets of angles ......................................................................................................................173

Definition of the list of points to measure ........................................................................................... 173
Management of the list of points ......................................................................................................... 173
Select a point from the points table................................................................................................. 173
Measure new points......................................................................................................................... 173
Clear list ............................................................................................................................................ 173
Load points list ................................................................................................................................. 174
Sort by direction ............................................................................................................................... 174
Change Order ................................................................................................................................... 174
Assign height and target type .......................................................................................................... 174
Measure settings .................................................................................................................................. 174
Points measuring .................................................................................................................................. 175
Results .................................................................................................................................................. 175

TPS - STAKEOUT .................................................................................................................................176

Stakeout information ........................................................................................................................... 176
Stakeout tolerance ........................................................................................................................... 178
Information referring to Target, to total station, to North or to a reference point ......................... 178
Graphic and analytic view ................................................................................................................ 178
Vocal information ............................................................................................................................. 178
Common operations in stakeout .......................................................................................................... 178
Measuring the point ......................................................................................................................... 178
Stakeout parameters ........................................................................................................................ 179
Turn toward point ............................................................................................................................ 179
Insertion of a Note ........................................................................................................................... 179
Stakeout of points ................................................................................................................................ 180
Stakeout of a list of points ............................................................................................................... 180
Stakeout of coordinates ENZ ............................................................................................................ 181
Stakeout procedure .......................................................................................................................... 181
Stakeout of next point ...................................................................................................................... 181

16
 Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects.............................................................................................................. 181
Stakeout of line by 2 points.............................................................................................................. 182
Stakeout of arc by 3 points............................................................................................................... 182
Stakeout of arc by 2 points and radius ............................................................................................. 182
Stakeout of CAD element ................................................................................................................. 182
Offset ................................................................................................................................................ 182
Stakeout procedure.......................................................................................................................... 182
Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset .............................................................................................. 183
Stakeout by offset referring to a line by 2 points ............................................................................. 184
Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 3 points ........................................................................... 184
Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 2 points and radius .......................................................... 184
Stakeout by offset referring to a CAD element ................................................................................ 184
Offset parameters ............................................................................................................................ 184
Stakeout procedure .......................................................................................................................... 185
Stakeout of the next point by offset ................................................................................................ 185
Sideslope stakeout ............................................................................................................................... 185
Slopes ............................................................................................................................................... 185
Stakeout procedure .......................................................................................................................... 186
Stakeout of surfaces ............................................................................................................................. 186
Stakeout report .................................................................................................................................... 187

TPS – Auto Measuring ..................................................................................................................188

Auto Measuring flow ............................................................................................................................ 188
Control points ....................................................................................................................................... 188
Inserting a new check point ............................................................................................................. 188
Points to measure ................................................................................................................................ 189
Insert a new point to measure ......................................................................................................... 189
Station orientation ............................................................................................................................... 190
Orientation mode ............................................................................................................................. 190
Station Data ...................................................................................................................................... 190
Measuring reference points ............................................................................................................. 190
Automatic Measurement ..................................................................................................................... 191
Single Measuring (manual) ................................................................................................................... 191
Report................................................................................................................................................... 191
Report Points .................................................................................................................................... 192
Report sessions ................................................................................................................................ 192
Exporting and sharing Report........................................................................................................... 192
Activity log ............................................................................................................................................ 192

17
 Settings ................................................................................................................................................. 193

PicPoint – Measuring on photo ....................................................................................................196

Acquiring photo and position ............................................................................................................... 196
Camera connection .......................................................................................................................... 196
Measuring procedure ....................................................................................................................... 196
Measuring on photos ........................................................................................................................... 197
New points creation ......................................................................................................................... 198
Distances measuring ........................................................................................................................ 198
Visualization options ........................................................................................................................ 198
Measure options .............................................................................................................................. 198
PicPoint from the measures fieldbook ................................................................................................. 199

COGO .................................................................................................................................................200
Inverse .................................................................................................................................................. 200
Inverse referring to a point .............................................................................................................. 200
Inverse referring to a line by 2 points .............................................................................................. 200
Inverse referring to an arc by 3 points ............................................................................................. 201
Inverse referring to an arc by 2 points and radius ........................................................................... 201
Inverse referring to a CAD element.................................................................................................. 201
Reference line ...................................................................................................................................... 202
Line by 2 points ................................................................................................................................ 202
Arc by 3 points.................................................................................................................................. 202
Arc by 2 points and radius ................................................................................................................ 202
CAD element .................................................................................................................................... 203
Offset ................................................................................................................................................ 203
Reference line .................................................................................................................................. 203
Distance & Offset ................................................................................................................................. 204
Intersection .......................................................................................................................................... 205
Intersection Double distance ........................................................................................................... 206
Intersection Distance and azimuth .................................................................................................. 206
Intersection double azimuth ............................................................................................................ 207
Intersection 4 points ........................................................................................................................ 207
Area subdivision ................................................................................................................................... 208

Volumes and surfaces ........................................................................................................................210

Surfaces ................................................................................................................................................ 210
Creating a surface............................................................................................................................. 210
Surfaces editing ................................................................................................................................ 211

18
 Visualization of surface on Google Map .................................................................................... 212
Visualization of surface in 3D ........................................................................................................... 212
Surface visualization parameters ..................................................................................................... 212
Deleting a surface ............................................................................................................................. 213

Performing the stakeout of a surface ........................................................................................ 213

Surfaces importing ........................................................................................................................... 213
Viewing the surfaces in the CAD ...................................................................................................... 213
Volume calculation ............................................................................................................................... 213
Volume referring to a reference elevation ...................................................................................... 213
Volume referring to a reference point ............................................................................................. 214
Volume of a stockpile/pit ................................................................................................................. 214
Volume referring to a reference plane ............................................................................................ 214
Calculation parameters .................................................................................................................... 214
Viewing calculated data ................................................................................................................... 215
Deleting a calculated volume ........................................................................................................... 215

Roading – roads stakeout ...................................................................................................................216

Road manager ...................................................................................................................................... 216
Importing road project from LandXML format ................................................................................ 216
Importing road axis from DXF file .................................................................................................... 216
Transformation of a polyline into a road axis or side polyline ......................................................... 217
Editing a road axis ............................................................................................................................ 217
Deleting a road axis .......................................................................................................................... 218
Stakeout ............................................................................................................................................... 218
Sideslope stakeout ............................................................................................................................... 219
Slopes ............................................................................................................................................... 219
Stakeout procedure .......................................................................................................................... 219
Where am I ? ........................................................................................................................................ 220
X-Sections Templates ........................................................................................................................... 220
Adding a section model .................................................................................................................... 220
Editing a section model .................................................................................................................... 221
Deleting a section model .................................................................................................................. 221

XLive – Collaborative survey .......................................................................................................222

Creating an XLive connection ............................................................................................................. 222
Connecting to an XLive connection .................................................................................................... 222
Disconnecting from an XLive connection ........................................................................................... 222
Using the Chat ...................................................................................................................................... 222

19
 Sending messages ............................................................................................................................ 223
Sharing files ...................................................................................................................................... 223
Sending points with XLive ................................................................................................................... 223
Coordinates systems sending with XLive ............................................................................................ 223
Sharing points measured in real time .................................................................................................. 224
Settings ................................................................................................................................................. 224
Options ............................................................................................................................................. 224
Export options .................................................................................................................................. 225
Cloud-server options ........................................................................................................................ 225

External references ............................................................................................................................226

Adding an external reference ............................................................................................................... 226
Importing an AutoCAD DXF file or an XPAD job ............................................................................. 226
Importing a raster image .................................................................................................................. 227
Deleting an external reference............................................................................................................. 227
Loading external reference data .......................................................................................................... 227
Downloading data of an external reference ........................................................................................ 227
Changing visibility status of an external reference .............................................................................. 227
Reconnecting an external reference .................................................................................................... 227

Data import........................................................................................................................................228
Importing from file in AutoCAD DXF format ........................................................................................ 228
Importing from file in ASCII format ...................................................................................................... 228
Importing from files in GSI format ....................................................................................................... 229
Importing from files in LandXML format .............................................................................................. 229
Importing from files in ESRI Shape format ........................................................................................... 230
Importing from file in Trimble DC format ............................................................................................ 230
Importing a raster map ........................................................................................................................ 230

Export & share data ...........................................................................................................................231

Exporting on file in XPAD Office MPS format ..................................................................................... 231
Exporting on file in AutoCAD DXF format ............................................................................................. 231
Exporting on file in ASCII format .......................................................................................................... 232
Exporting on file in GSI format ............................................................................................................. 233
Exporting on file in LandXML format .................................................................................................... 233
Exporting on file in Google Earth KML format ..................................................................................... 234
Exporting on file in STAR*NET format .................................................................................................. 234
Exporting measures .............................................................................................................................. 234
Exporting in other formats ................................................................................................................... 234

20
21
Introduction
Thank you for purchasing XPAD Survey 3!
This guide will allow you to get all the information you need to use your XPAD quickly and efficiently in
all situations.

This manual contains information about XPAD both for Windows Mobile/Windows CE version both for
Android version. Where a specific command or function should be present only on one version it will be
identified by the following icons.

Icon Description

Function or command available only on Windows Mobile/Windows CE version.

Function or command available only on Android version.

XPAD functions are organized in modules that cover the different needs of users. Modularity is the
following:

Modules Description Version

Main module inside which you find all basic functions

GPS
for surveying and Stakeout with GPS.

Main module inside which you find all basic functions

TPS
for surveying and Stakeout with total station.

Add-on module allowing to use robotic and motorized

Robotic
total stations. Requests presence of the TPS module.

Add-on module that enables the simultaneous use of

XPole
the GPS receiver and the total station.

Add-on module for GIS data surveying; as well as the

GIS position of the point, the software allows to record
other properties freely definable by the user.

Add-on module for surfaces stakeout, volumes and

VOLUMI
surfaces calculation.

Allows the importing of road projecting data from

ROADING different formats and stakeout of every element of the
track according to different modes.

Auto Measuring Add-on module for automatic measurement with GPS

GPS equipment.

Auto Measuring Add-on module for automatic measurement with

TPS motorized total station.

22 - Trademarks
 Allows management of bathymetric surveys through
Bathymetry acquisition of depth data from depth sounder and GPS
position. Includes a route control.

Allows connection to utilities detectors and to record

Locators
depth in correspondence to GPS positions.

Allows acquisition and processing of photo to allow

PicPoint
measuring of points directly on it.

In the command’s description it’s reported the logo of the corresponding module.

Introduction - 23
Software installation, activation and first start.

XPAD Survey for Windows Mobile & Windows CE

To proceed installing the software on controller it’s necessary to have the following files:

File Description

For all Windows Mobile and

X-PAD Survey 3
Software installation file Windows CE controllers; for
Setup.CAB
GeoMax Zoom90 total station

X-PAD Survey 3 Zipp20 Only for GeoMax Zipp20 total

Software installation file
Setup.CAB station

X-PAD Survey Country Localization file corresponding to

For everyone
Setup.CAB your local country (optional)

Installation procedure
Procedure to follow is:

1. Copy X-PAD Survey 3 Setup.CAB file (use X-PAD Survey 3 Zipp20 for GeoMax Zipp20) in the in the
controller main folder
2. Copy X-PAD Survey Country Setup.CAB file in the controller main folder
3. From the controller click on Start and then on Programs
4. From the programs list select the item File Explorer
5. Go in the controller main folder
6. Run application X-PAD Survey 3 Setup
7. Confirm the default setup; continue pressing OK or Install.
8. Wait for the completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatic deleted
from the folder.
9. Run application X-PAD Survey Country Setup
10. Confirm the default setup; continue pressing OK or Install.
11. Wait for the completion of the installation procedure. The installation file will be automatic deleted
from the folder.

Running the software

To run the software from the controller select the item Start and then Programs. From the programs list

select the item XPAD.

Activation procedure
At first start it’s necessary to proceed with XPAD activation.

Step Description

1 Press button Generate file; the file GF_HOSTID.txt it’s loaded in the device main folder

2 Send file to your reference in GeoMax with your device serial number, brand and model

3 Wait for the file GF_LICENSE.txt containing the license allowing the activation of the

24 - XPAD Survey for Windows Mobile & Windows CE

 software

4 Copy file GF_LICENSE.txt in the device main folder

5 Press button Activate lic.se

6 XPAD will be automatic activated with the requested modules

Adding other modules

It’s possible to add other modules to current configuration
Step Description

1
Run XPAD

2
Click on XPAD icon top left

3 Select item License

4 Press button Change and then Modify license

5 Proceed as explained in previous paragraph Activation procedure

Information on XPAD version

Step Description

1
Click on XPAD icon top left

2 Select page Info on XPAD

3 In the page it’s shown the current XPAD version

Information on active modules

Step Description

1
Click on XPAD icon top left

2 Select item License and then item Modules

In the page they are reported several information as number and type of license and the
3
active modules

XPAD Survey for Android

To install the software in the device it’s necessary to have the following files:

File Description

it.geomax.xpad3.apk Installation (setup) file

XPAD_*_Pack.lpk Localization file corresponding to your country (optional)

Software installation, activation and first start. - 25

 Installation procedure

Step Description

Copy it.geomax.xpad3.apk file and optional (*.lpk) localization file inside the Android
1
device main folder

2 Run XPAD installation from the device by clicking on it.geomax.xpad3.apk file icon

3 Confirm requests and proceed with installation

4 XPAD is ready to run

Running the software

Step Description

1 Select the Android Apps icon and search XPAD Survey 3 icon among the present apps

2
Click on XPAD Survey 3 icon

Activation procedure
At first run it’s necessary to proceed with XPAD activation. Two software activation modes are
available.

On-line activation (Internet connection required)

Step Description

1 Select On-line (internet) option; device must be connected to Internet

2 Insert the device’s serial number

3 Insert the e-mail address on which to receive the e-mail containing the license activation

Keep ready the license sheets, one for each module to activate; if you are activating the
4 software for the first time at least one module must be a main module. Main modules are
XPA-GPS and XPA-TPS.

For each license sheet insert product serial number and product ID in the corresponding
5
spaces

6 Press Request button

7 An e-mail with activation confirmation will be sent to the indicated e-mail address

8 When you receive the e-mail message hit Activate button.

9 XPAD will be automatically activated with requested modules

26 - XPAD Survey for Android

Off-line activation

Step Description

1 Select Off-line option

2 Press Create HostID button; GF_HOSTID.txt file it’s generated in the device main folder

3 Send file to your reference person in GeoMax with device serial number, brand and model

4 Wait for GF_LICENSE.txt file containing the license that will allow software activation

5 Copy GF_LICENSE.txt file in the device main folder

6 Press Activate license button

7 XPAD will be automatically activated with requested modules

Adding other modules

It’s possible to add other modules to current configuration.

Software installation, activation and first start. - 27

 Step Description

1
Run XPAD

2
Click on XPAD icon on top left

3 Select License & Modules page

4 Hit Change license button

5 Proceed as explained in previous paragraph Activation procedure

XPAD version information

Step Description

1
Click on XPAD icon on top left

2 Select About page

3 In the page you find the XPAD version number you are using

Information on active modules

Step Description

1
Click on XPAD icon on top left

2 Select License & Modules page

3 In the page you find several information as number and type of license and active modules

Installing localization packages

Localization packages allow to install in your device some system files necessary to use the product in a
particular country or with a particular language. Localization packages can be requested to your GeoMax
reference. Localization packages can contain:

Localization packages content

Voice messages in the corresponding language

Coordinates correction models

Geoid models

Other settings

Step Description

1 Copy localization package file in the XPAD folder of your device

2
Run XPAD

3 Hit Settings button

28 - XPAD Survey for Android

 4 Select Miscellaneous option

5 Hit Install button corresponding to Localization text

6 The list of all available localization packages in the controller appears

7 Select packages to install to run installation

The corresponding file can be deleted automatically at the end of the installation procedure
8
to gain space in the disk

Automatic updates
At start XPAD check automatically for updates; if an update is available the corresponding icon appears
in the main screen top bar.

Step Description

1
Click on button to see the list of new items in the update

2 Hit Install to download the update and install it

Restoring a previous version

All updates that are downloaded and installed on the device are saved to allow eventual restoring of a
previous version.

Step Description

1
Click on XPAD icon on top left

2 Select Releases page

3 Select the version to restore

Software installation, activation and first start. - 29

30 - XPAD Survey for Android
Workspace
Understanding the rules about operating with the workspace is essential to use the software quickly and
efficiently.

XPAD Survey for WinMobile

Main window
The main window is characterized by a main “circular” menu on top, by commands corresponding to
main menu and by the general purpose commands icons.
The “circular” menu allows to access to the list of commands corresponding to selected menu.

To move from one menu to another press the corresponding buttons or use the two buttons present in
the controller keyboard.

In the middle they are shown the commands corresponding to the selected main menu; to run a
command touch the corresponding item or select the corresponding number on the controller
keyboard.

In the bottom part there are the general purpose commands.

Command Description

access to graphic CAD

CAD

access to the window allowing to control the general status of the

connected receiver and to change the current profile. The icon
represent the actual type of instrument connected: Rover GPS, Base
GPS
GPS or total station.

Workspace - 31
 access to the window allowing to set parameters of the receiver and
of the software
Setup

closes the software

Esci

Dialog windows
Dialog windows are characterized by an upper bar, by a title bar, by the content of the window and by a
status bar.
The upper bar reports several useful information:

 software icon: clicking on the icon you access to general information about the software; if you are
inside a command the icon allows to close directly the command and go back to the previous dialog
window.
 name of the current job
 receiver battery status: clicking son image you access to general information about the receiver
status
 controller battery status: clicking son image you access to general information about the controller
status
 time

The title bar allows to close the window and to execute the main operations:

 Close/Cancel: the button allows to close the window and go back to the previous window
 Title of the window
 Command: the button, if present, allows to perform a particular operation. There are the following
types of buttons:

Button Meaning Description

Command Allows to perform an operation on the window and on its data

Confirm to press to confirm data editing

Step to press to pass to next step of a guided procedure

The status bar reports a central voice allowing to access to advanced functions.

In case of running on horizontal screen the buttons present in the upper part are reported on the status
bar located in the lower part of the screen.

32 - XPAD Survey for WinMobile

If content of the window isn’t completely visible in the intended space it’s possible to scroll vertically

pressing and dragging on the screen or using the button .

Virtual keyboard
To access to virtual keyboard from every input field click inside the field itself. Virtual keyboard allows to
insert alphabetic, numeric and symbols characters.

XPAD Survey for Zoom90

When the software is used with GeoMax Zoom90 total station it’s possible to use also the physic
keyboard, not only touch screen, to perform different operations.

Main Window

Key Function

Numbers 1-9 Select the corresponding item of menu

LEFT Arrow Pass to previous menu

RIGHT Arrow Pass to next menu

UP Arrow Up Scroll

DOWN Arrow Down Scroll

F1 CAD

F2 TPS or GPS Status

F3 Survey points

F4 Stakeout points

F5 Settings

F6 Exit

Windows with lists

Key Function

Workspace - 33
 UP Arrow Up Scroll

DOWN Arrow Down Scroll

Windows with 9 buttons

Key Function

Numbers 1-9 Select corresponding button

Input fields

Key Function

 go back and delete

DOWN Arrow Next input field

UP Arrow Previous input field

Text input fields

Press button until in the preview it appears the desired character.
Key Function

7 7ABCabc

8 8DEFdef

9 9GHIghi

4 4JKLjkl

5 5MNOmno

6 6PQRpqr

1 1STUstu

2 2VWXvwx

3 3 Y Z space y z

0 0/$%

. ._@&

+/- - *? !

34 - XPAD Survey for WinMobile

All windows

Key Function

F1-F2-F3-F4-F5-F6 Select corresponding option in the command bar

ESC Closes the window

Survey and stakeout windows

Key Function

F7 Allows selection of the target type

F8 Changes the target elevation

F9 Smart Drawing

F10 Total station orientation

F11 Measuring mode selection

F12 Access to control functions of the total station

FNC + 0 Keyboard light

FNC + . Electronic bubble

Return Start measuring

CAD

Key Function

Arrows Moving view

XPAD Survey for Zipp20

When the software is used with GeoMax Zipp20 total station it’s possible to use also the physic
keyboard, not only touch screen, to perform different operations.

Main window

Key Function

Numbers 1-9 Select the corresponding item of menu

LEFT Arrow Pass to previous menu

RIGHT Arrow Pass ot next menu

UP Arrow Up Scroll

DOWN Arrow Down Scroll

F1 CAD

F2 TPS or GPS Status

F3 Settings

F4 Exit

Workspace - 35
 Windows with lists

Key Function

UP Arrow Up Scroll

DOWN Arrow Down Scroll

FNC1 Page up

FNC2 Page down

Windows with 9 buttons

Key Function

Numbers 1-9 Select corresponding button

Input fields

Key Function

LEFT Arrow Go back and delete

RIGHT Arrow Next input field

UP Arrow Previous input field

Text input fields

Press key until in the preview it appears the desired character.
Key Function

7 7ABCabc

8 8DEFdef

9 9GHIghi

36 - XPAD Survey for WinMobile

 4 4JKLjkl

5 5MNOmno

6 6PQRpqr

1 1STUstu

2 2VWXvwx

3 3 Y Z space y z

0 0/$%

. ._@&

+/- - *? !

All windows

Key Function

F1-F2-F3-F4 Select corresponding option in the command bar

ESC Closes the window

Survey and stakeout windows

Key Function

FNC1 Allows selection of the target type

FNC2 Allows selection of the measuring mode and other options

Return Start measuring

CAD

Key Function

FNC1 Zoom In

FNC2 Zoom Out

Arrows Moving view

XPAD Survey for Android

Main window
The main window is characterized by the menu that organizes the different commands basing on their
function.

Workspace - 37
 In the lower part there are the general purpose commands.

Command Description

Enter the graphic CAD

CAD

Enter the window that allows to control general status of the connected
receiver and to change current profile. The icon represent the type of
GPS instrument actually connected: Rover GPS or Base GPS.

Access to window allowing to perform simple measures with the total

station and to check all measuring settings
TPS

Enter the widow that allows to set parameters of the receiver and of the
software
Settings

Quit software
Quit

Dialog boxes
Dialog boxes are characterized by an upper bar reporting several useful information:

Object Description

Clicking on this icon you access to general information about software,

XPAD icon
license, active modules and previously installed versions.

Job name or In main screen you can see the name of the job, in the dialog box the
screen title title of the box.

Update The presence of this icon indicates that an XPAD update is available;
available click on the icon to see the new items contained in the update and

38 - XPAD Survey for Android

 proceed with download and installation.

Icon shows the current weather; by clicking on it a window with

Weather
weather forecast for the next hours and days is shown.

Device battery charge. By clicking on it a window with several

Device battery
information about device is shown.

GPS receiver battery level. Clicking on icon it’s shown a window with
GPS Battery
several information about receiver or total station.

Total station battery level. Clicking on icon it’s shown a window with
TPS Battery
several information about receiver or total station.

XLive Access to the XLive chat.

XLive
Shows the presence of a new XLive notification and access to chat.
notifications

Current time

In the lower part of most part of the dialog boxes there is a bar containing commands you can use in the
box.

Standard buttons

Button Description

Closes the window; in a Step by Step procedure goes back to previous Step.

Saves content of the fields and closes the window.

Saves results obtained and continues with procedure.

Utilities to manage window data.

Adds a new item to data present in the window.

Eliminates selected objects present in the window.

In a Step by Step procedure loads the next page.

Allows to access to cloud servers; you can download files from a cloud server on
the controller but also save in the cloud server files generated by the software.

Activates procedure for stakeout of the point

Weather forecast
This window shows the weather forecast for next hours and next days.

Workspace - 39
 Clicking on a day the weather forecast for the hours of that day is shown.

Button Description

Update weather forecast

Device information
This window shows general information about device.

Receiver/total station information

This window shows general information about GPS receiver or total station connected.

Virtual keyboard
To access virtual keyboard from an input field click inside the field itself. Virtual keyboard allows to
insert alphabetic, numeric and symbols.

40 - XPAD Survey for Android

 Button Description

Closes the window

Activates the alphabetic keyboard

Activates numeric keyboard

Restores the starting value

Saves content of the fields and closes the window.

Inserting latitude and longitude values

In the input fields representing latitude and longitude values, you have to insert values according to this
rule:
<sign>GG.MMSSssss

Character Description

+ for latitude North and longitude East

<sign>
- for latitude South and longitude West

GG Decimal degrees

. Separator

MM Two characters for minutes

SS Two characters for seconds

ssss Tenths of a second

Value Value to input

12°34’56.7890 N 12.34567890

12°34’56.7890 S -12.34567890

123°45’56.7890 E 123.45567890

123°45’56.7890 W -123.45567890

Workspace - 41
Job managing
Jobs are organized in Sites; you can create new sites and manage existing sites; every new job is created
in the current site. Every site can contain several jobs.

Sites managing

JOB Menu New/Open Job

The list of the sites present in the device is shown. For every site, the number of jobs present is
indicated.

Button Description

LIST Alphabetic list of the sites

MAP Sites are shown on Google map

To create a new site

NEW

Allows to change the visualization order of the sites: alphabetic, ascending

or descending

Allows to change the reference folder of the jobs and of the sites

Setting current site

JOB Menu New/Open Job

Select line corresponding to the site to setup as current site; you go back to window with jobs list; only
jobs of the selected site are shown.

Creating a new site

JOB Menu New/Open Job

Field Description

Site name Name of the site to create

Address and position of the site; if your device has a valid GPS position it is
POSITION automatically reported. If your device is connected to internet it’s shown also
corresponding address.

42 - Sites managing
Deleting a site

JOB Menu Job utilities Delete site

Select site to delete. Jobs contained in the site will be deleted.

Jobs managing
The list of the jobs present in the device is visualized according to different modes.

Visualization modes

Mode Description

GALLERY Jobs gallery

LIST List of jobs

MAP Visualization of the jobs on Google map.

CALENDAR Visualization of the jobs on the calendar

Gallery
Jobs are visualized on a circular, merry-go-round, view with the picture associated to the job or with a
preview picture of the drawing; they are reported also information about the editing date of the file and
its dimension. Click on picture to proceed opening the job.

List
Jobs are listed on a list together with the editing date and file dimension. Click on the row corresponding
to the job to proceed opening it.

Map
The position of every job is represented on the Google map; click on icon to have information about a
job and to proceed opening it. If in the same zone there are several jobs a corresponding list is shown.

Calendar
Jobs are visualized on a calendar basing on their creation date. To pen a job click on corresponding day;
if one day several jobs are created, the number of created jobs is shown on that day and then the list is
visualized.

Button Description

Sites management

Gallery view

List view

Map view

Job managing - 43
 Calendar view

Access to jobs present on Cloud platform as Dropbox, Google Drive,

SkyDrive.

Allows to change the jobs visualization order: alphabetic ascending or

descending, editing date ascending or descending.

New job creation

NEW

Creating a new job

JOB Menu New/Open Job

NEW

Field Description

Site Site in which the job will be created

Job name Name of the job to create

You can create a link between the new job and an existing job;
when you open the job, the points present in the reference job
Reference job will be loaded in the new job as reference points and they can be
used for all the operation of orientation of the total station,
calibration of the GPS site, etc.

A survey codes library to link with the job. The library contains a
Codes library list of codes, descriptions and symbols that can be used to
describe the measured points.

GIS features library to associate to the job. The library contains

definitions of GIS features and of properties that can be
GIS features associated to the survey codes; when a point is saved, in addition
to position it’s possible to save the properties defined by the GIS
associated GIS feature.

Annotation Descriptive notes of the job.

They are visualized information about the coordinates system

COORDINATES
assigned to the new job. To the new job it’s assigned the
SYSTEM
coordinates system set as default system.

Address and position of the job; if your device has a valid GPS
POSITION position it is automatically reported. If your device is connected
to internet it’s visualized also the corresponding address.

Picture associated to job. It’s possible to use an image still

PHOTO present on controller or to shoot a new photo. Photo will be used
to represent the job in the Gallery view.

Opening an existing job

JOB Menu New/Open Job

44 - Jobs managing
Select the site containing the job to open; then select the job from the gallery, from the list, from the
Google map or from the calendar.

Opening a job saved on Cloud server

JOB Menu New/Open Job

Step Description

1 Select the cloud server in which jobs are saved

2 Sometimes it’s asked the login at server.

3 Select the job to open; the job will be copied in the current site and you can open it.

Properties of the job

JOB Menu Job utilities Job properties

Field Description

Site Site of the job

Job name Name of the job

You can create a link between the new job and an existing job;
when you open the job, the points present in the reference job
Reference job will be loaded in the new job as reference points and they can be
used for all the operation of orientation of the total station,
calibration of the GPS site, etc.

A survey codes library to link with the job. The library contains a
Codes library list of codes, descriptions and symbols that can be used to
describe the measured points.

GIS features library to associate to the job. The library contains

definitions of GIS features and of properties that can be
GIS features associated to the survey codes; when a point is saved, in addition
to position it’s possible to save the properties defined by the GIS
associated GIS feature.

Notes Descriptive notes of the job.

They are visualized information about the coordinates system

COORDINATES
assigned to the new job. To the new job it’s assigned the
SYSTEM
coordinates system set as default system.

Address and position of the job; if your device has a valid GPS
POSITION position it is automatically reported. If your device is connected to
internet it’s visualized also the corresponding address.

Copying or sending a copy of the current job

JOB Menu Job utilities Save a copy of the job

Job managing - 45
 Field Description

Job name Name to assign to the copy of the job

Allows to save the copy of the job on your device or on a cloud

Device/Cloud
server.

Allows to use services available on your Android device as sending

Share file
file by e-mail, by WI-Fi, Bluetooth, etc.

Deleting a job

JOB Menu Job utilities Delete job

Select jobs to delete.

Compact and repair a job

JOB Menu Job utilities Compact and repair job

Procedure allows to perform a compaction and eventually a restore of an existing job where many data
deleting are made or it’s corrupted. Selection of the job to process is required; a copy of the original job
is created.

Restoring a job

JOB Menu Job utilities Restore job

The restoring procedure allows to import in a new job the RAW file of another job that is damaged and
that you can’t open no more. You are asked to select the RAW file to load and to assign a name to the
new file to create.

Step Description

1 Select RAW file of the job to restore

2 Assign a name to the new job to create containing the restore data

Job file
Every job is saved in a file with GFD extension. When you open the job a copy is created automatically
with GFD_BAK extension.
Moreover, to every closure of the job the RAW file is created with RAW extension; the RAW file it’s a
text file reporting all essential data of the job: topographic points and measures. The RAW file can be
used by third-party software to import data.
Sketches associated to points or to measures fieldbook are saved in a sub-folder of the folder of the job;
the name of the sub-folder is <name of the job>_IMG.

46 - Jobs managing
Settings
The software operations are subjected to a series of parameters and options that are fully customizable
by the user.

Units

Setup Units

The page allows to set the units of measure to use for every type of data.

Decimals

Setup Decimals

The page allows to set the number of decimals to show for every type of data.

Coordinates

Setup Coordinates

The page allows to set the symbols to mark the abscissa, the ordinates and the elevations. Moreover it’s
possible to set the order of visualization and insertion of abscissa and ordinates. Moreover it’s possible
to set direction of the ordinates: the default direction of the ordinates is toward North but in some
countries it’s inverted.

GPS Accuracy check

Setup GPS Accuracy check

The tab allows to set several parameters controlling the acquisition of the positions of the GPS receiver
and that set the functioning modes.
Field Description

Store only in fixed The epochs recording is done only if the receiver is in fixed position.

Activates accuracy check; GPS epoch is accepted if the current precision

Accuracy check
satisfies the preset precision conditions.

H Maximum horizontal precision to make acceptable the GPS epoch

V Maximum vertical precision (elevation) to make acceptable the GPS epoch

DOP check Activates the check on DOP value; the GPS epoch is accepted only if the DOP

Settings - 47
 value is lower than the preset one.

Maximum DOP Maximum DOP value to make acceptable the GPS epoch.

Activates the number of satellites check; the GPS epoch is accepted only if
Satellites check
the number of tracked satellites is more than the minimum value preset.

Minimum number of
Minimum number of satellites to make acceptable the GPS epoch.
satellites

It’s possible to set the use of different types of sensors in surveying and
stakeout phases:
 None: no sensor
 E-bubble (controller): activates the use of electronic bubble of the
controller; the GPS epoch is accepted only if the electronic bubble is
inside the tolerance range.
Sensor mode
 E-bubble (GPS receiver): activates the use of electronic bubble of the
GPS receiver (if present); the GPS epoch is accepted only if the
electronic bubble is inside the tolerance range.
 Tilted pole (GPS receiver): activates the use of tilt and compass sensors
of the GPS receiver (if present). Sensors allow to calculate the position
of the point even if the pole is not vertical.

Maximum error (2m

Maximum error acceptable outside the bubble considering a 2 meters pole.
pole)

Activates the GPS localization zone check; if a coordinates system defined by

a localization on more than 2 points is set, the software verifies if the
receiver position is inside the localization zone; if current position is external
Localization zone
to localization zone an icon on coordinates panel is visualized in survey and
check
stakeout windows. The localization zone is drawn in the graphic window.

Activates calculation of the average of coordinates of a point when it’s

Measures average
measured more times.

Horizontal Tolerance on distances and elevations: if a measure differs, referring to

average value, more than tolerance it’s considered out of tolerance and
Vertical highlighted in the list of measures.

GPS Survey mode

Setup GPS Survey mode

The tab allows to set the main functioning parameters for the different GPS survey modes.

GPS survey

Field Description

Measure mode Automatic: measure ends automatically after the preset number of seconds

Seconds of acquisition of the position of the point; for every second it’s
saved a number of epochs equal to frequency set in the GPS profile. In case
Time on point (sec)
of 1Hz frequency it’s saved one position (epoch) per second; for a frequency
of 5Hz they are saved 5 positions per second.

48 - GPS Survey mode

Automatic survey

Field Description

Mode to use for the automatic points survey:

 Time: position is acquired in preset intervals of time
 Distance 2D: position is acquired in preset intervals of horizontal
distance
Measure mode  Distance 3D: position is acquired in preset intervals of three-
dimensional distance
 Stop & Go: position is acquired according to Stop & Go mode; when the
antenna remains in still position the software begins to acquire the
position.

In case of Time mode, defines the interval of time among the automatic
Measure every (sec)
acquisition of positions.

In case of 2D Distance mode, defines the interval of horizontal distance that

Distance 2D must intervene between position to acquire and position previously
acquired.

In case of 3D Distance mode, defines the interval of three-dimensional

Distance 3D distance that must intervene between position to acquire and position
previously acquired.

In case of Stop & Go mode, defines the time to stay on the point to allow the
Stop time (sec)
acquisition of position.

In case of Stop & Go mode, represent the maximum movement allowed to

Max. movement consider “still” the antenna; when the software identifies that the antenna
antenna remains in position almost still, with a movement lower than the maximum
value, the acquisition of the position begins for the defined stop time.

Post-Processing survey

Field Description

Measure mode Automatic: measure ends automatically after the set number of seconds.

Survey codes

Field Description

Activates a preferential use of numeric codes concerning survey codes. The

Numeric codes
virtual keyboard appearing is the numeric one.

Measure after Quick Activating this option it’s automatically started the measure immediately
Code after the selection of the Quick Code.

TPS survey

Setup TPS survey

The tab allows to set the total station survey functioning and control parameters.

Settings - 49
 Accuracy check

Field Description

Maximum acceptable error on horizontal angle in multiple measures and in

Horizontal angle (sec)
measures on Face 1 and Face 2.

Maximum acceptable error on vertical angle in multiple measures and in

Vertical angle (sec)
measures on Face 1 and Face 2.

Maximum acceptable error on distance in multiple measures and in

Distance
measures on Face 1 and Face 2.

Activates the use of electronic bubble; The electronic bubble is visualized in

E-bubble check
the survey and stakeout windows.

Maximum error (2m

Maximum error acceptable outside the bubble considering a 2 meters pole.
pole)

Activates calculation of the average of coordinates of a point when it’s

Measures average
measures more times.

Horizontal Tolerance on distances and elevations: if a measure differs, referring to

average value, more than tolerance it’s considered out of tolerance and
Vertical highlighted in the list of measures.

Survey codes

Field Description

Activates a preferential use of numeric codes concerning survey codes. The

Numeric codes
virtual keyboard appearing is the numeric one.

Measure after Quick Activating this option it’s automatically started the measure immediately
Code after the selection of the Quick Code.

Angles

Field Description

 Save after measure: the vertical angle of the measure is saved

 Save current value: the current value of the vertical angle is saved. This
Vertical angle
option allows changing the vertical angle before saving the measure
both when surveying both when making stakeout.

Activates the automatic searching of the prism after the total station lose it.
The automatic searching mode after the prism is lost are:
 None: no action
 360° Search: a 360° search of the prism is started
Searching after losing
 Window + 360° Search: a window search in the zone where the prism is
lost is started and then a 360° search
 Return to last position: the station goes in the last position where the
prism was locked

Stakeout

Settings Stakeout

50 - Stakeout
The tab allows to set the functioning and control parameters for the GPS and total station survey and
stakeout.

Field Description

Maximum horizontal distance between current position and position to

reach to consider being on stakeout position; if the distance between
Distance tolerance
current position and position to reach is lower or equal to tolerance, the
software reports the reaching of stakeout position.

Maximum acceptable difference between current elevation and stakeout

Elevation tolerance elevation; if the elevation difference is lower or equal to tolerance the
software reports the reaching of the position in elevation.

Vocal info Activates the vocal information during the stakeout operations.

Allows checking the stakeout position before proceeding to saving new point
Confirm before saving on position to stakeout. Disabling this option the stakeout point is saved
without any further request.

Defines reference referring to which the information to reach the stakeout

position with the GPS are provided. References can be:
- North: information are provided referring to the North; turn the
controller toward the North and follow indications.
GPS reference
- Sun: information are provided referring to the Sun; turn the controller
toward the Sun and follow indications.
- Point: information are provided referring to a reference point previously
defined; turn the controller toward the point and follow indications.

Distance determining the automatic change of visualization of the stakeout

information; if the distance of the receiver from the point to stakeout is
more than the preset value it appears the arrow indicating direction; if the
Arrow limit
distance of the receiver from the point to stakeout is lower than the preset
value it appears the stakeout sketch with the reference to North, to Sun or
to Point.

Defines reference referring to which the information to reach the stakeout

position with the total station are provided. References can be:
- Target: information are provided considering the operator on the target
TPS reference looking toward the total station.
- Total station: : information are provided considering the operator on
the TPS.
- North: : information are provided referring to North.

When this option is activated the motorized total station turns automatically
Turn toward point
toward the stakeout point just when it’s selected.

GPS survey and stakeout

Setup Survey & stakeout

The different tabs allow to set the functioning and control parameters for the GPS survey and stakeout.

Settings - 51
 Precision check

Field Description

Number of epochs to acquire for every measure. The number of epochs

depends by the acquisition frequency set for the receiver:
Epochs
 Frequency 5Hz: 5 epochs correspond to one second
 Frequency 1Hz: 1 epoch corresponds to one second

Activates the precision check; the GPS epoch is accepted if current precision
Accuracy check
satisfies the preset precision conditions.

Horizontal Maximum horizontal precision (elevation) to make acceptable the GPS epoch

Vertical Maximum vertical precision (elevation) to make acceptable the GPS epoch

Activates the check on DOP value; the GPS epoch is accepted only if DOP
DOP check
value is lower than the preset value.

Max DOP Maximum DOP value to make acceptable the GPS epoch.

It’s possible to set the use of different types of sensors in surveying and
stakeout phases:
 None: no sensor
 E-bubble: activates the use of electronic bubble of the GPS receiver (if
Sensor present); the GPS epoch is accepted only if the electronic bubble is
inside the tolerance range.
 Tilted pole (GPS receiver): activates the use of tilt and compass sensors
of the GPS receiver (if present). Sensors allow to calculate the position
of the point even if the pole is not vertical.

Maximum error (2m Maximum error acceptable outside the bubble considering a 2 meters pole.
pole) This value is used if the sensors use is set.

Coordinates

Field Description

Activates calculation of the average value of the coordinates of a point when

Average coords
it’s measured more times.

Horizontal Tolerance on distances and elevations: if a measure differs, referring to

average value, more than tolerance it’s considered out of tolerance and
Vertical highlighted in the list of measures.

Automatic survey

Field Description

Mode to use for automatic survey of points:

 Time: position is acquired on fixed time intervals
 Distance 2D: position is acquired on fixed horizontal distance intervals
Measure mode  Distance 3D: position is acquired on fixed three dimensional distance
intervals
 Stop & Go: position is acquired according to Stop & Go mode; when the
antenna remains still the software starts acquisition of position

In case of Time mode, sets the time interval among automatic acquisition of
Measure every (sec)
positions.

Distance 2D In case of Distance 2D mode, sets the horizontal distance interval that must

52 - GPS survey and stakeout

 be between position to acquire and the previously acquired position.

In case of Distance 3D mode, sets the three dimensional distance interval

Distance 3D that must be between position to acquire and the previously acquired
position.

In case of Stop & Go mode, sets the time to stay on the point to allow the
Stop time (sec)
acquisition of the position.

In case of Stop & Go mode, represent the maximum allowed movement to

Max antenna consider “still” the antenna; when the software feels that the antenna is
movement almost still, with a movement lower than the maximum value, starts the
acquisition of the position for the time of stop preset.

Codes

Field Description

Smart Drawing Visualizes or hides the SmartDrawing button in the survey window.

Measure after Quick Activating this option the measure is automatic activated just after you
Code choose the Quick Code.

Sets the request level of codes (only for Text survey mode). It’s possible to
Codes level
set up to 3 levels of codes.

Separator character used to distinguish the single codes inside the complete
Separator
code (composed code).

Stakeout

Field Description

Maximum horizontal distance between current position and position to

reach to consider being on the stakeout position; if the distance between
Distance Tolerance
current position and position to reach is lower or the same as tolerance,
software signals the achievement of stakeout position.

Maximum acceptable difference between current elevation and stakeout

Elevation Tolerance elevation; if the elevation difference is lower or the same as tolerance,
software signals the achievement of position in elevation.

Slope Tolerance Maximum acceptable difference between current slope and project slope.

Allows to check the stakeout position before proceeding to save the new
Info before store point on position to stakeout. Disabling this option the stakeout point is
saved without any other request.

Set the reference against which to provide information to reach the stakeout
position with GPS. References can be:
- North: information are provided against North; turn controller toward
Reference GPS
North and follow instructions.
- Sun: information are provided against the Sun; turn controller toward
the Sun and follow instructions.

Distance determining the automatic visualization change of stakeout

information; if the distance of receiver from point to stakeout is higher than
Compass limit the set value it appears the arrow indicating the direction; if the distance of
receiver from point to stakeout is lower than the set value it appears the
scheme of stakeout with reference to North, or Sun or Point.

Settings - 53
 Enables visualization of drawing information in the graphic window during
Complete drawing
stakeout.

Survey and stakeout TPS

Setup Survey & stakeout

The different tabs allow to set functioning and control parameters related to survey and stakeout with
total station.

Tolerances

Field Description

Maximum acceptable error on horizontal angle in multiple measures and in

Horizontal angle (sec)
Face 1 and Face 2 measures.

Maximum acceptable error on vertical angle in multiple measures and in

Vertical angle (sec)
Face 1 and Face 2 measures.

Maximum acceptable error on distance in multiple measures and in Face 1

Distance
and Face 2 measures.

Coordinate

Field Description

Activates calculation of the average value of the coordinates of one point

Average coords
when it’s measured more times.

Horizontal Tolerance on distances and on elevations: Tolerance on distances and

elevations: if a measure differs, referring to average value, more than
Vertical tolerance it’s considered out of tolerance and highlighted in the list of
measures.

Codes

Field Description

Smart Drawing Visualizes or hides the SmartDrawing button in the survey window.

Measure after Quick Activating this option the measure is automatic activated just after you
Code choose the Quick Code.

Sets the request level of codes (only for Text survey mode). It’s possible to
Codes levels
set up to 3 levels of codes.

Separator character used to distinguish the single codes inside the complete
Separator
code (composed code).

Stakeout

Field Description

Maximum horizontal distance between current position and position to

Distance Tolerance
reach to consider being on the stakeout position; if the distance between

54 - Survey and stakeout TPS

 current position and position to reach is lower or the same as tolerance,
software signals the achievement of stakeout position.

Maximum acceptable difference between current elevation and stakeout

Elevation Tolerance elevation; if the elevation difference is lower or the same as tolerance,
software signals the achievement of position in elevation.

Slope Tolerance Maximum acceptable difference between current slope and project slope.

Allows to check the stakeout position before proceeding to save the new
Info before store point on position to stakeout. Disabling this option the stakeout point is
saved without any other request.

Set the reference against which to provide information to reach the stakeout
position with total station. References can be:
- Target: information is provided considering the operator on target
Reference TPS turned toward the total station.
- Total station: information is provided considering the operator on total
station.
- North: information is provided referring to North.

Enables visualization of drawing information in the graphic window during

Complete drawing
stakeout.

Laser scanner

Settings Laser scanner

The tab allows to activate the Laser scanner survey mode: this mode becomes useful when you operate
with laser scanner, with a GPS receiver installed over it and with a receiver located on one or more
targets. Directly from XPAD it’s possible to acquire positions of the scan centers and of the targets
identified by a specific prefix; in correspondence of the scan centers it’s drawn a circle which radius
represents the average covering reached by the scanner. The circle drawing of the still covered zones
allows to state the correct positioning of the next scans to guarantee a good covering of all area.

FIeld Description

Enables drawing of the scanning zone; the drawing consists in a circle having
Draw scan zone
the center in the scan points.

Radius to use for the drawing of the scan area; corresponds to the average
Scan radius
range of the scanner.

Prefix with which the scan centers has to be identified; in correspondence of

Prefix scan center
the scan centers they will be drawn the scan zones.

Prefix target Prefix with which they are indicated the target points.

Enables the scanner control mode directly from XPAD; in survey menu it’s
Scanner control added an item allowing to access to web page to control the scanner (in case
of GeoMax Zoom300 scanner).

Settings - 55
 XLive

Settings XLive

The tab allows to set the functioning mode of XLive system that is explained in chapter XLive the
collaborative survey.

Miscellaneous

Settings Miscellaneous

Setup various

Field Description

Activating this option the virtual keyboard appears when you click activating
the input field; when the option id disabled, to see the keyboard it’s
Immediate keyboard
necessary to make active the input field and then to click again on the same
field.

Activating this option the software will query periodically the server to have
Meteo Info
updated info about the weather.

GPS position symbols Symbol to use to represent the GPS position in the graphic window.

Language used by the software; for a correct operation it’s necessary to

Language
restart the software after modifying the language.

Allows installing the localization packages available for the different

Localization
countries.

Automatic exporting

Field Description

Allows to set the format type of data to export automatic when closing the
job. Enabling this option the software is able to generate automatic the
Format
requested format to every closure of the job avoiding this has to be done by
the operator.

Miscellaneous

Setup Miscellaneous

Field Description

Numeric codes Activates a preferential use of numeric codes regarding the survey codes.

Autosave Activates automatic saving of the current job; the autosave operation creates
a copy of the current job changing the extension of the file.

56 - XLive
 Every (min.) Interval of time passing among autosaving operations.

Language Language used by the software; for a correct functioning we recommend to

restart the software after language modification.

Commands manager

Settings Commands manager

The tab allows to make visible or invisible every single command of the different menu of the software;
this way it’s possible to avoid the accidental modification of settings and parameters by inexpert
operators. After setting which commands have to be available a password is requested; to edit then the
settings it’s necessary to insert again the same password.

Reports

Settings Reports

The tab allows to set a text and an image (logo) that will be reported in the heading of every generated
report.

Saving and loading settings

All setup can be saved as default setup in order to be the reference setup for every new job. Otherwise
it’s possible to save setup with a name and then load it when necessary on every other job.

Save settings as default

Settings

Current setup are saved as default setup; every new job will use automatically these setup.

Save setup as

Settings Save settings with name

Insert a name to be used to save current setup.

Load settings

Settings Load settings

Select file corresponding to setup to load in current file.

Settings - 57
Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing
This set of commands allows to access to numeric visualization of the data present in the job; it’s
possible to access to the table of the topographic points, of the reference points of the site measures
and to survey codes managing.

Topographic points

JOB Points/Measures/Code Points page

Topographic points are all that position characterized by a name and having specific additional features;
they can come from direct measuring or from manual inserting or from importing from external files.
Table reports the list of all topographic points present in the job; points are listed according to inserting
order, so at first place you find the last point inserted. An icon representing the origin of the point, the
name, the code and the coordinates is visualized.
Selecting a point it appears a menu allowing to execute specific operations on it.

Creating a new point

NEW

The data of the point are organized in pages.

Coordinates page

Point Name of the point

Allows to visualize below the plane coordinates or the geographic

coordinates of the point

NEZ Plane coordinates of the point

Lat. / Long. / Elevation Geographic coordinates of the point

Properties page

Survey code of the point; the button allows to access to the codes library
Code
and to select a code from the list

Description Extended description of the point

Date Date and time of the point saving

If the GIS module is activated and one or more codes with GIS information
GIS data has been associated to the point it’s possible to use the button Edit to
insert and modify the corresponding GIS properties.

58 - Topographic points
 Sketch page

Deletes sketch and photo

Restores original content

Adds a label with main information of the point; the label can be
moved in every position

Adds a label with a free text; the label can be moved in every position

Adds an arrow symbol; the arrow can be moved and turned

Enables the free drawing mode

Allows to save a vocal message

Starts the application allowing to shoot a photo and save it.

If a point was measured more times and it’s activated the option Average coordinates in the survey
setup, it appears also the AVERAGE page. The page reports the different measures used for the
coordinates calculation of the point; for every measure are visualized the differences referring to the
average value calculated. It’s possible to decide which measures to use for the calculation and also to
edit directly a measure.

Editing a point
Select point on table and select the Edit item from the appearing menu. The content of the window is
the same still seen for creation of a new point.

Visualizing point on CAD

Select point on table and select the Display on CAD item from the appearing menu; the point is
visualized in the center of the graphic window.

Stakeout of a point
Select point on table and select the Stakeout item to start the procedure allowing to stakeout the
selected point. For further information see chapter Stakeout of points.

Deleting a point
Select point on table and select the Delete item to delete the selected point.

Deleting a group of points

Delete Topographic points

TOOLS

Step Description

1 Select points to delete

Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing - 59

 2
Hit to select or deselect all points of the list.

3
to proceed with deleting of points.

Deleting coincident points

Delete Coincident points

Command allows to delete points finding on the same position of another point.

Sharing data of a point

Select point on table and select Share item. Chose sharing method and complete procedure; for the
selected point will be sent the information related to coordinates (geographic and plane), code,
description and eventually the photo/sketch associated.

Searching a point

Find point
TOOLS

Indicate the name of the point to search; if the point is found it’s putted in first view on the table.

Visualizing Latitude, Longitude and Elevation

View LLH
TOOLS

For every point are visualized the geodetic coordinates, if available.

Visualizing East/X, North/Y and Elevation/Z

View ENZ/XYZ
TOOLS

For every point are visualized the plane coordinates.

Visualizing Distance and direction

Distance &
View
Direction
TOOLS

60 - Topographic points
For every point is visualized the distance referring to current position and the direction of the point
referring to direction of the device. To visualize these information the software can use the GPS receiver
connected or the GPS inside the device.

Diagram Distances/Elevation

Diagram Distances/Elevation
TOOLS

Points are displayed on a diagram that has the distances on the horizontal axis and the elevations on the
ordinate axis.

Transferring points on reference points table

Transfer points to reference

Save/Load
points
TOOLS

Command allows to copy or move selected points in the reference points table.

Step Description

1 Select points to copy/move

2
Hit to select o deselect all points of the list.

4 Specify if copy or move selected points.

Loading points from a job

Save/Load Load points from job

Command allows to import points from another job.

Step Description

1 Select job from which to load points

2 Select points to load; in the page MAP it’s possible to visualize points on Google map.

3
Hit to select or deselect all points of the list.

4
to proceed with importing procedure

Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing - 61

 Saving points on another job

Save/load Save points on job

Command allows to export selected points on another job.

Step Description

1 Select points to save

2
Hit to select or deselect all points of the list.

4 Select job on which to export selected points

Changing the visualization order

Sort
TOOLS

The command allows to view the list of points according an ascending or descending order, by name of
the point or creation date.

Fieldbook of measures
The fieldbook of measures reports the chronologic list of all measures performed on site. The measures
are listed according to acquisition order, so at first place you find the last measure performed. For every
measure an icon specifying the type of measure, the name of the measured point, the date and time of
acquisition, the code, description and other information is visualized.

JOB Points/Measures/Codes Measures page

Editing a measure
Select measure on the table and select item Edit from the appearing menu. In the different pages are
reported all data of the measure but only some of them are editable:

Field Description

Point Name of the point

Antenna elevation
Antenna elevation (GPS) or target elevation (TPS)
Target elevation

Code Code of the point

Description Extended description of the point

Sketch/Photo Sketch associated to point

62 - Fieldbook of measures
Changing of the antenna or target elevation determinates a new calculation of the elevation of the
corresponding topographic point.

Deleting a measure
Select measure on the table and select item Delete to delete the selected measure.

Deleting a group of measures

JOB Points/measures/codes Measure page Delete measures

TOOLS

Step Description

1 Select measures to delete

2
Hit to select or deselect all points of the list.

3
to proceed to deleting measure

Searching a measure

Find measure
TOOLS

Indicate the name of the point to search; if the corresponding measure is found it’s putted as first on the
table and selected.

Visualizing notes
Table reports the list of measure but, among measures, it’s also possible to visualize notes; there are
two types of notes:

Notes inserted automatically by the software in response to certain

events as:
 connection of the instrument
Automatic notes  interruption of the connection of the instrument
 start of the base
 start of recording of raw data
 interruption of recording of raw data

User notes texts, sketches and photo saved by the user

It’s possible to visualize or hide notes.

View/Hide notes
TOOLS

Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing - 63

 Adding a note

First page allows to insert a descriptive text instead the second page allows to add a sketch or a photo.

Moving GPS base

Moves GPS base

TOOLS

After performing a post-processing of raw data acquired by the base and having obtained corrected
coordinates of the same, it’s possible to set the new coordinates of the base and obtain the updated
coordinates of all points of the job.

Field Description

List of base points present in the job. Select the base for which to insert
Base name
the new coordinates

Specify if they are inserted the new coordinates of the base or the
Mode
moving values referring to previous values

Latitude
Longitude Insert the new coordinates of the base or the movement values
Elevation

At confirmation the coordinates of the base are changed with the new values and the coordinates of all
points measured by the base are updated consequently.

Measures report

Measures report
TOOLS
Generated a detailed report of all measures present in the job. The report can be obtained in ASCII, CSV
for Excel, XML for Excel or PDF formats.

Create surface from bathymetry

Bathymetry

Create surface from

bathymetry
TOOLS

The command allows to create a triangles three-dimensional surface using the points of bathymetric
sessions.
Field Description

Name Name of surface to create

64 - Fieldbook of measures
 Contour lines Enables visualization of the contour lines on the surface.

Contour step Equidistance to use to draw the curves.

Contour color Color to use to draw the curves.

Select the bathymetric sessions and proceed with creation of the surface.

Reference points
The Reference points table manages all topographic points with known coordinates and that can be
therefore used in different situations as reference points and check points.

JOB Points/measures/codes Reference

Functioning of the table is similar to the Points table.

Survey codes
Survey codes allow to identify with precision every point and to automate many operations to complete
the survey drawing. To the code it’s possible to associate not only an extended description, but also a
symbol and a layer; this way the points, basing on their associated code, are represented with a certain
symbol and on a certain layer.
It’s possible to define different libraries of codes and use them in different jobs; in every moment it’s
possible substituting the current library with a different one.
To every code it’s possible to associate a GIS feature; the GIS feature is composed by a group of
properties freely definable by the user; when a code or a GIS feature is associated to a point it’s possible
to integrate the point with the information corresponding to properties defined by the feature.

JOB Points/measures/codes Codes

The table Survey codes reports the list of survey codes of the current library. For every code besides its
value it’s reported the symbol and the extended description.

Note. Codes libraries are saved in distinct files inside folder X-PAD\_Data\Codes inside the software;
files have XML extension.

Creating a new code

Data of the code are organized in pages.

Main data page

Code Short code

Description Extended description

Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing - 65

 Layer Layer associated to point

Color by layer Specifies if to use the layer color for the drawing of the symbol of the point

Color Color to use to draw the symbol if the point (if the layer color is not used)

Symbol size Dimension of the symbol

The code can identify the mode with which to represent graphically the
object you are measuring. The types are:
 Single point: the object measured is represented by a single position;
for example a tree, an illumination pole.
 Line: the object measured is represented by a polyline; for example a
side of the road, a wall.
 Diagonal square: the object measured is of squared shape and it’s
inserted measuring the points on the opposite end.
Drawing type
 Square center: the object measured is of squared shape and it’s
inserted measuring the center and the middle point on a side
 Rectangle base: the object measured is of rectangular shape and it’s
inserted measuring the points on the opposite end of the base and a
point on the opposite side
 Rectangle center: the object measured is of rectangular shape and it’s
inserted measuring the center, the middle point on a side and a third
point on the other side

GIS
It’s possible to associate to the code one of the GIS features present in the
GIS feature current job. It’s possible to insert further information to points to which is
associated a survey code to which, it self, is associated a GIS feature. These
information are defined by the properties of the associated GIS feature.

Symbol Page

Select symbol with which to draw the point to which the code has been associated.

Open Symbols manager

Editing a code
Select code on table and select the Edit item from the appearing menu. The content of the window is
the same still seen for creation of a new code.

Deleting a code
Select code on table and select the Delete item to delete the selected code.

Deleting a group of codes

Delete codes
TOOLS

Step Description

1 Select codes to delete

66 - Survey codes
 2
Hit to select or deselect all points of the list.

3
to proceed deleting codes

Creating a new library

New Library

Assign a name to the library to create. The table present itself empty and ready to insert new codes.

Loading an existing library

Load XPAD library

TOOLS

Select file corresponding to library to load.

Importing a list of codes from ASCII file

Load library from text

file (ASCII)

Step Description

1 Select text file to load

Choose the desired importing scheme or choose * Custom * to proceed to creation of your
2
own scheme.

3 Set the separation character (in case of Custom scheme)

Set the number of lines composing the header of the file and that have hence not to be
4
imported.

In case of Custom scheme it’s possible to decide which fields are present in the file and in
6
which order.

8 A preview of importing result it’s visualized

10 Assign a name to importing scheme so that you can use it in next importations.

11
to start importation

Note. Schemes of importation/exportation are saved on file with PSC extension in the X-
PAD\_Data\Schemes folder of the software.

Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing - 67

 Importing a codes list from LandXML file

Load library from

LandXML
TOOLS

Specify if to add codes to the current library or if to create a new library; select then the LandXML file
containing the codes to import.

Exporting current library

Save a library copy

TOOLS

Assign a name with which to save current library.

Exporting current library as default codes library

Save a library as default

TOOLS

The current library is saved as default codes library. The new jobs will use the default codes library.

Managing GIS data

GIS manager
TOOLS

Access to table of GIS features that can be associated to survey codes.

Symbols manager
The symbols manager allows to insert and to delete symbols associated to points codes.

Points/Measures/Co Insert or
JOB Codes page Symbols page
des edit code

Deleting a symbol
Select the symbol and select item Delete.

Importing new symbols

It’s possible to import new symbols from blocks of a DXF file.

Import blocks
TOOLS

68 - Symbols manager
Select the DXF file containing blocks to import. For every block present in the DXF file it’s calculated the
maximum dimension and a corresponding scale factor it’s applied so it can be represented as a symbol.

Warning. Blocks to use to become symbols must contain the base entities as lines, polylines, arcs and
circles and must be of little dimension.

GIS features

JOB Points/measures/codes Codes page GIS manager

GIS
A GIS feature is composed by a group of properties the values of which allow to describe in complete
manner an element of the territory measured. The GIS features are used hence to allow measuring , not
only the positions of the elements of the territory, but also further descriptive data with the scope to
create a GIS system.

Example of GIS features:

GIS feature Attribute name Attribute type Constraints

Well Type List of values

Depth Floating-point value Obligatory

Number of
Integer value Minimum 1 maximum 4
connections

Maintenance True/False

Tree Type List of values

Elevation Floating-point value Obligatory

Diameter Floating-point value Obligatory

To cut True/False

The user can build his own library of GIS feature and to define, for every feature, the corresponding
attributes; every GIS feature can be associated to a survey code; during survey, when you save the
point, the software checks the survey code associated to the point: if a GIS feature is associated to the
survey code, it will appear so a window allowing to fill the corresponding attributes.
All these information associated to points can be exported in different ways.

Creating a new GIS feature

GIS feature

Name Name of the GIS feature

Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing - 69

 Attributes List of attributes defined by the feature

Allows to create a new attribute

Moves the attribute in previous position

Moves the attribute in next position

To edit a GIS attribute select it from the table and chose the Edit item from the appearing menu. The
content of the window is the same still seen for creation of a new attribute.
To delete a GIS attribute select it from the table and chose Delete item from the appearing menu.

Adding a GIS attribute

GIS attribute

Name Name of the attribute

Type of value of the attribute:

Text: alpha-numeric text
Integer number
Type
Real number
Yes/No
Title: it’s not an attribute but the title of the group of the following attributes

Prompt Text of request of the attribute

Default value Value to purpose as default

List List of values

When the option is active the value of the attribute can be chosen only from the
Fixed list
list of values and can’t be inserted by the user

Mode of request of value:

Active: normal request
Mode
Read only: the attribute is not editable
Hidden: the attribute is hidden and is not visualized

Activating this option it’s necessary to assign a value to the attribute and it can’t
Obligatory
be left without a value

Saving GIS features

Save GIS features

TOOLS

Exports the GIS features of the current job on an external library in order to use it in other jobs.

70 - GIS features
Loading GIS features

Load GIS features

TOOLS

Allows to load in the current job a library of GIS features previously exported from another job.

Points, measures, survey codes and GIS features managing - 71

Coordinate system
The coordinate system allows to define different parameters and methods of calculation including the
ones to use for the transformation of the geographic coordinates obtained from GPS instrument.

Pay attention. Modification of the coordinate systems parameters determinates an automatic re-
calculation of the coordinates of the GPS points present in the job; this way it’s possible in every
moment to change the system obtaining the coordinates of the point in the new system.

Cartographic system

JOB Coordinate system Cartographic system

Setting the cartographic system it’s necessary if coordinates of the points are referred to a system
defined by a reference projection, datum and ellipsoid and by some transformation parameters. The
cartographic system can be used both for calculation of the geographic coordinates of GPS instrument
both for calculation of the scale factor to apply to distances measured with total station.
In definition of the cartographic system it’s possible to choose one among predefined systems or to
define in complete way your own system with all the parameters.

Field Description

Name Name to assign to the system

Projection Cartographic projection to use

Datum to use to pass from WGS84 ellipsoid and the cartographic system
Datum ellipsoid. Click on field to access to window reporting the list of preset datum
and of datum created by the user.

Ellipsoid of the cartographic system. Click on field to access to window

Ellipsoid
reporting the list of preset datum and of datum created by the user.

Field Description

Origin Latitude
Origin Longitude
False East Parameters of the coordinate system
False North
Scale

In order the cartographic system is used for the transformation of the GPS coordinates it’s necessary to
specify that you want to use it in the command GPS localization.

Warning. On XPAD for Windows Mobile the cartographic system can be defined directly choosing
item Job > Coordinate systems > GPS Localization > Cartographic system.

Loading a predefined system

The software has a wide list of coordinate systems used in different countries and immediately usable.

72 - Cartographic system
 Load predefined system

It’s proposed the list of the systems available among which to choose the desired one. The systems are
organized by country but it’s also available a ** USER ** in which are saved systems created by the user.

Saving a system as predefined

Current system can be saved in the ** USER ** group of the predefined systems to be used also in other
jobs.

Save as predefined

Deleting current cartographic system

Command allows to cancel the setting of the current cartographic system.

Cancel current
cartographic system

GPS localization
GPS
With this command you define the method to use for transformation of the GPS coordinates in plane
coordinates and vice-versa; the method distinguishes the calculation to use for transformation of the
coordinates from the method to use for calculation of the elevations.
In the absence of a GPS localization only the geographic coordinates of the points are recorded but it’s
not possible their visualization in the graphic window.

JOB Coordinate system GPS localization

Systems Description

No system No coordinate system is applied

It’s created a system based on a local projection referred to an origin

Local - Single point
point.

It’s created a local system based on couples of points for which they are
Local – Site calibration known both the geographic coordinate both the corresponding local
plane coordinate.

The passing from geographic coordinates and plane coordinates comes

Cartographic system through the use of the cartographic system explained in previous
paragraph.

Coordinate system - 73
 Local system – single point

Step Description

1 Choose the option Local – single point

2
Next

Specify the geographic coordinates of the reference point of the system; if a point is still
present with desired coordinates it’s possible to recall it typing its name, selecting it from
3 the graphic or from the tables. It’s possible to acquire the current position hitting the button
Measure; it’s opened a window where it’s possible to specify the elevation of the antenna
and to acquire position.

4
Next

Specify the local coordinates corresponding to the reference point; if it’s still present a point
5 with desired coordinates it’s possible to recall it typing its name, selecting it from the graphic
or from the tables.

6
Next

7 Procedure follows with request of the mode of calculation to use for elevations.

Local system – Site calibration

Step Description

1 Choose the option Local – Site calibration

The table reports the couples of points to use for calculation of the local system. For every
couple it’s possible to decide if to use data for calculation of the plane transformation and
for the elevation transformation; basing on the available information the software will
choose automatically the method to use for plane coordinate calculation. For every couple
are also reported the deviations calculated regarding the coordinates and elevations.
3

4
New to add a new couple of points

Specify the geographic coordinates of the reference point of the system; if it’s still present a
point with desired coordinates it’s possible to recall it typing its name, selecting it from the
5 graphic or from the tables. It’s possible to acquire the current position hitting the button
Measure; it’s opened a window where it’s possible to specify the elevation of the antenna
and to acquire position.

6
Next

Specify the local coordinates corresponding to the reference point; if it’s still present a point
7 with desired coordinates it’s possible to recall it typing its name, selecting it from the graphic
or from the tables.

74 - GPS localization
 8 Continue adding further points

Verify deviations calculated for every point and the scale factor visualized in the lower part
of the window.

10

11 Procedure follows with request of the mode of calculation to use for elevations.

In the lower part of the window is visualized the method of calculation chosen by the software basing on
the number of localization points present. Clicking on the panel it’s possible to set the scale application
mode.

Calculation Description

No scale factor is applied; the original distances between measured

Rigid body (unscaled)
points are maintained.

A scale factor it’s calculated and applied to allow an adaptation of the

Conformal (scaled)
measured points to reference points.

Importing points

Inside menu Tools they are present commands for importation allowing to compile directly the
list of calibration points:

Command Description

Imports all calibration points which have defined both the cartographic
Import from reference
coordinates (north, east, elevation) both the geographic coordinates
points
(latitude, longitude, height).

Import FieldGenius RAW Imports the calibration system defined in a job created with software
file FieldGenius; it’s requested the RAW file of FieldGenius.

Cartographic system
Before setting use of the cartographic system it’s necessary to proceed with related setting. See
previous paragraph Cartographic system.

Warning. on XPAD for Windows Mobile the cartographic system is defined directly choosing option
Cartographic system.

Step Description

1 Choose option Cartographic system

Coordinate system - 75
 2
Next

They are re-proposed the parameters of current cartographic system. On XPAD for
3
Windows Mobile it’s possible to choose the cartographic system among the preset systems.

4
Next

5 Procedure follows with request of the mode of calculation to use for elevations.

Calculation of elevations
After defining the mode of calculation of the coordinates the procedure allows to set the mode to use
for elevations calculation.

Systems Description

WGS84 ellipsoid elevation The elevation on WGS84 ellipsoid is maintained

It’s assigned the elevation referred to the reference ellipsoid of

Reference ellipsoid elevation the cartographic system (only if a cartographic system has been
set)

It’s calculated the elevation basing on local system data (only if a

Local system elevation
local system has been set)

In the list are visualized the geoid models available that have been
Geoid installed with localization packages. The elevation is calculated
through interpolation on the selected geoid model.

Exporting current coordinate system as default system

Parameters and settings of a coordinate system can be exported as default system; all new jobs that will
be created they use directly the default coordinate system.

Save as default
TOOLS

Exporting current coordinate system

Parameters and settings of a coordinate system can be saved in an external file to be used in other jobs
relate to the same zone.

Save current system

TOOLS

Indicate the name to assign to the file and to the folder where to save.

Note. Files containing the definition of a coordinate system have PCS extension.

Loading a coordinate system

A coordinate system previously saved from another JOB can be loaded and used in the current job.

76 - GPS localization
 Load system
TOOLS

Select file of the coordinate system to load.

Report of current coordinate system

Settings of the current coordinates system can be exported in a report in ASCII, Excel (CSV or HTML) and
PDF format.

Report
TOOLS

TPS coefficients
TPS
TPS coefficients allow to define parameters for the reduction of the distances measured with the total
station to the sea level and at the cartographic plane.

Ground to grid scale

JOB Coordinate system
factor

Field Description

Application of the reduction of the distances at the sea level basing on the
To sea level
set average elevation

Average elevation Average elevation for calculation of the reduction of the distances

To cartographic plane Application of the reduction of the distances at the cartographic plane

Scale factor for reduction at the cartographic plane; the scale factor can be
Scale factor inserted manually or calculated basing on a coordinate; it’s necessary having
set a cartographic system.

Base position adjustment

This function allows to insert or calculate a correction factor of the base position so that the rover has
exact coordinates. It’s possible for example to start the base on an unknown position and then go with
the rover receiver on a point of known coordinates and measure it; the difference between known
position and position provided by the base represent the correction (in latitude, longitude and height)
that must be applied continuously to coordinates of the rover receiver.

Base position
LAVORO Coordinate system
adjustment

Coordinate system - 77
 Field Description

Δ latitude Correction in geographic coordinates to apply to coordinates received from

Δ longitude the base to have the correct coordinates (as if the base were located on a
Δ elevation known point).

Press button Measure to measure with Rover receiver a point of which they are known the coordinates
in the defined coordinates system; specify then the local coordinates corresponding to reference point;
if a point with desired coordinates is still present it’s possible to recall it typing its name, selecting it on
graphic or on tables.
The difference between the coordinates of the point provided by the base and the coordinates
calculated from the known point is right the difference which will be saved and applied automatic to
coordinates of the Rover receiver.

78 - Base position adjustment

CAD
The CAD of XPAD it’s a fundamental element of the entire solution allowing to use the software not
only for survey and stakeout but also as a true tool helping in every situation.

access to graphic CAD

The window present a tool bar in the lower part of the window from which you access to all the CAD
functions.

Closing CAD
Clicking on the graphic visualization space they appear the buttons for visualization and the button for
closing the CAD window.

Closes the CAD graphic window

Visualization commands
Clicking on the graphic visualization space they appear the buttons for visualization of the drawing.

Visualization commands

Zoom All Visualization of all the drawing elements

Zoom Allows to specify the visualization window through indication

Window of the opposite angles

Zoom In Bring near the point of view enlarging the visualization

Zoom Out Bring far the point of view reducing the visualization

CAD - 79
 Add-on tools as 3D visualization, Google map, augmented
Tools
reality

Visualizes the current position of the antenna on the drawing;

GPS
it’s necessary having set a coordinates system. The antenna
navigation
position is maintained inside the graphic window.

The shifting of the view is always active; click on graphic area

Pan
and drag the view.

After few seconds of non-use buttons disappear automatically.

GPS navigation mode

Locate me

Stop locate me

Visualizes current position on drawing; it’s necessary having set a coordinate system. For visualization of
the current position the software can use the connected receiver or the device internal GPS. Current
position is kept inside the graphic view.

3D View

3D view

Activates 3D visualization of the drawing.

Commands of visualization

Change view Click on graphic area and drag to change the point of view.

Views Allows to select one of the predefined views

Allows to change the mode of visualization of 3D faces; it’s

Mode
possible to visualize the 3D faces as lines or as filling

Use of the maps

X•PAD allows you to use different types of maps as a basis references for the survey and stakeout
activities so you can see all of your data overlapped to a map. You can choose between Google maps,
Bing, OpenStreet and many others. On the main maps you may overlap the WMS (Web Map Service)
maps, provided by government agencies or other offices, that represent additional elements typical of
the area and specifically interesting for your surveying activities.

80 - GPS navigation mode

Select maps to visualize

In tab ON-LINE MAPS it appears a list of preset maps; choose the desired map or choose NONE if you
want no main map but only WMS maps.
In tab ON-LINE WMS it’s visualized the list of WMS maps defined; it’s possible to make visible more than
one WMS map.

WMS Maps (Web Map Server)

In addition to the preset maps it’s possible to create connections to WMS maps.

ON-LINE WMS

Field Description

Name Name to assign to WMS map

Url Address of WMS map

Layer Select layer to visualize among the ones available in the server

Creating maps to use in off-line mode

Save off-line map

Before proceeding to save of an off-line map, make visible the reference map and eventually the WMS
maps.
Then set view in order to include the zone you are interested in, to save for off-line mode use.

Field Description

Map name Name to assign to off-line map

Zoom Min Minimum level zoom

Zoom Max Maximum level zoom

Basing on the limits of the zone and of the zoom it’s calculated the number
Tiles count
of tiles to be downloaded

When finished with download of all tiles the off-line map is available and can be used.

Warning. Number of tiles can be great and request much time to complete download and take much
space on the disk. It’s appropriate so not to exceed in the extension of the zone to save and to save
only the necessary levels of zoom.

CAD - 81
 Using off-line mode maps

Use off-line maps

Select among the off-line maps available the ones to visualize.

Saving the current view as image

Save screenshot

Current view is saved as image file.

Augmented reality

Camera (AR)

It’s activated the photo camera of the device and, basing on GPS position and on parameters of
inclination and direction of device, it’s visualized the drawing in overlap to pictures coming from
camera.

CAD setup
Functioning of CAD is ruled by a parameters and options fully customizable by the operator and editable
in every moment.

Settings

Survey
The page allows to set survey data to visualize in graphic window.

82 - Augmented reality
Points
The page allows to set information of topographic points to visualize in graphic window.

CAD

CAD – Filters

Activates the visualization of the drawing elements in the graphic

Main drawing
window.

External
Not used.
references

Activates the visualization of the linetypes in visualization of the

Use linetypes
drawing.

Line double
Activates the visualization of the drawing with double thickness of lines.
thickness

Mono color
Activates the visualization of drawing with a single color.
drawing

Mono color Color to use in visualization of the drawing with option Mono color
drawing drawing activated.

Activates the visualization of drawing in High Quality mode; the mode

High Quality High Quality improves significantly the quality with which lines and
Drawing graphic elements are represented ensuring a better visibility and
legibility.

External references

External references

For information about DXF files importing refer to chapter External references.

Importing DXF files

DXF In

For information on importation of DXF files refer to chapter Importing data.

Exporting DXF files

DXF Out

For information on importation of DXF files refer to chapter Exporting data.

CAD - 83
 Layer management

Layers

The window allows to manage the layers of the drawing.

Setting current layer

The current layer is marked by symbol. To set current layer it’s sufficient to select the

corresponding symbol .

Creating a new layer

Assign the name to layer to create and hit OK.

Making visible/invisible a layer

Visible layers are marked by symbol instead layers non visible are marked by symbol . To
change the visibility status of a layer click at symbol.

Keeping visible/invisible all layers

All on

All off

Changing color/linetype to a layer

To change color to a layer it’s sufficient to click at the panel of the color to access to the window with
settings of colors;
To change linetype to a layer click at name of the linetype to access to the window with settings of
linetypes.

Deleting layers

Delete unused layers

It’s possible to delete automatically all layers not used by any drawing element.

Object snap
When is active a drawing or editing command it’s possible to select the object snap; the object snap
allow to identify precise positions on drawing objects.

84 - Layer management
 Snap

Type Point identified

Extreme End point of objects as lines and arcs.

Medium Medium point of objects as lines and arcs.

Perpendicular Point on normal of a line, arch, circle object referring to reference point.

Intersection Intersection point between objects as lines and arcs.

Node Point of insertion of an object topographic point.

Center Center of an arc or circle.

Tangent Point of tangency of an arc or circle referring to reference point.

Note. If no object snap has been set it’s possible to draw freely indicating every position.

Working with object snap

At request of a point by a command of the CAD click on interested drawing object and near the point to
identify; it will be visualized a symbol in the identified position. The symbol represent the type of snap
used to identify the position.

Snap to topographic points

The identification of the coordinate of a topographic point can be obtained using the snap NODE or
typing, at request of the position of the point, the name of the same topographic point.

Drawing functions
Drawing commands allow to add new objects to drawing.

Draw

Object Description

Topographic point Indicate the name of the point and then the position of insertion

Lines and polylines Indicate points composing the object line or polyline

Arc Indicate the three points composing the arc

Indicate the center of the circle and specify the value of the radius or
Circle
indicate the point of passage

Circle by 3 points Indicate the three points composing the circle

Specify vertexes of the parcel. To close a parcel indicate again first vertex.
Parcel
The corners of the parcel must be topographic points.

Specify text to insert, dimensions and rotation angle then specify the
Text
insert position.

CAD - 85
 For a precision drawing use the object snap or answer with the name of the point to which to link the
vertex of the line.

Editing and creation of new points functions

Editing commands allow to modify the drawing and to create new objects starting from existing ones.

Edit

Deleting objects
Command Delete allows to delete selected objects: select objects tracing a selection window.

Distance intersection
Command Int.2 Dist calculates the position of a new topographic point located at a certain distance
from two reference points.

Request Description

First point Indicate first reference point

Indicate the distance where it is the point to calculate referring to first

First distance reference point; it’s possible to indicate a point that will be used to
calculate the value of the distance referring to first point

Second point Indicate second reference point

Indicate the distance where it is the point to calculate referring to

Second distance second reference point; it’s possible to indicate a point that will be
used to calculate the value of the distance referring to second point

They are proposed the two possible solutions; select the desired
Select solution
solution

Intersection
Command Int.4 Points calculates the position of a new topographic point that is on the intersection of
two straight lines.

Request Description

First point Indicate first point of first straight line

Second point Indicate second point of first straight line

Third point Indicate first point of second straight line

Fourth point Indicate second point of second straight line

Insert point Confirm to proceed to insertion point

Distance e offset
Command Dst. & Offset calculates position of a new topographic point referring to a reference object.

86 - Editing and creation of new points functions

 Request Description

Select reference object referring to which to calculate the position of

Select object
the point

Distance Distance along reference object

Offset Distance from reference object

They are proposed the two possible solutions; select the desired
Select solution
solution

Divide
Command Divide creates some topographic points along a reference object dividing it in a specific
number of parts.

Request Description

Select object Select reference object on which to create the topographic points

Number of parts Number of parts in which to divide the object

Name first point Name of first topographic point to create

Measure
Command Measure creates some topographic points along a reference object at constant distance.

Request Description

Select object Select reference object on which to create the topographic points

Distance of insertion among points; setting a value of 0, they will be

Segment length
inserted points only in correspondence to vertexes of the polyline.

Name first point Name of first topographic point to create

Offset
Command Offset allows to create a new object parallel to reference object at a defined distance.

Request Description

Select object Select reference object

Point or value Indicate point of passage or offset distance

They are proposed the two possible solutions; select the desired
Select solution
solution

Number of repetitions Number of consecutive offset to execute

Lengthen
Command Lengthen allows to extend a line, a polyline or an arc of a defined length. Besides an object
it’s possible to indicate two points establishing direction toward which creating the new point.

CAD - 87
 Request Description

Distance Distance with which to lengthen an object

Select object or 1° point Indicate object to lengthen or indicate the first point

Second point If a point has been indicated, it’s requested to indicate the second point

Explode
Command Explode allows to transform every selected polyline in the base element composing it; lines
and circles. The original polyline is deleted and substituted by its base elements.

Information commands
Information commands allow to obtain different information from drawing and from present objects.

Info

Coordinate of a point
Command Coordinate returns some information on indicated position.

Request Description

Indicate point Indicate position; they are visualized coordinates of indicated position.

Distance between two points

Command Distance returns some information on distance between two points.

Request Description

First point Indicate first point

Second point Indicate second point

The distance between two points is visualized and other information as

azimuth, slope, etc.

Distance point-object
Command Dist.Object returns some information on distance between a point and an object.

Request Description

Reference point Indicate reference point

Select object Indicate the object referring to which to calculate distance

It is visualized:
- distance of point referring to object
- the chainage at which it is the projection of the point
Button Save allows to create a point on projection of the point on the
object.

88 - Information commands
Angle
Command Angle returns the angle contained among three points.

Request Description

Center angle Indicate the center of the angle

First point Indicate first point

Second point Indicate second point

It’s visualized the angle included and the complementary angle

Area
Command Area returns the area of polygon identified by a sequence of points.

Request Description

First point Indicate first point of the sequence

Next point Indicate next point of the sequence

It’s visualized the area, perimeter and center of gravity of the polygon

List
Command List returns general information on selected object.

Request Description

Select object Indicate object

They are visualized also the object properties as layer, color, and line type; the properties can be edited.

Find topographic point

Command Find brings in the center of the graphic window a topographic point.

Request Description

Name point Name of topographic point to find

Longitudinal profile
Command Longitudinal profile visualizes the longitudinal profile of the selected polyline and returns
some information about polyline.

Request Description

Select polyline Select polyline

CAD - 89
 Toolbar contextual – Points
Selecting a topographic point, without any command active, it appears the following toolbar with
contextual commands for the selected point.

Command

Executes procedure of stakeout on selected point. For further information see

Stakeout
chapter Stakeout of points.

Edit Opens the window allowing to visualize and edit the data of the point

Allows to calculates the distance from selected point referring to another

Distance
point to indicate in graphic window

Allows to calculates the distance from selected point referring to a drawing

Distance Object
object to indicate in graphic window

Delete Delete selected point

To restore the main bar it’s sufficient to remove the selection to point clicking in every other part of the
graphic window.

Contextual toolbar – CAD objects

Selecting a drawing object, without any command active, it appears the following toolbar with
contextual commands for the selected point.

Command

Stakeout Executes procedure of stakeout on selected point

ID Returns information on selected object

Delete Delete selected point

Turns off all layers except the layer of selected object. To restore previous
Isolate
situation, select an object and use the command Restore.

To restore the main bar it’s sufficient to remove the selection to point clicking in every other part of the
graphic window.

90 - Toolbar contextual – Points

Instruments settings
Instruments settings allow to set the connection between device and the instruments but also to define
parameters of operation of the same.
All parameters of connection and operation are organized in profiles: a profile contains the connection
modes to instrument and all the related operation parameters; for the same instrument it’s possible to
create different profiles with different operation parameters and recall the desired one. Among all
profiles present only one is the current profile and it’s the one that will be used during the use of the
software.

Settings GPS & Total stations

Icon Description

Current profile

Rover GPS without RTK connection

Rover GPS with GPRS RTK connection

Rover GPS with Radio RTK connection

Base GPS

Total station

Creation of a new GPS profile

GPS

Settings GPS & Total stations GNSS Receiver (GPS)

NEW

Instruments settings - 91
 Parameters and options requested are different according to the model of receiver and to the modes of
operation. Parameters are organized in pages.

Profile page

Field Description

Profile name Name to assign to profile

GPS Rover: receiver operates as Rover

Mode
GPS Base: receiver operates as Base

Brand Brand of receiver

Model Model of receiver

Device page

Field Description

Bluetooth Name of the instrument to connect. If the instrument does not appear in
Device
the list hit and then to start research.

RTK page

Field Description

Type of device to use to send (base) and receive (rover) differential corrections.
Possible options are:

None: no RTK connection. Receiver operates in autonomous

Device Internal radio: use of internal radio of receiver
Internal GPRS: use of internal GPRS modem of receiver
External radio: use of an external radio to receiver
External GPRS: use of the GPRS modem of the device (controller) or the internet
connection of the controller

Enables and disables the Extra safe mode that’s able to guarantee the maximum
Extra-safe
precision in coordinates; only for Zenith35.

RTK – Radio page

Field Description

Model Model of the radio

Spacing Spacing parameter - only for Zenith10/20

High Power Radio with high power - only for Zenith10/20

Radio channel to use for transmission and receiving; base and rover must use the
same channel and the same frequency.
Channel
For Zenith10/20 it’s possible to select item Frequencies from the list and set the
frequencies to use for the different channels

Format Format of corrections; base and rover must use the same data format.

For Rover profile: sets the receiver to receive the corrections only from base
Use Base ID
identified by specified Base ID

92 - Creation of a new GPS profile

 For Base profile: sets the name of the base

Base ID Identification of the base

RTK – GPRS page

Field Description

Name of the phone provider providing GPRS service; select Providers item to
Provider define a new provider or to modify parameters of an existing provider. See
next paragraph for managing Internet providers.

Name of the permanent stations service (NTRIP) to connect to or name of

the profile of Direct call; select NTRIP servers item to define a new service or
Server
to modify parameters of an existing service. See next paragraph for
managing NTRIP server or Direct call profiles.

Name of mountpoint to use; it’s possible to type the name or to see the list.
Mountpoint
Only if a server NTRIP has been set.

Data format of corrections; it’s necessary to set the same data format sent
Format
by permanent station (source).

Type of network to use; only if a server NTRIP has been set and only for
Type of network
Zenith25 receiver.

Activating this option the software is able to process some of the messages
provided by RTCM3.1 protocol and particularly the ones referring to
transformation parameters of the coordinate system and to correction to
RTCM3.1 messages apply in coordinates calculation.
To use correctly this option it’s necessary that a correct cartographic system
to which corrections and transformation parameters have to be applied has
been set and used.

RTCM3.1 messages can be used in following modes:

 Horizontal & Vertical: correction and calculation both of coordinates
RTCM3.1 mode both of elevations
 Horizontal only: correction and calculation only of coordinates
 Vertical only: correction and calculation only of elevations

Allows sending information of identification of the user to server to obtain

Send GPUID to server
the authorization to use some service.

Parameters page

Field Description

Minimum elevation, in degrees referring to horizon, to consider satellites

Satellites Cut-off angle usable; allows to avoid using satellites too low on the horizon increasing so
precision.

Use GLONASS Enables the use of satellites in the GLONASS constellation.

Use BEIDOU Enables the use of satellites in the BeiDou (Compass) constellation.

Enables the use of geostationary satellites SBAS. This option is available only
if it has been set None as device RTK (page RTK). The receiver is able to
Use SBAS
receive correction directly from satellites SBAS and improve quality of the
position without any type of RTK connection (radio or GPRS).

Position update freq. Frequency with which the value of the position it’s updates. Especially for

Instruments settings - 93
 tracking operations we recommend a value of 5 times per second.

Antenna page

Field Description

Model Type of antenna of receiver

Elevation Default receiver antenna elevation

Managing of profiles of internet provider

Provider is the manager providing the service of data traffic GPRS. Defining a provider requested data
are the following:

Field Description

Name Description (name) of provider

APN Server Name of the access point for GRPS and UMTS nets. Example: web.omnitel.it

Set UserID to access the service (only if access is protected by UserID and
User ID
Password).

Set Password to access the service (only if access is protected by UserID and
Password
Password).

PIN PIN to use the SIM card.

Managing of profiles of servers of permanent stations (NTRIP)

A server NTRIP is a permanent stations service to connect through internet receiving differential
corrections in real time. Setting a server you need to enter following parameters:

Server

Name Description (name) of provider

Mode NTRIP

IP address IP address where the service answers

Port Number of the port used

UserID Identification of the registered user to service

Password Password assigned to registered user by the service

IP address, port, UserID and Password they are all data provided when you register yourself to the
service.

Managing profiles of direct call

A direct call profile allows to set the telephone number of the SIM card used by receiver Base to allow
rover receiving corrections from the base using the modem GPRS instead of radio:

94 - Creation of a new GPS profile

 Server

Name Description (name) of profile

Mode CSD (Direct call)

Base number Telephone number of the SIM used by the base

Protocol Transmission protocol; only for Zenith10/20

Speed Transmission speed; only for Zenith10/20

Connection Type of connection; only for Zenith10/20

Both base both rover must use the same profile Direct call.

Management of Point-To-Point (PPP) profiles

A Point-To-Point profile allows to set the IP address and the port number on which execute the
connection to receive corrections.
Server

Name Descriptive name of the profile

Mode PPP (Point to Point)

IP IP address

Port Port number used

UserID Identification of the user registered to the service

Password Password assigned to the user registered to the service

Management of Dynamic DNS (DDNS) profiles

With Dynamic DNS it’s possible to set a base and rover system in which the base is able to support up to
10 rover at the same time using GPRS network.

Server

Name Descriptive name of the profile

Mode DDNS (Dynamic DNS)

Insert address of the service provider; some service providers to use are:
 DynDNS.com (default)
 easydns.com
Service provider  no-ip.com
 two-dns.com
It’s necessary to subscribe service to one of these providers. HostName,
UserID and Password will be provided by the service manager.

Host name Host name assigned by the service provider

Port Port number used

UserID Identification of the user registered to the service

Password Password assigned to the user registered to the service

Instruments settings - 95
 Creation of a profile using the GPS of the device

Setup GPS & Total stations Receiver GNSS (GPS)

Step Description

1 Assign a name to profile

2 Mode: GPS Rover

3 Brand: NMEA

4 Model: GPS Hardware

6 Antenna elevation: set the default antenna elevation

Creation of a new Total station profile

TPS

Setup GPS & Total stations Total station (TPS)

Parameters and options requested are different according to model of total station and mode of
operation. Parameters are organized in pages.

Profile page

Field Description

Profile name Name to assign to profile

Mode Total station

Brand Brand of the station

Model Model of the station

Device page

Field Description

Bluetooth Name of the instrument to connect. If the instrument does not appear
Device
in the list hit and then to start research.

Frequency with which the value of the angles is updated. For some it’s possible to
Angles update
set maximum frequency (2 times per second) instead for other older models you
frequency
have to set None.

96 - Creation of a profile using the GPS of the device

Setup page

Field Description

 Store after Measure: the vertical angle of the measure is saved

 Store current value: current value of the vertical angle is saved. This
Vertical angle
option allows to change the vertical angle before saving the measure
both in survey phase both in stakeout phase.

When this option is active the motorized total station turns automatic
Turn to point
toward the stakeout point when selected.

Enables the automatic search of prism after it’s lost by the total station. The
automatic search modes of the lost prism are:
 None: no action is done
 360° search a 360° search of the prism is started
Search after lost
 Win + 360° a search by window in the zone where the prism was lost is
started and then a 360° search
 Return to last position: total station comes back in the last direction in
which prism was locked

Allows to set automatic collimation basing on the environment situation: low

ATR visibility
visibility or high reflectivity.

Passive recordings
In case of use of GeoMax Zoom20/30/35 total stations it’s possible to press REC key on keyboard of the
station in order to send the measure data directly to XPAD which will record directly the measured
point.

Editing a profile

Setup GPS & Total stations

Select profile to edit and then select Edit.

Deleting a profile

Setup GPS & Total stations

Select profile to delete and then select Delete.

Make current a profile

Setup GPS & Total stations

Select profile to make current and then select Current.

Instruments settings - 97
 Reconfigure instruments

Setup GPS & Total stations

Select profile corresponding to instrument to reconfigure and then select Configure. Instrument will be
reprogrammed basing on settings defined in the profile.

Creation of a new profile Laser Disto

Setup Laser Disto

It’s possible to create one or more profiles related to instruments as Laser Disto; the program can use
these profiles in measuring of points not accessible by the GPS receiver; the point to measure is
calculated by intersection of two distances from two known GPS positions. The measure of distance can
be performed with Disto and automatically transferred to software.

Profile page

Field Description

Profile name Name to assign to profile

Brand Brand of the laser Disto

Model Model of the laser Disto

Device page

Field Description

Bluetooth Name of the instrument to connect. If the instrument does not appear
Device
in the list hit and then to start research.

Parameters page

Field Description

Elevation from ground of the laser Disto. The elevation from ground is used for
Laser elevation
calculation of slopes between GPS position and point to measure.

Creating a new Echosounder profile

Bathymetry

Settings Echosounder

It’s possible to create one or more profiles related to instruments of echosounder type; echosounder
profile is used in bathymetric survey command available with bathymetry module.

98 - Reconfigure instruments
Profile page

Field Description

Profile name Name to assign to profile

Brand Echosounder brand

Model Echosounder model

Device page

Field Description

Bluetooth name of the device to connect. If device is not in the list press
Device
and then to start research.

Creating a new profile Cable detector

Locators

Settings Cable detector

It’s possible to create one or more profiles related to instruments of Cable detector type to allow
acquiring position with GPS and depth with Cable detector.

Profile page

Field Description

Profile name Name to assign to profile

Brand Cable detector brand

Model Cable detector model

Device page

Field Description

Bluetooth name of the device to connect. If device is not in the list press
Device
and then to start research.

Instruments settings - 99
GPS – GPS status

GPS
When is active a profile of instrument Rover GPS or Base GPS, it’s possible in every moment to access to
a window showing general status of GPS receiver and allowing to modify different parameters of
operation. The window visualizes all current parameters of receiver as position, quality of signal,
number and position of satellites, information on base and position on Google map.
It is possible to access to window GPS status in following manner:

Toolbar on main menu, when is active a

profile Rover GPS

Toolbar on main menu, when is active a

profile Base GPS

Click on panel in survey and stakeout

windows

Information are organized in pages.

Quality
The page reports all the information relative to quality with which the receiver is working.

GPS status - Quality

RTK Fixed (Safe mode): receiver is receiving corrections from a

source and it has fixed the ambiguity in Safe mode (maximum
precision and security); only for Zenith35 receiver.

RTK Fixed: receiver is receiving corrections from a source and

it has fixed the ambiguity (maximum precision)

Quick Fix: receiver has fixed the ambiguity but it hasn’t still
reached the maximum precision level; only for receiver
Zenith25.
Position
RTK Mobile: receiver is receiving corrections from a source but
it has not yet fixed ambiguity

DGPS: receiver is receiving differential corrections in DGPS

mode.

Autonomous: receiver is acquiring position in autonomous

way without receiving corrections from any source (minimum
precision)

2D precision Precision of current position regarding coordinates

100 - Quality
 Elevation precision Precision of current position regarding elevation

Enables Extra-safe mode (only for Zenith35 receiver) capable to

Extra safe mode
guarantee maximum precision in calculation of coordinates.

Satellites Number of satellites of the different constellations

HDOP Horizontal DOP

VDOP Vertical DOP

PDOP General DOP related to satellites position

Age corrections Delay in receiving corrections (seconds); a high value indicates missing of
corrections received

GSM signal Level of GSM signal

NTRIP Server Name of the used NTRIP server

Mountpoint Name of the mountpoint to which you have been accessed

Position
GPS status – Position

Geographic Coordinates Current Latitude, Longitude and elevation

Antenna elevation Elevation of the antenna

Plane Coordinates Corresponding plane coordinates; values are available only if a

coordinates system has been set

Skyplot
SkyPlot reporting position and elevation of tracked satellites. Clicking on a satellite it appears a window
showing all its information.

Satellites
The table reports the list of all tracked satellites with all related information.

GPS status – SV

Indicates satellites contributing to position calculation and ignored

satellites

Number of the satellite and constellation

Position Indicates position of satellite with cardinal points

Elevation Indicates the elevation of the satellite in the sky

Signal/Noise Signal/noise ratio

GPS – GPS status - 101

 Base
The table reports information related to the reference base.

Status GPS – Base

Base Name of the base

Place Place where is the base (only for connection to Leica ITALPOS network)

Latitude/Longitude/
Coordinates of the base
Elevation

Distance Distance between base and current position

Map
The page visualizes current position on Google Map.

Utility commands
From window GPS Status it’s possible to edit parameters of operation of the receiver.

Reset RTK correction

Reset RTK

Performs a reset of RTK corrections received previously forcing the receiver to re-initialize the
calculation of position.

Activate/Deactivate use of constellations

Satellites >

Allows to activate and deactivate the use by the receiver of constellations GLONASS, BEIDOU, SBAS.

Change cut-off angle

Satellites cut-off
angle

Allows to modify the minimum elevation to which satellites must be to be used in calculation of the
position.

Connect/Disconnect GPRS

Connect GPRS

Disconnect GPRS

102 - Base
Allows to stop or restart GPRS connection.

Change mountpoint

Change mountpoint

Command allows to modify mountpoint from which to receive corrections RTK through GPRS.

Pay attention. In choosing mountpoint compatibility with RTCM format set during receiver
configuration must be maintained. If in receiver configuration it has been set RTCM2 as data format of
corrections it’s not correct to choose a mountpoint transmitting correction in another format.

Reconfigure receiver

Reconfigure receiver

Command starts procedure of complete reconfiguration of the receiver according to current GPS profile.

Editing GPS profile

Receiver settings

Command opens the window allowing to review and edit settings of current GPS profile.

File Manager

Utilities File manager

Opens a window visualizing all files with raw data present in the receiver memory. Files can be deleted
or selected to be copied in the controller memory.

Stop raw data log

Utilities Stop raw data recording

Stops recording of raw data by receiver.

Change radio channel

Utilities Change radio channel

Allows to modify the number of the channel used by the receiver radio.

Start output NMEA

Utilities NMEA output

GPS – GPS status - 103

 Allows to set receiver to send on serial port, USB port or Bluetooth port the NMEA strings to be used by
other devices and by other external software as echosounders, georadar etc.
It’s possible to set the exit port, the NMEA strings to send and the exit frequency. Receiver is configured
as requested and XPAD stops connection with receiver leaving a free communication to software which
will have to process the NMEA strings.

GPS status panel

In all windows where you can perform GPS survey and stakeout operations it’s present a panel similar to
following:

Horizontal mode

Vertical mode

Clicking on panel you access to window GPS status.

GPS status panel

Current precision for coordinates (H) and for elevation (V).

The traffic light, or , indicates if the precision level set in the survey
parameters, has been reached; the epochs are acquired only when the level of
precision has been reached

RTK Fixed (Safe mode): receiver is receiving corrections

from a source and it has fixed the ambiguity in Safe
mode (maximum precision and security); only for
Zenith35 receiver.

RTK Fixed: receiver is receiving corrections from a

source and it has fixed the ambiguity (maximum
precision)

Quick Fix: receiver has fixed the ambiguity but it hasn’t

still reached the maximum precision level; only for
receiver Zenith25.

RTK Mobile: receiver is receiving corrections from a

source but it has not yet fixed ambiguity

104 - GPS status panel

 DGPS: receiver is receiving differential corrections in
DGPS mode.

The antenna, or , indicates if the receiver is receiving corrections.

Number of satellites, for constellations GPS, GLONASS, BEIDOU, SBAS, actually

tracked.

GPS – GPS status - 105

GPS - Starting a base

GPS
Starting a GPS base is a main operation and it’s the first thing to do when you work with a couple of
receivers; first receiver (base) will remain in a fixed position on the ground and send corrections via
radio to the second one (rover) which is free to move on the ground, according to radio range, and
acquire or stakeout positions.

Note. Receivers can function in Base-Rover mode both through the use of the radio both through the
use of modem GPRS. In this last case it’s necessary having two SIM cards (one for the base and one for
the rover) and setting a server in CSD mode (direct call) in the GPS profile of the base and of the Rover;
in CSD profile must be defined the number of the SIM present on the base.
1

Note. Commands allowing to start a base are available only when it has been set a GPS instrument
profile in BASE mode.

If current profile is related to a GPS receiver defined as a BASE the software presents only two menu:
Job menu allowing to manage current job data and Start base menu to make operative the BASE
receiver in the desired modes

Starting a base on a known position

Use this mode when the base is positioned on a known position of which you know geographic
coordinates; if you know only the plane coordinates it’s necessary to define the coordinate system that
allows to calculate the geographic coordinates starting from plane coordinates.

START BASE Known position

Field Description

Assign the name to base; the name of the base is visualized on the rover and the
Base ID rover can be set so that it can accept only corrections coming from the base with
a certain ID.

Code to assign to point that will be created in correspondence of position of the

Code
base.

Antenna Measures the antenna elevation from ARP (Antenna Reference Point) to the
elevation ground

Record data for Activate the option to start simultaneous recording of raw data by the base; raw
post-processing data recorded can be useful for a next post-processing elaboration.

Log frequency Frequency with which recording raw data

File for PP Name of file where to save raw data

Field Description

To assign coordinates to base it’s possible:

Reference point
- to select a point of the archive (from graphic or table); coordinates of the

106 - Starting a base on a known position

 point are visualized in corresponding fields
- to insert manually the geographic coordinates of position of the base
- to insert manually the plane coordinates of position
In every case, if the geographic coordinates are not available but you have only
the plane coordinates it’s necessary to define first a coordinate system so that can
be calculated the corresponding geographic coordinates.

Field Description

This option allows to create, simultaneously to programming the base, a local

Create local coordinate system on 1 point having just the base as reference point.
system on base If the option is activated it’s possible to specify the local coordinates
corresponding to position of the base.

Hit the button to perform the complete programming of the base and the start of
operating.
In this phase, the receiver acquires the current position and checks that there isn’t
Start base
a difference over 5 seconds between current position and position inserted.

When programming and starting the base is over it is proposed the list of available Rover GPS profiles;
select the rover profile with which you want to proceed with the job. The selected profile becomes
automatically the current instrument profile.

Starting a base on current position

Use this mode when the base is positioned in a place of which you don’t know coordinates; the base is
started with the position approximated by the receiver.

START BASE Current position

The meaning of the fields and the steps to execute are exactly the same of the previous paragraph;
when you have to specify the coordinates of the base hit button Measure here; the current position of
receiver is visualized in corresponding fields.

Starting a base with previous settings

Command allowing to repeat programming of the base using previous programming data. Guided
procedure shows coordinate that will be assigned to the base and then proceeds to configuration.

START BASE Previous setup

GPS - Starting a base - 107

Survey of points – GPS and TPS common functions

GPS TPS
This chapter explains some commands and functions that are present both in survey of points with GPS
both in survey with total station.

Electronic bubble
The software is able to use the sensors present inside the controller to visualize an electronic bubble
directly on the display; this way the operator can maintain the attention on the display instead of
looking always the bubble on the pole. Moreover the software is able to avoid the acquisition of epochs
when the pole is out of the bubble.
The assumption for the correct functioning of the system is to have a solid strut of the controller on the
pole so that controller and pole can move together and not independently of one another.

Activation of the electronic bubble

Settings GPS accuracy check

To activate the electronic bubble it’s necessary activating the option E-bubble check in the settings of
the Accuracy check of the total station and of GPS.

Select item E-Bubble (controller) in correspondence of the item Sensors mode. To disable quickly the
use of the electronic bubble, click on the bubble and select item No sensors.

Settings TPS survey

Calibration of the electronic bubble

When it’s selected a survey and stakeout command it’s visualized the window allowing to perform
calibration of the electronic bubble. The calibration is a necessary operation allowing to determinate the
position of the controller referring to the pole.

108 - Electronic bubble

To perform the calibration it’s necessary to use the physical bubble to maintain perfectly in bubble the
pole for some seconds. At the end of the calibration procedure the position of the electronic bubble that
is visualized in the survey and stakeout windows will correspond to the position of the physical bubble.
If the calibration procedure has been previously performed, and the controller doesn’t change position
referring to the pole, it’s possible to skip the procedure and pass to next window.

Survey codes assignment

It’s possible to assign survey codes to the point in different ways.

Manual insertion of code

Type code directly in the field Code.

Selection from table of the code

Hit on button to access to window allowing to select codes; in the page List you find the table
containing the survey codes: select the desired code from the list.

The input field located in the lower part allows to perform a research among codes; the button on the
left allows to specify as research has to be executed:

State Description

AUTO Research is performed both on code both on description

COD Research is performed only on code

DESC Research is performed only on description

Sort Alphabetic

Sort Last used

Codes can be listed basing on alphabetic order or basing on use; in this second case they are reported in
the first places of the table the most used codes.

Survey of points – GPS and TPS common functions - 109

 Quick codes

Hit on button to access to window allowing to select codes; in the page Q-Code1/Q-Code2/Q-
Code3 are visualized some buttons corresponding to some codes. Choose the code hitting the
corresponding button.
In the survey settings it’s possible to activate an option that starts automatically the measure after
selection of the quick code.

Customization of Quick codes

Step Description

1 to access to window allowing to select codes

2 Select one of the three pages with quick codes

3
activates the customization mode of quick codes

4 Hit on one of buttons and select code from the list

5 repeat the operation for all buttons you want to customize

6
end the quick code customization mode

GIS features
GIS
If a GIS feature has been associated to a code of the point, it appears a window visualizing the attributes
of the GIS feature that have to be filled in by the operator.
The window can be organized in pages, one for every GIS feature, because to the point it’s possible to
associate more than one code (composed codes).
For every page are visualized the attributes expected by the feature as input fields to fill in.

GIS Data

Loads values of the attributes saved in one of the points of the job; select the point
from which to load values of the attributes.

110 - GIS features

 From point

Loads values of the attributes saved in previous point.

From previous

Smart Drawing – Drawing during survey

SmartDrawing is a function allowing to generate drawing during measuring points; they are available
two functioning modes:

Mode Description

Allows creation of single lines between points and drawing of circle, rectangles
Single lines
and squared objects

Allows creation contemporarily of more lines, even with the same code, for
Multiple lines
complex survey situations

To access to SmartDrawing click on lower button of the left side panel in points survey window.

Single lines
The toolbar SmartDrawing appears hitting corresponding button in the survey window.

Tool Description

Point Simple saving of single points

Line Creates lines between points

Arc Creates arcs between points

Circle 3P Creation of a circle through measuring of 3 points

Creation of a circle through measuring of center and of one point on

Circle C+R
circumference

Square Creation of a square through measuring of two opposite angles

Creation of a square through measuring of the central point and of one middle
Square Center
point of a side

Creation of a rectangle through measuring of two points of the base and any
Rectangle Base
point on opposite side from the base

Creation of a rectangle through measuring of the center, of one middle point

Rectangle Center
of a side, and any point on opposite side

Break Break the drawing of the current line

Close Close the current line to the first point

When you select a tool, in SmartDrawing button is visualized the request related to the point to
measure. Example:

Survey of points – GPS and TPS common functions - 111

 When it’s selected a survey code, it’s automatically activated the tool corresponding to the type of
drawing set in the code.

Multiple lines
Multiple lines mode allows to generate lines between points basing on the code of the point and the
number of the line. Lines are distinguished in ACTIVE lines and NON ACTIVE lines: ACTIVE lines are the
lines actually used in survey and their drawing is not yet completed; NON ACTIVE lines instead are the
lines still measured and drawn and that are completed.
A line born as ACTIVE line, is integrated with points that form its development, and at the end becomes
a NON ACTIVE line; a NON ACTIVE line can again become an ACTIVE line in case you must complete its
drawing with new points.

Example of job with multiple lines

In a road survey, for example, there are two sides (left and right) and the axis of the road; in this case it’s
possible to create two lines with RS (road side) and a line with code CL (center line). The two lines RS,
having the same code are distinguished by the line number: first line will have number 1 and the second
number 2.
Moreover the codes RS and CL must have as drawing type the attribute Line.
Having to do the road survey, you will operate as follows:

Step Description

Button
Open the control window SmartDrawing
SmartDrawing

Open the lines management window

Add a new line

Select code RS corresponding to the road side; the code must be of Line type. The
line RS number 1 will be created.

Add a new line

Select code CL corresponding to the road axis; the code must be of Line type. The
line CL number 1 will be created.

Add a new line

Select code RS corresponding to the road side; the code must be of Line type. The
line RS number 2 will be created.

Select by the list the line from which to start: RS 1

112 - Smart Drawing – Drawing during survey

 Go back to survey window; the current code is now RS and is reported the line
number 1.

Measure the first point of the road side

Button Open the control window SmartDrawing: in this case you enter directly in the
SmartDrawing lines management window.

Select by the list the line of the road axis: CL 1

Go back to survey window; the current code is now CL and is reported the line
number 1.

Measure the first point of the road axis

Button Open the control window SmartDrawing: in this case you enter directly in the
SmartDrawing lines management window.

Select by the list the second line of the road side: RS 2

Go back to survey window; the current code is now RS and is reported the line
number 2.

Measure the first point of the second road side

Measure the second point of the second road side; the drawing of the line of the
second road side appears in the graphic window

Go on this way selecting by the line management window the line you must
measure

Adding a new line

Specify the code to assign to the line; the code must by of Line type. The line number will be the first
free number available considering the lines still present with the same code. Another way to create a
new line is to insert the code directly in the points survey window; if the inserted code is of line type, a
line with that code will be automatic created.

Select the line to use

Select from the list the line that will be used for the next measure. Coming back to the survey window
the code of the line is set as current code. Another way to select a line to use for the next measure is to
select it directly from the graphic window.

Duplicating a line

Survey of points – GPS and TPS common functions - 113

 Create a new line, empty, with the same code of the selected line; The line number will be the first free
number available considering the lines still present with the same code.

Ending a line (disabling)

When the drawing of a line is completed it’s not necessary to maintain it in the list of the ACTIVE lines;
it’s possible to end it and bring it in the list of the NON ACTIVE lines.

Deleting a line
To delete a line definitively it’s necessary to select it and choose item Delete from menu that appears.

Inverting a line
When a line has been selected, the new points measured are added always at the end of the lines. In
some cases can be necessary to add the points at the beginning of the line; in this case it’s necessary to
invert direction of the line before adding new points.
Select the line from the list and choose item Invert.

Closing a line
If the drawing of the line regards a closed element as a particle, the contour of a building etc. it’s
possible to close the line: the first vertex will be united by a line with the last vertex. The line is moved
automatic in the list of the NON ACTIVE lines. Select the line from the list and choose item Close.

Multiple codes
In some cases when you measure a point you need that this is the limit of more lines actually opened.

Multi codes

Select the lines in the list to which you want to add the point that will be measured; to all selected lines
will be added as new vertex the next measured point.

Automatic codification
The automatic codification system allows to make very quick the surveying phases where the elements
to measure occur regularly; it’s the case of the survey of a road where you have to survey the side
elements and the axis.
In these cases it’s possible to define the list the list of the lines to measure in the correct order and
activating the Zig-Zag mode or Same direction; when one of these modes is active it’s no more
necessary to select the line to draw but the system purposes automatic the line basing on the defined
order.
There are two types of order that can be executed:

Order Description

Survey must be executed from left to right and then from right to left and
Zig-Zag
then again from left to right.

Survey must be executed always from left to right or always from right to
Same direction
left.

114 - Smart Drawing – Drawing during survey

 Zig-Zag

Same direction

After having enabled the automatic code mode it’s proposed the code of the first line in the list; just
after the measure of the first point it’s proposed the code of the second line in the list and so on.
It’s possible to stop definitively the sequence, skip a code and pass to the next or to pause the system
because before proceeding it’s necessary to measure other single points not included in the sequence.

Average coordinates
A point can be measured more than one time and in different times. During the operations of
measuring, when it’s defined the name of a point still measured, it’s requested to specify as you want to
proceed:

Existing point

The previous point is deleted and it’s created a new point with the same
Overwrite point
name.

It’s saved a new measure for the point. If in the survey settings the option
Additional measure Average coordinates has been set, the coordinates of the point are re-
calculated considering all measures performed.

Next point It’s proposed the name of next point not yet saved.

Using the maps

To maps using modes refer to paragraph Using the maps in chapter dedicated to CAD.

Tools & utilities

In survey window they are available different tools and functions that can be very useful during
measuring operations.

Edit last point

Edit last point

Opens the dialog box allowing to edit the last point measured.

Delete last point

Delete last point

Opens the dialog box allowing to delete the last point measured.

Survey of points – GPS and TPS common functions - 115

 Share last point

Share last point

Opens the dialog box allowing to share the last point measured. Choose the sharing method and
complete the procedure; for the selected point they will be sent the information related to coordinates
(geographic and plane), the code, the description and the eventual photo/sketch associated.

Adding a note

Add note

During survey operation it’s possible to add in the fieldbook some measures, descriptive notes and
sketches that can be a valid reference at the moment of elaborating the measured data in the office.

Points & measures

Points & Measures

During the survey operations it can be useful to access to the table of the points or to the fieldbook of
measures to check data and eventually correct some wrong values of antenna elevation, code and
description.
For further information on window of the fieldbook of measures please refer to chapter Managing of
points and measures.

116 - Tools & utilities

XPole: one pole, two systems

XPole
XPole solution allow you to work simultaneously with TPS and GNSS using the best features of each
system as required and with maximum flexibility.
The TPS can be oriented directly thanks to the GNSS position that can be acquired simultaneously with
the measurement of the prism. It is not necessary prior to measuring points with GNSS and then
measure the same again with the TPS; the operation can be performed at the same time with greater
speed and accuracy.
A single click is what you need to change the measurement mode and switch from GNSS to TPS mode
and vice versa. From the operator's point of view, the change of system is hardly noticeable, since it only
changes its panel to the current instrumentation.
The GNSS system positioned above the prism allows you a direct rotation on the prism direction
speeding lock operations of the prism after loss. With GNSS initialized the TPS is rotated in the exact
position of the prism and the lock is immediate without any search; with a GNSS position not initialized
the TPS is rotated in the approximate position and started the search for the prism in the surrounding
area. In both cases the locking speed of the prism is greater than the traditional search.

Using XPole in the station setup

XPole system is particularly useful in station setup because it’s possible to use the position provided by
the GPS mounted on the pole. This way the station will be oriented and located in the same reference
system used by the GPS receiver.

Free station
Station setup with free station requests to measure points with known coordinates; with XPole the
points with known coordinates are provided by GPS.
While measuring points for calculation of the free station it’s requested to specify the point of known
coordinates: open menu and choose item Measure to proceed with measuring with GPS.

The point for the free station can be this way measured with GPS receiver; the point is measured and
added in the list of points and becomes the requested known point. Procedure goes on with measure of
the same point with total station completing this way the measuring procedure of the known point for
calculation of the free station.

Backsight point
Station setup with a backsight point requests a point with known coordinates; with XPole the point
position can be provided by the GPS.

XPole: one pole, two systems - 117

 Station setup procedure requests to specify the point of known coordinates: open menu and choose
item Measure to proceed measuring with GPS.

The backsight point can be then measured with GPS receiver; the point is measured and added in the list
of points and becomes the requested known point. Procedure goes on with measure of the same point
with total station completing this way the measuring procedure of the known point for calculation of
the station orientation.

Using XPole in site calibration

XPole system can be used to calculate the site calibration using positions measured with total station;
this way you can use GPS in the same reference system established with total station.
Site calibration requests to measure a point with GPS and that of the same point they are provided the
plane coordinates; coordinates can be the result of measuring made with total station.
When is requested to indicate the point of known coordinates it’s possible to open menu and choose
item Measure to proceed to measuring of the same with total station.

The point is measured with total station, added in the list of points and becomes the requested point to
proceed with GPS site calibration.

Using XPole during survey

XPole system is available in points survey windows. In the upper part of the window a button allows to
pass to the other survey mode: in the GPS survey window it’s possible to pass to total station survey and
vice-versa.

Icon Description

From GPS survey mode you pass to total station survey mode. The target height is
automatic adapted.

118 - Using XPole in site calibration

 From total station survey mode you pass to GPS survey mode. The pole height is
automatic adapted.

Pole height
XPole system requests installation of the GPS receiver over the prism; the height of the GPS receiver
then will be no more the one of the pole but must keep in consideration the distance between the
center of the prism and the reference point of the receiver.
When you start using XPole system the pole height of the receiver is automatic managed keeping in
consideration the offset between center of the prism and receiver.
When you modify the pole height it appears a window similar to the following allowing to specify
correctly the height avoiding errors.

Research of the prism from GPS position

When XPole system is functioning it’s enabled the automatic prism research using the position
provided by GPS receiver: when the prism is lost the software uses the position provide by GPS to turn
the station in the direction where is the prism helping this way the automatic locking. It’s possible to use
also the manual mode and to call the station toward prism (knowing the GPS receiver position).

XPole: one pole, two systems - 119

GPS - Survey of points

GPS
This chapter illustrates commands allowing measuring of points with GPS instruments; they are analyzed
different operative modes.

Note. Commands of measuring of points are available when it’s set a profile of GPS instruments in
ROVER mode.

Survey of points
The procedure allows to measure and record the position of points, even in conditions when the point
to measure isn’t measurable directly with receiver.

SURVEY Survey points

The window presents some panels on external sides reporting different information about receiver
status and allowing to manage the different available functions.

Panel Title Description

The panel reports the geographic coordinates (latitude, longitude,

elevation) of receiver; clicking on panel you pass to visualization of
1 Coordinate
plane coordinates (East/North/Elevation). Clicking you return
again to geographic coordinates.

Elevation of the antenna of the receiver. Clicking on panel it’s

2 Antenna elevation
possible to modify the elevation.

The panel reports the current status of the function Smart

Smart Drawing –
Drawing; clicking on panel it’s possible to choose the tool of
3 Drawing during
drawing or the operation to perform. See paragraph Smart
survey
Drawing.

The traffic light, or , indicates if the precision level set in

4 Accuracy the survey parameters, has been reached; the epochs are acquired
only when the level of precision has been reached (horizontal and
vertical precision, minimum number of satellites, maximum values

120 - Survey of points

 of DOP, electronic bubble).
Under the traffic light they are reported the current precision
values for coordinates (H) and for elevations (V).

RTK Fixed (Safe mode): receiver is receiving

corrections from a source and it has fixed the
ambiguity in Safe mode (maximum precision and
security); only for Zenith35 receiver.

RTK Fixed: receiver is receiving corrections from a

source and it has fixed the ambiguity (maximum
precision)

Quick Fix: receiver has fixed the ambiguity but it

hasn’t still reached the maximum precision level;
5 Receiver status
only for receiver Zenith25.

RTK Mobile: receiver is receiving corrections from a

source but it has not yet fixed ambiguity

DGPS: receiver is receiving differential corrections in

DGPS mode.

Autonomous: receiver is acquiring position in

autonomous way without receiving corrections from
any source (minimum precision)

Number of satellites, for the different constellations,

currently tracked.
GPS: constellation GPS
6 Satellites
GLS: constellation GLONASS
BDU: constellation BeiDou/Compass
SBAS: constellation SBAS

Graphic view with visualization of survey and drawing. Clicking two

7 Graphic area
times in graphic part you access to main CAD window.

Indication of current position; if the symbol is blue it means that

all parameters of operation satisfy the preset level of accuracy; the
8 Current position
red color indicates that accuracy parameters are not satisfied at
the moment.

Note. Clicking on panel that reports the information on GPS you access to window GPS Status.

The requested data for recording of point are the following:

Field

Point Name of next point to measure

Code Code to assign to next point to measure

In the lower part a toolbar allows to access to a menu of advanced functions and to commands for
measuring points.

GPS - Survey of points - 121

 Rapid measuring of points

Command

Measuring of current position and direct saving of the point.

Measure-Save

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop

The command starts the acquisition of position for the number of epochs set in survey parameters.
The epochs are acquired if the condition imposed by the Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the
software remains waiting until you stop it manually or until when conditions are satisfied.
When reaches the number of epochs defined, the point is saved. The name of next point is
automatically proposed.

Note. It’s possible to stop measuring when the imposed conditions are not satisfied, and to proceed
however with recording of point.

Note. For further information on Accuracy check see paragraph Accuracy check in this chapter.

Note. If to the code of the point has been associated a GIS feature it appears a window visualizing the
attributes of the GIS feature that have to be filled in by the operator.

Measuring of points

Command

Measuring of current position.

Measure

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop

The command starts the acquisition of position for the number of epochs set in survey parameters.
The epochs are acquired if the condition imposed by the Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the
software remains waiting until you stop it manually or until when conditions are satisfied.

Note. It’s possible to stop measuring when the imposed conditions are not satisfied, and to proceed
however with recording of point.

Note. For further information on Accuracy check see paragraph Accuracy check in this chapter.

When reaches the number of epochs defined, the command follows with request of confirmation of
following data:

122 - Survey of points

 Data page

Point Name of point to store

Antenna elevation Elevation of the antenna at the moment of the acquisition of the point

Code associated to the point. See paragraph Assignment of survey codes and
Code
Quick codes in chapter dedicated to Survey codes.

Description Extended description associated to the point

Sketch page

Deletes sketch and photo

Restores original content

Starts application allowing to shoot a photo and save it.

Results page

General information on point to record.

Note. If to the code of the point has been associated a GIS feature it appears a window visualizing the
attributes of the GIS feature that have to be filled in by the operator.

Accuracy check
Settings of the accuracy check allow to define control parameters to accept the epochs sent by the
receiver; only when all condition imposed are satisfied the single epoch is accepted and the measuring
of point proceeds.

Setup survey GPS Accuracy check

Field Description

Store only in Fixed Epochs recording is done only if receiver is in fixed position status.

Activates accuracy check; the GPS epoch is accepted if current precision

Accuracy check
satisfies conditions of precision preset.

H Maximum horizontal precision to make acceptable the GPS epoch

V Maximum vertical precision (in elevation) to make acceptable the GPS epoch

Activates check on DOP value; the GPS epoch is accepted only if DOP value is
DOP check
lower than preset value.

Maximum DOP Maximum DOP value to make acceptable the GPS epoch.

Activates the satellites number check; the GPS epoch is accepted only if the
Satellites check
number of satellites tracked is more than minimum preset value.

Minimum number of Minimum number of satellites to make acceptable the GPS epoch.

GPS - Survey of points - 123

 satellites

It’s possible to set the use of different types of sensors in surveying and
stakeout phases:
 None: no sensor
 E-bubble (controller): activates the use of electronic bubble of the
controller; the GPS epoch is accepted only if the electronic bubble is
inside the tolerance range
Sensors mode  E-bubble (GPS receiver): activates the use of electronic bubble of the
GPS receiver (if present); the GPS epoch is accepted only if the
electronic bubble is inside the tolerance range. Only for Zenith35 TAG.
 Tilted pole (GPS receiver): activates the use of tilt and compass sensors
of the GPS receiver (if present). Sensors allow to calculate the position of
the point even if the pole is not vertical; only for receiver Zenith35 TAG
and requests that calibration of internal compass has been made.

Maximum error (2m

Maximum error acceptable outside the bubble considering a 2 meters pole.
pole)

Activates the GPS localization zone check; if a coordinates system defined by

a localization on more than 2 points is set, the software verifies if the
receiver position is inside the localization zone; if current position is external
Localization zone
to localization zone an icon on coordinates panel is visualized in survey and
check
stakeout windows. The localization zone is drawn in the graphic window.

Measuring of points with GeoMax Zenith35 TAG

The receiver GPS GeoMax Zenith35 TAG is equipped with sensors allowing to acquire points with two
new modes not possible with traditional receivers:

Mode Description

Exploiting the internal inclinometer it can be visualized an electronic bubble

directly on the screen; this way the operator can keep the attention on the
display instead of constantly looking at the controller and the physical
E-Bubble
bubble placed on the pole. Moreover, the software is able to prevent the
acquisition of the epochs when the pole is located in outside the bubble
condition

Exploiting the internal inclinometer it's possible to perform a double

measure of the point with inclined pole (up to and beyond 30 °) and
determine the position of the point. This mode requires no system
Dual
calibration and is not sensitive to external factors.
To measure points with Dual mode refer to the following section Hidden
point with inclined pole.

Exploiting the internal inclinometer and the internal compass the system is
able to determine the three-dimensional position and direction of the pole
and to calculate the coordinates of the point on the ground even when the
pole is inclined (up to 15 °). The system requires the compass calibration and
may be subject to external factors such as magnetic fields generated by the
Single
elements present on the site to be surveyed.
For more information on the calibration mode and the operating procedures
to be followed in the field, see the documentation supplied with the
receiver.
To measure points with Single mode simply activate the Tilted pole (GPS

124 - Survey of points

 receiver) option: in the settings for the Accuracy Check explained in the
previous paragraph; before using this mode it's necessary that a calibration
of the internal compass has been executed.

Electronic bubble

Settings GPS Accuracy check

Select item E-Bubble (GPS receiver) in correspondence of the item Sensors mode. In the Survey and
Stakeout windows is visualized the bubble; during the phases of acquisition of the position, if the
inclination of the pole is higher than the set tolerance the position is not acquired.
Clicking on the electronic bubble it appears a menu allowing you to disable the use of the bubble,
enable the calibration or switch to Single mode.

Dual mode

Hidden Points Tilted pole

This measuring mode allows to measure points without having to keep the pole vertical; It requires two
inclined measuring to perform in two directions while keeping the tip of the pole on the point.

Step Description

Place the tip of the pole on the point to measure; tilt the pole to a position
First measure that allows the receiver to fix the position. Do not go beyond 30/40 °. Press
Measure to record the position.

Always keeping the tip of the pole on the point and the pole inclined rotate
around the point; on video it appears a circle that represents the first
Second measure measure and a second circle which represents the second measure; act so
that the two circles have an overlapping zone and two points of intersection.
Press Measure to record the position.

The intersections of the two circles are calculated. Bring back slightly the
pole in a vertical direction to allow the software automatically select the
Calculation intersection related to measured point. Press Store to accept the calculated
point. If necessary you can perform a third measure always with the previous
modes, going to improve the accuracy of the calculated data.

Single mode

Settings GPS Accuracy check

Select item Tilted pole (GPS receiver): In the Survey and Stakeout windows is visualized the bubble; if
the calibration is correct, the calculated position is always the position of the point on the ground at any
angle (up to 15 °).
Clicking on the electronic bubble appears a menu allowing you to disable the use of the bubble, switch
to use of the bubble or go to Dual mode.

GPS - Survey of points - 125

 Hidden points
The hidden points are positions in which the receiver GPS can’t acquire precise coordinates due to lack
or insufficient visibility of satellites. To acquire however position you are interested in they are used
some artifices integrating to GPS position measures of distances and slopes.
Distances and difference in elevation between reference points and the point to measure can be
acquired directly by laser Disto with Bluetooth system; after measuring distance hit button Bluetooth on
device and the measured value will be transferred automatically in the distance field of the window. If
you set the software to measure also the inclination angle they are transferred both distance and
difference in elevation values.
To use the laser Disto it’s necessary to create a corresponding profile in the instruments profiles.

Measuring of hidden points by intersection of two distances

Calculates position of a point basing on two distances by two reference points.

Hidden points Distance-Distance

A guided procedure allows to define the two reference points, the distances and choose the desired
solution. They are requested data related to first reference point.

First point (A)

Specify the name of first reference point; it’s possible to type the name
Reference point (A)
of the point ore select it from graphic window or from table.

If the reference point hasn’t been measured yet allows to proceed to

measure and to saving of point

Distance from A Allows to measure the reference point.

Elevation difference from A Elevation difference of point to measure from reference point.

Elevation from the ground of laser Disto; this way it’s possible to
Laser elevation
determinate the exact value of the slope from the reference point.

Hit Next to proceed with guided procedure.

Second point (B)

Specify the name of second reference point; it’s possible to type the
Reference point (B)
name of the point ore select it from graphic window or from table.

If the reference point hasn’t been measured yet allows to proceed to

measure and to saving of point

Distance from B Allows to measure the reference point.

Elevation difference from B Elevation difference of point to measure from reference point.

Elevation from the ground of laser Disto; this way it’s possible to
Laser elevation
determinate the exact value of the slope from the reference point.

Hit Next to proceed with guided procedure. The calculation is performed and they are visualized in a
graphic window the two reference points and the two possible solutions. Choose the desired solution

126 - Survey of points

clicking in correspondence of the semi-plane to which the solution RIGHT or LEFT belongs. The solution
that will be used is represented in red.

The calculation scheme and the measured point can be visualized also on Google map.

Note. At the moment to choose the solution we suggest to approach the receiver toward the point to
measure; the position of receiver is visualized on graphic window allowing to understand which of the
two solutions is the desired one.

Hit Next to proceed with guided procedure. They are request the data of the measured point by
intersection of two distances:

Data page

Point Name of point to record

Antenna elevation Elevation of the antenna at the moment of the acquisition of the point

Code associated to the point. See paragraph Assignment of survey codes and
Code
Quick codes in chapter dedicated to Survey codes.

Description Extended description associated to the point

Sketch page

Deletes sketch and photo

Restores original content

Starts application allowing to shoot a photo and save it.

Results page

General information on point to record.

At the end of recording it’s possible to decide if continuing to measure other hidden points or returning
to main measuring window.

Measuring of hidden points by alignment and offset

Calculates position of a point referring to an alignment defined by two reference points.

GPS - Survey of points - 127

 Hidden points Alignment-Offset

A guided procedure allows to define the two reference points, the distance and position referring to an
alignment and check the desired solution. They are requested data related to two reference points.

Reference points

Specify the name of first reference point; it’s possible to type the name
Reference point (A)
of the point ore select it from graphic window or from table.

Specify the name of second reference point; it’s possible to type the
Reference point (B)
name of the point ore select it from graphic window or from table.

If the reference points haven’t been measured yet allows to proceed to

measure and to saving of points

Hit Next to proceed with guided procedure.

Distance & Offset

Reference distance along the alignment can be referred to starting

Reference
point (A) or ending point (B).

Distance along the alignment, and referred to point A or B, of the

Distance from B
projection of the point to measure.

Distance of the point to measure in reference with defined alignment;

Offset position of the point referring to alignment (left or right) is decided
after in the graphic window.

Elevation difference of the point to measure referring to reference

Elevation difference
point A or B.

Elevation from the ground of laser Disto; this way it’s possible to
Laser elevation
determinate the exact value of the slope from the reference point.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure. It’s executed the calculation and are shown in the
graphic window the two reference points and the two possible solutions: to the right or to the left
referring to the alignment. Select desired solution clicking on the semi-plane containing solution LEFT or
solution RIGHT. Solution selected that will be used is represented in red color.

128 - Survey of points

 Note. At the moment to choose the solution we suggest to approach the receiver toward the point to
measure; the position of receiver is visualized on graphic window allowing to understand which of the
two solutions is the desired one.

Hit Next to proceed with guided procedure. They are request the data of the measured point by
alignment and offset:

Data page

Point Point

Antenna elevation Antenna elevation

Code Code

Description Description

Sketch page

Deletes sketch and photo

Restores original content

Starts application allowing to shoot a photo and save it.

Results page

General information on point to record.

At the end of recording it’s possible to decide if continuing to measure other hidden points or returning
to main measuring window.

Recording of raw data during survey

In cases where you don’t have your own base and it’s not possible the connection to a network of
permanent stations, it’s possible to exploit a feature present in most part of receivers allowing to record
all survey session data in a file of proprietary format or in standard format as RINEX. These data can be
used in post-processing elaborations in the office to obtain precise coordinates.

Start Log

Command starts recording of raw data on receiver; in this file created by the receiver will be present the
measured points with all the kinematic chain. The file of the receiver, at the end of the survey, must be
transferred for a post-processing with a dedicated software which will provide compensated
coordinates.
A window allowing to define some parameters necessary to perform the memorization of data of the
session by the receiver. Such requests can be different basing on receiver model.

Survey – Post-Processing

Log file Name of the file on which memorizing the raw data

GPS - Survey of points - 129

 Time of occupation Time of acquisition of single point

Log frequency Frequency with which recording data for post-processing.

Recording of raw data is stopped automatically when the survey of points procedure ends or it can be
interrupted in every moment.

Stop Log

View automatic update

This command allows you to enable and disable the automatic update of the view basing on the current
position of the receiver; when the option is active the graphic view is updated so that the receiver
position is always visible.

First Person View

The First Person View mode changes the visualization data mode by activating the 3D view and placing
on the center of the screen the current position; the view changes basing on the direction of the
controller.

Automatic survey of points

Automatic surveying allows to acquire automatically the positions of the points basing on elapsed
distance or elapsed time rules.

SURVEY Automatic survey of points

Before starting to acquire points it’s possible to set functioning parameters and rules.

Survey Auto

Mode to use for automatic survey of points:

- Time: position is acquire at preset intervals of time
- 2D distance: position is acquired at preset intervals of horizontal
distance
Mode
- 3D distance: position is acquired at preset intervals of 3D distance
- Stop & Go: position is acquired in stop & go mode; when the
antenna remains in still position the software begins to acquire
position.

130 - Automatic survey of points

 GPS – Auto survey – Time mode

Measure every (sec) Set the interval of time between every automatic acquisition of position

GPS – Auto survey – 2D Distance

Set the interval of horizontal distance that must be between position to

Measure every
acquire and previously acquired position.

GPS – Auto survey – 3D Distance

Set the interval of 3D distance that must be between position to acquire and
Measure every
previously acquired position.

GPS – Auto survey – Stop & Go

Stop time (sec) Defines the time spent on the point to allow the acquisition of the position.

Maximum movement allowed to consider the antenna still; when the

Max. movement software recognize that the antenna remains almost still with a movement
antenna less than maximum value, it begins acquisition of position for the preset stop
time.

Note. The window functions in the same way of the simple surveying window. For further information
please refer to previous chapter Survey of points.

Startup of the automatic measuring

Command

Starts automatic measuring of points. The point number is automatically

increased at every recorded point.
Start Auto

Allows stopping measuring.

Stop

Position is acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the software remains
waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied.
The command recognizes automatically when condition for recording is reached evaluating time elapsed
or the distance elapsed; when reaching condition of recording the point is recorded.

Static survey
This command allows to record static data of the position of the receiver for a further elaboration with
post-processing software allowing to determinate precise coordinates.

SURVEY Static Survey

GPS - Survey of points - 131

 When starting the command it appears a window allowing to define some parameters necessary to
execute recording of data of the session by the receiver.

Survey – Post-Processing

Prefix to assign to the log file that will contain data of the occupation. It’s
created a file for every point; the name of the file comes from the
composition of the prefix and of the name of the point.
Log file prefix The log files are recorded inside the receiver and have to be therefore
transferred in to the PC with the specific cable.
The files have to be then transformed in RINEX files using the specific
STH2RINEX application.

Log frequency Frequency with which to record data for post-processing.

Occupation time of the point; it’s possible to set a default time or to

Occ. time choose the Manual option. In this case the stop of the occupation of the
point has to be made by the user.

Hit Next to proceed and go to the window of static measuring of points. Functioning of the window is
the one explained in the two previous chapters, Survey points and Auto-survey points.

Starting occupation

Command

Starts static measuring of the position. Receiver begins data recording inside
the controller or in its internal memory.
Start occupation

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop occupation

If it has been defined the time of occupation it will be shown a counter of the time remaining to
completion of the procedure; otherwise it’s shown a counter of the time elapsed from the beginning of
the occupation.
At the end of the occupation or after a stop the command asks a confirmation of the data of the point.

Bathymetric survey
Bathymetry
Bathymetry is a module of X•PAD Survey software that enables bathymetric survey by using an
echosounder and a GPS receiver. The software is able to connect to the echosounder through Bluetooth
and receive in real time the depths; at the same time the accurate positions are given by the GPS
receiver placed just over the echosounder. It is possible to record automatically positions and depth by
defining a time interval, a distance or a depth interval; current depth and the longitudinal profile of the
bottom are displayed in real time through a specific panel.
To be sure to cover all the area without missing any detail, it is possible to define routes and have on the
screen all the necessary information to keep the right direction. A route can be a line or a polyline that
can be simply selected on the screen. Another way to define a route is enter an azimuth value as
reference direction to follow. Collected data can be exported in customizable ASCII format or AutoCAD
DXF drawing.

132 - Bathymetric survey

 SURVEY Bathymetric survey

The bathymetric survey acquires continuously the GPS position and depth according to rules of distance
or elapsed time. The GPS must be positioned in correspondence of the echosounder.

Bathymetric survey

Mode to use for the automatic survey of points:

- Time: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of time
Mode - 2D distance: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of horizontal
distance
- Depth: the position is acquired at fixed intervals of difference in depth

Bathymetric survey – Time mode

It defines the time interval between the positions of the automatic

Measure every (sec)
acquisition.

Bathymetric survey – 2D distance

It defines the horizontal distance interval that must elapse between the
Measure every
position to be acquired and the position acquired previously.

Bathymetric survey – Depth

It defines the depth interval that must elapse between the depth to be
Measure every
acquired and the depth acquired previously.

Start of the bathymetric survey

In the window they are visualized in real time the values of speed, direction and depth. It’s also
visualized the bottom contours during the survey.

GPS - Survey of points - 133

 Command

Sessions Assign the name to bathymetry session

Starts session of the bathymetric survey.

Start session

Allows to stop the session of the bathymetric survey.

Stop

Setting the fixed route

It’s possible to set a route direction (azimuth) you want to follow. During the survey a new panel
appears that allows to maintain the predetermined route.

Route mode Fixed direction

Route setting from drawing element

The route to follow can be represented by drawing elements (lines and polylines).

Route mode Select route from CAD

Select a line or a polyline from the graphic window. The selected item becomes the reference element
to follow; the panel with the indications of the route shows exactly the direction to be maintained in
order to remain in the selected route.

Visualizing the survey sessions

Bathymetric session

It’s visualized the list of bathymetry sessions executed; selecting a session it's possible to access
additional information or delete it.

Exporting the survey sessions

Data of the bathymetry sessions can be exported in ASCII format.

JOB Export & Share Text file (ASCII) Bathymetric session

134 - Bathymetric survey

Survey with locators (cable detectors)
Locators
The methodology of GPS survey with Locators is the same as the standard GPS survey. You must have
defined an active Locator profile that will be used to acquire the depth values.

SURVEY SURVEY POINTS

If the locators profile is active in the GPS survey window appears a bar similar to the following.

Press the LOG key of the locator to send the measured value of depth to the software on the controller;
The software captures the depth and stores a new point using the current GPS position.

GPS - Survey of points - 135

GPS - Stakeout

GPS
Stakeout procedures allow to provide to the operator the information in graphic, numeric and vocal
format, to reach a point, an element or in general a particular position. A wide range of options and
operative modes are available.
Before proceeding with stakeout it’s necessary to define with precision the coordinates system of the
job in order to guarantee the correct matching between surveyed positions and positions to stakeout.
If no coordinates system is set you can perform only stakeout of positions defined in WGS84
coordinates.

Note. Commands to measure points are available when a GPS instrument profile has been set in
ROVER mode.

Stakeout information
Information provided by the software during stakeout of a position are quite common and similar in all
modes; whether you are doing stakeout of a point, of an element or of a position by offset, the software
provides indications to reach position to stakeout using a common scheme.

The stakeout window presents some panels on external borders reporting different information
concerning receiver status and allowing to manage the different available functions.

Panel Title Description

The panel reports the geographic coordinates (latitude,

longitude, Elevation) of receiver; clicking on panel you pass to
1 Coordinates
visualization of plane coordinate (East/North/Elevation).
Clicking you return again to geographic coordinates.

The traffic light, or , indicates if the precision level set

in the survey parameters, has been reached; the epochs are
acquired only when the level of precision has been reached
2 Accuracy (horizontal and vertical precision, minimum number of
satellites, maximum values of DOP, electronic bubble).
Under the traffic light they are reported the current precision
values for coordinates (H) and for elevations (V).

136 - Stakeout information

 RTK Fixed (Safe mode): receiver is receiving
corrections from a source and it has fixed the
ambiguity in Safe mode (maximum precision and
security); only for Zenith35 receiver.

RTK Fixed: receiver is receiving corrections from

a source and it has fixed the ambiguity
(maximum precision)

Quick Fix: receiver has fixed the ambiguity but it

hasn’t still reached the maximum precision level;
3 Receiver status
only for receiver Zenith25.

RTK Mobile: receiver is receiving corrections

from a source but it has not yet fixed ambiguity

DGPS: receiver is receiving differential

corrections in DGPS mode.

Autonomous: receiver is acquiring position in

autonomous way without receiving corrections
from any source (minimum precision)

Number of satellites, for the different

constellations, currently tracked.
GPS: constellation GPS
4 Satellites
GLS: constellation GLONASS
BDU: constellation BeiDou/Compass
SBAS: constellation SBAS

Elevation of the antenna of receiver. Clicking on panel it’s

5 Elevation of the antenna
possible to change the elevation.

Graphic area and

Current position

Graphic visualization of the current position and of the

position to reach. If the symbol is blue it means that all
6 parameters of operation satisfy the preset level of accuracy;
red color indicates that precision parameters are not satisfied
at the moment.

Numeric indications to reach position. Indications are referred

to the North or to the Sun or to reference point.
First value is referred to distance Forward-Backward.
7
Second value is referred to distance Right-Left.
Third value specifies the elevation difference.

GPS - Stakeout - 137

 This panel shows a compass indicating, with respect to the
current direction, the direction of the position to reach. In the
lower part is reported the distance of the point
This view mode is when you are at more than a meter distance
from the position to reach.
8 The arrow of the compass is red when receiver hasn’t reached
yet the precision check preset.
In stakeout settings it’s possible to define the distance limit
stating when to use this type of visualization; the value of
default is set at one meter.

When distance from the position to reach is less than one

meter it appears this view mode. Indications provided and
8
position indicated are referred to position of the North or to
position of the Sun.

Background become green when you reach, inside tolerance

8
values, requested position.

Note. Clicking on panel reporting information on GPS you access to window of GPS Status.

Stakeout tolerance
Reaching of position happens when the distance between current position and the position to reach is
less or the same as Stakeout tolerance. Stakeout tolerance is set in the Stakeout parameters. From
every stakeout procedure it’s possible to enter in the stakeout parameters and to check tolerance value.

Information referring to North or to Sun or to a reference point

The information provided in the panel on the right are referred to the North, to the Sun or to a
reference point. To read properly the distance values it’s necessary therefore turning toward the North,

toward the Sun or toward the reference point . Buttons allow to change the reference
element.

Graphic and analytic view

To move from analytic to graphic view use buttons .

Vocal information
The software guides the user with vocal information allowing, most of all when you are far from the
point, to arrive near the point without having to look always on the controller.
A tone tells when is reached, inside preset tolerance limits, the desired position.

138 - Stakeout information

To enable and disable vocal information use buttons .

How to interpret information provided

After having defined the position to reach we suggest to follow the following two rules to reach position
in the most speedy and effective way.

1. When you are far from the point follow vocal indications even without looking always on the
controller display; it’s sufficient to listen what the software indicated about arriving directly near
the position to reach.

2. Once you are arrived near the position, at a distance less than one meter, turn with the controller
toward the North or toward the Sun, depending on the type of reference you chose. Move the
antenna following indications present on the right side panel. A tone tells you when you reach
position.

Common operations in Stakeout

All stakeout operations have common operations and functions that are reported below.

Measuring the point

After having reached the stakeout position it’s possible to record the point.

Command

Starts measuring of stakeout point.

Measure

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop

The command starts acquisition of the position for the number of epochs preset in surveying
parameters. Epochs are acquired if conditions set in Accuracy check are satisfied; otherwise the
software remains waiting until a manual stop or till when conditions are satisfied.

Note. For further information about Accuracy check see Accuracy check and Stakeout parameters in
this chapter.

When reached the preset number of epochs the command proceeds showing some stakeout data: Hit
Next to proceed and complete measuring with definition of data of the point to record.
Stakeout data are saved and it’s possible to read and export them from window Stakeout Report.
The next point to stakeout is automatically proposed by the software.

Stakeout parameters

Survey settings Stakeout

GPS - Stakeout - 139

 Field Description

Maximum horizontal distance between current position and position to

reach to consider being on stakeout position; if the distance between
Distance tolerance
current position and position to reach is lower or equal to tolerance, the
software reports the reaching of stakeout position.

Maximum acceptable difference between current elevation and stakeout

Elevation tolerance elevation; if the elevation difference is lower or equal to tolerance the
software reports the reaching of the position in elevation.

Vocal info Activates the vocal information during the stakeout operations.

Allows checking the stakeout position before proceeding to saving new point
Confirm before saving on position to stakeout. Disabling this option the stakeout point is saved
without any further request.

Defines reference referring to which the information to reach the stakeout

position with the GPS are provided. References can be:
- North: information are provided referring to the North; turn the
controller toward the North and follow indications.
GPS reference
- Sun: information are provided referring to the Sun; turn the controller
toward the Sun and follow indications.
- Point: information are provided referring to a reference point previously
defined; turn the controller toward the point and follow indications.

Distance determining the automatic change of visualization of the stakeout

information; if the distance of the receiver from the point to stakeout is
more than the defined value it appears the arrow indicating direction; if the
Arrow limit
distance of the receiver from the point to stakeout is lower than the defined
value it appears the stakeout sketch with the reference to North, to Sun or
to Point.

Hit End to save modifications.

Inserting a note

Add Note

During stakeout it’s possible to add in the field book some notes and sketches that can be helpful when
working on acquired data in the office.

Automatic updating of the view

This command allows you to enable and disable the automatic update of the view based on the current
position of the receiver; when the option is enabled the graphic view is updated so that the receiver
position is always visible.

First Person View

140 - Common operations in Stakeout

The First Person View mode changes the data visualization mode by activating the 3D view and placing
on the center of the screen the current position; the view changes depending on the direction of the
controller.

Stakeout of points
The stakeout of points procedure allows the operator to define, in different modes, the position to
reach and to be guided by the software on the position to reach in the fastest way possible.

STAKEOUT Points

Select mode

Point from CAD Select the point to stake directly from graphic window

Point from table Select the point to stake from list of points

List of points Allows to create a list of topographic points to stake.

Manual definition of coordinates East, North and Elevation to stake.

Coordinates
Coordinates can be selected from the CAD drawing.

Coordinates WGS84 Manual definition of the WGS84 coordinates to stake.

Stakeout of a list of points

It appears a window in which the button Tools allows to execute main operations.

Tools

Load all points Loads in the list all the topographic points present in the job.

Load all reference points Loads in the list all reference points present in the job

Select from table Allows to select from the table topographic points to add to the list.

Allows to select from the graphic window topographic points to add to

Select from CAD
the list.

Load list from file Allows to load the list from a file of points previously created.

Save list to file Saves the list of points on an external file to be loaded later.

Delete list of points Deletes content of the list.

Selecting a point from the list you can change its position inside the list or delete it from the list. The
icon aside every point identifies if the point has been still staked.

Icon

Point of the list that has been still staked.

GPS - Stakeout - 141

 Point of the list not yet staked.

Stakeout of coordinates ENZ

ENZ Coordinates

E/N/Z Coordinates of the position to stake.

Hit Select to define coordinates by selecting on the drawing of the

graphic window.

Stakeout of WGS84 coordinates

WGS84 Coordinates

Latitude, Longitude,
Geographic coordinates of the position to stake.
Elevation

Stakeout procedure
After having defined position to stake it appears the main stakeout window.

Stakeout of the next point

Next

It’s possible to choose the next point to stake in following modes:

Next point to stake

Next It is selected the next point, according to recording order, to current point.

Previous It is selected the previous point, according to recording order, to current point.

Nearest It is selected the nearest point, which hasn’t been yet staked, to current point.

From CAD Manual selection of the point to stake in the graphic window.

From Table Manual selection of the point to stake from the table.

142 - Stakeout of points

Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects
This procedure allows to position with precision along geometric elements as lines, arcs or drawing
elements.

STAKEOUT Objects

It’s possible to define the element to stake in different modes.

Reference

Allows to choose mode to define element to stake. Possible options are:

Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points.
Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points.
Type
Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographic points and by the radius.
Drawing object: drawing element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the
graphic window.

Stakeout of line by 2 points

Line by 2 points

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Stakeout of arc by 3 points

Arc by 3 points

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Stakeout of arc by 2 points and radius

Arc by 2 points and radius

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Stakeout of CAD element

It’s requested to select from the graphic window the drawing element to stake.

Offset
After defining the stakeout element it’s possible to specify an additional offset, to the right or to the left.

GPS - Stakeout - 143

 Offset

Offset Distance to observe referring to reference element

Stakeout procedure
After having defined the element to stake it appears the main stakeout window.

In the lower part is reported the station distance and the current distance referring to the element to
stake.

Information of stakeout

Current position is on the left referring to the reference element.

Current position is on the right referring to the reference element.

144 - Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects

 Current position is on the reference element.

Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset

This procedure allows to execute stakeout of a position calculated referring to a station distance and to
an offset distance on a reference element.

STAKEOUT Station & offset

It’s possible to define the reference element in different modes.

Type

Allows to choose mode to define element to stake. Possible options are:

Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points.
Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points.
Type
Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographic points and by the radius.
Drawing object: drawing element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the
graphic window.

Stakeout by offset referring to a line by 2 points

Line by 2 points

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 3 points

Arc by 3 points

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 2 points and radius

Arc by 2 points and radius

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

GPS - Stakeout - 145

 Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Stakeout by offset referring to a CAD element

It’s requested to select from the graphic window the reference drawing element.

Offset parameters

Parameters

Station Distance, on the reference element, at which is the position to reach.

Distance along the reference element that you want to maintain between the
Interval next stakeout points. The button on the right allows to calculate the interval
dividing the length of the reference element in a defined number of parts.

Distance referring to reference element; the button aside allows to define if

Offset
the desired position is on the right or on the left of the reference element.

Elevation difference to apply to the calculated point; the software interpolates

Elevation diff. the elevation on the reference element with the defined station distance. To
the interpolated elevation can be added a slope.

Hit Next to start with stakeout of the calculated position.

Stakeout procedure
After having defined the reference element and the offset parameters it appears the main stakeout
window.

In the lower part is reported the station distance and the offset of the position.

Stakeout of the next point by offset

Next

Comes back to page allowing to define the station distance and the offset on the stakeout element. It is
proposed a station distance increased of the interval value.

146 - Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset

Stakeout of sideslopes
This procedure allows to perform the calculation and the stakeout of the point of intersection of the
project sideslope with the existing terrain; the position is calculated basing on a slope of project and
compared to a chainage and to a distance (offset) of a reference element.

STAKEOUT Sideslopes

The requests that are performed are exactly the same seen in the previous paragraph and on the
stakeout by offset. To the previous requests it’s added a final tab allowing you to define the slopes of
the project in the cut and fill conditions:

Slopes

Slopes

Slope value in the cut condition (receiver elevation above the starting
Cut
elevation of the slope).

Slope value in the fill condition (receiver elevation under the starting elevation
Fill
of the slope).

Stakeout procedure
After defining the reference element, the offset parameters and slopes, it appears the main stakeout
window.

In addition to the visualization mode analyzed in previous paragraphs, this procedure provides a
graphical view of the cross section which shows the drawing of the project sideslope and current

position. To change the visualization mode use the buttons and .

The side panel contains the information to get the point of intersection; The last
information shows the current value of the slope and the direction to take, on the
perpendicular to the reference element, to achieve the project slope value.

GPS - Stakeout - 147

 Stakeout of surfaces
Volumes
This procedure allows to determinate on field the design elevation of a three-dimensional surfaces
loaded in current job; for every position the elevation of current position is compared with the elevation
interpolated on surface and is calculated the difference of elevation. The surfaces stakeout can be used
for:
 Stakeout on field of a planned surface
 Quality check to test the correspondence between the built and the plan.

STAKEOUT Surfaces

Select surface to stake among the ones loaded in the job.

The side panel visualizes in real time the difference of elevation between current position and the
elevation interpolated on the surface.

Stakeout report
All the stakeout data, both related to stakeout of points, both to stakeout of elements, are recorded in
the job. This command allows their reading and exporting in a file with CSV extension that can be
opened also with software as Microsoft Excel.

STAKEOUT Report

A table present the list of all the stakeout points with differences, in distances and elevations, between
the design coordinate and the stakeout coordinate.
Hit button Export to create a file, in CSV or XML format, with all stakeout data of every point.

148 - Stakeout of surfaces

GPS – AutoMeasuring

AutoMeasuring
GPS

AutoMeasuring module allows to check in real time, basing on defined parameters, movements of
slopes, dams, constructions, bridges and other structures.
The AutoMeasuring comes registering automatically the position of the receiver in a raw data file and
sending it then to an e-mail box or o an FTP server for eventual checks / elaborations.

AutoMeasuring
AUTO Auto
MEASURING Measuring

The start of AutoMeasuring procedure activates recording of raw data by the receiver; at time intervals
decided by the user the software blocks temporarily the recording to copy inside the controller the
current raw data file; the raw data file will be sent by e-mail or copied in an FTP area. Recording of raw
data will start again until next sending.

Command

Start
Starts the AutoMeasuring automatic procedure basing on defined parameters.
Measure

Stop
Stops the AutoMeasuring procedure.
Measure

Activity log
The procedure allows to visualize all the operations performed during the sessions of measuring in
chronological way.

AUTO
Activity log
MEASURING

The operations visualized are distinguished by type.

Type of messages

They are the different operations performed during measurement and

executed without problems.
Information

They identify eventual problems as for example the insufficient internal

memory of receiver.
Attention

They identify the errors that have come during measurement.

For example the raw data file is not downloaded correctly.

GPS – AutoMeasuring - 149

 Error

Commands

Updates the activity log.

Update

Shares the activity log in every moment, by e-mail, Bluetooth, etc.

Share

Settings
The Auto Measuring procedure is subjected to several parameters and options that are completely
customizable by the user.

AUTO
Settings
MEASURING

The Auto Measuring settings, are organized in pages.

GPS page

Post-Processing rate Frequency with which recording data for post-processing.

At every measuring session it’s possible deleting the Post-Processing files

older than:
Delete Post-Processing Mode to use for the automatic survey of points:
file  1 week
 2 weeks
 1 month

Frequency of sending of measuring sessions:

 Never: data are never sent
 Every hour
 Every 2 hours
Send data rate  Every 4 hours
 Every 6 hours
 Every 8 hours
 1 time per day
 2 times per day

Reference time for sending of measuring session.

Example:
Reference time: 8:00
Reference time
Send data rate: Every hour
The measuring sessions will start from 8:00 o’clock hourly (9:00, 10:00,
etc.).

SEND DATA page – Notification e-mail

Activates the possibility to send to an e-mail box the measuring

Notification e-mail
notifications.

150 - Settings
e-mail E-mail box for sending of measuring notifications.

Activates the possibility to attach to the notification e-mail, the Post-

Attach data
Processing file downloaded during the measuring session.

SEND DATA page – Server FTP1/FTP2

Use the FTP server Activates the possibility to post, in an FTP area, the Post-processing files.

Host Address of the FTP server.

UserID User of login to FTP server.

Password Password of login to FTP server.

Hitting the button Check connection, it’s possible to check if parameters of

Check connection
the FTP server are correct.

ACTVITY LOG page

Frequency of sending of the measuring activity log to a certain e-mail box.

Frequency of sending:
 Never: activity log is never sent
Send data rate  For each verification: at the end of every session it will be sent an e-
mail with the activity log.
 1 time per day: the activity log will be sent only one time per day at
12:00 o’clock.

e-mail E-mail box for sending of measuring activity logs.

SMTP page

Name of server SMTP for sending of e-mail.

Name
Example account Google SMTP server: smtp.gmail.com

UserID User of login to FTP server.

Password Password of login to FTP server.

GPS – AutoMeasuring - 151

TPS - Controlling the total station

TPS
In this chapter it’s explained how to modify main parameters of the total station as for example the type
of target, the mode of measure; for the robotic total station it’s explained how to perform the research
of prism, how to control the direction of the station.
Following functions are activated by all the windows of the commands of survey and stakeout with total
station.

Mechanic total station control panel

This panel allows to control the basic functions of mechanic total station.

Command

Standard measure mode.

Fast measure mode.

Tracking measure mode (continuous measure).

Activates visualization of the bubble.

Visualizes the activation status of remote control. Activate remote

control if you are using the controller on the pole. Deactivate remote
control if you are using the controller from total station.

Setting the environmental parameters (temperature, pressure, refraction /

sphericity)

The window allows you to set the values of temperature, pressure and refraction that must be
considered for the calculation of the distances measured.

152 - Mechanic total station control panel

Control panel of robotic total station
Robotic

This panel allows to have full control of all functions of the robotic total station.

Robotic page

Command

Status of locking of prism. Clicking on button it’s started the research

of prism.

Current measure mode. They are available three status:

Standard, Fast, Tracking (continuous measuring)

Automatic aiming of prism. Clicking on button you activate and

deactivate the automatic aiming of prism.

Starts the automatic research of prism toward left.

Starts the automatic research of prism inside a window defined. If the

window hasn’t been defined yet it’s possible proceeding to definition
of limits of the research zone.

Starts the automatic research of prism toward right.

Starts automatic prism search using the GPS position of the receiver
placed over the pole (XPole).

TPS - Controlling the total station - 153

 Activates the lights for the direction of stakeout.

Activates visualization of the bubble.

Visualizes the activation status of remote control. Activate remote

control if you are using the controller on the pole. Deactivate remote
control if you are using the controller from total station.

Rotation page

Command

Rotates the telescope horizontally

Rotates the total station on a specific value of horizontal angle.

Rotates the total station of a specified angular value.

Rotates the total station of 100 gon/90 degrees toward left.

Rotates the station toward a topographic point; it’s requested to select the
topographic point directly in the graphic window.

Rotates the station of 100 gon/90 degrees toward right.

154 - Control panel of robotic total station

 Rotates the station on opposite face.

Rotates the station toward a position; it’s requested to select the topographic point
directly in the graphic window.

Rotates the station of 200 gon/180 degrees.

Joystick page

Command

Starts rotation toward left. Clicking again you increase the speed.

Starts rotation toward right. Clicking again you increase the speed.

Starts rotation upward. Clicking again you increase the speed.

Starts rotation downward. Clicking again you increase the speed.

Stops rotation

Definition of research area

TPS - Controlling the total station - 155

 Parameters window

Search window Activate to allow the research of prism only inside the defined window

HA minimum Horizontal angle defining the left limit of research zone

HA maximum Horizontal angle defining the right limit of research zone

VA minimum Vertical angle defining the lower limit of research zone

VA maximum Vertical angle defining the upper limit of research zone

Distance limits

Distance range Activate to limit the research inside distance limits

Distance minimum Minimum distance of research

Distance maximum Maximum distance of research

Values of the search window can be inserted manually or it’s possible to register them using the total
station as pointing instrument.

Define window

It’s asked to aim the lower left angle of the search window and then the upper right angle.
It’s possible to maintain the same dimension of search window but to specify a new position.

New center

It’s asked to specify the new center of the window. It’s possible at the end to check which is the search
window of the station.

Show window

Setting the environmental parameters (temperature, pressure, refraction /

sphericity)

The window allows you to set the values of temperature, pressure and refraction that must be
considered for the calculation of the distances measured.

Setting the operating mode AiM360

156 - Control panel of robotic total station

Allows you to configure the automatic collimation according to the environmental situation: low
visibility, or high reflectivity.

Settings of type of target

This panel allows to edit the target to use for measures.

The three buttons in the upper part contain three prism types and it’s possible to customize buttons
specifying your three favorite prism types.

Command

3 upper buttons Selection of type of prism to use.

Activates the mode of measure without prism.

Activates the mode of measure Long Range with prism.

Activates the mode of measure Tape.

Visualizes the status of activation of laser pointer; clicking on panel you activate and
deactivate the pointer.

Opens the window that allows to set the constants to use both for measures with
prism both without prism.

TPS - Controlling the total station - 157

 Allows to edit the elevation of pole.

Favorite prisms

Through this function it’s possible to position in first three panels of the target selection window the
three prisms most used. Click on buttons until when it appears the desired type of prism.

Constants of targets
In this window it’s possible to check the constants of different types of prism and specify the constant to
use for the “user” type of prism.

Prism

Type Type of prism

Constant (mm) Constant of prism. The value is editable only for the type of prism “user”

Absolute constant of prism. The value can only be modified for the type
Constant absolute (mm)
of prism "User".

Moreover it’s possible to set a constant to use in case of measures without prism or on tape.

Offsets

Reflectorless (mm) Constant to use in measures without prism.

Tape (mm) Constant to use in measures on tape.

158 - Settings of type of target

TPS - Basic

TPS
If current profile is related to a total station, from main menu it’s possible in every moment to access to
a window that allows to perform some simple measures without saving data.

Access to window that allows to perform measures with la total station without
saving data.

Main commands
Command

Access to control panel of the robotic total station.

Robotic

Access to control panel of the mechanic total station.

Setup

Setting of horizontal angle of the station.

Set HA

Starting of measure. At the end of the measure the distances measured are
reported in corresponding fields.
Measure

In the upper part of the window a panel allows to access to other functions to control total station.

Command

Visualizes the current type of target; clicking on panel you access to

window that allows to change the type of target.

Visualizes the status of locking of prism. Clicking on panel it’s started

the research of prism.

Auto-collimation enabled

TPS - Basic - 159

 Visualizes the status of activation of laser pointer; clicking on panel you
activate and deactivate the pointer.

Visualizes the current mode of measure. They are available three

status:
Standard, Fast, Tracking (continuous measure)

160 - Main commands

TPS – Station setup

TPS
Making the orientation of the station is a main step perform operations of surveying, stakeout and Auto
Measuring with total station.

SURVEY Station setup

Using previous setup

If previously it has been set an orientation the current orientation is proposed; current orientation can
be accepted or it’s possible to define a new orientation.

Command

Defines un new orientation.

Hit Accept to confirm current orientation.

Using the orientation of another job

The software saves the orientation of current job so that you can continue using it when you open or
create a new job. When you open another job it’s proposed to continue using the same orientation of
the previous job.

Loading the orientation stored in the station

With some total stations can happen to perform part of the work of survey with the XPAD version
working on board of the instrument and part with the version working of the external controller. If the
station's orientation was performed with one of the two versions, the other version can continue to use
the same orientation because the data of the latter were stored inside the station itself.
But it's necessary to proceed loading the orientation data by specifying that you want to use a new
orientation, and then choosing the mode Load internal TPS orientation as explained below.

New orientation
It’s possible orientating station in one of the following modes:

Systems Description

The station has been placed on a point of known coordinates and the
Backsight to known point orientation is determined through the measure of a reference point of
known coordinates.

The station has been placed on a point of known coordinates and the
Backsight by Azimuth
orientation is determined through the measure of a reference point of

TPS – Station setup - 161

 known azimuth.

The position and the orientation of the station are determined by

Free station
measuring of at least two reference points with known coordinates.

Orientation to multi points The station has been placed on a point of known coordinates and the
orientation is determined through the measure of some reference
points of known coordinates.

No orientation is set; it’s possible to assign the coordinates of the

No orientation
station.

Some total stations can store the orientation made with other
software. With this function the internal orientation of the total station
is loaded and set as the current orientation. The orientation consists of
the coordinates of the station and the instrumental height; it is
Load internal TPS assumed that the correction angle is equal to 0.
orientation With this function it's possible to share the orientation between
different sessions of XPAD running on the external controller or
onboard.
(Only for total stations GeoMax Zoom80 and Zoom90)

Orientation to known point

This type of orientation requests to specify the position of the station and to specify the reference point;
the reference point must still be present in the table of the topographic points or of the reference
points.

Station

Station Name of the station; it’s possible to select a point still existing.

Instrument elevation Elevation of the total station from the ground.

Code Code to assign to the station point in case it’s created a new point.

Position

Coordinates of the station; if it was selected a point of the archive it’s not
ENZ
possible editing values.

Hit Next to proceed with procedure.

Point of orientation

Specify the reference point to measure to calculate the orientation of the

Point
station

It’s calculated the azimuth between the position of the station and the
Azimuth
reference point

Allows to define how to set the horizontal angle of the station:

 Current value: the angle of the station is not modified
Circle
 Zero: the angle of the station is reset on reference point
 Azimuth: the angle of the station is set on azimuth value

162 - New orientation

Hit Measure to proceed with measure of reference point. Aim the point of orientation and proceed with
the measure. It’s visualized a report with data calculated and with the differences of angle and distance.
Hit Accept orientation to confirm set data and complete procedure.

Orientation by Azimuth
This type of orientation requests to specify the position of the station and to specify the reference point
for which is not known the position but the azimuth.

Station

Station Name of the station; it’s possible to select a point still existing.

Instrument elevation Elevation of the total station from the ground.

Code Code to assign to the station point in case it’s created a new point.

Position

Coordinates of the station; if it was selected a point of the archive it’s not
ENZ
possible editing values.

Hit Next to proceed with procedure.

Point of orientation

It’s calculated the azimuth between the position of the station and the
Azimuth
reference point

Allows to define how to set the horizontal angle of the station:

 Current value: the angle of the station is not modified
Circle
 Zero: the angle of the station is reset on reference point
 Azimuth: the angle of the station is set on azimuth value

Hit Measure to proceed with measure of reference point. Aim the point of orientation and proceed with
the measure. It’s visualized a report with data calculated and with the differences of angle and distance.
Hit Accept orientation to confirm set data and complete procedure.

Free station
This type of orientation calculates the position of the station basing on measures to at least two points
for which is known the position.

Station

Station Name of the station; it’s necessary to specify a new point.

Instrument elevation Elevation of the total station from the ground.

Code Code to assign to the station point in case it’s created a new point.

Hit Next to proceed with procedure. The procedure asks to specify the first reference point and to
perform corresponding measuring; it’s possible to type the name of reference point or to select it from
table of points, from table of reference points or from graphic window. Aim the reference point selected
and hit Measure.

TPS – Station setup - 163

 If you have the XPole module and the pole in XPole configuration, it's possible to use the position
provided by the GPS receiver as a known position in which to perform then the measure with the total
station; in this case, when asked to indicate the point of known coordinates it is possible to choose item
Measure (with GPS), proceed to measure point with GPS and proceed to measure the same with the
total station.

It’s then asked to perform the same operation for the second reference point.
The two points measured are reported in a table with deviations calculated in correspondence of every
point and the total standard deviation standard on calculation of the position of the station.

Command

Activates and deactivates using of the measure for calculation of the

coordinates of the station.

Activates and deactivates using of the measure for calculation of the elevation
of the station

Allows to add the measure of other reference points to improve the quality of
calculation and for a better check of data.

Confirmation of data calculated. It’s visualized a report with calculated data.

Hit Accept orientation to confirm set data and complete procedure.

Orientation to multi points

This type of orientation of the station calculates the orientation, of known coordinates, on the basis of
measurements at a number of points of orientation for which the position is known.

Station

Station Station name; it's possible to select an existing point.

Instrument elevation Height of total station from the ground.

164 - New orientation

 Code Code to be assigned to the station point.

Click Next to continue the procedure. The procedure asks you to specify the first reference point and
perform the corresponding measure; it's possible to enter the reference name, or select it from the
points table, from the table of the reference points or from the graphic window. Aim at the reference
point selected and press Measure.

It’s then asked to perform the same operation for the second reference point.
The two measured points are reported in a table showing the differences calculated at each point and
the total standard deviation on the orientation calculation.
Command

Enables and disables the use of the measure for the orientation calculation of
the station.

Allows you to add the measure of other reference points to improve the
quality of the calculation and for more control of the data.

Confirmation of the calculated data. You receive a report with the calculated
data

Press Accept orientation to confirm the input and complete the process

No orientation
In this mode station is not oriented but only the position is established.

Station

Station Name of the station; it’s possible to select a point still existing.

Instrument elevation Elevation of the total station from the ground.

Code Code to assign to the station point in case it’s created a new point.

Position

Coordinates of the station; if it was selected a point of the archive it’s not
ENZ
possible editing values.

Hit Accept orientation to confirm set data and complete procedure.

Setting of elevation of the station from reference point

To determine the elevation of the station referring to a reference point with known elevation, it’s
necessary before to perform the orientation of the station according to one of the modes previously.
Opening again the window Setup station they are reported the calculated coordinates of the station; hit
the button From point.

Elevation from reference

Specify if reference value it’s a point present in the archive or if it’s an

Reference value
elevation.

TPS – Station setup - 165

 Select the point to use as reference for calculation of the elevation of the
Point
station

Elevation Specify the elevation of the reference point

Aim the reference point and hit Measure; the elevation of the station will be calculated basing on the
measure to reference point and on its elevation.

Reset the elevation of the station

To cancel the elevation of the station access to window Setup station reporting thee coordinates of the
station and hit button Reset Z.

166 - New orientation

TPS - Survey of points

TPS
This chapter illustrates commands allowing measuring points with the total station, mechanic and
robotic; they are analyzed the different operative modes.

SURVEY Survey points

The window presents some panels on external borders reporting different information on settings of the
station and allowing to manage the different functions available.

Panel Title Description

1 Angles The panel reports the current angles of the total station.

Visualizes the type of current target; clicking on panel it’s possible

2 Current target to edit the type of target. See paragraph Setting of the type of
target.

Elevation of the Visualizes the current elevation of the target; clicking on panel it’s
3
target possible to edit the elevation.

Smart Drawing – The panel reports the current status of the function Smart Drawing;
4 Drawing during clicking on panel it’s possible to choose the tool of drawing or the
survey operation to perform. See paragraph Smart Drawing.

Name and elevation of the current station; clicking on panel you

5 Current station access to the window that allows to change the orientation of the
station. See chapter Station setup.

Visualizes mode of measure. They are available the following

modes of measure:

Direct measure: measure directly to point.

6 Measuring mode

Point polygonal: specifies that the next point

measured is a point of polygonal. The points of
polygonal are saved to allow a rapid change of
station.

TPS - Survey of points - 167

 Offset HA: allows to perform a measure to an
object for which it’s not possible to position the
prism in the point to measure.

Offset VA: allows to perform a measure to a

point not accessible by the prism but finding over
or under it.

Offset Distance: allows to perform a measure to

a point not accessible by the prism but finding to
a certain distance referring to it along the
direction station-prism.

F1/F2: measures the point with the two faces and

performs the average of the measures.

Only HA: measure only the angles of the point.

Status of locking of the prism. Clicking on button

it’s opened the window of control of the robotic
Status of locking of total station.
7 the prism
(robotic station)
It indicates the status of automatic prism
collimation.

Setup station Clicking on panel it appears the window that allows to manage the
7
(mechanic station) parameters of functioning of the mechanic total station.

Visualizes the current mode of measure. They are available three

8 Mode of measure status:
Standard, Fast, Tracking (continuous measure)

Status of the Visualizes the status of the bubble; the symbol in red indicates that
9
bubble he instrument is out of bubble.

Graphic view with visualization of the survey and of the drawing.

10 Graphic area Clicking twice in the graphic part parte you access to the main CAD
window.

Current position of the station. The red line represents the direction
11 Station position of orientation, instead the blue line represents the current direction
of the total station.

The requested data for recording of the point are the following:

Field

Point Name of next point to measure

Code Code to assign to next point to measure

168 - New orientation

In the lower part a toolbar allows to access to a menu of advanced functions and to commands for
measuring points.

Rapid measuring of points

Command

Measuring of current position and direct saving of the point.

Measure-Save

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop

Note. If to the code of the point has been associated a GIS feature it appears a window visualizing the
attributes of the GIS feature that have to be filled in by the operator.

Measuring of points
Command

Measuring of target. Al completion of the measure it’s possible to decide if

proceeding to record the point; in this phase it’s possible to edit the angle
Measure measured aiming the point on which it wasn’t possible to position the prism.

Allows to stop measuring.

Stop

Saves the measure and proceeds with visualization of data of the point.

Page Data

Point Name of next point to store

Antenna elevation Elevation of the target

Code associated to the point. See paragraph Survey codes assignment and
Code
Quick codes in chapter dedicated to Survey codes.

Description Extended description associated to the point

Page Sketch

Deletes the sketch and the photo

Restores original content

Starts application allowing to shoot a photo and save it.

TPS - Survey of points - 169

 Results page

General information about point to register.

Note. If to the code of the point has been associated a GIS feature it appears a window visualizing the
attributes of the GIS feature that have to be filled in by the operator.

Measuring traverse points

Traverse point

With this option activated, the next point measured will be saved as a traverse point; It’s useful so
activating this option before measuring points that will be the next stations.
At the moment to perform the change of station it’s possible to click on panel that reports data of the
current station (name and elevation); before passing to the window of orientation of the station it’s
requested if you desire to occupy one of the traverse points measured previously. Select the traverse
point that you are occupying: the software passes directly to procedure of orientation of the station on
known point setting the traverse point as station and the previous station as point of orientation.

Note. After the traverse point has been measured, the option Traverse point is deactivated and so it’s
necessary to repeat the setting for the next point of polygonal.

Measuring of points by offset horizontal angle

Offset HA

This mode of measure allows to measure the position of an object when it’s not possible to position the
prism exactly where requested. The prism must be positioned at the side of the object to measure and
it’s then measured normally; afterwards It’s asked to aim the center of the object. It’s recorded a
measure having the angles of the center of the object and the distance measured on prism.

Measuring of points by offset vertical angle

Offset VA

This mode of measure allows to measure the position of an object that is on the vertical of position of
the prism but it’s not reachable by the prism itself. The prism must be positioned on the vertical of the
object to measure it’s then measured normally; afterwards It’s asked to aim the center of the object. It’s
recorded a measure having the vertical angle of the center of the object and the distance measured on
prism.

170 - Measuring traverse points

Measuring of points by offset in distance

Offset Distance

This mode allows to perform a measure to a point not reachable by the prism but finding itself to a
certain distance referring to it along the direction station-prism.
Position the prism in a visible and measurable position by the total station and then proceed with the
measure; before recording the measure they are requested three offset values:

Measure by offset

Forward/backward Distance along direction station – prism

Right/left Lateral offset referring to direction station – prism

Up/down Slope difference referring to position of the prism

Note. Directions Forward/backward, Right/left have to be considered opposite if you are working in
Remote mode (controller on the pole).

Measuring of points on face 1 and face 2

F1/F2

This mode of measure allows to measure the same point before with face 1 and then with face 2. The
measure recorded is the result of the average of the single measures. If the values of the two measures
are different of more than the preset tolerance, it’s visualized a message of warning.

Measuring of points only with angle

Only angle

This mode records a measure with only the values of the horizontal and vertical angle. Since it’s missing
the distance the coordinates of the point can’t be calculated and the point can’t be visualized.

Multi target pole

The multi target pole is a particular pole for measure in which there are two or multiple targets (prisms,
tape, ...) and is used to detect those complex situations where the point to measure is not visible and it's
not possible to keep the pole vertical. The measure of at least two targets allows to calculate the three-
dimensional position of the point.

Multi target

TPS - Survey of points - 171

 Press Measure button to access the window of pole measure with multiple targets.

Setting the pole parameters

Pole setup

Field Description

Lenght Total pole length

Num. target Number of targets present

Distance between target Distance between targets

Calculation tolerance Tolerance to use to accept the calculation

Measure of the targets

Select the number of the target to measure, aim and press Measure. Repeat for the second target With
two measures it appears a table with the results of the calculation and the errors of each measure.

Button Description

It adds the measure of a further target

Saves the measures and stores the point

172 - Multi target pole

TPS – Sets of angles
Sets of angles is a function that allows you to perform multiple measures in the direction and distance at
predefined points. The data of all the measurements are used to calculate the average values of
distance and direction, and to calculate new coordinates; it's possible to check the maximum measured
differences between the values of the measures and exclude some measures from the calculation.

SURVEY Sets of angles

Definition of the list of points to measure

The first request concerns the definition of the list of points to measure.

What do you want to do?

Select points Select the points by topographic points table

Measure the points to build the list; It is requested to indicate the name of
Measure points
the point and then to proceed to the measure.

Load a list of points from a previously saved file of the same work or even
Load points list
from other jobs. Select the file containing the list of points.

Management of the list of points

Specify the list of points to be measured.

Select a point from the points table

TOOLS Select points

Select points to measure by topographic points table.

Measure new points

TOOLS Measure new points

Measure the points to build the list; It is requested to indicate the name of the point and then to
proceed to the measure.

Clear list

TOOLS Manage list Clear list

All points of the list are deleted.

TPS – Sets of angles - 173

 Load points list

TOOLS Manage list Load points list

Load a list of points from a previously saved file of the same work or even from other jobs. Select the file
containing the list of points.

Sort by direction

TOOLS Manage list Sort by direction

The points of the list are ordered in a way to allow that the order of measures proceeds in one direction
in a continuous manner without turning back.

Change Order

STRUMENTI Manage list Change Order

Allows you to manually specify the order of points by moving them up or down .

Assign height and target type

For every point it's possible to specify the target height and the type. Select the point and press Edit.

Field Description

Point name Name of the point to measure

Target elevation Target height

Target type Target type. Press button to select the target type

Apply to all points Enable this option to assign the same settings to all points of the list

Measure settings
In this phase it's possible to specify some rules with which to perform the measures.
Field Description

Specify the sequence with which to perform measures:

 A’A’’ B’B’’: each point is measured first on face 1 and then on face 2;
then you pass to the next point
 A’B’ B’’A”: all points are measured first on face 1 and then you return to
Sequence
the contrary measuring points on face
 A’B’ A”B’’: all points are measured first on face 1 and then with the
same order are measured on face 2
 A’B’C’D’: all points are measured only on face 1

Measures Number of measuring sequences to be performed

In case of robotic station it’s possible to activate the auto-rotate option on

Auto turn
point to measure

174 - Measure settings

 Auto aim Enables the automatic collimation option of point

The next setting regards the values of tolerance to be considered during the measure phases.

Field Description

Horizontal angle Maximum acceptable difference on measures of horizontal angles

Vertical angle Maximum acceptable difference on measures of vertical angles

Distances Maximum acceptable difference on measures of distances

It’s possible to decide whether the procedure must be stopped:

 Never: procedure never stops
Pause
 Out of tolerance: procedure stops, visualizes data and asks
confirmation to continue in the case of out of tolerance

Points measuring

The procedure begins with the measure of the list of points following the defined parameters. If the
Auto turn and Auto aim options are activated the procedure is fully automated; otherwise the system
blocks to allow rotation on the point and collimation.

Results
At the end of the measuring procedure they are visualized the results of each point indicating the
maximum residues between calculated average values and measured values. For every point it's
possible to access the results relating to each sequence.

To generate the final report press button Report.

The procedure finishes with the possibility to:

 Save the list of points of a file to be used in the future to measure sessions
 Update the coordinates of points with the values calculated from the current session

TPS – Sets of angles - 175

TPS - STAKEOUT

TPS
Stakeout procedures allow to provide to the operator the information in graphic, numeric and vocal
format, to reach a point, an element or in general a particular position. A wide range of options and
operative modes are available.
Before proceeding with stakeout it’s necessary to define with precision the orientation of the station in
order to guarantee the correct matching between surveyed positions and positions to stakeout.

Stakeout information
Information provided by the software during stakeout of a position are quite common and similar in all
modes; whether you are doing stakeout of a point, of an element or of a position by offset, the software
provides indications to reach position to stakeout using a common scheme.

The stakeout window presents some panels on external borders reporting different information
concerning receiver status and allowing to manage the different available functions.

Panel Title Description

The panel reports the current horizontal angles of the total

1 Angles
station.

Visualizes the type of current target; clicking on panel it’s

2 Current target possible to edit the type of target. See paragraph Setting of
type of target.

Visualizes the current elevation of the target; clicking on panel

3 Elevation of target
it’s possible to edit the elevation.

4 Current station Name and elevation of current station.

Status of locking of the Status of locking of the prism. Clicking on button

5 prism it’s opened the control window of the robotic
(robotic station) total station.

Setting station Clicking on panel it appears the window that allows to manage
5
(mechanic station) parameters of functioning of the mechanic total station.

6 Mode of measure Visualizes the current mode of measure. They are available

176 - Stakeout information

 three status:
Standard, Fast, Tracking (continuous measure)

Visualizes the status of the bubble; the red symbol indicates

7 Status of the bubble
that the instrument is out of the bubble.

Graphic area

8 Graphic view with visualization of survey and of the drawing.

Current position of station. The blue line represents the

9 Station position
current direction of the total station.

This panel shows the current direction of the total station

referring to direction of the stakeout point. Rotate the station
toward the stakeout position.
10
In the lower part of the panel it’s reported the distance in
meters, and the difference of angle, between the current
direction and the stakeout point.

When it’s performed a measure the panel shows the position

of the target referring to the station and referring to the
10 stakeout position
In the lower part of the panel it’s reported the distance
between the target and the stakeout position.

When you are near the position to reach, inside tolerance

10
values, the circle becomes green.

Numeric indications to reach position. Indications are referred

to the station toward the target or to the target toward the
station.
11
First value is referred to distance Forward-Backward.
Second value is referred to distance Right-Left.
Third value specifies the elevation difference.

TPS - STAKEOUT - 177

 Note. If it is activated the mode Remote control, and so the controller is on the pole, previous data are
visualized in the opposite side, considering that the operator is looking at the station.

Stakeout tolerance
Reaching of position happens when the distance between current position and the position to reach is
less or the same as Stakeout Tolerance. Stakeout tolerance is set in the Stakeout parameters. From
every stakeout procedure it’s possible to enter in the stakeout parameters and to check tolerance value.

Information referring to Target, to total station, to North or to a reference point

The information provided in the panel on the right are referred to:

Position of the target: from position of the target look with the controller toward the
total station

Total station: from total station look toward the target

North: look with the controller toward north

Reference point: look with the controller toward the reference point

Click on button to change reference.

Graphic and analytic view

To move from analytic to graphic view use buttons .

Vocal information
The software guides the user with vocal information allowing, most of all when you are far from the
point, to arrive near the point without having to look always on the controller.
A tone tells when is reached, inside preset tolerance limits, the desired position.

To enable and disable vocal information use buttons .

Common operations in stakeout

All stakeout operations have common operations and functions that are reported below.

Measuring the point

Command

Starts measuring of stakeout point.

Measure

After having reached the stakeout position it’s possible to record the point.
Accept

178 - Common operations in stakeout

Command proceeds showing some stakeout data: Hit Next to proceed and complete recording.
Stakeout data are saved and it’s possible to read and export them from window Stakeout report.
The next point to stakeout is automatically proposed by the software.

Note. For further information on accuracy check see the paragraph Accuracy check and Stakeout
Parameters in this chapter.

Stakeout parameters

TPS survey Stakeout

Field Description

Maximum horizontal distance between current position and position to

reach to consider being on stakeout position; if the distance between
Distance tolerance
current position and position to reach is lower or equal to tolerance, the
software reports the reaching of stakeout position.

Maximum acceptable difference between current elevation and stakeout

Elevation tolerance elevation; if the elevation difference is lower or equal to tolerance the
software reports the reaching of the position in elevation.

Vocal info Activates the vocal information during the stakeout operations.

Allows checking the stakeout position before proceeding to saving new point
Confirm before saving on position to stakeout. Disabling this option the stakeout point is saved
without any further request.

Defines the reference referring to which the information to reach the

stakeout position with the total station are provided. The references can be:
- Target: the information is provided considering the operator on the
Reference TPS target looking toward the total station.
- Total station: the information is provided considering the operator on
the station.
- North: the information is provided referring to the North.

When this option is activated the motorized total station turns automatically
Turn toward point
toward the stakeout point just when this is selected.

Hit End to save the modifications.

Turn toward point

Turn toward point

This command starts the automatic rotation of the motorized station toward the direction where it is
the point to stake.

Insertion of a Note

Add Note

TPS - STAKEOUT - 179

 During stakeout it’s possible to add in the field book some notes and sketches that can be helpful when
working on acquired data in the office.

Stakeout of points
The Stakeout of points procedure allows the operator to define, in different modes, the position to
reach and to be guided by the software on the position to reach in the fastest way possible.

STAKEOUT Points

Select mode

Point from CAD Select the point to stake directly from graphic window

Point from table Select the point to stake from list of points

List of points Allows to create a list of topographic points to stake.

Manual definition of coordinates East, North and Elevation to stake.

Coordinates
Coordinates can be selected from the CAD drawing.

Stakeout of a list of points

It appears a window in which the button Tools allows to execute main operations.

Tools

Load all points Loads in the list all the topographic points present in the job.

Select from table Allows to select from the table topographic points to add to the list.

Allows to select from the graphic window topographic points to add to

Select from CAD
the list.

Load list from file Allows to load the list from a file of points previously created.

Save list to file Saves the list of points on an external file to be loaded later.

Delete list of points Deletes content of the list.

Load all points Loads in the list all the topographic points present in the job.

Selecting a point from the list you can change its position inside the list or delete it from the list. The
icon aside every point identifies if the point has been still staked.

Icon

Point of the list that has been still staked.

180 - Stakeout of points

 Point of the list not yet staked.

Stakeout of coordinates ENZ

Coordinates ENZ

E/N/Z Coordinates of the position to stake.

Hit Select to define coordinates by selecting on the drawing of the

graphic window.

Stakeout procedure
After having defined position to stake it appears the main stakeout window.

Stakeout of next point

Next

It’s possible to choose the next point to stake in following modes:

Next point to stake

Next It is selected the next point, according to recording order, to current point.

Previous It is selected the previous point, according to recording order, to current point.

Nearest It is selected the nearest point, which hasn’t been yet staked, to current point.

From CAD Manual selection of the point to stake in the graphic window.

From Table Manual selection of the point to stake from the table.

Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects
This procedure allows to position with precision along geometric elements as lines, arcs or drawing
elements.

STAKEOUT Objects

TPS - STAKEOUT - 181

 It’s possible to define the element to stake in different modes.

Reference

Allows to choose mode to define element to stake. Possible options are:

Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points.
Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points.
Type
Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographic points and by the radius.
Drawing object: drawing element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the
graphic window.

Stakeout of line by 2 points

Line by 2 points

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Stakeout of arc by 3 points

Arc by 3 points

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Stakeout of arc by 2 points and radius

Arc by 2 points and radius

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Stakeout of CAD element

It’s requested to select from the graphic window the drawing element to stake.

Offset
After defining the stakeout element it’s possible to specify an additional offset, to the right or to the left.

Offset

Offset Distance to observe referring to reference element

Stakeout procedure
After having defined the element to stake it appears the main stakeout window.

182 - Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects

In the lower part is reported the station distance and the current distance referring to the element to
stake.

Information of stakeout

Current position is on the left referring to the reference element.

Current position is on the right referring to the reference element.

Current position is on the reference element.

Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset

This procedure allows to execute stakeout of a position calculated referring to a station distance and to
an offset distance on a reference element.

STAKEOUT Station & offset

TPS - STAKEOUT - 183

 It’s possible to define the reference element in different modes.

Type

Allows to choose mode to define element to stake. Possible options are:

Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points.
Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points.
Type
Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographic points and by the radius.
Drawing object: drawing element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the
graphic window.

Stakeout by offset referring to a line by 2 points

Line by 2 points

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 3 points

Arc by 3 points

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Stakeout by offset referring to an arc by 2 points and radius

Arc by 2 points and radius

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Stakeout by offset referring to a CAD element

It’s requested to select from the graphic window the reference drawing element.

Offset parameters

Parameters

Station Distance, on the reference element, at which is the position to reach.

Distance along the reference element that you want to maintain between the
Interval next stakeout points. The button on the right allows to calculate the interval
dividing the length of the reference element in a defined number of parts.

Distance referring to reference element; the button aside allows to define if

Offset
the desired position is on the right or on the left of the reference element.

Elevation diff. Elevation difference to apply to the calculated point; the software interpolates

184 - Stakeout of lines/arcs/objects by offset

 the elevation on the reference element with the defined station distance. To
the interpolated elevation can be added a slope.

Hit Next to start with stakeout of the calculated position.

Stakeout procedure
After having defined the reference element and the offset parameters it appears the main stakeout
window.

In the lower part is reported the station distance and the offset of the position.

Stakeout of the next point by offset

Next

Comes back to page allowing to define the station distance and the offset on the stakeout element. It is
proposed a station distance increased of the interval value.

Sideslope stakeout
This procedure allows to perform the calculation and the stakeout of the point of intersection of the
design sideslope with the existing terrain; the position is calculated basing on a design slope and
compared to a chainage and to a distance (offset) on a reference element.

STAKEOUT Sideslope

The requests that are performed are exactly the same seen in the previous paragraph and regarding the
stakeout for offset. To previous settings it’s added a last card which allows you to define the design
slopes in the cut and fill condition.

Slopes

Slopes

Slope value in the cut condition (receiver elevation above the starting
Cut
elevation of the sideslope).

Fill Slope value in the fill condition (receiver elevation under the starting elevation

TPS - STAKEOUT - 185

 of the sideslope).

Stakeout procedure
After defining the reference element, the offset parameters and slopes, it appears the stakeout main
window.

In addition to the visualization modes analyzed above, this procedure provides a graphical view of the
cross section which shows the design of the project sideslopes and current position. To change the

visualization mode use the buttons and .

The side panel reports the information to get the point of intersection; The last
information shows the current value of the slope and the direction to take, on the
perpendicular to the reference element, to achieve the value of design slope.

Stakeout of surfaces
Volumes
This procedure allows to determinate on field the designed elevation of a three-dimensional surfaced
loaded in current job; for every position the elevation of current position is compared with the elevation
interpolated on surface and is calculated the difference of elevation. The surfaces stakeout can be used
for:

 Stakeout on field of a planned surface

 Quality check to test the correspondence between the built and the plan.

STAKEOUT Surfaces

Select surface to stake among the ones loaded in the job.

186 - Stakeout of surfaces

The side panel visualizes in real time the difference of elevation between current position and the
elevation interpolated on the surface.

Stakeout report
All the stakeout data, both related to stakeout of points, both to stakeout of elements, are recorded in
the job. This command allows their reading and exporting in a file with CSV extension that can be
opened also with software as Microsoft Excel.

STAKEOUT Report

A table present the list of all the stakeout points with differences, in distances and elevations, between
the design coordinate and the stakeout coordinate.
Hit button Export to create a file, in CSV or XML format, with all stakeout data of every point.

TPS - STAKEOUT - 187

TPS – Auto Measuring

AutoMeasuring
TPS

Auto Measuring module allows to check in real time, basing on defined parameters, movements of
slopes, dams, constructions, bridges and other structures.
The Auto Measuring comes measuring reference points from which it’s checked the position of the
station and calculated a scale factor for the correction of the distances measured after changing of
environmental factors (temperature, pressure). It follows after an automatic measure of points.
At the end of measuring session it’s automatically generated a report where, for every measured point,
it’s possible to visualize the deviations measured in different sessions and for every session it’s possible
to visualize deviations in different points.
The problems found during measuring session can be notified by e-mail or SMS.

Auto Measuring flow

To perform a correct Auto Measuring procedure (manual or automatic), follow these steps:
1. Define control points.
2. Set the station orientation basing on defined control points.
3. Measure points.
4. Start Auto Measuring procedure.

Control points
The control points, are points needed to re-calculate the position of the station to every Auto Measuring
session.

AUTO
Control points
MEASURING

Inserting a new check point

Points can be inserted manually or from direct measures.
AUTO
Control points
MEASURING

188 - Auto Measuring flow

Points can be enabled or not to Auto Measuring procedure. To activate or deactivate a point, it’s
sufficient clicking on icon indicating the point.

Control point not enabled to Auto Measuring.

Control point enabled to Auto Measuring.

Points to measure
Points to measure, are the points that will be measured and checked during the session.

AUTO
Points to measure
MEASURING

Insert a new point to measure

Inserting of the point comes through direct measuring of point and can be made after having set the
station orientation.

AUTO
Points to measure
MEASURING

Points can be enabled or not to Auto Measuring procedure. To activate or deactivate a point, it’s
sufficient clicking on icon indicating the point.

Point not enabled to Auto Measuring.

Point enabled to Auto Measuring.

TPS – Auto Measuring - 189

 Station orientation
This procedure allows to set manually the orientation of the station.

AUTO
Station setup
MEASURING

Setup of the station orientation comes through a guided procedure requesting following data:
1. Orientation modes.
2. Station Data.
3. Measuring of reference points.

Orientation mode
Orientation mode to indicate is Free station, where position and orientation of the station are
determined by measuring of at least two reference points with known coordinates.

Station Data
Defining of the orientation of the station, requests to indicate following data:

Station Name of the station.

Instr. elevation Elevation of the instrument.

Code Survey code.

Measuring reference points

In this phase, the guided procedure, asks to specify the first reference point and to perform the
corresponding measuring; it’s possible to type the name of the reference point or select it from table of
points, from table of checkpoints. Aim the selected reference point and hit Measure.
It’s then asked to perform the same operation for the second reference point.
Points measured are reported in a table with calculated deviations in correspondence of every point and
the total standard deviation on calculation of the station position.

Hit New point to add a measure of other reference points to improve the quality of calculation and for a
better check of data.
If deviations and standard deviations are acceptable Hit Accept orientation to complete procedure.

Note. During automatic measuring, the orientation of the station is automatically calculated basing on
inserted checkpoints.

190 - Station orientation

Automatic Measurement
AUTO
Automatic Measuring
MEASURING

At intervals of time defined by the user it’s activated the connection to the station and commanded the
measure of reference points from which it’s checked the position of the station and calculated a scale
factor for the correction of distances measured after changing of environmental factors (temperature,
pressure). It follows then the automatic measuring of the points; at the end of measuring session it’s
automatically generated a report that can be sent by e-mail or saved on an FTP area.
The problems found during the session (points not measured, movements over the tolerance, etc.) can
be notified by e-mail or SMS.

Command

Start Starts the Auto Measuring automatic procedure basing on defined

Measure parameters.

Stop
Stops the Auto Measuring procedure.
Measure

Single Measuring (manual)

AUTO
Single Measuring
MEASURING

Measure of points can be also controlled by the operator; the operations performed by the software are
exactly the same of automatic mode but starting of procedure it’s performed by the operator that
occasionally goes on site, positions the station and starts the measuring procedure.

Command

Starts the Auto Measuring session.

Measure

Stops the Auto Measuring procedure.

Stop

Note. During manual session, they aren’t sent notifications.

Report
This command, allows seeing results of measuring sessions. For every point it’s possible to visualize the
deviations measured in different sessions and for every session it’s possible to visualize the deviations in
different points.

TPS – Auto Measuring - 191

 AUTO
Report
MEASURING

Report Points
For every point they are indicated the deviations of different sessions and the different traffic lights
identify if deviations are inside the tolerance or not.

Report sessions
For every session they are indicated the measured points with deviations and the different traffic lights
identify if deviations are inside the tolerance or not.

Exporting and sharing Report

The Report can be exported and shared in every moment, by e-mail, Bluetooth, etc. in formats CSV, XML
compatible with MS-Excel and in format ASCII.

AUTO
Report
MEASURING

Activity log
The procedure allows to visualize all the operations performed during the sessions of measures in
chronological way.

AUTO
Activity log
MEASURING

192 - Activity log

The operations visualized in the log are distinguished by type.

Type di messaggi

They are the different operations performed during measurement and

executed without problems.
Information

They identify eventual problems as for example the calculation of the new
position of the station.
Attention

They identify the errors that have come during measurement.

For example it’s not possible connecting with the instrument.
Error

Commands

Updates the activity log.

Update

Shares the activity log in every moment, by e-mail, Bluetooth, etc.

Share

Settings
The Auto Measuring procedure is subjected to several parameters and options that are fully
customizable by the user.
AUTO
Setup
MEASURING

TPS – Auto Measuring - 193

 The Auto Measuring settings, are organized in pages.

TPS – Tolerance page

Maximum horizontal distance between current position and the position of

the point to measure; if the distance between the current position and the
Tolerance distance
position measured is more than the tolerance, the software notifies the
overrun.

Maximum acceptable difference between the current elevation and the

Tolerance elevation elevation of the point to measure; if the difference of elevation is more
than the tolerance, the software notifies the overrun.

TPS – Measures page

Face1 & Face2 Enables measuring of points, in face1 and face2.

Measures per point Number of measures to perform per point.

Frequency of starting of measuring sessions:

 Never: automatic measuring procedure is never executed
 Every 15 minutes
 Every 30 minutes
 Every hour
Frequency of measuring
 Every 2 hours
 Every 4 hours
 Every 8 hours
 1 time per day
 2 times per day

Reference time of starting of measuring session.

Example:
Reference time Reference time: 8:00
Frequency of sending data: Every hour
The measuring sessions will start from 8:00 o’clock hourly (9:00, 10:00, etc.)

SEND DATA page –report data format

It’s possible to set the formats of exportation of session results; the

Format software automatically generates and sends to destinations (e-mail, FTP)
the files of the reports.

194 - Settings
SEND DATA page – Notification e-mail

Activates the possibility to send to an e-mail box the measures

Notification e-mail
notifications.

e-mail E-mail box for sending of measures notifications.

Activates the possibility to attach to the notification e-mail, the Post-

Attach data
Processing file downloaded during the measuring session.

SEND DATA page – Server FTP1/FTP2

Use the FTP server Activates the possibility to post, in an FTP area, the Post-processing files.

Host Address of the FTP server.

UserID User of login to FTP server.

Password Password of login to FTP server.

Hitting the button Check connection, it’s possible to check if parameters of

Check connection
the FTP server are correct.

SEND DATA page –SMS notifications

Activates the possibility to send notifications by SMS to indicated telephone

Use SMS alarms
numbers.

Telephone number to which sending notifications of eventual problems

found during the sessions.
Number The numbers can be more than one, it’s sufficient separating them with
character “;”.
Example: 3331234567;3318901234

ACTVITY LOG page

Frequency of sending of the measuring activity log to a certain e-mail box.

Frequency of sending:
 Never: activity log is never sent
Send data rate  After each session: at the end of every session it will be sent an e-mail
with the activity log.
 1 time per day: the activity log will be sent only one time per day at
12:00 o’clock.

e-mail E-mail box for sending of measuring activity logs.

SMTP page

Name of server SMTP for sending of e-mail.

Name
Example account Google SMTP server: smtp.gmail.com

UserID User of login to FTP server.

Password Password of login to FTP server.

TPS – Auto Measuring - 195

PicPoint – Measuring on photo

PicPoint
PicPoint is an innovative way of measuring points that are not directly accessible from the GPS
equipment. The combination of GPS location, with the photos acquired by a calibrated camera
positioned on the pole allows you to measure directly in the field but also in the office later, adding new
points directly on the photo. Facades, unreachable points, edges, elements to be measured bounded by
fences, etc. are all situations where PicPoint is the practical solution, fast and precise.

To use PicPoint it's necessary to have the camera to be placed in the pole, and that will be controlled by
the software through Wi-Fi.

Acquiring photo and position

SURVEY Survey points PicPoint

Camera connection
At startup of the command the Wi-Fi connection with the camera starts. When the camera is connected
in the main screen it appears the camera live view. The side panel reports the status of the camera.
If the camera is not connected, it's possible to click on the panel to reconnect.

Field Description

Resolution Resolution with which to operate the camera

Enable this option to be able to see, in transparency, the photo captured in

Live view wizard the previous step; This system helps to properly acquire the second and third
photo.

If the camera is connected it's possible to click on the panel to visualize the operating parameters of the
camera.

Measuring procedure
The measuring procedure requires the acquisition of at least three photographs and corresponding
positions. The acquisition positions must form a triangle with the central vertex farther away from the
subject.

196 - Acquiring photo and position

 Step Description

Move to the first point of the object to be taken and frame the object to
First photo and
measure. Press Measure: the picture and the position is acquired. Press
position
Accept to accept the picture; press the Back key to repeat the acquisition.

Move to the second point of the object to be taken and frame the object to
Second photo and
measure. Press Measure: the picture and the position is acquired. Press
position
Accept to accept the picture; press the Back key to repeat the acquisition.

Move to the third point of the object to be taken and frame the object to
Third photo and
measure. Press Measure: the picture and the position is acquired. Press
position
Accept to accept the picture; press the Back key to repeat the acquisition.

It appears a window in which it's possible to check the captured photos before
you proceed to the main processing. Click Add Point to acquire a further
Photo verification photo and position to be used in the calculation. Press Calculate to start the
alignment procedure of the photos; The process may take a few tens of
seconds to complete

The alignment procedure provides results on the quality of the processed

result and that also influences then the subsequent measurements on the
pictures.
Results
Alignment it's not possible when the system is unable to find common
elements between the photos. It’s important that the subject of the survey is
visible the same way in the photos.

Measuring on photos
After completing the acquisition procedure and aligning it's possible to measure new points and
distances on the photos.

PicPoint – Measuring on photo - 197

 New points creation
Select the Point button, move the photo so that the point to measure is at the center of the target.
Press Measure to perform the measure of the point; if automatic point measure is not possible it's
required to indicate the same point on the next photo.

Distances measuring
Select button Distance.

Step Description

Select one of the measured topographic points or measure a new point on

First point
the photo.

Select one of the measured topographic points or measure a new point on

Second point
the photo.

Results Distance 2D, Distance 3D and elevation difference.

Visualization options

Field Description

It enables the visualization of topographic points of the job in the picture.

Show points
Thy are visualized only the points that are within the photo view cone.

Visualizes the key-points that were used for the alignment of the
Show align points photographs. The covered area of the key-point is the best one t to be
measured.

Change photo Allows you to choose another picture on which to perform the measures.

Measure options

Settings

Field Description

Selecting the measure mode:

• Auto: indicate the position of the point on one of the photos; the system
Measure mode automatically calculates the coordinates.
• Manual: Specify the location of the point to be measured on two
captured images

Automatically switches
If the Auto measure cannot be performed automatically switches to
to manual
Manual mode with an indication of the point on two photos.
measurement

In Auto mode it's possible to use all the photos to perform the calculation
Use all photos
and to have better control about the quality of the result.

Show topographic
Allows you to set the type of points to keep visible in the photos.
points

198 - Measuring on photos

 In measuring the point on the second photo (manual) it’s visualized
Epipolar line
epipolar line through the point indicated on the first photo.

PicPoint from the measures fieldbook

The measuring of new points on the photos can also be performed at any time after the time the
photograph was taken; each measure session with PicPoint is stored in the fieldbook and it appears
listed in the table.

JOB Points/Measure/Codes Measures page

Select the PicPoint session and choose item Measure with PicPoint. It appears again the window that
visualizes the captured photos and allows the measuring of new points.

PicPoint – Measuring on photo - 199

COGO
COGO commands allow, both to create new points according to different methods, both to have
information related to positions of the points as distances, angles etc., even referring to the current
position of the receiver.

Inverse
Inverse calculates the distance, and other information, between a reference element and a base point
or between a reference element and current position. The reference element can be another point, a
line, an arc or a drawing element.

COGO Inverse

Calculation method

Specify the reference element referring to which to execute calculation

of the distance and of the other information. The reference element
can be:
- Point: distance between a base point and a reference point or
between current position and the reference point.
- Line (2 points): distance between a base point, or the current
Reference object position, and a line passing by two points
- Arc (3 points): distance between a base point, or current position,
and an arc passing by three points
- Arc (2 points+R): distance between a base point, or current
position, and an arc passing by two points with known radius
- Drawing object: distance between a base point, or current
position, and a drawing element to select in the graphic window

Receiver antenna elevation; the field is shown if the option Current

Antenna elevation
position is enabled.

Inverse referring to a point

Calculation parameters

Reference point; it’s calculated the distance between the base point
Point 1 and the reference point or between current position and the reference
point.

Hit Next to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values calculated in real time basing
on the position of the receiver.

Inverse referring to a line by 2 points

Calculation parameters

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

200 - Inverse
Hit Next to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values calculated in real time basing
on the position of the receiver.

Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of the current
position, on the reference line.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the projection of the base
point, or of the current position, on the reference line.

Inverse referring to an arc by 3 points

Calculation parameters

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Hit Next to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values calculated in real time basing
on the position of the receiver.

Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of the current
position, on the reference arc.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the projection of the base
point, or of the current position, on the reference arc.

Inverse referring to an arc by 2 points and radius

Calculation parameters

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Hit Next to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values calculated in real time basing
on the position of the receiver.

Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of the current
position, on the reference arc.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the projection of the base
point, or of the current position, on the reference arc.

Inverse referring to a CAD element

It’s requested to select from the graphic window the reference drawing element referring to which to
calculate distance from the base point or from current position.
Hit Next to execute calculation; it’s shown the distance and other values calculated in real time basing
on the position of the receiver.

COGO - 201
 Activates creation of a point on the projection of the base point, or of the current
position, on the reference element.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position on the projection of the base
point, or of the current position, on the reference element.

Reference line
This procedure allows to obtain the information regarding the current position with reference to
geometric elements such as lines, arcs or design elements.

COGO Reference line

It’s possible to define the reference element in different ways.

Reference

Allows you to choose the modes with which to define the reference element.
The possible options are:
Line (2 points): line defined by two reference topographic points.
Reference Arc (3 points): arc defined by three reference topographic points.
Arc (2 points +R): arc defined by two topographical points and the radius.
Drawing object: design element (line, polyline, arc, circle) to select in the
graphic window.

Line by 2 points

Line by 2 points

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Arc by 3 points

Arc by 3 points

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Arc by 2 points and radius

Arc (2 points+R)

Point 1 Start point of the reference arc

Point 2 End point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Arc clockwise Direction of the reference arc

202 - Reference line

CAD element
It’s requested to select from the graphic window the drawing element to stakeout.

Offset
After defining the reference element it's possible to specify an additional offset to the right or to the
left.

Offset

Offset Distance to be maintained referring to the reference element

Reference line

Icon Stakeout information

Distance from the beginning of the reference element. Press

to visualize the distance from the end of the element.

Distance from the end of the reference element. Press

to visualize the distance from the end of the element.

The current position is on the left referring to the reference

element

The current position is on the right referring to the reference

element

The current position is on the reference element.

The elevation is on the reference elevation.

COGO - 203
 The current elevation is under the reference elevation.

The current elevation is above the reference elevation.

Elevation difference

Icon Description

The reference elevation is calculated on the reference element

The reference elevation is the elevation at the beginning of the

reference element

The reference elevation is the elevation at the end of the reference

element

Graphic and analytic visualization

To pass from graphic to analytic visualization use buttons .

Distance & Offset

Distance & offset calculates coordinates of a point along a reference element and at a certain distance
from it.

COGO Distance & Offset

Reference

Select the reference element among following options:

- Line (2 points): line passing by 2 points
- Arc (3 points): arc passing by 3 points
Reference
- Arc (2 points+R): arc passing by 2 points with known radius
- Drawing element: drawing element to select in the graphic
window

Distance & offset – Line (2 points)

Point 1 First point of the reference line

Point 2 Second point of the reference line

Distance & offset – Arc (3 points)

Point 1 First point of the reference arc

Point 2 Second point of the reference arc

204 - Distance & Offset

 Point 3 Third point of the reference arc

Distance & offset – Arc (2 points + R)

Point 1 Starting point of the reference arc

Point 2 Ending point of the reference arc

Radius Radius of the reference arc

Clockwise arc Direction of the reference arc

Distance & offset – Drawing element

Select from the graphic window the reference drawing element.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Parameters

Distance along Distance on which to position the point along the reference element

Lateral distance at which to position the point referring to the

Offset on right
reference element

Offset direction Position, right or left, of the point referring to reference element

Elevation diff. Elevation difference to apply to the interpolated elevation of the point

Hit Next to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the point and a
graphic preview of the position are shown.

Activates creation of the calculated point.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Intersection
Intersection calculates coordinates of a point on the intersection between straight lines and
circumferences definable in different ways.

COGO Intersection

Method

Select the method to use for intersection calculation:

- Double distance: the intersection position is calculated basing on
the two distances referring to two reference points
Method
- Distance and azimuth: the intersection position is calculated
basing on the distance from a reference point and along a straight
line passing by the second reference point

COGO - 205
 - Double azimuth: the intersection position is calculated on the
intersection of two straight lines passing by two reference points
- 4 points: the intersection position is calculated on the intersection
of two straight lines passing by four reference points

Intersection Double distance

The intersection position is calculated basing on the two distances referring to two reference points.

Intersection – First point

Point 1 First reference point

Distance 1 Distance from first reference point

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Intersection – Second point

Point 2 Second reference point

Distance 2 Distance from second reference point

Hit Next to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the two possible solutions are shown:
select on the graphic window the desired solution.

Activates creation of the calculated point.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Intersection Distance and azimuth

The intersection position is calculated basing on the distance from a reference point and along a straight
line passing by the second reference point.

Intersection – First point

Point 1 First reference point

Distance 1 Distance from first reference point

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Intersection – Second point

Point 2 Second reference point

Azimuth Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the point

206 - Intersection
Hit Next to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the two possible solutions are shown:
select on the graphic window the desired solution.

Activates creation of the calculated point.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Intersection double azimuth

Intersection – First point

Point 1 First reference point

Azimuth Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the point

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Intersection – Second point

Point 2 Second reference point

Azimuth Azimuth of the straight line passing by the point

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the point

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the point

Hit Next to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the calculated point
are shown.

Activates creation of the calculated point.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Intersection 4 points

Intersection – First point

Point 1 First reference point of the first straight line

Point 2 Second reference point of the first straight line

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the two points

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the two points

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

COGO - 207
 Intersection – Second point

Point 1 First reference point of the second straight line

Point 2 Second reference point of the second straight line

Offset Offset distance referring to the straight line passing by the two points

Offset direction, right or left, referring to the straight line passing by

Offset direction
the two points

Hit Next to proceed with calculation of the position of the point; the coordinates of the calculated point
are shown.

Activates creation of the calculated point.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

Area subdivision
The command is able to execute a subdivision of area on a surface defined by a polyline, by a parcel or
by a sequence of points. The subdivision line can be parallel or perpendicular to two reference points.

COGO Area subdivision

Element to divide

Contour of area Select the contour defining the area to subdivide.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Dividing line

Specify position of the division line referring to the reference points:

- Parallel to 2 points: the division line will be parallel to reference
Method points.
- Perpendicular to 2 points: the division line will be perpendicular to
reference points.

Reference points referring to which to calculate the position of the

Point 1 and Point 2
division line.

Select, in the graphic preview, the area referring to which to calculate

Select area to subdivide
the area to subdivide.

Hit Next to proceed with the guided procedure.

Subdivision – Area to divide

Mode with which to define value of the area to subdivide:

Type of area
- Value: value of the area to subdivide.

208 - Area subdivision

 - % Percentage: value in percentage of the area to subdivide.

Total area Area of the defined surface.

Area (value) Value of the area to subdivide.

Area (%) Value in percentage of the area to subdivide.

Hit Next to view the position of the crossing points: select on the graphic window the crossing point to
record or to use for stakeout.

Activates creation of the calculated point.

Activates stakeout procedure of the calculated position.

COGO - 209
Volumes and surfaces

Volumes
The Volumes module allows the calculation of material movement according to different modes and
considering a triangular three-dimensional surface built starting from points present in the archive or
imported from different formats.

Surfaces
The surface is the necessary element to proceed with the volumes calculation; it’s possible to create and
manage different surfaces inside the same job archive.
The surface can be calculated automatically by the software basing on the points present in the archive
and on the defined breaklines. The surface can be also created and modified manually allowing, this
way, to obtain a result the most similar to the real surface improving the calculation results.
The surfaces can be represented in different ways: only with lines, with shading, with color basing on
the elevation, with contour lines.

VOLUMES & SURFACES Surfaces

The table reports the list of all the surfaces present in the archive. For every surface are reported the
minimum and maximum elevation, the 2D surface and the 3D surface.

Creating a surface

NEW

Properties

Name Name to assign to the surface

Representation style of the surface; the available styles are:

- Wireframe: are drawn the segments of the triangles composing the
Style surface
- Shade: the faces of the triangles are colored basing on the direction of
light exposure

Color to use to represent the surface:

- Original: it’s used the color of the layer containing the triangles.
- By elevation: the faces are colored basing on the elevation of the center
Color
of gravity; the color scale starts from green, passes through yellow and
ends with red.
- Surface: it’s used a color that can be chosen in the field Surface color.

Color to use to represent the surface if the option Color from surface is
Surface color
chosen.

210 - Surfaces
 Points and lines

Manual triangulation Activate this option to build manually the triangles composing the surface.

In case of automatic building it’s necessary to specify the set of points to use.
Press the button on the right of the input field to access the list of points or to
a menu allowing to select points.
Options are the following:
- Load all points: all points present in the archive are used to calculate the
Points
surface.
- Select from table: it’s possible to select points from the points table.
- Select from CAD: allows to select points from the graphic window. The
table reports the list of points to use. To delete a point select the
corresponding line and press Delete.

To check the shape of the surface it’s possible to specify some breaklines; the
breaklines have to be previously inserted, as polylines, in the graphic window.
Breaklines Press the button on the right of the input field to access to a menu allowing to:
- Select from CAD: select breaklines from the graphic window
- Clear all: delete the previously selected breaklines.

To border the surface it’s possible to specify some contour lines; the contour
lines must have been previously inserted, as polylines, in the graphic window.
Contours Hit button in the right of the input field to access to a menu that allows to:
- Select from CAD: select the contour lines from graphic window
- Delete all: delete the previously selected contour lines.

Hit Calculate to proceed to calculation of the surface. At the end of calculation

the surface is visualized inside a specific graphic viewer.
If it has been activated the option Manual Triang. no calculation is performed
CALCULATE but it is activated the graphic viewer that reports the points present in the
archive; use the commands of the viewer to build and modify the surface.

Surfaces editing
To edit the shape of the triangles composing a surface select the corresponding line in the list of
surfaces and press the View button. The commands of the graphic viewer allow to edit the surface.

Command

Allows to edit parameters of the visualization of the surface.

Setup

Allows to build a new triangle; it’s requested to indicate the three points
composing the triangle.
New

Exchange the direction of the faces of two triangles having a common side.
Swap

Allows to select triangles to delete.

Delete

Volumes and surfaces - 211

 Visualization of surface on Google Map

To visualize the surface on Google Map it’s necessary to define a coordinate system allowing the
transformation of the coordinates in the system WGS84 used by Google Map.

Visualization of surface in 3D

Command

Allows to modify parameters of visualization of the surface.

Setup

Allows to select one of the preset views.

Views

Surface visualization parameters

To edit the visualization parameters of a surface select the corresponding line in the list of the surfaces
and press the Properties button.

Properties

Name Name of the surface

Representation style of the surface; the available styles are:

- Wireframe: are drawn the segments of the triangles composing the
Style surface
- Shade: the faces of the triangles are colored basing on the direction of
light exposure

Color to use to represent the surface:

- Original: it’s used the color of the layer containing the triangles.
- By elevation: the faces are colored basing on the elevation of the center
Color
of gravity; the color scale starts from green, passes through yellow and
ends with red.
- Surface: it’s used a color that can be chosen in the field Surface color.

Color to use to represent the surface if the option Color from surface is
Surface color
chosen.

Contour lines

Contour lines Activates the visualization of the contour lines of the surface.

Contour step Contour step to use to draw the contour lines.

Contour color Color to use to draw the contour lines.

212 - Surfaces
Deleting a surface
To delete a surface select the corresponding line in the list of the surfaces and press the Delete button.

Performing the stakeout of a surface

From window listing surfaces it’s possible to pass directly to procedure of stakeout; the procedure of
stakeout of surfaces allows to determinate, in every position, the difference of elevation between the
existing ground and the surface planned.
To pass to procedure of stakeout select the line of surface to stake and select the item Stakeout.

Surfaces importing

It’s possible to import still defined surfaces from files in DXF or LandXML format. Press Tools button and
select the format to use to import. Select then the file to import; the surface is reported in the table.

Viewing the surfaces in the CAD

In the main graphic window it’s possible to manage the visualization of the surfaces present in the
archive.

The appearing table reports the list of the present surfaces; to show or hide a surface click on the

symbol or on .
Always from the table it’s possible to modify visualization parameters or to pass to stakeout procedures.

Volume calculation
It’s possible to perform several volumes calculations and maintain the obtained results both as
calculated values both as graphic representation also.

VOLUMES & SURFACES Volumes

The table reports the list of all calculated volumes. For every calculated volume are reported
information as the type of calculation used and the volumes of cut and fill.

Volume referring to a reference elevation

This mode allows to obtain the volume existing between a reference surface and an horizontal plane to
an established elevation.

Reference elevation
NEW

Volumes and surfaces - 213

 Volume calculation

Reference elevation Reference elevation referring to which to execute the volume calculation

Volume referring to a reference point

This mode allows to obtain the existing volume between a reference surface and an horizontal plane at
an established elevation by a reference point.

Reference point
NEW

Volume calculation

Point of the archive referring to the elevation of which to execute the volume
Reference point
calculation

Volume of a stockpile/pit
This mode allows to calculate the volume of a stockpile or of a pit; the software calculates referring to
the reference surface, a second surface considering only the points present in the perimeter of the
reference surface. It’s then determined the volume present between the reference surface and a second
surface representing the bottom, in case of stockpile, or representing the “top”, in case of pit.

Stockpile/pit
NEW

Volume referring to a reference plane

This mode allows to calculate the volume between a reference surface and a plane passing by three
points.

Reference plane
NEW

Volume calculation

Point 1 First reference point referring to which to calculate the project plane

Point 2 Second reference point referring to which to calculate the project plane

Point 3 Third reference point referring to which to calculate the project plane

Press Next to proceed in the guided procedure.

Calculation parameters
After having selected the type of calculation and set the corresponding parameters are requested the
following data:

214 - Volume calculation

 Volume calculation

Name Name to assign to elaboration

Expansion factor for the cut volumes. The expansion factor can be inserted
Cut swell factor
manually or chosen from a list of preset materials.

Activates the calculation of the weight of the material excavated and filled
Calculate weight
considering the specific weight

Specific weight in tons per cubic meter. The specific weight can be inserted
Weight (t/m3)
manually or chosen from a list of preset materials.

It’s proposed the list of surfaces present in the archive; select the surface
reference referring to which performing the volume calculation.
CALCULATE

At the end of the calculation all results are reported both concerning volumes both concerning cut and
fill surfaces.
Press View to access to graphic visualization of calculated volumes; in the graphic visualization the color
of triangles depends on the elevation difference in cut and fill; it’s applied a gradation of color starting
with red for the maximum excavation zones, passing by the yellow for the zones with no excavation nor
filling, and ends with green for the zones of maximum filling.

Viewing calculated data

To access to the information of an elaboration, and to graphic visualization select Details item.

Calculated data

Detailed list of data of the elaboration; button Report allows to obtain a

Details
report in different formats of calculated data.

Graphic visualization of the elaboration; areas in red are referred to a pit zone
View
instead areas in green are referred to a zone of stockpile.

Deleting a calculated volume

To delete an elaboration select the corresponding line in the list of volumes and select Delete item.

Volumes and surfaces - 215

Roading – roads stakeout

ROADING
XPAD Roading is a module that allows to manage road design data in the field and perform all the
necessary stakeout operations without to use point coordinates but by using original design data. The
user is free to stakeout and to have road design information at any stations.
Road design data can be imported from LandXML format or from local road design software data format
and the complete design can be managed directly on the controller; it is possible to manage more than
one axis at the same time and all design data are displayed in plan view, longitudinal profile view and
cross-section view.
It is possible to work in three different ways:
 Cross-sections at specific stations: in this case at any stations the interpolated cross-section is
calculated
 Road edge polylines: cross-sections are calculated, at any stations, from the intersection with
road edge polylines
 Cross-sections templates: one or more cross-section template can be applied along the center
line; cross-section template can be fully customized by the user by defining the cross-section
shape and also additional information as superelevations and widenings.
It is possible to stakeout the road design data and sideslopes at any station and with any offset; the
point to stakeout can be easily specified on the cross-section view and your current position is displayed
in three different views: plan, longitudinal profile, cross-sections.
A useful command called “Where am I ?” allow to have all design information about your current
position along the road: station, offset, horizontal alignment element, vertical alignment element,
elevation difference from design elevation and from current surface.
If Roading module is used together Volume & Surface module, it is possible to stakeout road design data
and use a tridimensional design model (surface) as reference for the elevations.

Road manager
Road manager is the control panel of all the data of the road project. They are listed all axes and all the
side polylines that have been loaded; the project data can be imported from different formats.

roads Road manager

Importing road project from LandXML format

Import road data LandXML

TOOLS

Select the LandXML file to import. All axes and the side polylines will be loaded and visualized in the list.

Importing road axis from DXF file

Import road data DXF

TOOLS

216 - Road manager

Polylines in the DXF file are imported and become road axes only with the planimetric development
without longitudinal profile or sections; They can be used for stakeout, but without reference to the
elevations.

Transformation of a polyline into a road axis or side polyline

Import road data Polyline CAD

TOOLS

Select a polyline in the graphic window to transform it into the road axis with planimetric development
without longitudinal profile or sections; the axis can be used for stakeout, but without reference to the
elevations.

Editing a road axis

It's not possible to edit the project elements of the horizontal and vertical track (profile) but it's possible
to integrate the design with additional information such as the section models to be used, the raising
and widening in curves.
Select the axis to be edited and choose Edit item.
The project data is divided into tabs.

Road tab

Field Description

Name Name of the axis

Start Station Chainage of beginning of the axis

East
Coordinates of the starting point of the axis
North

Planimetric axis tab

The tab lists the planimetric elements of the project; the graphic window visualizes the planimetric
track. The selected project element is brought to the forefront in the graphic window.

Longitudinal profile tab

The tab lists the longitudinal elements of the project; the graphic window visualizes the altimetry track.
The selected project element is brought to the forefront in the graphic window.

Cross sections tab

The tab lists the cross sections of the project. To obtain the list of the coordinates of the lines and
vertexes that compose the section select item View: a new window reports the list of vertexes for each
section element that compose the section.

Section models tab

The tab allows to specify the models of section to be used along the track; the defined section model
will be applied by the chainage of application until the end of the track, or until the next interval.

Field Description

Chainage Chainage from which to start the application of the section model

Roading – roads stakeout - 217

 Left Section model to be used on the left side of the section

Right Section model to be used on the right side of the section

Superelevations tab and widenings tab

The tab allows to specify the superelevations (Side Slope) and widenings to be used in the elements of
the section model.

Field Description

Chainage Chainage to which refer the values of superelevation and widening

Left Left superelevation and widening

Right Right superelevation and widening

Once the models of section to be used and the superelevation values have been defined the program is
able to determine for any chainage the project cross-section: by the chainage it’s obtained the model
section and they are interpolated values of superelevation and widening that are applied to the
corresponding elements of the section model.
Values of superelevation and widening calculated are applied only to the elements of the model section
that are identified as items to rotate and enlarge.

Road sides tab

The tab allows to define, among all polylines of side, those which belong to the axis and which must be
used to obtain the cross section. At each chainage the program performs an intersection with the side
polylines to obtain the cross section to be used in stakeout.

Deleting a road axis

Select axis, or side polyline, from the list and choose item Delete; all axis data will be deleted.

Stakeout
Stakeout of a road axis is quite similar to stakeout of an element by chainage and offset; after having
selected the reference axis specify the chainage and the stakeout distance.

ROADS Road stakeout

Field Description

Chainage Stakeout chainage

Interval Interval to use for the chainage increase

If there are cross-sections it's possible to specify the section line to be

Surface
used for stakeout

According to the entered chainage it’s interpolated and visualized the corresponding cross-section. On
the calculated section specify the distance from the axis; it's possible to select the vertex also from
graphic view.

218 - Stakeout
 Field Description

Offset Vertex of the section to stakeout

Offset Distance from the axis; it's possible to add an additional offset

Elevation Elevation of stakeout; it's possible to add an additional vertical offset

After defining the chainage and offset the procedure continues with the same functions explained in the
chapter on stakeout.

Sideslope stakeout
The procedure allows to perform the calculation and the stakeout of the point of intersection of the
project sideslope with the existing terrain; the position is calculated on the basis of a slope of project
and referring to a chainage and to a distance (offset) on the reference axis.

ROADS Sideslope stakeout

The requests that are performed are exactly the same seen in the previous paragraph. To the previous
settings it’s added a last tab that allows you to define the project slopes in the cut and fill condition. The
slopes are applied on the point defined as chainage and offset from the reference axis.

Slopes

Slopes

Slope value in the cut condition (receiver elevation above the starting
Cut
elevation of the sideslope).

Slope value in the fill condition (receiver elevation under the starting elevation
Fill
of the sideslope).

Stakeout procedure
After defining the reference element, the offset parameters and slopes, it appears the main stakeout
window.

Roading – roads stakeout - 219

 The side panel contains the information to get the point of intersection; The latest
information reports the current value of the slope and the direction to take, on the
perpendicular to the reference element, to achieve the value of project slope.

Where am I ?
This function is able to provide much information concerning the current position referring to the
selected road project.

ROADS Where am I ?

Select the reference axis to be used for the calculation. In case of use of the total station start measure
to have a position of calculation.
Basing on the position they are visualized the following information:

Description

Chainage in which you are located

Distance from the reference axis

Element of the planimetric track

Element of the altimetry track

Absolute elevation / Axis elevation / Elevation difference

Right or Left side of the track

They are available three graphic views: planimetry, profile and section.

X-Sections Templates
The section models define the shape and the characteristics of the section to be applied along a track;
through the composition of simple linear elements it's also possible to define models of complex
sections that may be subject to superelevations and widenings in curves.
The section model must be defined only for the right side of the section but the definition can also be
used for the left side.

ROADS X-Sections Templates

Adding a section model

On the General tab, it's possible to set the section model name and distance of the point of rotation.

220 - Where am I ?
 Field Description

Name Name of the section model

Distance of the point of rotation referring to the central axis of the

project:

 double pitch roadway: the point of rotation coincides with the

axis of the road and so the distance of the point of rotation is 0
 separated roadways with rotation of roadways at the inner
Rotation Point edge: the distance of the point of rotation coincides with the
width of the internal edge
 separated roadways with rotation in correspondence of the axis
of each roadway: the distance of the point of rotation
corresponds to the width of the inner edge plus the width of the
half-roadway

In Vertexes tab it have to be defined the section shape.

Each vertex is defined by the horizontal and vertical distance referring to the previous vertex:

Field Description

Type of input:
Type  Offset X & Y: horizontal and vertical distance
 Offset X & Slope: horizontal distance and slope

Offset X Horizontal vertex distance from previous vertex

Offset Y Vertical vertex distance from previous vertex

Slope Slope of the vertex from previous vertex

Enable to be able to have applied on this segment the superelevation

Apply Superelevation &
and widening values. To enable for parts which represent the
Widening
roadway.

Editing a section model

Select model and choose item Remove.

Deleting a section model

Select model and choose item Delete.

Roading – roads stakeout - 221

XLive – Collaborative survey
X•Live is the innovative "collaborative survey" system that, through X•PAD, allows a data
communication within a group that uses daily topographic instruments. X•Live allows the creation of
working groups and sessions of measures to which the team members can participate and exchange
instant messaging, measured points, coordinate systems, jobs files or generic files.
All activity takes place within and through X•PAD that visualizes with notifications for incoming
messages and allows the sending of the necessary data to other team members. Even office workers can
participate in activities using X•PAD Office MPS.

Creating an XLive connection

Create new X•Live
JOB XLive
connection

Each connection is characterized by a group name and password that allows team members to access to
group sessions. Each user is identified by a full name and an abbreviation.

Field Description

Group name Group name

Password Password to access the group

User name Complete name of the user that is performing connection

User abbreviation Abbreviation of the user that is performing connection

Confirm to create group.

Connecting to an XLive connection

JOB XLive Connect to X•Live

To access a group that has already been created it's necessary to specify the name and password of
access in addition to your identification data (user name and user abbreviation).

Disconnecting from an XLive connection

JOB XLive Logout

Using the Chat

when an XLive connection is active it's possible to access to chat in which can happen the exchange of
messages and files.

222 - Creating an XLive connection

 JOB XLive Chat

Moreover it's possible to access the chat directly from the top bar of the application where it appears
the symbol of the chat.

Icon Description

Allows to access to chat.

New messages arrived and allows to access to chat.

Sending messages
To send a message to all participants of the group, type the text in the field and press Send.

Sharing files
To send a file to all participants of the group it's necessary to define in XLive settings the cloud server
that will be used to store the files so that they can be downloaded from the group members.
At first access will be required to log in to the cloud server via e-mail address and password; passed this
step select the file to send, add a message, if any, and proceed sending.
The file will download to the cloud server and the members of the group will receive a message clicking
on which they will proceed to download on their controller.

Sending points with XLive

Pages Share with

JOB Points/Measure/Codes Save/Load
POINTS X•Live
TOOLS

Select the points to share and proceed sending. A file containing the coordinates of the selected points
will be downloaded to the cloud server and the members of the group will receive a message clicking on
which they will proceed to load the points directly in the list of points of their job.

Coordinates systems sending with XLive

JOB Coordinate System GPS Localization Share with X•Live

TOOLS

The current coordinate system will be sent, through the cloud server, to all members of the group who
will receive the notification. Clicking on the notification, the coordinate system will be downloaded and
set as the current job coordinate system.

XLive – Collaborative survey - 223

 Sharing points measured in real time
In addition to chat and real-time sharing of messages, points, coordinate systems and generic files it's
possible to enable the function of collaborative survey that allows, during the survey phases, to share
the points measured with members of the group who have active the same function.

SURVEY Survey points Start share with X•Live

Tools

Field Description

Session name Name of measure session; all users must type the same session name.

Share measured Enables real-time sharing of measured points with other users of the
points working group. Other users will receive the measured points.

Receive measured
Enables receipt of measured points by other members of the working group.
points

Share my position Enable sharing current position with other users of the workgroup.

Receive users position Enables receipt of the position of other members of the working group.

From the moment of the collaborative Survey session, according to the previous settings, it's possible to
send your points, share your position, receive points from other users and receive their position.

Settings
The XLive settings allow you to define several parameters and system operating rules.

JOB XLive Settings

Settings XLive

Options

Field Description

Share measured Enables real-time sharing of measured points with other users of the
points working group. Other users will receive the measured points.

Receive measured
Enables receipt of measured points by other members of the working group.
points

Share my position Enable sharing current position with other users of the workgroup.

Receive users position Enables receipt of the position of other members of the working group.

224 - Sharing points measured in real time

Export options

Field Description

Enables the export also of the points that have been received as a sharing by
others in the group. If this option is active, the export functions of the points
Export points
are able to export not only the points acquired by the operator but also
current points acquired by other operators.

Cloud-server options

Field Description

XLive allows sharing of various file types; to allow the sharing files are
loaded into a cloud server and the users of the group is sent a link that
allows them to download the file itself.
Cloud server
To allow this process it's necessary to define the Cloud server to use as the
copy area of the files to be shared.

XLive – Collaborative survey - 225

External references
External references are connections that are created between the current job and other jobs of XPAD,
other data files in AutoCAD DXF format or raster maps.
Instead of importing definitively data within the current job it's possible to manage the reference to the
data and load it temporarily only when needed; when opening the main job they can be loaded data
also of linked files.
External reference is therefore a very flexible way of managing the data required for the phases of the
job because they allow you to load only what you need without changing the main file; they allow you to
always load the updated version of the reference file and finally allow you to share the same reference
files between multiple jobs.
The elements of the imported document as an external reference cannot be modified.
After defining a reference to an external file it's possible:

- Download data: the reference remains active but the data are downloaded from the memory
- Load data: load the data file in memory
- Change visibility status: make the external reference data visible or invisible
- Restore link: if the external reference file has been moved to a new folder, it's possible to specify
the new location and to restore the connection.

JOB External references

Adding an external reference

NEW

It adds a new reference to an external document that will be uploaded along with the current job.

Field Description

XPAD Document
AutoCAD DXF Select the type of document to be added as an external reference
Raster map

Importing an AutoCAD DXF file or an XPAD job

Select folder and file to load.

Field Description

It’s possible to choose whether to import all the data of the selected
Mode
document into a single layer or whether to keep the original layer

Layer Only one layer to use to group the document data

Layer color Color of layer

Use original colors It’s possible to load all the data on a single layer and continue to maintain

226 - Adding an external reference

 the original color of the drawing

Import points It adds points of the document list to the jobs points

Points prefix Prefix to be added to the names of the points loaded from the document

Importing a raster image

Select folder and file of the image to load.

Position and scale

Top-left corner Coordinates of the top-left corner in which to position the image

Scale map 1: Scale factor to assign to map for correct representation

Map width Width of the image in real coordinates

Map elevation Elevation of the map in real coordinates

If file of the image comes with the World file, the positioning parameters allowing to visualize the image
in the correct position and dimension are just visualized.

Deleting an external reference

Select the document, and select item Delete from the menu that appears. The external document data
will be downloaded and the reference to the external document will be deleted.

Loading external reference data

Select document, and select item Load from the menu that appears. The external document data will be
loaded into the current document.

Downloading data of an external reference

Select the document, and select item Unload from the menu that appears. The data will be downloaded
in the current document and the memory cleaned; the reference to the external document remains.

Changing visibility status of an external reference

The data for each external document can be made visible or invisible in the graphic window. Visible

documents are marked with symbol while non-visible documents are marked with symbol .
To change the visibility status of a document click on the symbol.

Reconnecting an external reference

An external document can change the storage path and be present in another folder. To recover the link
select the document and then select item Connect from the menu that appears: Specify the new file
path.

External references - 227

Data import
Import procedures allow to load points, drawings and other information from files in several format
types. Files to import can be present in device folders or on servers Cloud.

Importing from file in AutoCAD DXF format

A DXF file containing drawing information and points can be loaded in the current job.

JOB Import data AutoCAD DXF

Select DXF file to load; several different import options regarding topographic points are proposed:

Imports as topographic points

Drawing points Activates import of drawing points (POINT entity) as topographic points.

Blocks Activates import of block reference (INSERT entity) as topographic points.

Activates automatic recognition of the name of the point through research

of a text near the point; for every point to import the software checks if it
Recognize name exists a text near the position of the point; the text eventually found is
identified as the name of the point. So it’s possible to import points from
drawings in DXF format maintaining the original name of the point.

Object vertexes Activates automatic creation of topographic points on objects vertexes.

Start name Nome to assign to the first point that will be imported.

Importing from file in ASCII format

It’s possible to import a file of points in text format as topographic points or reference points. Import
parameters can be saved in a scheme which can be loaded directly in next import and export
procedures.

JOB Import data Text file (ASCII)

Select the text file to load; import options are the following:

Parameters

Select if you want to load the points as topographic points or as

reference points.
Data
- Topographic points
- Reference points

It is proposed import schemes currently available; choose one scheme or

Scheme
choose * Customized * to proceed to creation of your own schema.

Separator character Character separating content of the fields.

228 - Importing from file in AutoCAD DXF format

 Number of rows composing heading of the file and which will therefore
Heading rows
not be imported.

The table reports the list of the fields that can be imported; if it has been selected the scheme * Custom
* it’s possible to select fields to import and change the order of importing of a field using buttons.

Fields

Select fields to import

Move up selected field

Move down selected field

A preview of importing result is visualized.

Save scheme

If it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it’s possible to save settings
Save scheme
in a scheme.

Name scheme Name of the scheme to create

Start import procedure

Note. Import/export schemes are saved in files with PSC extension in Schemes folder of the software.

Importing from files in GSI format

It’s possible to import a file of points in GSI format.

JOB Import data GSI format

Select the GSI file to load; specify if to import data as topographic points or as reference points

Importing from files in LandXML format

It’s possible to import a file of points in LandXML format.

JOB Import data LandXML format

Select the LandMXL file to load.

Data import - 229

 Importing from files in ESRI Shape format
It’s possible to import a file in format ESRI Shape; they can be imported points, polylines and polygons.

JOB Import data ESRI Shape format

Select Shape file to load.

Importing from file in Trimble DC format

It's possible to import a file in Trimble DC format; They can be imported points and calibrations of the
GPS site.

JOB Import data Trimble DC Format

Select file to load.

Importing a raster map

Allows to import a map in raster format; if the file of the image comes with the Word file they are
visualized positioning parameters allowing to visualize the image in the correct position and dimension.

JOB Import data Raster image

Select the folder and the file of the image to load.

Position and scale

Top-left corner Coordinates of the top-left corner of the image

Scale map 1: Scale with which the image is acquired

Map width Width of the map in real coordinates

Map elevation Elevation of the map in real coordinates

The image is visualized in the graphic window of the CAD.

230 - Importing from files in ESRI Shape format

Export & share data
Export procedures allow to export points, drawings and other information on files in several format
types to be used on other applications. It’s possible exporting, sharing and open directly the files
generated;

Export & share

The file it’s exported on the controller or it’s saved on Cloud platforms; if
Device/Cloud it’s saved on controller it’s requested to indicate the folder in which to save
the file.

The file can be sent to other users in different ways:

- E-mail
Sharing - Bluetooth
- WiFi
- Other modes available on controller

For some file it’s possible proceeding opening and visualizing directly with
Open with apps available on controller.

Exporting on file in XPAD Office MPS format

The points of the job and the drawing can be exported to XPAD Office MPS format

JOB Export & share XPAD Office MPS

All job files, including images associated with the points, are combined into a single file with XPAD
extension and that can be imported from Office software XPAD Office MPS.

Exporting on file in AutoCAD DXF format

The points of the job and the drawing can be exported in AutoCAD DXF format.

JOB Export & share AutoCAD DXF

Other

Version DXF format version to create.

Activate the export of all the drawing elements that were created during
Export survey drawing
the measure operations with SmartDrawing.

Export drawing Activates exporting of the drawing of the job.

Export 3D Activates exporting of data with elevation.

Points

Export points Activates exporting of the topographic points.

Export & share data - 231

 Label size Size of the texts of the labels of the topographic points.

Activates exporting of the topographic points as AutoCAD blocks with

As blocks
attributes.

Activates the export of the images associated with the points; the images
Export sketches are linked to the points to be opened as a reference (hyperlink) from
AutoCAD.

Activate the export of measured points also by the other members of the
Export XLive points
team XLive and that have been shared in the session.

Exporting on file in ASCII format

It’s possible to export topographic points, reference points and TPS measures in ASCII customizable
format. Export parameters can be saved in a scheme which can be loaded directly in next import and
export procedures.

JOB Export & share Text file (ASCII)

Parameters

Select type of data to export:

 Topographic points
 Reference points
Data
 Measures GPS
 Measures TPS
 Bathymetric session

The actually available export schemes are proposed; select a scheme or

Scheme
select * Customized * to create your own scheme.

Separator character Character separating content of the fields.

Heading row Activates exporting of a heading row containing the name of the fields.

Decimals

Angles
Coordinates It’s possible to export data with a number of decimal different from what
Elevation defined in the settings and normally used by the application.
Distances

The table reports the list of fields that can be exported; if it has been selected the scheme * Customized
* it’s possible selecting the fields to export and change the order of exportation of a field using buttons.

Fields

Select fields to export

Move up selected field

232 - Exporting on file in ASCII format

 Move down selected field

A preview of exporting result is visualized.

Save scheme

If it has been selected the * Customized * scheme it’s possible to save

Save scheme
settings in a scheme.

Name scheme Name of the scheme to create

Start procedure of exporting

Note Import/export schemes are saved in files with PSC extension in Schemes folder of the software.

Exporting on file in GSI format

It’s possible to export topographic points, reference points and TPS measures in GSI format.

JOB Export & share GSI format

Parameters

Select type of data to export:

 Topographic points
 Reference points
Data  TPS Measures
 TPS Measures Phytagoras
 Measured points Phytagoras
 TPS Measures LSS

Activating this option the code of the point is exported as attribute of GSI
Export attributes
format

Separator used for composed codes; in the code of the point it’s possible
to save more single codes separated by a character as point, comma,
Separator
space or other. During exportation of attributes the complete code is
divided in sub-codes basing on separation character used.

Activating this option the single codes composing the complete code are
Unite attributes
exported as a single code; the separation character is not considered.

Hit Export to start exportation.

Exporting on file in LandXML format

It’s possible exporting topographic points and reference points in LandXML format.

Export & share data - 233

 JOB Export & share LandXML Format

Exporting on file in Google Earth KML format

It’s possible exporting topographic points and reference points in KML format for Google Earth.

JOB Export & share Google Earth KML

Elevations settings

Elevations can be defined in three ways:

 Clamp to ground: elevation is however leaned to 3D model of Google
Earth
Elevations
 Relative to ground: elevations are referred to 3D model of Google
Earth
 Absolute: elevations are absolute

If Google Earth is installed in your device it’s also possible opening and visualizing the content of the file.

Exporting on file in STAR*NET format

It’s possible exporting the TPS measures in STAR*NET format.

JOB Export & share STAR*NET Format

Exporting measures
There is no explicit function to export measures acquired on the field due to information non –
uniformity existing among GPS measures, hidden points measures, total station measures etc.
However, every time a job is closed, it is created automatically the XPAD RAW file; the RAW file is a text
file reporting the main settings of the job, the coordinates of the points and the chronologic list of the
measures acquired with all the available information.
To use measures and survey data with third party software we suggest using the RAW file.
For further information about RAW file XPAD format please refer to corresponding guide.

Exporting in other formats

Data exports are available in many different formats according also to the selected language. Also new
export formats are constantly being added.

234 - Exporting on file in Google Earth KML format