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Science
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Frictional Forces
Science – Grade 6
Quarter 3 – Module 1: Frictional Forces
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education – Region XI

Regional Director: Evelyn R. Fetalvero, EdD, CESO IV

Assistant Regional Director: Maria Ines C. Asuncion, EdD, CESO V

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Reviewer: Louwell Ted J. Sevilla
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Template Developer: Neil Edward D. Diaz
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Reynaldo M. Guillena, CESO V
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Alma C. Cifra, EdD
Aris B. Juanillo, PhD
Faye Genevieve P. Pasamonte

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education – Division of Davao City

Office Address: E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City

Telephone: (082) 227 4762
E-mail Address: lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph
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Science
Quarter 3 – Module 1:
Frictional Forces
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to
use this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress
while allowing them to manage their own learning at home.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as
they do the tasks included in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different
activities in the module.
As you go through the different activities of this module be
reminded of the following:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking
your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this
module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always
bear in mind that you are not alone. We hope that through this material,
you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep understanding
of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 Let Us Learn

A wonderful day to you little scientist! In this module, you will learn the
concepts of frictional force. You shall learn how force affects the state of an
object.

Specifically, you are expected to:

• define friction;
• infer how friction affects the movement of different objects (S6FE-IIIa-
c-1).

Let Us Try!

Choose the best answer and write this on a separate paper.

1. Which of the following is NOT an example of reducing friction?

A. icy roads C. sandy floor
B. polished floor D. wet floor

2. What do you call a force that opposes motion between two surfaces?
A. energy C. friction
B. force D. motion

3. The boat sailing on the river slows down. What kind of friction is acting
on it?

A. fluid friction C. sliding friction

B. rolling friction D. static friction

4. Which of these is an example showing undesirable friction?

A. pushing a table C. holding a pen to write
B. lighting a matchstick D. stomping the car’s breaks

5. Why do we wear shoes inside a mall with very shiny tiled floor? It is
because wearing of shoes __________.
A. decreases force due to friction which can cause you to slide
B. increases the friction which prevents you from sliding
C. protects you from wet floor
D. covers our feet from cold

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 Let Us Study

Read the selection below and answer the questions that follow.

FRICTION ON WHEELS

Have you thought of doing some exercise like riding a bicycle? Did
you ride a bicycle yesterday? Maybe as your exercise you went skating, rode
a scooter or a skateboard within your community. Have you noticed each
time you used a break or your foot to stop, you used an important force?
Yes, that force is called friction.

Every time you move, you use energy. If there is friction, there would
also be loss of energy. Because of friction, it’s hard for you to roll on your
bike for a long time. Friction maybe the most important force of all.

Questions:

1. What was the selection all about?

2. How does friction affect the rolling of wheels of a bicycle?
3. What would happen if there was no friction?

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What is Friction?
Why is it important?
Let’s study more about it.

Let’s understand more

about force and friction
from this selection.

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 What is Friction?

Look! Is the ball moving? No, the ball will move only
when it is pushed, a small push will move it in a small
distance, a strong push will move it farther, thus when you
push you make the ball move away from yourself.

Now look at this trolley.

It will only move when you pull, or you push. It will
remain at its place, when you will not apply force on it.
When you pull, you bring the thing close to yourself.
Thus, force when applied can move an object.

Human accidentally discovered fire by

rubbing two flintstones together. When
both stones are ignited and as it gets
hotter because of friction sparks will appear.

Friction comes from the Latin word which means “to rub”.
When the base is smooth, and the surface moving is also
smooth, less friction is generated, but if either one is
rough or some cases both are rough, more force has to
be applied as friction is greater.
Thus, in our everyday life, we see many examples
on how force and friction play an important role in
everything that we do.

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Kinds of Friction

1. Rolling Friction

is a friction that opposes the motion

of a body in which an object rolls over the
surface of another object.

2. Static Friction

is a friction that occurs when the

surfaces in contact are at rest (not in motion).
It is a kind of friction that prevents an object
from moving against a surface.

3. Sliding Friction

is a friction that occurs when solid

surface slide over another.

4. Fluid Friction

is the force that slows down objects

when they move through a liquid or a
gas.
It also known as “drag” or “air
resistance”.

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Effects of Friction

Friction is one of the forces that plays an important task in our

everyday life. We use friction mostly in our daily activities. Friction leads to
desirable and undesirable effects to us.

Desirable Effects of Friction

• It makes us grip, pick, hold and squeeze things.

• It enables us to walk.
• It helps moving objects like jeepneys and cars to stop.
• It converts energy into heat like fire; when you light a
matchstick through rubbing two stones or sticks together.
• It enables us to write.

Undesirable Effects of Friction

• It is difficult to move furniture.

• It converts some energy into heat, noise and wear and tear on
materials. Too much heat can cause the wear and tear of the
vehicle parts and reduce the efficiency of the vehicle.
• It can cause wear and tear of objects like the sole of shoes due to
friction.

Ways to Decrease or Reduce Friction

• Apply lubricants to make a surface smoother like oil or wax.

• Use spheres to decrease friction between moving surfaces.
• Reduce contact between rough surfaces by keeping it away from
each other.
• Use aerodynamic shapes (Like the shape of an airplane's wings
that makes it able to fly, a shape makes air flow over the top faster
than under the bottom.)

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 Let Us Practice

Activity 1.1: Types to Know

Direction: Identify the type of friction shown in the following pictures below.
Write rolling friction, sliding friction, fluid friction or static friction in the boxes.
Write your answers on your activity notebook.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

7
6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

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Activity 1.2: Effects of Friction

A. Directions: Mark √ inside the box if the effect of friction is desirable, and
mark X if it is not.

1. Lighting a matchstick

2. Pushing a furniture

3. Step on the break on the moving vehicle

4. Writing on the chalkboard

5. Branches of trees strike each other and cause forest fire

B. Directions: Draw smiley face on the blank if the sentence shows less
friction will be applied, and a heart symbol if greater friction will be
applied.

_______6. Pull on bicycle brakes.

_______7. Use a bathmat.
_______8. Scrubbing the floor.
_______9. Use of rubber wiper in a dry windshield.
_______10. Apply oil on the bolts of the tricycle.

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 Do you know?
Sports shoes have rough bottoms to increase friction.
Players wearing this can move freely and comfortably
compared to regular shoes. Lesser friction is
applied in regular shoes.

Carts with wheels make it easier to

drag even with heavy loads because it has
less friction.

Thus, in our everyday life we

observed many instances of
how force and friction play
an important role in
everything that we do.

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 Let Us Practice More

Activity 2: Example of Friction

A. Directions: Provide example of activities on each type of friction based

on the given characteristic.

Types of Friction Characteristic Examples

riding on skateboards
Frictional force between 1.
Rolling two objects causing the
object(s) to roll.
2.

Frictional force between 3.

two objects causing the
Sliding
object(s) to slide pass
each other. 4.

5.
Frictional force between
Fluid
an object and a fluid.
6.

Frictional force causing 7.

Static an object(s) to stay at
rest. No movement. 8.

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 Friction can be useful but can
be harmful in other way.

B. How does friction affect our daily lives? Give 2 reasons why friction is
important in our daily life? Write your answer on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. ______________________________________________________________

2. ______________________________________________________________

Let Us Remember

• Friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces

striking or touching together.
• Friction can be sliding, rolling, fluid and static.
• Friction brings desirable effects to objects and people. Friction
could be reduced by applying lubricants to surfaces, reducing
and minimizing contact between surfaces, and using
aerodynamic shapes.

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 • Lubricant – something that helps machine parts to be slippery
and move more smoothly.
• Water resistance – the drag on something caused by moving
through water.
• Rolling friction – the force that slows energy when something is
rolled on wheels

Let Us Assess

Read the questions carefully. Choose the best answer and write it on a
separate sheet of paper.

1. Which of the following is NOT useful to reduce friction?

A. ball bearing C. rough surface
B. oil D. wheels

2. What kind of friction occurs as a fish swims through the water?

A. fluid C. sliding
B. rolling D. static

3. The friction between two surfaces that are not moving past each other
is___.
A. fluid friction C. sliding friction
B. rolling friction D. static friction

4. Which of these is the best lubricant to reduce friction on motorcycle

gears?
A. alcohol C. sand
B. oil D. water

5. What is friction?
A. Force opposes motions
B. Amount of force exerted due to gravity
A. Force of attraction between two objects
B. Rate at which an object changes motion

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6. When your bicycle runs fast and you want to stop it, you use the brake.
Why?
A. The brake makes the wheel slow down and then stop.
B. The brake causes the wheels to run fast.
A. The brake causes the pedals to move.
B. The brake makes the pedals roll fast.

7. Why does sandpaper have lots of friction?

A. It can be slippery.
B. It can tear very easily.
C. It has a rough surface.
D. It has a smooth surface.

8. Which of the following demonstrate the usefulness of friction?

A. Friction helps the machines to do the work.
B. Friction helps us to walk on ground.
C. Friction can cause accidents.
D. Friction can cause burnings.

9. A ball will roll faster on the floor than on the grass? Why?
It is because there is ________________
A. more friction on the floor than on the grass
B. less friction on the floor than on the grass
C. less friction on the grass than on the floor
D. no friction on the grass and floor

10. Why are wet floors slippery?

A. The water increases the friction between your feet and the floor.
B. The water is lubricant and reduces the friction between your feet
and the floor.
C. The friction between your feet and the floor changes from kinetic
to static friction.
D. The friction between our feet and the floor changes from sliding
kinetic friction to rolling kinetic friction

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 Let Us Enhance

Activity 3: Find the Missing Word

A. Direction: Fill in the blank with the correct answer from the word box
below. Write it on a separate sheet of paper.

Friction
Friction opposes (1)__________. It causes an object
that moves along a surface to (2)____________ and
eventually stop. It is a (3) _____________ that
opposes motion between (4)_____________ surfaces
sticking or touching (5)_____________.

objects motion slow down

force together moving

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 B. Direction: Complete the puzzle through the given definition.

Across:
2. A type of friction that slows down objects when they move through
a liquid or a gas
3. A force that can slow down or stop motion
5. There is a little friction if two surfaces are _____________.

Down:
1. There is a more friction if two surfaces are _____________.
4. A type of friction between two bodies at rest

S
M

R N
C
U

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 Great job! And keep up the excellent
work!
Your hard work and determination to
finish this module made our objectives
achieved.

Let Us Reflect

Friction plays an important role in everyday life processes. It is

applied in many situations, for instance, pushing some furniture when
cleaning the house, ironing the clothes, pulling the vegetable drawer from
the fridge, steering the cup of milk with the teaspoon, cleaning the windows
with a rag and some other household chores. There are many different
situations where sliding friction exists and where sliding friction creates
resistance as objects rub against each other.

It is also applied if we want to prevent from slipping or sliding or

where we want to hold a certain object. It is necessary when applying brake
for a moving vehicle to stop. Due to friction, we get light from matchsticks.
Without friction, we cannot walk properly.

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Activity 1.2 Activity 1.1
1.Rolling Friction
1. /
2.Sliding Friction
2. X
3. Fluid Friction
3. /
4. Static Friction
4. /
5. Static Friction
5. X
6. Rolling Friction
6.
Let Us Enhance 7. Fluid Friction
7.
A 8. Rolling Friction
1. motion 8. 9. Static Friction
2. slow down 9. 10. Sliding Friction
3. force 10.
4. objects
5. together Let Us Assess Let Us Try
B 1. C 6. A 1. C
2. C
2. A 7. C 3. A
3. D 8. B 4. A
5. B
4. B 9. B
5. A 10. B
Answer Key
 References

Book References

Padpad, Evelyn Castante, The New Science Links 6 Sampalok, Manila:

Rex Book Store Store, Inc. (RBSI), 2017.

Electronic References

Balchers, Suzanne I., Friction (Science Readers: Content and Literacy),

November 2014, Pristine Publishing
https://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/1480746061/ref=nosim?tag=myc0
e-21
“A World without Friction”., March 2005. In Writework.com. Retrieved,
January 18, 2021, from https://www.wrtework.com/essay/world-
without-friction
“Example of Friction in Everyday Life” Studious Guy
https://studiousguy.com/examples-of-friction-in-everyday-life/

Video about “Force and Friction for Kids/ Periwinkle

https://www.youtube.com/watch/D23SNc61cRA
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Davao City Division

E. Quirino Avenue, Davao City

Telephone: (082) 227 4762

Email Address: lrms.davaocity@deped.gov.ph